D350 AVR Details
D350 AVR Details
D350 AVR Details
D350
Digital Voltage Regulator
This manual concerns the alternator AVR which you have just purchased.
We wish to draw your attention to the contents of this maintenance manual.
SAFETY MEASURES
Our technical support service will be pleased to © 2024 Moteurs Leroy-Somer SAS
Share Capital: 32,239,235 €, RCS Angoulême 338 567 258.
provide any additional information you may require. We reserve the right to modify the characteristics of this product at any
time in order to incorporate the latest technological developments. The
The various operations described in this manual information contained in this document may therefore be changed
without notice.
are accompanied by recommendations or symbols This document may not be reproduced in any form without prior
to alert the user to potential risks of accidents. It is authorization.
All brands and models have been registered and patents applied for.
vital that you understand and take notice of the
following warning symbols.
WARNING
Warning symbol for an operation capable of
damaging or destroying the machine or
surrounding equipment.
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Digital Voltage Regulator
Table of content
1. General Instructions ..............................................................................................................................................5
1.1. Identity sheet...................................................................................................................................................5
1.2. General Presentation .....................................................................................................................................5
1.2.1. The D350 AVR ........................................................................................................................................5
1.2.2. NFLink™ configuration module ............................................................................................................6
1.3. Technical characteristics ...............................................................................................................................7
1.4. D350 AVR Dimensions..................................................................................................................................9
1.5. D350 AVR and NFLink™ Dimensions ......................................................................................................10
1.6. Mounting ........................................................................................................................................................11
1.7. Wiring .............................................................................................................................................................11
1.7.1. Alternator voltage measurement: .......................................................................................................11
1.7.2. Inputs/outputs ........................................................................................................................................12
1.7.3. Power supply and excitation ...............................................................................................................14
1.7.4. Alternator current measurement (parallel operation CT): ...............................................................16
1.8. Wiring precautions .......................................................................................................................................16
2. Operations Instructions .......................................................................................................................................18
2.1. Description of manual controls and signaling ..........................................................................................18
2.1.1. The potentiometers ...............................................................................................................................18
2.1.2. The LED .................................................................................................................................................18
2.2. Description of the operating modes...........................................................................................................19
3. Setting instructions ..............................................................................................................................................21
3.1. PC Software ..................................................................................................................................................21
3.1.1. Software installation .............................................................................................................................21
3.1.2. Different access levels of Easyreg Advanced ..................................................................................23
3.1.3. Description of the banner and tabs ....................................................................................................24
3.1.4. Communication with the D350 ............................................................................................................26
3.1.5. “Configuration” window ........................................................................................................................27
3.1.6. Create a new quick configuration .......................................................................................................30
Step 1: Selection of the alternator type ......................................................................................30
Step 2: Definition of the alternator features ...............................................................................31
Step 3: Wiring .................................................................................................................................31
Step 4: Regulation mode selection .............................................................................................32
Step 5: Configuration upload .......................................................................................................33
3.1.7. Create a new configuration in custom mode ....................................................................................33
Step 1: Description of the alternator ...........................................................................................34
Step 2: AVR wiring ........................................................................................................................35
Step 3: Definition of the over excitation limit .............................................................................36
Step 4: Definition of stator current monitoring ...........................................................................37
Step 5: Definition of the protections ............................................................................................37
Step 6a: Setting of the voltage soft start ....................................................................................40
Step 6b: Voltage regulation ..........................................................................................................41
Step 6c: Regulation of the field current (Manual mode) ..........................................................47
Step 7: Setting the PID gains.......................................................................................................49
Step 8: Inputs and outputs management .................................................................................50
Step 9: Log Event ........................................................................................................................51
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Step 10: The Second Configuration .........................................................................................52
3.1.8. “Oscilloscope” window .........................................................................................................................53
Curves .............................................................................................................................................53
Trigger .............................................................................................................................................55
Cursors ............................................................................................................................................56
Transient test..................................................................................................................................57
Open a curve or an oscilloscope display configuration ...........................................................58
Save a curve or an oscilloscope display configuration ............................................................58
Change the plotting area background ........................................................................................58
3.1.9. “Monitor” window ...................................................................................................................................59
Display units ...................................................................................................................................59
Graph ...............................................................................................................................................60
Gauges ............................................................................................................................................60
Change the size of an object .......................................................................................................61
Delete an object .............................................................................................................................62
Save a monitor configuration .......................................................................................................62
Open a monitor configuration ......................................................................................................62
3.2. Operations as analogue AVR .....................................................................................................................63
3.2.1. Voltage setting.......................................................................................................................................63
3.2.2. Stability setting ......................................................................................................................................64
3.2.3. Droop compensation ............................................................................................................................64
3.2.4. Switching 50/60Hz ................................................................................................................................64
3.3. Tips and tricks...............................................................................................................................................65
3.4. Comparison window ....................................................................................................................................65
4. APPENDICES ......................................................................................................................................................67
4.1. Vector permutations.....................................................................................................................................67
4.2. Regulation modes prioritization..................................................................................................................68
4.3. Electrical diagrams.......................................................................................................................................69
4.3.1. SHUNT ...................................................................................................................................................69
4.3.2. AREP ......................................................................................................................................................70
4.3.3. PMG ........................................................................................................................................................71
4.4. Faults trouble shouting ................................................................................................................................72
4.4.1. No Voltage .............................................................................................................................................72
4.4.2. Voltage too low ......................................................................................................................................73
4.4.3. Voltage unstable ...................................................................................................................................74
4.4.4. Important voltage drop on load ...........................................................................................................75
4.4.5. Time response too long .......................................................................................................................76
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1. General Instructions
1.1. Identity sheet
The D350 AVR is designed by:
Moteurs Leroy-Somer SAS
Boulevard Marcellin Leroy, CS 10015
16915 ANGOULEME Cedex 9, France
Description Type Code
Digital AVR D350 5124059
Configuration module NFLink 5124189
Fuse references F1 F2
- In standard:
F1: 10A 250V ref. Mersen Q206071T or equivalent
F2: 10A 250V ref. Mersen Q206071T or equivalent
- For UL applications:
F1: 8A 250V ref. Mersen T084013T or equivalent
F2: 10A 250V ref. Mersen Q206071T or equivalent
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1.2.2. NFLink™ configuration module
The D350 AVR is equipped with NFC1 technology for communication and configuration
purposes. The configuration module hereafter called NFLink™ is placed on the plastic
enclosure thanks to two dedicated positioning holes as shown below.
Configuration
module NFLink™
NOTE: A holding system placed at the bottom of the NFLink ensures a mechanical strength
hold on the D350 plastic board. Once the configuration is done, the NFLink must be
removed as it is not supposed to be left on the D350 when it is in continuous operation.
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1.3. Technical characteristics
The D350 AVR is a digital voltage regulator used to control the alternator from the field
current or the output voltage regulation loops.
• Voltage regulation:
• With or without reactive droop compensation droop to allow parallel machine
operation.
• With or without line droop compensation.2
• Regulation of the field current, or manual mode, which allows direct control of the field
current value.
• Adjust the reference for the regulation mode in progress, using an analogue input (0-10V
and potentiometer)
• Monitoring of temperature sensor (Pt100 or CTP)
• Limit the minimum field current delivered to the exciter field
• Monitoring of the maximum stator current limit
• Loss of voltage sensing
• Withstand a sudden short-circuit for 10 seconds maximum in AREP, PMG
• Signals monitoring (events logger)
The various trip, regulation mode and measurement data items can be delivered onto the 2
digital outputs.
2The reactive droop and the line droop compensation cannot be simultaneously enabled and a current transformer
is required in both cases.
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• Regulation accuracy:
• +/-0.25% of the average of the three phases with harmonic distortion less than 5%
• +/-0.5% of the average of the three phases with harmonic distortion up to 20%
(harmonics associated to six-thyristors load type)
• Dimensions:
• Height: 52.9mm
• Width: 125mm
• Length: 140mm
• Mounting:
• Holes spacing on the Length: 115mm
• Holes spacing on the width: 100mm
• Weight: 0.45kg
• Conformity to standards:
• EMC: IEC 61000-6-2, IEC 61000-6-4
• Humidity: IEC 60068-1 and test in accordance with IEC 60068-2-14
• Dry heat: IEC 60068-2-2
• Damp heat: IEC 60028-2-30
• Cold: IEC 600068-2-1
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1.4. D350 AVR Dimensions
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1.5. D350 AVR and NFLink™ Dimensions
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1.6. Mounting
The D350 is mounted on a mechanical part on the terminal box or the cabinet with 4xM5 screws
and the nominal screwing torque is de 2.5 N.m.
1.7. Wiring
The AVR and its connections are not isolated against alternator stator outputs.
There is a risk of electrical shock. All wiring and connection operations must be
performed only by qualified personnel and upon a stopped, de-excitated machine.
The D350 must be connected to the different measurement, power and control signals to ensure
the proper regulation functions.
1.7.1. Alternator voltage measurement:
Voltage transformers are mandatory if the alternator voltage measurement is higher than
480 Vac rms phase-to-phase (530Vac rms maximum for 10 seconds or 277 Vac rms
between phase and neutral.
Phase / Phase
(with or without PT)
3 Phases
with or without PT)
NOTE: The alternator voltage measurement connection must match the alternator
current measurement transformer mounting phase. Failure to respect this
recommendation, bad reactive power sharing will occur when operating in parallel
between alternators.
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NOTE 2: If necessary, see the appendix for examples of vector permutations.
1.7.2. Inputs/outputs
The D350 is equipped with one digital input, one analog input, one temperature input
(PT100 or CTP) and two digital outputs. The figure below gives an overview of these
inputs/outputs.
• PT100 input
Without compensation
The measurement range for these temperature sensor inputs is between -50°C and
250°C and two thresholds can be defined: the alarm threshold and the trip threshold.
• PTC input
This input allows to use a PTC which suddenly increases when the temperature reaches
a threshold. Different resistance thresholds are defined for 2 PTC configurations but the
user can customize these values according to this sensors. This customization is done
via the PC software Easyreg Advanced.
1xCTP or 3xCTP
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• Analog input:
The analog input can be configured in two modes:
Potentiometer
0/+10V
This input is defined by its type (potentiometer or 0/10V) and by its minimum and
maximum limits.
• Digital output:
Each digital output is open collector transistor type. They can each withstand a
maximum voltage of 24 Vdc and 60 mA maximum.
Digital output
They are configured by a source parameter (alarm, regulation mode in progress, etc.)
and their activation mode: normally open (active low) or normally closed (active high).
CAUTION: The digital outputs are non-isolated. Watch out for the risk of reversed
polarity on the voltage which could cause the output to break.
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• Digital input:
It should be controlled by a volt-free contact.
Connection Electrical schematic
Digital input
• Excitation:
Excitation
• Power supply:
The D350 power stage can take several different source types: shunt, PMG, AREP. This
stage consists of rectifier diodes as in the electrical schematic below.
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The maximum power supply voltage is 300Vac between each of the connection points X1,
X2, Z1, Z2.
AREP
PMG
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Connection Electrical schematic
Phase-to-neutral SHUNT
(low voltage)
The alternator current can be measured on phase U as shown on the figure below.
CT on phase U
The total ohmic value of the exciter loop (out and back) must not exceed 5% of the exciter
resistance, regardless of the cable length.
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The total ohmic value of the power system cables must not exceed 5% of the exciter resistance,
regardless of the cable length.
For information, the resistance at 20°C in m/m for copper cables is approximately:
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2. Operations Instructions
The D350 AVR has operations range limits that must be respected. Incorrect settings of voltages and
currents could lead to partial or total damage of the regulator and/or the alternator.
STA Potentiometer can be assigned either to the PID global gain (sometimes called
Stability) or the reactive droop compensation. The PC software allows to select the
assignment and the variation range.
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2.2. Description of the operating modes
The various regulation modes to be configured depend on the alternator operation
(standalone, parallel between machines). Based on these different operating modes,
certain function will need to be enabled.3 The simplest examples are shown below.
Load
G D350
3 The following schematics are given for information only; they do not take into account any s voltage sensing
transformers.
4 In this case, one alternator current measurement transformer is needed.
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• Example no. 2: The alternator is connected to other alternators and a load
(factory, lighting, pump, etc.)
Load
• In order to divide the load reactive power equally between all the machines which
are running, the Quadrature droop must be enabled: voltage drop according to the
percentage of rated reactive load applied to the machine. In this case, alternator
current measurement is mandatory on the alternator current measurement input.
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3. Setting instructions
3.1. PC Software
All the D350 settings can be entered using the "EasyReg Advanced" software available as a free
download:
https://acim.nidec.com/generators/leroy-somer/downloads/softwares/easyreg-advanced.
The parameter-setting pages describe primarily the alternator parameters, regulations, limits, and
protection devices.
3.1.1. Software installation
EasyReg Advanced® is the software to be used for configurating the regulator.
NOTE: This program is only compatible with computers running WINDOWS®
versions Windows 7 and Windows 10 operating systems.
Execute this program, checking first that you have “Administrator” rights for your terminal.
Step 1: Choose the installation language
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• Confirm by clicking “Install” if the path is as expected
Step 3: Once installation is complete, you can choose to start the software (box ticked by default)
and to manage the shortcuts. Click on “Done” to quit the installation page.
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3.1.2. Different access levels of Easyreg Advanced
Two modes are available:
- Standard: for read only access to the parameters.
- Expert: for full access to the different functions of the regulator in read and write mode.
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3.1.3. Description of the banner and tabs
The software takes the form of a single window with a general banner and a bottom zone where
sub-windows are opened.
• "Home" tab:
• “Communication” tab:
Load the parameters into the D350 Back to the factory setting
NOTE: Before parameters are exported the user will be asked to confirm and to check the product
status (regulation in progress or not). If regulation is in progress, confirmation is requested again.
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• “Monitoring” group:
• “Windows” group:
Cascade open
windows List of open windows
Mosaic open
windows
• "Information" group:
Language
Technical support
selection
help
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The D350 is equipped with running hours counter accessible in the « About » window
(given in hours and minutes). The firmware update can also be done in this window as shown
below.
Firmware
upgrade
NOTE: This counter is updated every 10min and only when the voltage regulation
setpoint is reached.
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3.1.5. “Configuration” window
This window consists of several pages for configuring the entire alternator operation. To
move between pages, use the “Next” or “Previous” buttons or click on the list of pages.
NOTE: More details of these pages are given in the sections describing how to create
a new quick or customized configuration.
• Description of the alternator: this page contains all the alternator electrical
characteristics, plus the field excitation data.
• Wiring: this page contains all the D350 wiring data for the measurement inputs
(alternator voltage and current). Each time the wiring is modified by selection of a VT or
CT, the drawing changes.
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When the CT only measures part of the generator total current, the help button to access to the
advanced level of CT settings as shown above.
• Faults and Protections: This page contains the parameter settings for the protection
devices provided by the D350 (over and under voltage, temperatures, etc.).
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• Regulation modes: this page contains all the regulation parameter settings: active
regulations, references and their adjustments.
• PID settings: this page contains all the values for the PID settings.
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3.1.6. Create a new quick configuration
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Step 2: Definition of the alternator features
Step 3: Wiring
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When a PT is used: Tick the « Alternator PT » box and fill the primary and the
secondary of the voltage transformer.
When a CT is used: Tick the « Alternator CT » box and fill the primary and the
secondary of the current transformer.
Voltage regulation: The box is ticked by default. Adjust the voltage setpoint if
necessary.
Reactive droop compensation: When a CT is connected this function can be activated
and its value adjusted.
Soft Start duration: This function can be used to ensure a smooth voltage build up.
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Step 5: Configuration upload
Click on « Upload your new configuration» to upload the configuration into the regulator.
In that case, the not filled parameters will be completed thanks to the Easyreg Advanced
database.
When clicking on « Continue the configuration in custom mode », the user will access to
a configuration mode which contains all the parameters menus initialized with the values
that were defined on quick configuration mode.
NOTE: As previously shown, it is possible to also access to this mode at the end of
the Quick configuration.
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The sequence of configuration steps is shown in the diagram below:
Step 1
Description of the alternator
Step 2
AVR wiring
Step 7
PID gains settings
Step 3
Definition of overexcitation limits
Step 8
Inputs/outputs Settings
Is there a CT on the No
alternator ?
Step 9
Yes Log Events
Step 4
Definition of the stator current
monitoring
Step 5
Definition of the protections Step 10
Second configuraiton definition
Step 6
Regulation mode
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• Describe all the field excitation characteristics: exciter field resistance (in ohms), shutdown
field current (in Amps), and rated field current (in Amps).
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NOTE:
• The phase shift value should be set during tests and commissioning. It is used to
compensate for the phase difference caused by the CT and VTs.
• When the CT only measures part of the generator total current, the advanced CT
configuration mode must be used to complet the configuration.
S2
S1
• If the limit is active, in order to protect the machine, it is only possible to have a current
higher than 99% of the rated current after 24 hrs.
• Click on the "Next" button.
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Step 4: Definition of stator current monitoring
• This monitoring can only be enabled in voltage regulation mode and with a CT configured to
measure the stator current. If no CT is configured then got to Step 5.
• It is divided into 3 different parts using 3 points which define the areas. These points are
determined according to the machine capability. The default adjustment values are:
• Three times the rated stator current for 10 seconds for the stator short-circuit
• 1.5 times the rated stator current for 120 seconds
• 1.1 times the rated stator current for 3600 seconds
• As soon as the stator current exceeds the value of the rated current, a counter is triggered.
The S1 “stator current measurement x time” area (shown in red below) is then compared with
the “maximum stator current x time” area (shown in blue below). If S1 equals S2, the limit is
active and the D350 enables “overcurrent” fault and the red LED is flashing to indicate
abnormal operation.
S2
S1
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• An action to realize (or not) when the delay is over. This action is chosen in a list:
• No action: the regulation will continue
• Regulation stopped: the excitation is then stopped
• Regulation in field current mode at shutdown value
• Regulation in field current mode at the field current value before fault: no bump in the
regulation
• Under voltage and overvoltage: These protections can be enabled by ticking the
checkboxes "Activation" and defining a threshold (in percentage of the rated voltage) and a
delay before the activation of the protection. In the case below:
• Under voltage fault is activated if the generator voltage is less than 85% of the rated
voltage for at least 1 second. This fault is active only if the regulation is enabled and the
soft start ramp achieved.
• Overvoltage fault is active if the generator voltage is higher than 115% of the rated voltage
and for at least 1 second.
• Under frequency and over frequency: These protections can be enabled by ticking the
checkboxes "Activation" and defining a frequency value and a delay before the activation of
the protection. In the case below:
• Under frequency fault is activated if the generator frequency is less than 45Hz for at least
5 seconds. This fault is active only if the regulation is enabled.
• Over frequency fault is active if the generator frequency is higher than 55Hz for at least 5
seconds.
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• Start motor fault: This protection can be enabled by ticking the checkbox "Activation" and
defining a delay. In the case below, fault is activated if the generator voltage is less than the
voltage setpoint when the 30 second delay is complete.
• Loss of sensing: this protection can be enabled by ticking the checkbox "Activation" and
defining a voltage threshold in percentage of the generator voltage setpoint, as well as a
delay before activation of the protection device. In the case below, the trip is active if the
generator voltage is less than 20% of the voltage setpoint after 1 second.
• Unbalance voltage: this protection can be enabled by ticking the checkbox "Activation" and
defining a percentage of voltage unbalance as well as a delay before activation of the
protection device. Calculation of the voltage unbalance is according to the NEMA standard:
In the case below, this fault is activated if the percentage of unbalance is at least 20% after 1
second.
• Short-circuit: this protection can be enabled by ticking the checkbox "Activation" and
defining a minimum stator current threshold in percentage of the generator rated current, as
well as a delay before activation of the protection device. In the case below, the trip is active
if the generator current measurement is higher than 200% of the rated stator current after 10
seconds.
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• Temperature protection: these protections can be enabled by ticking the checkbox
"Activation" and defining the trip and alarm temperature thresholds. The screenshots below
give an overview for a PT100 and a PTC.
On the last page of the protections, are defined groups of faults. All the faults can be then put
altogether and assigned to one digital output for example. In the example below group 1
corresponds to the faults linked to the voltage and group 2 is relative to frequency ones.
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• The Ramp delay corresponds to the time duration to reach the voltage setpoint (or the
excitation current setpoint) of the generator. If no soft start is needed this value must be set to
"0".
• Th Supply initial PWM allows to correctly initialize the microcontroller and internal supplies of
the regulator. The default value is 25%, but can be adjusted according to the excitation
system and the type of the generator.
• Start on Threshold allows a master of the voltage build up. The initial PWM is the ratio of
available Voltage (rectified from the excitation AC supply) that is applied to the exciter stator
until the voltage has reached the predefined voltage threshold. In the example above the
threshold is 100V and the percentage is 5%. The diffrent steps of the fuction are described in
the figure hereafter.
Example: threshold=100V; voltage setpoint =400V and Softstart=10s➔ whent the threshold
« 100V » is reached, the regulator will take additional 7.5s (=10s*(400-100)/400) time to reach
the desired voltage setpoint.
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• If the “Analog input” option is selected, the “Reference via analog input” part is enabled
further down. Select the desired analog input box, determine its mode (0/10V or
potentiometer) and the voltage values at 0% and 100%.
Cursor
NOTE: By moving the cursor, it is possible to view the values obtained on the voltage and
under frequency curves displayed on the right.
• The limits of this setpoint should be fixed, depending on the machine capability (in the
example below, the minimum voltage reference is 90% of 400 V (i.e. 360 V), and the
maximum voltage reference is 110% of 400 V, (i.e. 440 V).
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• When fixed setpoint or internal potentiometer is used it is possible to combine with
voltage bias through the analog input AI1:
With setting above, if the voltage setpoint is 400V, the output voltage will range from 350V
to 450V when the voltage on AI1 will vary from 0 to 10V.
• Underfrequency: These two fields are used to set the voltage drop as a function of the
alternator speed.
• Knee-point value: The typical values are 47.5 Hz for an alternator at 50 Hz, 57 Hz for an
alternator with 60 Hz rated frequency and 380 Hz for an alternator at 400 Hz.
• Slope: Adjustable from 0.5 to 3. The higher the slope value, the greater the voltage drop
will be if the drive motor speed drops.
• Reactive droop compensation: Select the box to enable this and give a voltage drop
percentage between -20% and +20% (caution, a negative value corresponds to an increase
in voltage). This function is mainly used in the case of alternators operating in parallel with
one another. This value is set to 3% by default.
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The quadrature droop curve drawing changes as a function of the voltage setpoint.
NOTE: If quadrature droop has been enabled, it is no longer possible to have line droop
compensation.
• Line droop compensation: Select the box to enable this and give a voltage reference
change percentage between -20% and +20%. This function is mainly used, depending on the
kVA delivered by the machine, to:
• Increase the voltage reference in the case of particularly lengthy distribution lines.
• Decrease the voltage reference (with a percentage down to -20%) to balance the loads for
machines connected to a rectifier (DC bus).
NOTE: If load compensation has been enabled, it is no longer possible to have quadrature
droop.
• Motor start: Select the box to enable the starting motor function, and give a percentage of
rated stator current. This function is active only in voltage regulation mode and allows limiting
the stator current at a defined value.
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When the breaker is closed between the motor and the generator, the D350 continues to
regulate the voltage until the stator current measured reaches the limitation value. In this
case, the D350 regulates the stator current. When the motor reaches its rated speed, the
current will decrease naturally and the voltage will increase. The D350 will then return to
voltage regulation mode.
To prevent and detect a possible bad motor starting event, a delay can be set between 1s to
60s in the protections page. If the voltage is not at its voltage setpoint when the delay is over,
the regulator will then respond based on the chosen action, as for all the others fault:
• No action
• Stop the regulation
• Field current regulation mode at shutdown value
• Field current regulation mode at value before the fault
If the motor breaker is closed before energizing, this limitation has the priority and ramp time
is not respected.
NOTE: During the motor starting, all the other limitations, faults and protections (under
voltage, over voltage, stator monitoring, under speed, under excitation, over excitation) are
active.
• If frequency continues to fall, the voltage is regulated according to the U/f law.
• Soft voltage recovery helps the speed recovery of the group: it is given in seconds per
percent of the rated voltage (s/%). For example, the above setting means that if the
frequency decreases by 10% then the progressive rise time will be 1 second (i.e. 0.100s /% *
10%). Note: that if the slope of progressive rise is greater than the U/f law, then the latter will
be used to raise the voltage.
• The frequency stabilization delay corresponds to the waiting time before the voltage setpoint
is raised gradually (according to the increase of the frequency).
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• The figure below shows the operating details of the LAM.
Frequency
Knee
Time
Voltage
Soft voltage
recovery
Time
Frequency stabilization
delay
• Self-adaptive LAM: it has the same role as the classical LAM described above. The
difference lies in the fact that the percentage of voltage drop is no longer fixed by the user
but is automatically adapted to the level of the load impact.
Thus for each load impact:
• The controller measures the operating frequency and calculates its derivative
permanently.
• From this derivative value, an attenuation coefficient (K) of the voltage is calculated
according to the parameters configured by the user. In the example below, for a frequency
variation of 10Hz/s, the applied voltage drop will be 10% of the nominal voltage.
For each load impact, the voltage attenuation is determined by the formula U = K*Ur where
Ur is the rated voltage of the alternator.
The frequency stabilization delay corresponds to the waiting time before the voltage setpoint
is raised gradually (according to the increase of the frequency).
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Step 6c: Regulation of the field current (Manual mode)
• This regulation is used to control the value of the field current directly. It is mainly used
during commissioning or as fallback mode if a measurement is incorrect on the AVR
(alternator voltage measurement or alternator current measurement for example).
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• If the “Analog input” option is selected, the “Setpoint from analog input” part is enabled
further down. Select the desired analog input box, determine its mode (0/10 V or
potentiometer) and the excitation current values at 0% and 100%.
NOTE: By moving the cursor, it is possible to view the field current reference (blue line) on
the graph located on the right of the shape.
• The “Follower mode” function, when switching from a regulation mode to manual mode,
allows the field current measurement to be used as a reference. This prevents any visible
“jumps” on the machine output voltage.
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Step 7: Setting the PID gains
• In quick configuration mode, all PID parameters are set automatically as shown below.
According to the applications, these factory settings can be tuned to reach the desired
performances on the generator.
• If a shunt or AREP type field is being used, the power supply voltage depends directly on the
voltage at the alternator terminals. As a result, it can fluctuate with the load and therefore
influence the PID's behavior. To compensate for these fluctuations, it may be advisable to
select the “VBus compensation” box. Below is an example of ramp starting with and without
compensation in the case of a shunt field:
Alternator voltage
Setpoint
With compensation
Without compensation
Time
• In the case of induction motor starting, the Current limitation gain must be adjusted to ensure
a stable regulation of the excitation current during this limitation stage.
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Step 8: Inputs and outputs management
• Go to the I/O page.
• The digital outputs can be configured by defining the source, the activation (active low =
closed if the condition is fulfilled, “active high” = output open if the condition is satisfied).
• The assignment of internal potentiometers is done on this page.
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Step 9: Log Event
For each selected event, the corresponding counter will be increased anytime it appears and the
excitation current is recorded.
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Step 10: The Second Configuration
This function is usually known as the “50/60Hz switch function”, but it offers much more features
and flexibilities.
The activation of DI1 leads to the switching to the second configuration and its deactivation bring
back the regulation to the base configuration.
NOTE: The switch is only taken into account at the regulation starting. Any activation or
deactivation when the regulator is in operation will be ignored.
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3.1.8. “Oscilloscope” window
This window is used to trace the values of up to 8 parameters simultaneously.
Curves
Each curve is described by: its color, its source parameter, its minimum and maximum values. It
has its own axis, which is the same color as the curve.
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• Should you wish to configure a color not in the palette, click on the “Other colors…”
button. The palette is then transformed. Move the black cross to the selected color or fill in
the text boxes (each value between 0 and 255) to define the RGB color values. Then click
“OK”.
NB: When you no longer wish to change the color, just click outside the palette. It
will close automatically.
• If the box was not already selected, the window with the list of parameters opens
directly.
• Select the parameter you wish to track from the drop-down list. This parameter can be an
analog or digital value (regulation mode for example).
• Click “OK” to use the selected parameter, or “Cancel” if you don't wish to change anything.
• Refine the plotting range: change the minimum and maximum values if necessary. These
values are taken into account and the trace is re-scaled as soon as one of the boxes is
exited or the keypad “Enter” key is pressed.
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When the monitor is on, the current value appears in square brackets.
Trigger
The trigger is used to launch oscilloscope operation once the chosen parameter value exceeds
the value entered either upwards (arrow facing up) or downwards (arrow facing down).
• Select among the curves, the one which will cause the trip
• Click on the tick box.
• If the box was already selected, a confirmation message appears. On clicking “Yes”, a
window opens with the list of parameters.
• If the box was not already selected, the window with the list of parameters opens
directly.
• Select the parameter you wish to track from the drop-down list. This parameter can be an
analog or digital value (regulation mode for example).
• Click “OK” to use the selected parameter, or “Cancel” if you don't wish to change anything.
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Cursors
Two cursors are available for browsing the curves. The difference between the two values of X
(time in seconds) and Y (curve value) is displayed in the “Delta” part.
The 2 cursors can be moved from one curve to the other by clicking on the cursor dot and
dragging it to the desired curve. In the example below, cursor 1 is on the bottom curve and
cursor 2 is on the top curve.
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Transient test
The transient test is used to check the PID response when changing the voltage reference.
It is divided into 5 steps maximum, each of which can take a different reference value.
The PID parameters can be changed directly when the command is sent.
• Click on the “Start a transient test” button. The following window opens:
The test then starts. Steps in progress are shown by the reference turning green.
NOTE:
• This test can be stopped at any time by clicking on the “Stop the transient test”
button. The display then reverts to the original reference.
• Transient tests cannot be performed if the control reference input is controlled by an
analog input, as this has priority.
• During this transient test, the defined minimum and maximum upper and lower limits
are not exceeded.
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Open a curve or an oscilloscope display configuration
The “Open” button (yellow folder) at the bottom right of the oscilloscope window can be used to
open an oscilloscope display configuration file (curves, minimum and maximum values, etc.).
By clicking on this folder's right-hand arrow, you can choose to also open a file saved in “.csv”
format. Caution, only files generated by the software can be opened.
When a curve in “.csv” format is opened, the curve configuration in progress is replaced by the
saved curve configuration.
By clicking on this folder's right-hand arrow, you can choose to also save the oscilloscope
curves as a “.csv” file.
The oscilloscope background color can be changed to black by clicking on the white square.
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3.1.9. “Monitor” window
This window is used to configure the parameter display in different forms (gauges, graphs,
display units).
It is fully configurable and the various objects can be added, moved, modified and/or deleted.
Display unit
Graph
Gauge
Save page
configuration
Open monitor
configuration
Start/Stop
Delete an object
Sampling rate
Display units
To add a new display unit:
• Click on the “Display” button, a window opens.
• Select the parameter you wish to track from the drop-down list. This parameter can be an
analog or digital value (regulation mode for example).
• Click “OK” to use the selected parameter, or “Cancel” if you don't wish to change anything.
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• The display unit is then inserted in the monitor in the first free slot (from left to right and then
from top to bottom).
Graph
To add a new graph:
• Click on the “Graph” button, a window opens.
• Select the parameter you wish to track from the drop-down list. This parameter can be an
analog or digital value (regulation mode for example).
• Click “OK” to use the selected parameter, or “Cancel” if you don't wish to change anything.
• The graph is then inserted in the monitor in the first free slot (from left to right and then from
top to bottom).
Gauges
To add a new gauge:
• Click on the “Gauge” button, a window opens.
• Select the parameter you wish to track from the drop-down list. This parameter can be an
analog or digital value (regulation mode for example).
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• Click “OK” to use the selected parameter, or “Cancel” if you don't wish to change anything.
• The gauge is then inserted in the monitor in the first free slot (from left to right and then from
top to bottom).
• Go to the middle of one side or corner of the diagram: the cursor becomes a double arrow.
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Exit “Edit mode” either by pressing the “Esc” key or by right-clicking in the monitor area and
deselecting “Edit mode”.
Delete an object
To delete an object (display unit, graph, gauge, etc.):
• Switch to Edit mode by right-clicking in the monitor area
• Click on “Edit mode”
Exit “Edit mode” either by pressing the “Esc” key or by right-clicking in the monitor area and
deselecting “Edit mode”.
Save a monitor configuration
A monitor configuration can be saved in order to be reused later. Click on the “Save” button
and a window will open. Give the name of the desired monitor configuration, and select “Save”.
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3.2. Operations as analogue AVR
The D350 can be used as a simple analogue AVR. Hereafter are the available features that can
be used or adjusted without any computer.
If lower voltage setpoint is needed (for example 230V), then a jumper must be used
between AI1 and 0V terminals as below.
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3.2.2. Stability setting
STA Potentiometer is dedicated to the stability setting. With factory settings, counter-
clockwise corresponds to low dynamics performance and full-clockwise will lead to high
dynamics performances. In general, potentiometer in middle position suits most of the
cases.
The default configuration is done with 1A secondary CT connected on the AVR terminals
S1-S2.
NOTE: If there is a need to use for example a 5A secondary CT, then the D350 must be
configured accordingly by using the NFLink cable.
By default, this switching will only affect the AVR knee point and it is the user’s
responsibility to manually adjust the voltage setpoint to meet his requirements.
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3.3. Tips and tricks
• Configuration download and upload
The up and down arrows placed on Easyreg Advanced top bar menu allow to upload configuration
into the D350 and to download from the D350, but keyboard shortcuts below can also be used:
- Upload configuration into the D350: F10
- Download the configuration from the D350: CTRL+F10
Part parameter
upload button
• Click on the “Run the comparison between the AVR and the file" button.
• The modified parameters appear in the list below.
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4. APPENDICES
4.1. Vector permutations
When the stator current measurement CT is wired up, the vector permutations can compensate
for voltage measurement and current measurement transformer layouts which generate
malfunction of the reactive droop compensation.
The table below gives the possible permutations according to the phase used for the stator
current measurement CT.
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4.2. Regulation modes prioritization
No
No
END
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4.3. Electrical diagrams
4.3.1. SHUNT
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4.3.2. AREP
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4.3.3. PMG
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4.4. Faults trouble shouting
4.4.1. No Voltage
No voltage
Yes
Yes
Exciter stator OK? Change the diodes
Yes
No Change the AVR
END
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4.4.2. Voltage too low
Yes
Excessive load?
Yes
No
Yes
Change the diodes
Excitator stator OK? Yes
END
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4.4.3. Voltage unstable
Voltage is unstable
Yes
No
No
Oui
Yes
END
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4.4.4. Important voltage drop on load
Important voltage
drop on load
No
Reactive droop
parameters OK?
No
Oui
Yes
END
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4.4.5. Time response too long
No
No
END
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Service & Support
Our worldwide service network of over 80 facilities is at your service. Our local presence
is your guarantee for fast and efficient repair, support and maintenance services.
Trust your alternator maintenance and support to electric power generation experts.
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and on all machine types.
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