Os Unit 4
Os Unit 4
4.0 Introduction
4.1 Objectives
4.2 Features of iOS
4.3 Evolution of iOS
4.4 Architecture of iOS
4.5 iOS Kernel Architecture
4.6 Processes and Threads Management
4.6.1 Threading Packages
4.6.2 Threads Alternatives
4.7 Memory Management
4.7.1 Application Memory Management
4.7.2 Virtual Memory Management
4.7.3 Page List in Kernel
4.7.4 Page Fault
4.8 File System in iOS
4.8.1 iOS Directories
4.8.2 iCloud Container
4.8.3 Identification of File Type
4.8.4 Security of File System
4.9 Summary
4.10 Solutions / Answers
4.11 Further Readings
4.0 INTRODUCTION
iPhone operating system (iOS) is a mobile operating system developed by Apple Inc.
used for apple handheld devices. It is used in devices like- iPhone, iPad and iPod. It is
the second most widely used mobile operating system. It supports features like direct
manipulation and can respond to various types of user gestures. It is proprietary and
closed source and derived from macOS. Software development kit (SDK) is provided
to create applications. It includes interfaces for developing, running and testing
applications. Apps can be written using system frameworks and Objective-C
programming language.
Initial three versions were introduced with the name iPhone OS. From fourth version,
they renamed it to iOS. With each new version, new features and apps were added.
iOS 13 is latest version which was released in 2019. Its major feature is dark mode
and new Map application with street view capability. It also enhanced its previous
apps and features like-Siri, Heath map and others. iOS 14 is about to release in
2020.
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Case Studies
4.1 OBJECTIVES
After going through this unit, you should be able to:
§ Understand the basic functions of iOS Operating System
§ Know the history of iOS operating system
§ Understand the process management in iOS and can compare with other OS
§ Understand the memory management approaches in iOS
§ Understand the File management in iOS
§ Understand the security features in iOS
Let us learn more about the layered architecture shown in the above figure.
4.4.1 Core OS
It is the lowest layer in the iOS architecture hence responsible for providing basic low
level features. The frameworks present in this layer are:
Security services framework
Authentication framework
Bluetooth framework
External accessory framework
Accelerate framework
Common services
Networking
File system BSD
Kernel
environment
I/O Kit
Mach
Drivers
Check Your Progress 1
1) Describe the important features of iOS 14.4 version.
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4.9 SUMMARY
In this unit we had studied iOS operating system. iOS is a mobile operating system
developed byApple Inc for iPhone.Adescription ofhowprocess management, memory
management, file management, security in iOS is discussed in this unit. Along with
various functions of the iOS operating system, its evolution, architecture, and other
features were described.
In this course we had studied Operating Systems in general and 4 case studies.
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