ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS FOR REVISION

CLASS XII : MATHEMATICS

TOPICS: LINEAR PROGRAMMING AND PROBABILITY

PREPARED BY
M SRINIVASAN, PGT(MATHS), KVS
1. The graph of the inequality 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 > 𝟔 is
a) Half plane that contains the origin
b) Half plane that neither contains the origin nor the points on the line 2𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟔
c) Whole XOY plane except the points on the line 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟔
d) Entire XOY plane
(0,0) does not satisfy
𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 > 𝟔
The inequality 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 > 𝟔 divides
the XOY plane into two half planes
which does not contain the origin
The inequality 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 > 𝟔 does
not contain the points on the line
𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟔
b) Half plane that neither contains the origin nor the points on the
line 2𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟔
2. The feasible solution for a LPP is shown
in the given figure
Let 𝒁 = 𝟑𝒙 – 𝟒𝒚. Minimum of Z occurs at:
a) (0,0) b) (0 ,8) c) (5 ,0) d) (4, 10)

Corner
Point (0,0) (5, 0) (6, 5) (6 , 8) (4 , 10) (0, 8)
Value of
𝒁 = 𝟑𝒙 − 𝟒𝒚 𝟎 𝟏𝟓 −𝟐 −𝟏𝟒 −𝟐𝟖 −𝟑𝟐
Minimum value of 𝒁 = 𝟑𝒙 – 𝟒𝒚 occurs at (0, 8) and minimum
value is – 𝟑𝟐
b) (0 ,8)
3. A die is thrown and a card is selected at random from a pack of 52 cards.
The probability of getting an even number and a spade card is:
𝟏 𝟏 𝟑 𝟏𝟕
a) b) c) d)
𝟒 𝟖 𝟒 𝟓𝟐

Let A = Event of getting even number in throwing a die

Let B = Event of getting spade card in drawing a card
𝟑 𝟏 𝟏𝟑 𝟏
𝑷 𝑨 = =
𝟔 𝟐
𝑷 𝑩 = =
𝟓𝟐 𝟒
Events A and B are independent

P(even number and spade card) = 𝑷 𝑨 ∩ 𝑩 =𝑷 𝑨 ×𝑷 𝑩

𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
= × =
𝟏 𝟐 𝟒 𝟖
b)
𝟖
4. If 𝑷 𝑨Τ𝑩 = 𝟎. 𝟑, 𝑷 𝑨 = 𝟎. 𝟒 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝑷 𝑩 = 𝟎. 𝟖. 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝑷 𝑩Τ𝑨 is equal to
a) 0.6 b) 0.3 c) 0.06 d) 0.4
Given

𝑷 𝑨 = 𝟎. 𝟒 𝑷 𝑩 = 𝟎. 𝟖 𝑷 𝑨ൗ𝑩 = 𝟎. 𝟑

𝑷 𝑨∩𝑩 𝑷 𝑨∩𝑩
𝑨
𝑷 ൗ𝑩 = ⟹ 𝟎. 𝟑 = 𝑷 𝑨 ∩ 𝑩 = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟒
𝑷(𝑩) 𝟎. 𝟖
𝑷 𝑨 ∩ 𝑩 𝟎. 𝟐𝟒 𝑷 𝑩ൗ𝑨 = 𝟎. 𝟔
𝑷 𝑩ൗ𝑨 = =
𝑷(𝑨) 𝟎. 𝟒

a) 𝟎. 𝟔
5. In a college 30% fail in Physics, 25% fail in Mathematics and 10% fail in both. One student
is selected at random. The probability that she fails in Physics if she failed in Mathematics is
𝟏 𝟐 𝟗 𝟏
a) b) c) d)
𝟏𝟎 𝟓 𝟐𝟎 𝟑
Let A = Event of student failing in Physics
Let B = Event of student failing in Mathematics
Given
𝟑𝟎 𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟎
𝑷 𝑨 = 𝟑𝟎% = 𝑷 𝑩 = 𝟐𝟓% = 𝑷 𝑨 ∩ 𝑩 = 𝟏𝟎% =
𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎𝟎
The probability that she fails in Physics if she failed in Mathematics
𝟏𝟎
𝑷 𝑨 ∩ 𝑩 𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎
= 𝑷 𝑨ൗ𝑩 = =
𝟐𝟓
=
𝑷(𝑩) 𝟐𝟓 𝟐
𝟏𝟎𝟎 b)
𝟓
6. Assertion : Two dice are thrown. The probability of getting odd number of first and
𝟏
multiple of 3 on the second is
𝟔
Reason: For two events A and B, 𝑷 𝑨 + 𝑷 𝑨′ = 𝟏
Assertion
For the experiment of throwing two dice, Total cases = 36
A = Event of getting odd number of first and multiple of 3 on the second
A= 𝟏, 𝟑 , 𝟏, 𝟔 , 𝟑, 𝟑 , 𝟑, 𝟔 , 𝟓, 𝟑 , 𝟓, 𝟔
𝟔 𝟏
𝑷 𝑨 = = Assertion is True
𝟑𝟔 𝟔
Reason: For two events A and B, 𝑷 𝑨 + 𝑷 𝑨′ = 𝟏 Reason is True
Reason is not used to prove the assertion

b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A

 𝟑 𝟓 𝟑 𝟐
7. Assertion : If 𝑷 𝑨 = , 𝑷 𝑩 = ,𝑷 𝑨∪𝑩 = , then 𝑷 𝑨′ /𝑩′ =
𝟖 𝟖 𝟒 𝟑
′
Reason : 𝑷 𝑨′ ∩ 𝑩′ = 𝑷 𝑨 ∪ 𝑩
𝟑 𝟓 𝟑 𝟐
Assertion : If 𝑷 𝑨 = , 𝑷 𝑨 = ,𝑷 𝑨∪𝑩 = , then 𝑷 𝑨′ /𝑩′ =
𝟖 𝟖 𝟒 𝟑
𝑷 𝑨 ∪ 𝑩 ′ 𝟏 −𝑷 𝑨∪𝑩
′
𝑷 𝑨′ ∩ 𝑩′
𝑷 𝑨 /𝑩′ = = =
𝑷 𝑩′ 𝑷 𝑩′ 𝟏 − 𝑷(𝑩)
𝟑 𝟑 𝟏ൗ
𝟏 − 𝟏 − 𝟒 𝟐
𝟒 = 𝟒 = = Assertion is True
= 𝟓 𝟑
𝟓 𝟏 − ൗ 𝟑
𝟏 − 𝟖 𝟖
𝟖
Reason: 𝑷(𝑨′∩𝑩′)=𝑷((𝑨∪𝑩)′ ) Reason is True
Reason is used to prove the assertion

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

8. Solve the Linear Programming problem graphically:
Min 𝒁 = 𝟔 𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎 𝒚, subject to the constraints:
𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 ≥ 𝟏𝟎, 𝒙 + 𝒚 ≥ 𝟔, 𝟑𝒙 + 𝒚 ≥ 𝟖, 𝒙 ≥ 𝟎, 𝒚 ≥ 𝟎 CBSE 2003

The constraint 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 ≥ 𝟏𝟎
Points : (10, 0), (0, 5) : Origin not included
The constraint 𝒙 + 𝒚 ≥ 𝟔
Points : (6, 0), (0, 6) : Origin not included
The constraint 𝟑𝒙 + 𝒚 ≥ 𝟖
Points : (1, 5), (0, 8) : Origin not included
The constraint 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 ≥ 𝟏𝟎 Points : (10, 0), (0, 5) : Origin not included
The constraint 𝒙 + 𝒚 ≥ 𝟔 Points : (6, 0), (0, 6) : Origin not included
The constraint 𝟑𝒙 + 𝒚 ≥ 𝟖 Points : (1, 5), (0, 8) : Origin not included
The feasible region is the unbounded region ABCD
The corner points of feasible region are
A(0 , 8), B(1 , 5) ; C(2 , 4), D(10 , 0)
 The corner points of feasible region are
A(0 , 8), B(1 , 5) ; C(2 , 4), D(10 , 0)
Corner Point Value of 𝒁 = 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎 𝒚
(0 , 8) 𝒛=𝟔 𝟎 + 𝟏𝟎 𝟖 = 𝟖𝟎
(1 , 5) 𝒛=𝟔 𝟏 + 𝟏𝟎 𝟓 = 𝟓𝟔
(2 , 4) 𝒛=𝟔 𝟐 + 𝟏𝟎 𝟒 = 𝟓𝟐
(10 , 0) 𝒛 = 𝟔 𝟏𝟎 + 𝟏𝟎 𝟎 = 𝟔𝟎

The Minimum value of 𝒁 = 𝟔 𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎 𝒚 is

at (2 , 4) and the minimum value is 52
Consider 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎𝒚 < 𝟓𝟐
The point (10 , 2) in the feasible region is not satisfied by 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎𝒚 < 𝟓𝟐
𝟔𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎𝒚 < 𝟓𝟐 does not have common points in the feasible region

The Minimum value of 𝒁 = 𝟔 𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎 𝒚 is 52

9. Solve the linear programming problem graphically
Minimize 𝒁 = 𝟐𝟎𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎𝒚
subject to 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 ≤ 𝟒𝟎 ; 𝟑𝒙 + 𝒚 ≥ 𝟑𝟎; 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 ≥ 𝟔𝟎, 𝒙 , 𝒚 ≥ 𝟎

The constraint 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 ≤ 𝟒𝟎
Points : (40, 0), (0, 20) : Origin included
The constraint 𝟑𝒙 + 𝒚 ≥ 𝟑𝟎
Points : (10, 0), (0, 30) : Origin excluded
The constraint 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 ≥ 𝟔𝟎
Points : (15, 0), (0, 20) : Origin excluded

𝒙 , 𝒚 ≥ 𝟎 ⟹ The feasible solution is in I quadrant

The constraint 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 ≤ 𝟒𝟎 Points : (40, 0), (0, 20) : Origin included
The constraint 𝟑𝒙 + 𝒚 ≥ 𝟑𝟎 Points : (10, 0), (0, 30) : Origin excluded
The constraint 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 ≥ 𝟔𝟎 Points : (15, 0), (0, 20) : Origin excluded
Feasible Region : ABCD
 The corner points of feasible region are
A(4 , 18), B(6 , 12) ; C(15 , 0), D(40 , 0)
Corner Point Value of 𝒁 = 𝟐𝟎𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎 𝒚
(4 , 18) 𝒛 = 𝟐𝟎 𝟒 + 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟖 = 𝟐𝟔𝟎
(6 , 12) 𝒛 = 𝟐𝟎 𝟔 + 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟐 = 𝟐𝟒𝟎
(15 , 0) 𝒛 = 𝟐𝟎 𝟏𝟓 + 𝟏𝟎 𝟎 = 𝟑𝟎𝟎
(40 , 0) 𝒛 = 𝟐𝟎 𝟒𝟎 + 𝟏𝟎 𝟎 = 𝟖𝟎𝟎

The Minimum value of 𝒁 = 𝟐𝟎𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎 𝒚 is 240

at 𝟔 , 𝟏𝟐
10. The probability distribution of a random variable X is given by
X 1 2 3
𝐤 𝐤 𝐤 Find E 𝑿 , the mean of X
P(X)
𝟐 𝟑 𝟔

For a probability distribution σ 𝒑𝒊 = 𝟏

𝒌 𝒌 𝒌 𝟑𝒌 + 𝟐𝒌 + 𝒌 𝟔𝒌
+ + =𝟏 ⟹ =𝟏 ⟹ = 𝟏 𝒌=𝟏
𝟐 𝟑 𝟔 𝟔 𝟔
X 1 2 3
P(X)
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝑬 𝑿 = ෍ 𝒑𝒊 𝒙𝒊
𝟐 𝟑 𝟔

𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟐 𝟏
𝑬 𝑿 = 𝟏 + 𝟐 + 𝟑 = + +
𝟐 𝟑 𝟔 𝟐 𝟑 𝟐
𝟓
𝑬 𝑿 =
𝟑
11.A bag contains 4 yellow and 5 red balls. Another bag contains 6
yellow and 3 red balls. One ball is transferred from first bag to
second bag and then a ball is drawn from the second bag. Find the
probability that the ball drawn is yellow.

There are two experiments

✓Transferring a ball from first bag to second bag
✓Selecting a ball from the second bag
EXPERIMENT : Transferring a ball from I bag to II bag
Let A = Event of transferring a yellow ball from I bag to II bag
Let B = Event of transferring a non yellow (red ball) from I bag to II bag
𝟒 𝟓
𝑷 𝑨 = 𝑷 𝑩 =
𝟗 𝟗
 𝟒 𝟓 I bag : 4 yellow and 5 red balls
𝑷 𝑨 = 𝑷 𝑩 =
𝟗 𝟗 II bag: 6 yellow and 3 red balls
EXPERIMENT : DRAWING A BALL FROM II BAG
Let E = Event of selecting a yellow ball from II bag
𝑷 𝑬 = 𝑷 𝑨𝑬 𝒐𝒓 𝑩𝑬 = 𝑷 𝑨𝑬 + 𝑷(𝑩𝑬)
𝑷 𝑬 = 𝑷 𝑨 𝑷 𝑬/𝑨 + 𝑷 𝑩 𝑷 𝑬/𝑩
𝑷 𝑬/𝑨 = Probability of selecting yellow ball after a yellow ball is transferred
𝑷 𝑬/𝑩 = Probability of selecting yellow ball after a non yellow ball is transferred
𝑷 𝑬 = 𝑷 𝑨 𝑷 𝑬/𝑨 + 𝑷 𝑩 𝑷 𝑬/𝑩
𝟒 𝟕 𝟓 𝟔 𝟏𝟒 𝟏𝟓 𝟐𝟗
= × + × = + =
𝟗 𝟏𝟎 𝟗 𝟏𝟎 𝟒𝟓 𝟒𝟓 𝟒𝟓
12. A speaks truth in 60% of the cases and B in 90% of the cases. In
what percentage of cases they likely to contradict each other in
stating the same fact?

Let 𝑬 be the event that A is speaking the truth

ഥ be the event that A is not speaking the truth
Let 𝑬
𝟔𝟎 𝟔 𝟒
𝑷 𝑬 = 𝟔𝟎% = = ഥ =𝟏−𝑷 𝑬 =
𝑷 𝑬
𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟎
Let 𝑭 be the event that B is speaking the truth
ഥ be the event that B is not speaking the truth
Let 𝑭
𝟗𝟎 𝟗 𝟏
𝑷 𝑭 = 𝟗𝟎% = = ഥ =𝟏−𝑷 𝑭 =
𝑷 𝑭
𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟎
A and B will contract each other if
A tells the truth and B tells a lie or A tells a lie and B tells the truth

P(A and B contradict each other)

= P(A tells truth and B tells lie or A tells lie and B tells truth)

= P(𝑬 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝑭ഥ 𝒐𝒓 𝑬
ഥ 𝒂𝒏𝒅 F)

= P 𝑬 ∩ 𝑭ഥ ∪ 𝑬
ഥ ∩𝑭
P(A and B contradict each other)
= P 𝑬 ∩ 𝑭ഥ ∪ 𝑬
ഥ ∩𝑭

= 𝑷 𝑬 ∩ 𝑭ഥ + 𝑷 𝑬 ഥ ∩ 𝑭 𝑬 ∩ 𝑭ഥ and 𝑭ഥ ∩ 𝑬 are mutually exclusive

= 𝑷 𝑬 ∩ 𝑭ഥ + 𝑷 𝑬 ഥ∩𝑭
= 𝑷 𝑬 × 𝑷(𝑭ഥ ) + 𝑷 𝑬
ഥ × 𝑷(𝑭)
𝟔 𝟏 𝟗 𝟒 𝟒𝟐
= × + × =
𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟎

A and B will contradict each other in 42% of cases

13. In a hockey match both teams A and B scored same number of goals up to
the end of the match. To decide the winner, the referee asked both captains
to throw a die alternatively and decided that the team, whose captain gets a
six first, will be declared winner. If the captain of the team A was asked to
start, find their respective probabilities of winning the match and state
whether the decision of the referee was fair or not.

Let 𝑬 be the event that captain of team A getting the number six
ഥ be the event that captain of team A not getting the number six
Let 𝑬
𝟏 𝟓
𝑷 𝑬 = ഥ =𝟏−𝑷 𝑬 =
𝑷 𝑬
𝟔 𝟔
Let 𝑭 be the event that captain of team B getting the number six
ഥ be the event that captain of team B not getting the number six
Let 𝑭
𝟏 𝟓
𝑷 𝑭 = ഥ =𝟏−𝑷 𝑭 =
𝑷 𝑭
𝟔 𝟔
 𝟏 𝟓 𝟏 𝟓
𝑷 𝑬 =
𝟔
ഥ =𝟏−𝑷 𝑬 =
𝑷 𝑬 𝑷 𝑭 = ഥ =𝟏−𝑷 𝑭 =
𝑷 𝑭
𝟔 𝟔 𝟔
If captain of team A tosses the die first
P (captain of team A gets number six and wins)
ഥ𝑭
= P(𝐄 𝐨𝐫𝑬 ഥ 𝑬 𝒐𝒓𝑬
ഥ𝑭ഥ𝑬ഥ𝑭
ഥ 𝑬 𝒐𝒓 … )
ഥ𝑭
= P(𝐄 ∪ 𝑬 ഥ𝑬 ∪ 𝑬 ഥ𝑭
ഥ𝑬ഥ𝑭
ഥ 𝑬 𝒐𝒓 … )
Events are mutually
ഥ𝑭
= P(𝐄) + P(𝑬 ഥ 𝑬) + P(𝑬
ഥ𝑭ഥ𝑬
ഥ𝑭ഥ 𝑬) + ⋯ exclusive

Events are
ഥ )P(𝑭
= P(𝐄) + P(𝑬 ഥ )P(𝑬) + P(𝑬
ഥ )P(𝑭
ഥ )P(𝑬
ഥ )P(𝑭
ഥ )P(𝑬)+… independent

𝟏 𝟓 𝟓 𝟏 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟏
= + + +⋯.
𝟔 𝟔 𝟔 𝟔 𝟔 𝟔 𝟔 𝟔 𝟔
P (captain of team A gets number six and wins)
𝟏 𝟓 𝟓 𝟏 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟏
= + + +⋯.
𝟔 𝟔 𝟔 𝟔 𝟔 𝟔 𝟔 𝟔 𝟔
𝟐 𝟒 𝟔
𝟏 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓
= 𝟏+ + + +⋯
𝟔 𝟔 𝟔 𝟔
𝟓 𝟐 𝟓 𝟒 𝟓 𝟔 𝟓 𝟐
𝟏+ + + + ⋯ is an infinite Geometric progression with 𝒂 = 𝟏 and 𝒓 =
𝟔 𝟔 𝟔 𝟔
𝒂
Sum of infinite Geometric progression
𝟏−𝒓

P (captain of team A gets number six and wins)

𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟑𝟔 𝟔
= × = × =
𝟔 𝟏 − 𝟐𝟓 𝟔 𝟑𝟔 − 𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟏
𝟑𝟔
The probability of the team A wining the
𝟔
match is
𝟏𝟏
The probability of the team B wining the
𝟔 𝟓
match is 𝟏 − =
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
The team which starts the game of tossing the die has more
chances of winning the match
Hence the decision of deciding the winner by tossing a
die is not fair
14. A scientist has to make a decision on each of the two independent events I
and II. Suppose the probability of error in making decision on event I is 0.02
and on event II is 0.05. Find the probability that the scientist will make
correct decision on i) both the events ii) only one event.
Let A = Event that Scientist makes correct decision on Event I
Let B = Event that Scientist makes correct decision on Event II
Given P(A’) = 0.02 P(B’) = 0.05

P(A) = 1 – P(A)=1− 0.02 P(A) = 0.98

P(B) = 1 – P(B)=1− 0.05 P(B) =0.95
P(A) = 0.98 P(B) =0.95 P(A’) = 0.02 P(B’) = 0.05
i) P(scientist make correct decision on both events) =P(AB)
P(AB) = P(A) P(B) Events A and B are independent
= 0.98  0.95 = 0.931
i) P(scientist make correct decision on exactly one event)
=P(AB’ or A’B)
=P(AB’) + P(A’B)
=P(A)  P(B’) +P(A’) P(B) Events A and B are independent
= 0.98  0.05 + 0.02  0.95 = 0.068
15. In a School a survey was conducted on general health of students. At the survey the
height of boys and girls were compared and the following observations were noted. 4% of
boys and 1% of girls are taller than 1.75 metres. Further 60% of school students are girls. A
student is selected at random from the school and found to be taller than 1.75 metres.
a) Find the probability that the selected student is a boy
I experiment : Selecting a student of the school
Let A = Event that selected student is a Boy
𝟒𝟎
𝑷 𝑨 = 𝟒𝟎% =
𝟏𝟎𝟎
Let B = Event that selected student is a Girl
𝟔𝟎
𝑷 𝑩 = 𝟔𝟎% =
𝟏𝟎𝟎
 𝟒𝟎 𝟔𝟎
𝑷 𝑨 = 𝟒𝟎% = 𝑷 𝑩 = 𝟔𝟎% =
𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎𝟎
II experiment : Observing that height of students
Let E = Event of observing the height of students more than 1.75 m
P(E/A)= P(The student whose height is more than 1.75 m is a boy)
𝟒
P(E/A)= 𝟒% =
𝟏𝟎𝟎

P(E/B)= P(The student whose height is more than 1.75 m is a girl)

𝟏
P(E/B)= 𝟏% =
𝟏𝟎𝟎
 𝟒𝟎 𝟔𝟎
𝑷 𝑨 = 𝟒𝟎% = 𝑷 𝑩 = 𝟔𝟎% =
𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝟒 𝟏
P(E/A)= 𝟒% = P(E/B)= 𝟏% =
𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎𝟎

P(the probability that the selected student whose height is more than 1.75 m is a boy)

𝑷(𝑨) × 𝑷 𝑬ൗ𝑨
𝑷 𝑨ൗ𝑬 =
𝑷 𝑨 × 𝑷 𝑬ൗ𝑨 + 𝑷 𝑩 × 𝑷 𝑬ൗ𝑩

𝟒𝟎 𝟒 𝟏𝟔𝟎
𝟏𝟎𝟎 × 𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟖
𝑷 𝑨ൗ𝑬 =
𝟒𝟎 𝟒 𝟔𝟎 𝟏
= =
× +
𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎𝟎
× 𝟐𝟐𝟎 𝟏𝟏
b) Find the probability that the selected student is a girl
𝟒𝟎 𝟔𝟎
𝑷 𝑨 = 𝟒𝟎% = 𝑷 𝑩 = 𝟔𝟎% =
𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝟒 𝟏
P(E/A)= 𝟒% = P(E/B)= 𝟏% =
𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎𝟎

P(the probability that the selected student whose height is more than 1.75 m is a girl)

𝑷(𝑩) × 𝑷 𝑬ൗ𝑩
𝑷 𝑩ൗ𝑬 =
𝑷 𝑨 × 𝑷 𝑬ൗ𝑨 + 𝑷 𝑩 × 𝑷 𝑬ൗ𝑩

𝟔𝟎 𝟏 𝟔𝟎
×
𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟑
𝑷 𝑩ൗ𝑬 =
𝟒𝟎 𝟒 𝟔𝟎 𝟏
= =
× + ×
𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝟐𝟐𝟎 𝟏𝟏