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Lesson 3 - Graph of Quadratic Functions (Turning Points)

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36 views23 pages

Lesson 3 - Graph of Quadratic Functions (Turning Points)

Uploaded by

Lim Zen Tung
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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M2 Additional Mathematics Year 10: Lesson 3 – Graph of Quadratic Functions (Turning Point)

Name: ___________________________________________
Date: ___________________________________________
Class: ___________________________________________

Notes:

Prepared by: Mr. Matt Page 1


M2 Additional Mathematics Year 10: Lesson 3 – Graph of Quadratic Functions (Turning Point)

Examples:
1. Complete the square for each expression by writing each one in the form ( x + a ) 2 + b .
Find the coordinates of the turning point, stating whether it is a maximum or a minimum
point.
Hence sketch the graph, indicating the 𝑥 and 𝑦 intercepts.
Write also the line of symmetry and state the range of the function.

a) 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 6

b) 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 1

Prepared by: Mr. Matt Page 2


M2 Additional Mathematics Year 10: Lesson 3 – Graph of Quadratic Functions (Turning Point)

c) 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥

d) 𝑦 = 15 − 2𝑥 − 𝑥 2

Prepared by: Mr. Matt Page 3


M2 Additional Mathematics Year 10: Lesson 3 – Graph of Quadratic Functions (Turning Point)

e) 𝑦 = 2𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 1

f) 𝑦 = 8𝑥 − 𝑥 2

Prepared by: Mr. Matt Page 4


M2 Additional Mathematics Year 10: Lesson 3 – Graph of Quadratic Functions (Turning Point)

g) 𝑦 = 5 − 2𝑥 − 𝑥 2

h) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥(9𝑥 + 50) − 35 + 3𝑥(1 + 3𝑥)

Prepared by: Mr. Matt Page 5


M2 Additional Mathematics Year 10: Lesson 3 – Graph of Quadratic Functions (Turning Point)

i) 𝑦 = 9 − 6𝑥 − 2𝑥 2

13
j) 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 − 𝑥−1
4

Prepared by: Mr. Matt Page 6


M2 Additional Mathematics Year 10: Lesson 3 – Graph of Quadratic Functions (Turning Point)

2. Given 𝑓(𝑥) = 7 + 5𝑥 − 𝑥 2 for 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 7.


a) Express 7 + 5𝑥 − 𝑥 2 in the form of 𝑎 − (𝑥 + 𝑏)2, where 𝑎 and 𝑏 are constants.

b) Find the coordinates of the turning point of the function 𝑓(𝑥),


stating whether it is a maximum or minimum point.

c) Sketch the curve and find the range of 𝑓.

Prepared by: Mr. Matt Page 7


M2 Additional Mathematics Year 10: Lesson 3 – Graph of Quadratic Functions (Turning Point)

3. State the maximum or minimum value of the functions and the corresponding value of 𝑥.
Hence sketch the graph, indicating the 𝑥 and 𝑦 intercepts
a) 𝑦 = 2(𝑥 − 3)2 + 1

b) 𝑦 = 1 − (𝑥 + 3)2

Prepared by: Mr. Matt Page 8


M2 Additional Mathematics Year 10: Lesson 3 – Graph of Quadratic Functions (Turning Point)

c) 𝑦 = 3𝑥 2 − 2

Exercise:

1) Find the coordinates of the stationary point for each of the functions, stating whether it is a
maximum or minimum point. Hence sketch the graph indicating the axis intercepts.

a) 𝑦 = x2 + 8x

Prepared by: Mr. Matt Page 9


M2 Additional Mathematics Year 10: Lesson 3 – Graph of Quadratic Functions (Turning Point)

b) 𝑦 = x 2 − 12 x

c) 𝑦 = x2 + x

Prepared by: Mr. Matt Page 10


M2 Additional Mathematics Year 10: Lesson 3 – Graph of Quadratic Functions (Turning Point)

d) 𝑦 = x2 + 4x + 1

e) 𝑦 = x2 − 6x + 9

Prepared by: Mr. Matt Page 11


M2 Additional Mathematics Year 10: Lesson 3 – Graph of Quadratic Functions (Turning Point)

f) 𝑦 = 2 x 2 + 16 x + 5

g) 𝑦 = 2 x 2 − 10 x

Prepared by: Mr. Matt Page 12


M2 Additional Mathematics Year 10: Lesson 3 – Graph of Quadratic Functions (Turning Point)

h) 𝑦 = 3 − 2x − x 2

i) 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 + 20

Prepared by: Mr. Matt Page 13


M2 Additional Mathematics Year 10: Lesson 3 – Graph of Quadratic Functions (Turning Point)

j) 𝑦 = (𝑥 − 5)(𝑥 + 2)

k) 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 12 + 8𝑥 2 − 5𝑥

Prepared by: Mr. Matt Page 14


M2 Additional Mathematics Year 10: Lesson 3 – Graph of Quadratic Functions (Turning Point)

l) 𝑓(𝑥) = (2𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 4) + 7

m) 𝑓(𝑥) = 12𝑥 2 − 19𝑥 + 5

Prepared by: Mr. Matt Page 15


M2 Additional Mathematics Year 10: Lesson 3 – Graph of Quadratic Functions (Turning Point)

2) In each of the following, state the minimum or maximum value of y and the corresponding value
of x. Hence sketch the curve, indicating the y-intercept.

a) 𝑦 = 4 − (𝑥 − 2)2

b) 𝑦 = 4𝑥 2 + 2

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M2 Additional Mathematics Year 10: Lesson 3 – Graph of Quadratic Functions (Turning Point)

c) 𝑦 = (𝑥 + 1)2 − 5

d) 𝑦 = 9 − (2𝑥 − 1)2

Prepared by: Mr. Matt Page 17


M2 Additional Mathematics Year 10: Lesson 3 – Graph of Quadratic Functions (Turning Point)

3) State the minimum value of 3𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 12 and the corresponding value of x.


Sketch the curve 𝑦 = 3𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 12 for −3 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 0.

4) Find the least value of 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 3 and the corresponding value of x.

Prepared by: Mr. Matt Page 18


M2 Additional Mathematics Year 10: Lesson 3 – Graph of Quadratic Functions (Turning Point)

5) Given that 4𝑥 2 − 16𝑥 + 15 = 𝑎(𝑥 − 𝑝)2 + 𝑞 for all values of x, find the values of the constants
a, p and q. Hence state the coordinates of the minimum point of the curve 𝑦 = 4𝑥 2 − 16𝑥 + 15.

6) Given that the greatest value of 𝑘 + 8𝑥 − 2𝑥 2 is 9, find the value of the constant k
and sketch the curve 𝑦 = 𝑘 + 8𝑥 − 2𝑥 2 .

Prepared by: Mr. Matt Page 19


M2 Additional Mathematics Year 10: Lesson 3 – Graph of Quadratic Functions (Turning Point)

7) Express 3 + 9𝑥 − 𝑥 2 in the form 𝑞 − (𝑥 + 𝑟)2, where q and r are constants.

a) State its extreme value and the value of x when this occurs.

b) Sketch the curve 𝑦 = 3 + 9𝑥 − 𝑥 2 , indicating the axes.

Prepared by: Mr. Matt Page 20


M2 Additional Mathematics Year 10: Lesson 3 – Graph of Quadratic Functions (Turning Point)

8) Find the x- and y-intercepts and hence sketch, on separate diagrams, the following curves.
State also the coordinates of the maximum or minimum point.

a) 𝑦 = (𝑥 + 4)(3 − 𝑥)

b) 𝑦 = (𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 − 7)

Prepared by: Mr. Matt Page 21


M2 Additional Mathematics Year 10: Lesson 3 – Graph of Quadratic Functions (Turning Point)

c) 𝑦 = 6𝑥 − 𝑥 2

e) 𝑦 = 2𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 3

Prepared by: Mr. Matt Page 22


M2 Additional Mathematics Year 10: Lesson 3 – Graph of Quadratic Functions (Turning Point)

f) 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 6

Prepared by: Mr. Matt Page 23

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