Date:..26/ 1 / 2k. @) Probability 4 Statisties mT Measure of Centwal Tendency» —— @ Nean | 11.23.45) "center of Median clistsbunion raf | Mode — dato.” — A centyal tendon oy Db i slated athe statis tical measuse that vepresents the single value of the onbre _dlistibution_ot a dataset. lt aimns_td. pvovicle.an_accuiate _clesciption_of eae ee “data un the_dlistaibutim, — (Mean - Oh ‘mean _yepresents the avg. value ae Li, th ib ~ (4) f the dataset._[t can ie Calculate =- ij = was dhe sum of-au valu in q— I = ‘dataset diicua by tht no. Of val = i gin Mean = Xn} /n_gonsral, sit i? “nt consiaused’ 05 the — aay asithmetie mean. As Some athey measuies af mean ase a Hl a 1) Geometac mean - 9, einen cr UTNE nem WAGER “tiSs rr oo @ IE & obsetved that di all dht valu up dhe “a hh en the. dalaset contains an even no.of yalue he mechan canbe found by Joking the dataset Me tht samt. thon au geomelric, ‘7 animehic_andharmeic mean Yaluw are mua of the Middle two “Values dhe SAMA Date 7 Nedran odd + 423,21, 18,16,15,13{12)10,9.7,6, 5,24 im Dol fep ee Poto in) — Sample Dain fy) fea > Neclion even: { 10,38, 35,33, 32,30,29,27, 2,24, 23, 29.8 Ha Eu Y- 2 x a ( iN mom Mean = 29127 ulation ol = 28 PP men B tiga Stepss- t= L4L234 sy ag) Sost aU dhe numbess Medan odd $ population cata 3 2 find he centsal elanent <2 Mectian even = 14242137475 = TF ~ 2.633 a @-Mode-» (ihe mace yepresents the fre H. : 6 am 6 Ha occunn pe un tht deepal 3 Somotinw she_cltaset_may cntacn_mulhpte mots Ad uw) sou cares vt does nat cntain_ony_smade_at au. 5423.2, UES @ Medion-» Medyan vs dhe_miadle valu Jpo dataset_Jn which the dataset uw arnnged /n_uthe asten 6 “07 w_clscend “NW fate : ALSTON: REYNOARCH §QFACADE alma alah ra ALSTON: EYNOARCH (2FACADEDate: of central wencuingy ave selucted : 1)_If you have_Symmmetsicat date cléstaibution Ws of~ continuous data Qu the thyee ing of _centyal fending hold good. but Maosély mean_is_consralered. HL Cell on Based on the Propesties of lata. tht osu i Dh u t| dende clancy. 2_1€ you hove skewed dishitution go fox “I “ney. necuan { asin Teste ve} ne Live Shewea tve_Skewed (a) () Nawal» Dhe_namnal_ cure xe pocsens iin Symudicat S Meu. ALSTONE REYNOARCH racae high ey (1) Symmetaycot ei = Histoga am Mods arye_, 2 nel neithes synmutaic nov nam €&2 a bad_gaaph of a cas fce_cdeam pref esen AK ge Chocolate. Hl @ | ALSTONE REYNoaRcH have tho asi iginal data, dhe boih we best choice fo ne {nore Best measuse fos central sia Hean} nua 4) ley ay have cokegancal a | isthe hes dake poaical yanables of |, eS. ti nd oe frids | |Dato ee fap osclute Meosuies | etatve Heasues (ii) Showed) = : Histognam ee . a Hl 1) Range 1) Coefficient of Ra Gi Righl /ive. sktwed) eg >) Vavionve ._,,.|2. Gefficient of "onoke era 3) Stanclasa deviation 3) Coeff. of Mean Deviation I] 4) Mean deviation | 4) Coetf.cf Quastie Devatm — He Wesp8 5) Quartile deviation imdeastane pt rt & * Measune_of Dispession (nue oan ) Few _fopulation (nN), (fer Measure af _dispession_axe_cused uto_ popsesent eg pel W®. (reo) 7” Sample(n) 7 S che scattesing of data. these axe uthe mercy = BZ (Xi) ww! K- 5 (Ki) numbers Deed iS \ axious aspects ot a "1 ON | a oO | Sppea (2088 yonrous —para— . \ ees Vonione (67) \ Dispession ui) Statistics vb 0 way fo clescotemeee <3 Population Somple | Spreco ous A data. _arcund_an_av value. Dispeasion Shows the vayiatityy pm a Vanone ox_consis tency »in_a.set_gf date » Aen tr = clipfeunt. nasines °* clispessiens 2 eq: mrs Dispeasio’ 4 1) Ronge pyr 3 prs | : 2) Yvon ef Ou oy — ape selene Cg 3) JStanciasa Ps ALSTON: REYNOAI —— “i . ALSTON: REYNOARCH +)-Hean—deviadion — oe a 3(Bu ually gens La, Yorione® fos ex: dataset «= {1,2 x \ x (xX) 7 | 2.33 | = 2 [2.82 | - 2_| 2.83 = 3 | 3.83] + 4 | 2.83 5! 2.83 82> 10-8Y 6-1 Sample Vaxiane 2 $.D= JR = [1.972] ALSTON: REYNOARCH FACADE mean Date whan we calculate vaxme Aly take comple Solving pooblems._ 2.3.4,5$ (x)* al ei Date a ——_ ares = * Slariasa deviation + [ime <0) Vonance > Big number SDs ig numbes ee 1 — Yonante > Sma S.D> Smau.Date X= Q8S __§ = 1-472 2.83 1-472 4302 LA Varawe i$ — - 4 0-144 1.358 2.334.025.9774 L246 & a ea a a a ew es S-D to left Dn®__"y S.Dip Right cit tig? engine Jntecsted un_Jesting — Vesam Sfp engines ty Oy nite. Data els cred on the mes ie msung Hof natural Luba — a { i175) 7is_a_sainple of 10 oe token wih deg uis given dy ig a 07.03. 7.0], 7.01,0.98 (e-S 707, 7.07.10 6-97 , 70,7.03, 7 V4 x ll ; ALSTON: REYNOARCH §$FACADE Date 46.984 7.08 ) 10-0 7-025 Sample mean Somple_vaxiante (c) ve OC = 30 e 5)? 70+ 7.025 0-0us 0.0020 7-09 7.028 = 0.028 00428 449 7.026 _0-075 0.00 5626 §-87 _7.025 0.085 0.60 3026 7-00 7.025 -0-025 0.000625 7-03 7.025 0-008 6.490028 - 7-01 4:02 -0-015 0.000225 70) 4-025 -0-015 6 0007S 6-98 F025 - 0-045 0.002025 4-08 925 9.085 0.003025ves ee )2 n=! = omaus) 3 = [9-001939). S.D = Sire = _J0-001939 > [ecw] 1) Mean doviation fom Meon J M.D = 2 Jx-x) il x nN 1.0) fs individual g =~ Cin) Sealed eq 4 f 2)_ Neon dination fram smudian J CH §BFACADE a HD, = 2 TL Coluuale H.D- fiom moon a wet ad Teton Natks 20 22 25.38 YO 50 65 70 75 Mdividual series because no frequency MD =¢|x-Z]_ 2c T xX x /x-X] 20 YS -25 aS 22 YS 23 23 — QS YS 20 20 38 5 Yo» 5 S So” S S » 20 20 as Qs 30 30 160 = 1278 we) REYNOARCH 4BFACADEGrouped Data ee © Meon. Deviation |x.- eHecian-+ ne 3} Sm oUngcup a fag Ungscuped data. an a ras ifn! is odd * <= sen] ris if ‘nis evens \@ "Fem (may aa ie a “a5 ach Em (b) Grouped clata 2 Sietime alee Medion = f+ a Xh POS a aa Lowes init g nection clas n= tolat freg c= Cum ative c Mquiny of class befae qudian class vequncy of Mmecuan cars Class “Width (upper Umut - lowes) Jum of all froquiny before suclion dass ALSTON: REMNOARCH irACADE Om em em mRiit ia rm @ fo eg G A. susvey is hasbeen conducted by a = a Keg —— grcup oF GE that a 20 outeolds Oy _g20U aia? —_ na ow I. (ny dov.guiped data - eg ‘Reuny, Tal taife . find dhe mode. ea pte a SE ich il : Me ares _ egg fon che given dalle vin been olsesved that p= : +0 (ike maximum class frequency = 8 / We _ eS ou ge consesponcdinh clas inlenval +(/4£-f i : eg? 4 | fa GE# Fa}. | rE a, 2 modal class fox given cata = (3-5) D> Lowes Limb of meotof class Lowes Limit of maclat class =3 £ fpequun of ynodal chads Upper Limit’ 6 | = fypquine ALefere modal cla Class Sie (i= & 2 ently _ after modal claw f-& vz lathe of modal clam pied hi Node - et ALSTON: fEMOAECK (FACADE : ALSTONDate ® As the quistion is in foam of less thon type X2 145, 150--.105 gives upper Limit . - : (ne the class whould be betota140 & below 140 6 31 Q = Qi? = 83 -3% pee &uo-1us FZ 2 FT 145-150 Q. She fallowin g0 il 150-155 dala ae pyesenis dio sinvey eee 155-160 Yegaxdung i th e1ghis tin om of SI gi a a 160-165 : of Class nd yneclon Aw 3 aoe ee : el —famhe gen distmiution, 111s ctsenea Height No. of Gisls gg that set4ocm i Class Imteovat_] frequency | c.f ESET 24 below 1YO Cs y K& 155cm Yo 140-145 + at K@ 160.07 46 1¥5- 150 18 LES ELY 2a ean SL 150 - 55 LI SO _— Ew 155-160 6 Tg Jo fing mucion shefght fil jx ne 60-6 5 TG! fo find_ vhs 1e5Y dha a S ALSTONE menveuneit rence “a hoe n=51 INZREYNOARCHat: OY gis wese Gplow 140, = below 10-4 QU gisls_wese_fse_with height “less_than _1US +o @ ~macion = + (Mb +k 1 ae F, h(wiaih)- 5 tohoreas Y wese below )Y4O Ryexccl Se jimnld U5 7 20k pecan chasse jg n-u=@ = 51 140-]us =@) N12 = 25.5 @ Likwise frequunty of 45-150 Chus, tht obsenation i bj class | Inilevveul 1S - SO = 24-1) et, = 13 : a 2. 10w )imit = US : Similan a hoe | @ Similony "a freq = 18 ne isos = ye-28 . main pli - 4 148 + / 45.5 +(1] iss= 160 = _Mp-W ot Bates 1 MS + (72. [60-165 = 5) 46 a i ( ame a1 3S ay 199.03 cn ALSTON: FEYNOARCH GARE ot - Tom HT on @ 9. Medion AR 2 Meaion= a(t eek hh § Nala . ceo Class /ntervat_} fey, q F 4S 0-20 I 40 +[60- 7+ \2 20-40 28 7 (95#4) : NOTE? 4Q-60 WS heve” 60 observahe| 60-80 34 _ 40+ (15:20) Iesinine (GD 30-100 19 x BZ IES class interval of 40-60, 50 we witt : 40+ A fake cf prewcling Class _Inlesval_| freg_] CF =: 6 \ the clase intervat B20775 le UO- 60, 7.e,4g, 0-20 iE & : 3 eS 3 ar 395 = Y 40-6 7 t = 49s. 60 - 60. 24 10) Z 92375 dng 80-100 19 120 —— mectrony cues on bene] : Tia = GO" obsesration 60 lity 6) the cf 4S to 77 SO Wwe wil) Jake nwdion 033 p -ipg atl of 4y0-60 with cf T#. 1 . ALSTON: Rewoancy ‘FACADE a ALSTON: REYNoARCH |"ly Fitting second “clegsee pasotola by trast Square muthed.- Date: — Canve Fitting optimization Xn Yn ep 2°" clog pasobola > y= a4bx tex? @_fitting Stra/ghi_tine with {ast squaw mntthd a Ob y= ax pric G Gearex ) as i 2 both sides Qdd_€ both siolos | Zy: no + p=x| Ui) “x_both sides [aay ax b bax? rcex2 | (2) xX bath sides_once_maore,. : [zey, ra “+ beet CBr -@) en 2_gets \ nstani it becomes “n’_| rmultiply by x x bath Side ALSTON: RENOARGH {FACADE —Bow, as we know tht Y=a4+ be Zy- na thee 4 Zxy= géx1béxe Qy = 6a+dub - (i) 4 2G 4 (Sb = 113-2 - (ii) BEB 0 Go rdr0-505% ns bate 0 cusve (St lint) y= ibe s ft followin } lata cusing east Squau_muthed. QSGne Know (Ley oe Ba & 2A TE 2AM) + ALSTON: REYNOARCH {FACADE ALSTON: REYNoARGH {grACADEate G fit 0, cuave of the fam_y= 07 bx 0x* owing data using Acar? ¢ yneFhod jaf pe fp Ast Y= aabxicx2 aH Zy = n0+ _béx+ céx2 =O) xy = 02x + bérc* + C2? = 2x2y = 08x + bers + xt - BD x \y jryl es ry] xd | 24 o tfc |o }o fo f° 7 | 18 | 1-8 [1s fy 7 | 03 fee | 4 |[o2}8 116 3) 95175 | 9 js fer | 3 4 | G3lasr | 16 |ims| 64 1256 ox, y= y= t= ffxey=| 272 4Ex4 : a 30 10% [eo cH gracape — J5'/ Date n5_ Zy= Nat béx + céx? 12.9= 5a + 0b + 30¢ =i) 2Xy= OX + béx2 + CEx3 37.1 = 100+ 30h + 100e - (iid ExX2y= 02274 bex3 + CEx4 | eee =300 + 100b+ 354¢ = (jij) | ce equation () 4 Ui) f li) we putling these valuo in Y= O4 bx +002 Y= L42- 07x + 6.55x2 REYNOARCH {FACADEDate — — a Curve thy 0: 0 1 eas gd: A was ease ced te pee ES f linc find y ate 8 il [ey n+ Bax] = eg) ZYX= Néx+ BEX? - e916) - Y=lgy 2 Mex] Yy | sea oe XY |X 57 [4.4659 | 4U.U65 | 1 oF [4.574 | o.149 | 4 — y= 0b dake log both sides fog. y= Log Cab)* logy = (aga + lag b* logy Logo + (¢lagh ae bx At BX 1 2 3S |g _] 4.32% fry-1s2 14 + 129 4-859 | 19-439] 16 5 |.20a | 5308 [a6.54J 25 6 195] 5.272 3b 638| 36 +1193 | 5.262 136-6381 49 24 - 34. YR/8 )(2NY £x2= /42) i) & NE)! ] ALSTON: nemdeet ALSTON: REYNOARCH FACADEcogs a bate aa - A+ 228 = 3Y.9718 “fl find_ 00st sq eomoly’e cuave R5A +1428 = 1y2254 age g it ax’ roo. eltoudng dala. tag oC 2/3 /4 eas Y]o-sf2 Tusts [l2s5 eg year Eps logy log lo ii logy = _loga + logx* iil s logy= _loga+ blogz” eu, y= A+ Bx E a 3 Igy, y r : X oga-A 5 Y= fA_+BX Y= (3.69) 0.1685) eG! fib Bb . - @ x5 te q —(logx- x 2Y- nAakex ; : Eee ZK = AEX4 BEX2 y= (73.60 (L 165° a - & & ALSTON: REYNOARCH {FACADE REYNOARCH (OFACADEDate U0 saa tyy xz | ae - ly elope} Y= logy | XY |X os Lega ae 0. 7 5A GA + -ISTb = 6 1092 UF 7875 A_+ 6.19958 = 9-080 ‘T° pad Sohnng we get A= 0.643 B= Q.0 -b aa oe _t- because [b= B] |. — es ALSTON: REYNOARCH FACADE _ el 22 ALSTON: REYNOARCH y