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3 - Operator Overloading

3- Operator Overloading

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10 views4 pages

3 - Operator Overloading

3- Operator Overloading

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specsdeveloper13
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Kotlin Operator Overloading


Read Discuss Courses Practice

Since Kotlin provides user-defined types, it also provides the additional functionality to overload the standard
operators, so that working with user-defined types is easier. All of the unary, binary, relational operators can be
overloaded. The operators are overloaded either through the member functions or through extension functions.
These functions are preceded by the operator modifier. There are standard functions for every type of operator that
can be overloaded according to the usage.

Unary Operators –

The following table shows the various functions that can be defined for unary operators. These functions modify the
calling instance.

Operator expression Corresponding


function

+x x.unaryPlus()

-x x.unaryMinus()

!x x.not()

Here, x corresponds to the type for which the operator is defined. The overloaded functionality is defined within the
respective functions.

Kotlin program to demonstrate the unary operator overloading –

class UnaryOverload(var str:String) {


// overloading the function
operator fun unaryMinus() {
str = str.reversed()
}
}
// main function
fun main(args : Array<String>) {
val obj = UnaryOverload("HELLO")
println("Initial string is ${obj.str}")y
//calling the overloaded function unaryMinus()
-obj
println("String after applying unary operator ${obj.str}")
}

Output:

Initial string is HELLO


String after applying unary operator OLLEH

Increment and Decrement Operators –

The increment and decrement operator can be defined for a type through the following functions. These function
returns a new instance with the outcome of the expression.

Operator expression Corresponding


function

++x x.inc()

––x x.dec()

Either used in postfix or prefix notation these functions work well in both the cases, with the same expected output,
as one would expect when using prefix or postfix notations.

Kotlin program to demonstrate the operator overloading –

class IncDecOverload(var str:String) {


// overloading increment function
operator fun inc(): IncDecOverload {
val obj = IncDecOverload(this.str)
obj.str = obj.str + 'a'
return obj
}
// overloading decrement function
operator fun dec(): IncDecOverload {
val obj = IncDecOverload(this.str)
obj.str = obj.str.substring(0,obj.str.length-1)
return obj
}

override fun toString(): String {


return str
}
}
// main function
fun main(args: Array<String>) {
var obj = IncDecOverload("Hello")
println(obj++)
println(obj--)
println(++obj)
println(--obj)
}

Output:

Hello
Helloa
Helloa
Hello

Binary Operators –

The following table shows the binary operators and their equivalent functions to be defined. All these functions
modify the calling instance.

Operator expression Corresponding


function

x1 + x2 x1.plus(x2)

x1 – x2 x1.minus(x2)

x1 * x2 x1.times(x2)

x1/ x2 x1.div(x2)

x1 % x2 x1.rem(x2)

x1..x2 x1.rangeTo(x2)

Kotlin program to overload the plus function –

class Object(var objName: String) {


// Overloading the function
operator fun plus(b: Int) {
objName = "Name is $objName and data is $b"
}
override fun toString(): String {
return objName
}
}
// main function
fun main() {
val obj = Object("Chair")
// Calling the overloaded function
obj+9
println(obj)
}

Output:

Name is Chair and data is 9

Note- The relational operators do not have any specific functions to be defined, to use relational operators on
instances of a user-defined type, the type must implement the Comparable interface.

Other operators –

Kotlin supports a wide range of operators, hence defining each for a type is not a good programming practice. The
following table shows some of the other useful operators that can be overloaded is Kotlin.
Operator expression Corresponding
function

x1 in x2 x2.contains(x1)

x1 !in x2 !x2.contains(x1)

x[i] x.get(i)

x[i, j] x.get(i, j)

x[i] = b x.set(i, b)

x[i, j] = b x.set(i, j, b)

x() x.invoke()

x(i) x.invoke(i)

x(i, j) x.invoke(i, j)

x1 += x2 x1.plusAssign(x2)

x1 -= x2 x1.minusAssign(x2)

x1 *= x2 x1.timesAssign(x2)

x1 /= x2 x1.divAssign(x2)

x1 %= x2 x1.remAssign(x2)

Last Updated : 02 Aug, 2019 4

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