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    Generator Auxilairies

    Uploaded by

    Avinash
    Hydro power plant auxiliary

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Generator Auxilairies

    Uploaded by

    Avinash
    1 views21 pages
    Hydro power plant auxiliary

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

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    Hydro power plant auxiliary

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    1 views21 pages

    Generator Auxilairies

    Uploaded by

    Avinash
    Hydro power plant auxiliary

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 21

    Zachary R.

    Behrens, PE
    MWH Global
    Hands-On Relay School 2016
    Protective relays are only a portion of what is
    necessary to keep generators operating and
    healthy. This lecture will provide students with
    an overview of synchronous generator
    auxiliary systems. Areas of study include:
    governors, exciters, machine condition
    monitoring, lube systems, cooling systems and
    more.
     Governors
     Control Speed
     Exciters
     Control Voltage
     Machine Condition Monitor (MCM)
     Monitor Mechanical Systems
     Mechanical Auxiliary Systems
     Lubrication, Cooling, Control
     Oil, Water, Gas
     Primary Functions:
     Speed Regulation
     Starting and stopping
     Synchronization
     Loading and unloading the unit
     Types of Governors:
     Mechanical
     Electronic
     Custom Digital Systems
     PLC-based Systems
     Start-Up Operations:
     Control and check auxiliary system
     Start rotation
     Build speed to rated frequency
     Synchronize
     Synchronizing Operations:
     Match unit frequency to system frequency
     Adjust for bus slip
     Control phase angle
     Match unit voltage to system voltage
     If not done by exciter
     Close generator circuit breaker
     Can take the place of additional synchronizer
    equipment
     Online Operations:
     Speed regulation
     Power regulation
     Water flow regulation
     Loading and unloading
     Islanded
     System Failures:
     Speed sensors
     Gate position sensors
     Oil pressure
     Oil level
     Primary Functions:
     Generator Voltage Control
     Maintain Synchronism
     Maintain Operation within Generator Capabilities
     Secondary Functions:
     Field Flashing and Field Discharge
     VAR and PF Control
     Synchronizing
     Types of Exciters:
     Rotating (Permanent Magnet Generators)
     Externally-Supplied (Power System or MG Set)
     Shunt-Supplied (From Generator Terminals)
     Brushless
     Static
     Generator Voltage Control Operations:
     Control field current
     Automatic Voltage Regulation (AVR)
     Control voltage at generator terminals
     Power System Stabilizer (PSS)
     Dampen local and system frequency oscillations
     Primary Function:
     Mechanical Systems Monitoring
     Data Collection Software and Controller for to
    Detect Unexpected Failure in the Early Stages
     HMI
     Alarming and Tripping
     Trending Information
     Vibrations
     Orbital Plots
     Stator and Rotor Roundness
     MCM Typical Parameters:
     Bearing Vibration (Runout)
     X-Y Proximity Probes (Eddy Current)
     Thrust Bearing Oil Film Thickness
     Z Proximity Probe (Eddy Current)
     Head Cover and Draft Tube Vibration
     Accelerometers
     Turbine Blade Tip Clearance
     Proximity Probe (Eddy Current)
     MCM Typical Parameters (continued):
     Phase Reference
     Once per revolution indication
     Stator Frame Vibration
     Velocity or accelerometer
     Stator End Winding Vibration
     Air Gap Detection
     Distance between rotor and stator
     Capacitive Sensors
     MCM Typical Parameters (continued):
     Stator Winding Insulation Deterioration
     Small, High Frequency, Voltage Pulses
     Partial Discharge
     Additional Parameters:
     Wicket Gate and Blade Position
     Bearing, Stator and Rotor Temperatures
     Turbine Flow
     Cavitation
     Primary Function:
     Friction Reduction
     Prevents wear
     Removes heat
     Improves efficiency
     Typical Oil Systems:
     Bearing Lubrication and Cooling
     Hydraulic Control
     Governor
     Oil System Components:
     Tank
     Filter
     AC and DC Pumps
     Control, Distribution and Isolation Valves
     Indication, Control and Protection Measurements
     Pressure
     Level
     Flow
     Temperature
     Primary Function:
     Heat Reduction
     Improves efficiency
     Types of Cooling Systems:
     Gas
     Nitrogen, Hydrogen, etc.
     Air
     Fan, Natural Convection
     Water
     Heat Exchangers, Injection, etc.
     Cooling System Components:
     Air and Gas Cooling System
     Isolation valves, pressure switches/transducers,
    regulators and piping, motors, pumps, compressors
     Stator Cooling Water System
     Isolation valves, pressure switches/transducers,
    regulators and piping
     Directly Cooled Windings
     Requires de-ionized and de-mineralized water to lower
    conductivity

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