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VAILANKANI PUBLIC SCHOOL

CLASS :12 PRACTICE WORKSHEET ON ALTERNATING CURRENT

ENGLISH
The peak value of emf in ac is E0. Write its (i) rms, and (ii) average value over a complete cycle. 1
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2 The current flowing through a pure inductor of inductance 4mH is i = 12 cos 300 t ampere. What is (i) rms, and (ii)
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average value of the current for a complete cycle?

3 In a series LCR circuit, the voltages across an inductor, a capacitor and a resistor are 30 V, 30V and 60V respectively.
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What is the phase difference between the applied voltage and the current in the circuit?

4 Can a capacitor of suitable capacitance replace a inductor coil in an AC circuit? 1

5 When an alternating current is passed through a moving coil galvanometer, it shows no deflection. Why? 1

6 Which of the following curves may represent the reactance of a series LC combination?

7 In a series LCR circuit, VL = VC ≠ VR. What is the value of power factor? 1

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8 The instantaneous current and voltage of an ac circuit are given by I = 10 sin 314 t A and V = 50 sin (314 t + π/2)
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V. What is the power of dissipation in the circuit?

9 Is there are any device by which direct current can be controlled without any loss of energy? 1

10 A 110 V dc heater is used on an ac source, such that the heat produced is the same. What would be the value of
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the alternating voltage?

11 Can ever the rms value be equal to the peak value of an ac? 1

12 Does a step down transformer violate the principle of conservation of energy? 1

13 Why does a low power factor imply large power loss in transmission for circuits used for transporting electric
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power?

14 Show that the current leads the voltage in phase by π/2 in an ac circuit containing an ideal capacitor. 2

15 A capacitor C, a variable resistor R and a bulb B are connected in series to the ac mains in circuit as shown. The 2
bulb glows with some brightness. How will the glow of the bulb change if (i) a dielectric slab is introduced between
the plates of the capacitor, keeping resistance R to be the same; (ii) the resistance R is increased keeping the
same capacitance?
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16 A light bulb and an open coil inductor are connected to an ac source through a key as shown in the figure.

The switch is closed and after sometime, an iron rod is inserted into the
interior of the inductor. The glow of the light bulb (a) increases; (b) decreases; (c) is unchanged, as the
iron rod is inserted. Give your answer with reason. What will be your answer if ac source is replaced by a
dc source?
17 State the underlying principle of a transformer. How is the large scale transmission of electric energy over long
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distance done with the use of transformers ?

18 Write one use each of: (i) step down transformer, and (ii) step-up transformer. 2

19 In a series LCR circuit, obtain the conditions under which (i) the impedance of the circuit is minimum, and (ii)
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wattless current flows in the circuit.

20 Draw the graphs showing the variations of (i) inductive reactance, and (ii) capacitive reactance, with frequency of 2
applied voltages in ac circuit. How do the values of (i) inductive, and (ii) capacitive reactance change, when the
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frequency of applied voltage is tripled?

21 Define root mean square current. Also, obtain its expression. 3

22 A series LCR circuit is connected to an ac source. Using the phasor diagram, derive the expression for the
impedance of the circuit. Plot a graph to show the variation of current with frequency of the source, explaining the 3
nature of its variation.

23 (a) For a given ac, i = im sin ωt, show that the average power dissipated in a resistor R over a complete cycle is

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(b) A light bulb is rated at 100 W for a 220 V ac supply. Calculate the resistance of the bulb.

24 A voltage V = V0 sin ωt is applied to a series LCR circuit. Derive the expression for the average power dissipated
over a cycle.
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Under what condition is (i) no power dissipated even though the current flows through the circuit, (ii) maximum
power dissipated in the circuit?

25 A voltage V = Vm sin ωt is applied across an inductor. Determine the average power dissipated over a cycle. And,
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hence define wattless current.

26 When a circuit element X is connected across an ac source , a current of flows through it and this current is in
phase with the applied voltage. When another element Y is connected across the same ac source, the same

current flows in the circuit but it leads the voltage by radians.

(i) Name the circuit elements X and Y. 3
(ii) Find the current that flows in the circuit when the series combination of X and Y is connected across the same
ac voltage.
(iii) Plot a graph showing variation of the net impedance of this series combination of X and Y as a function of the
angular frequency of the applied voltage.
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27 Explain the term ‘inductive reactance’. Show graphically the variation of inductive reactance with frequency of the
applied alternating voltage. An ac voltage E = E0 sin wt is applied across a pure inductor of inductance L. Show 5
mathematically that the current flowing through it lags behind the applied voltage by a phase angle of π/2.

28 Explain the term ‘capacitive reactance’. Show graphically the variation of capacitive reactance with frequency of the
applied alternating voltage.
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An ac voltage E = Em sin wt is applied across a pure capacitor of capacitance C. Show mathematically that the
current flowing through it leads the applied voltage by a phase angle of π/2.

29 (a) What do you understand by sharpness of resonance in a series LCR circuit? Derive an expression for Q-
factor of the circuit.

(b) Three electrical circuits having ac sources of variable frequency are shown in the figure. Initially the current
flowing in each of these is same. If the frequency of the applied ac source is increased, how will the current
flowing in these circuits be affected? Give reason for your answer.

30 When 100 V dc is applied across a coil, a current of 1 A flows through it. When 100 V ac of 50 c/s are applied to the
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same coil only 0.5 A flows. Calculate the resistance, the impedance and the inductance of the coil.

31 Determine the current and quality factor at resonance for a series LCR circuit with L = 1.00 mH, C = 1.00 nF and R
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= 100 Ω connected to an ac source having peak voltage of 100 V.

32 An alternating current generator has an internal resistance Rg and an internal reactance Xg. It is used to supply 1
power to a passive load consisting of a resistance Rg and a reactance XL. For maximum power to be delivered from
the generator to the load, the value of XL is equal to
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(a) zero. (b) Xg.

(c) – Xg. (d) Rg.

33 Which of the following combinations should be selected for better tuning of an LCR circuit used for communication?
[NCERT Exemplar]
(a) R = 20 , L = 1.5 H, C = 35 μF.
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(b) R = 25 , L = 2.5 H, C = 45 μF.
(c) R = 15 , L = 3.5 H, C = 30 μF.
(d) R = 25 , L = 1.5 H, C = 45 μF.

34 An inductor of reactance 1 Ω and a resistor of 2 Ω are connected in series to the terminals of a 6 V (rms) a.c.
source. The power dissipated in the circuit is
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(a) 8 W. (b) 12 W.
(c) 14.4 W. (d) 18 W.

35 In an LCR-series ac circuit, the voltage across each of the component L, C and R is 50 V. The voltage across the
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LC-combination will be

36 In an a.c. generator, a coil with N turns, all of the same area A and total resistance R, rotates with frequency ω in a
magnetic field B the maximum value of emf generated in the coil is
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(a) NABR (b) NABω
(c) NABRω (d) NAB

37 The line that draws power supply to your house from street has 1
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(a) zero average current.

(b) 220 V average voltage.
(c) voltage and current out of phase by 90°.
(d) voltage and current are in phase.

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Average power generated in an inductor connected to an a.c. source is