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DBMS Class Notes-1

DBMS basics

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Yash Arya
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
68 views94 pages

DBMS Class Notes-1

DBMS basics

Uploaded by

Yash Arya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
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COCTC ORCC SOAROOHOARE CHES RAVAN Acsp compite ACT Aro G Comput, At rom Pt ate @ ee ae &* Gome ae oes “ _ _ GB sce \ BoAée: ADo6 oy 8 © Bee 28CD0E = FABCDE both axe equivalent Typa dt hous 2 Pray by 4 Compotins P , 3) Candiaat nf “4 4) Sapex eu 5) Surrogate key 9) Foasign key Prainasy asey feu : ~unigut value column ' = mol mutt column Q ~ only | V key pec table i! enfoseu entity valagnity | Cormporite 1° key: <1 leap eth oF ox! atts. | reprannty in, Fromaston toble. i : 7 | _ Cho thio. P 5 date. eldie = | to! |" to ; | uo | Candidate ky SM eat Mowe erefmose | UrKgeL VoL gE COLUM wna table, eh (a wren can be elected os le Ir key Jor a fable. and thee alternative kot au l¢ Oe eaRe RT AAA 4 ue au unable bh Ident te yon exh colt Yat da ab i” 4 A usogets “ey. yo Foaergn kay uted to sinptomerh Ayuun bol inugarity “tan be a nutt tolwnn Veht0 2) J2014 21] ave | ax) )10 -ue tan howe amone than | Goreign bay .in a Lable S Foxsign key ahd raft 9 alivoye prcienary | athe sn ih own fable or in Some otnur fable- L eooocoeoooeaeoee @ Ly Ff owyine ome UOT acu Pokey ! ‘ 2 o | — sine jope— = mae ue _ r 4 d 3 5 é 3 8 bow many adetel Locus 4 8 I S i 3 d oH 4 ! LXx5 3 | Ss x x7 3 & x i> a, >B me $0 FocH Ate ABCOH 4 —> BCOH R= ABcDEH C0 aT Abc | C0>€ ; 86 | 2Q>pAet : ABy 38D {DH BE i Ate ape | Dt spacu re, | have fo be sumoud if yl Li teas Totally 5 dou have tebe Aemoved 19 omy orate con tdenhby al abt tan hs by Single Les Quabjaind town + ae ! A D< — Supprtey | Cc p- al - BO | | | (3) Re ABcoE -[s Ope . 7 BOE “Bet = BCE i€ + FQ 24 fot egg £ 4 Apt. AB € Bot -@D € jADt = ADB e " 6cpt 2 BéDEA Cex) \€ Aco aw by cope uk e : ( necpe - ° ()- > BPE by AC pepe ae ? \e 2 a COX 3 ky e i | \ C Y, e ( Agp—e a AB & A a BOF ¢ cos ; e CTL @ qGou e a ie Bt eet le C+ecgL ] Mow 2 athn; : Apt = ABGeH, induces maferily of ot. CJ -coL _ Ae BGIFHCII Appt 2 ABGFHOE ABCD, 2 ARGHFEQT : B i Z PlG4h ss OX2D sy ADB E Sep Boo Gans Boe Total Gune dapienduney Pe P+. wwe Fis cowved from sagan’ and Fa u duuved Pom by, Fa ilp tov nowmaizadbion Prvocu s, Betore Modung a Move tp Bu Yolouung, wa )) tdundant Sune clipendunny 4) redundant Ut hand attr 3) tudundant nught hand aspr- Novmatnatton ux ‘have to ovateat eh e era AE Grom A) 3, 45/6 c sot! | xemove vom " Jom 8,3, 4,5) a a : A487 ‘i _ remove ©; eompute ct Grom 1,3,419/6 ' » OAX tee : + D5gk remy @, compu Bt Prom 1,2)4,516 eee OF soc : i 6 kesow - Tune. By Compate. OF From 11,3 5,6 - i ‘ iyouductble tet saove ©, tompule D+ from 1,2, AU6 D AB 1 temp 1243, e548 07 - 964, Don i t doe _ — sep. @—-ermp vite} From 2, rs : tf AC=D Bet =.peRc Sip. sumove A : ao 28 As seduurdoved Sak” ¢ C38 CB i Br a au O96 D3 aca0 | Reso j ct eB ccoAB \ mot enwvolellt —¢0 cart hemove A | remove ‘0! i . AsB | ASB = cB C38 a Dap 035A DAC 02Cc Acad Ried Aten Ate ABCD # Sepa Sa ae a SO OOO ROTHMAN SM Q. al Yep 2: a Ab aC aol Hep a: po | eejm atts enct-| Ronave D, empute ABY from a3 | A>6 ® ABeC ABt=AB i < @ cre Remove ®, compute chs ford 115 @® A+>s etec ' Romeve @ pampute a Prom a fo i Atop Sipe R damove B Ko-vc pe Re 3¢ ASC c= _ ee 3B :. C38: a) . AaB AVE = At-cop — at Ate AB Tey —seerove O—tomp wtr-eb fyem yb et.c tenove © tompat 4+ “El req fle C5. J} Ase | op a: Att | Remove Cb & wmpat & trom ie @ EE poe To Unk amt. comet SS equivatin che ‘yt hand. ede sunavel — skp 3 MP hand tid —ekp a Claseidi cation 64 FOr Panta POs Tranitive (Ds Fu func dep encuncy D Posen eT men kay Cub tebuLbes ut cupend fohabty en pswinany ott but,” R= ABCD AB 2c ' | B20 (pouty dependant on AB.) : ' keys AB a #946 ieee ate Under she Jottowe cireumdanen a table % ano partia Rependunais : . ai OI Pe eorttste— sige ale B\ 0 table Bor anty 9 atte. “Transihive set I] thou 4 a sulatin amg monkey abt, then ib hrorsihve dependency. a REP BCD AB 26 tp | Key AB J cy | Ag Co | GL faa AB thd hawe edontified 0 : - ” but C-2D. met ABD. Under Br | otinue oreumitancy nn hansibve 4) 19 toble toms iste only Q attr: b) 14 oth ott sin a habb is past d} prin kay ABCO my 6 2c AR ED c-20, Moan’) 0 268 ——__, non kay attr teantifis & Bc30 Jou it a dipendancy 6 the frm XY fran the xumoval atty/ otter wm X sake XY snvalid - Nonmotigaion Too . Jt i an walnation fol 45 evaluarr foaie clatabase dusign white auechon , aetshion § modification problems. in oO pxnouut A suotureing secluncancy tip tiring an etm pret — DOSCHOAGCHSSCHSHSOSRAHRHROSHTHANAEHOHABAN ME OKJue PD mw ap xp 30 Partial eutivend Join Tnlasion Temp lasts ane ANF 5NF 3NF Bene aru euion, deterion , upclastion anomatis Pots Rejor Table Fro fname & Dame HOD thong oO IN pe ple ’ File Prose Q On Drom HOD Sireryh. ; i ~ - Eee GE - 60 . i a - =. te “ece AREY Go - | cce 324 Nosumal form. i ! | QNF:i A fable Yo dn ANF, IY 4H abycrodly sn INE and eho be Qu pum partiol June. dapendaneiu. v 2493. as. Fr Pb R.- ABCOEPGH IT A-0€ (Pp) . Bar (po) [ ~ =F 6tt—— = aa 4 D»It \« @ key: a0 - [¢ —H.,, 3 £ ApecoOkE GH TT e ar N e —— — 4 > x ie use, clonwu mausnod “ At ADETI ® Bt: Bee : « ‘« « je le Note: e 19 ahvu at 0» partial dapendaney, sxsore prially te dependunt atin noma onigenal toble alg oth copy of le iy dubuuminome - oy 40) AB Bac C+D °) SNF e BENE ‘Mts Fabre mmol equal its can becrenvved. FU Noamar nevry @ Aa AB05AC ChE OSB FO eee Bae 4 Sep ts s+ bkp a: oer @ Avot = ABocpree ABD aCe ABOte Ee: sist CBW, C->EX 7 i ABDGEF Coming) AD 2B -Cteck. (mo BD ADF @ > ct BE -(E prauwisd BoEwm ® sot. aor. (me 6) a © aot ADB CE (ro F) @ 8t=B twed a. ABDC : 0-28 A0>B ADoE B+E Remove A — | ‘ABDC Bde ge ae ee AD>C : ABD->¢ C76 -\ cop ~ Boog nO i &0>B Pee es Ao >F O5F 1 Bae - BoE Boe: ee Giup (Rowgstne, bt. @0BF ° Cook serovar BOt-B0E | Botencgg| AD% AOCBEF : | a3) Ase ABE>CDGH clap ‘ DS Sasa EF / Biep t dep a | Aone | © Ate ACGOG (wo8) | Aex. 81 @® ateagr moc | ABE -SD¥ © Apet= ABEDGHEC (eH ABE — Gre @ ABEt= ABE CGIHDF (atl) noe — re © Reet = ABECDHGF AU) a © Abet = ABECDGF (rok) Dog =O ct=Cpa Earp © ctl Ww © Ot-p wh 6 § E+=E mor A AWB AC AGE 2H cp wi: 498 DaG Pn Arc GF Act=AEBCE Ag H Bet- BEF ; C0 y fet enenct Aumove © ae : Apt = BRLOGH Ear te, ed “oat & He . ; . nA re 4 RB caD ; 0+ - GF. rea — SCOCCCOCOPC OHTA ERRAAAE OHARA MRA ME © ~ BCD5A Bose Aare erpae BcOt BCDE no A ee Btn cap PROF wo AG c+ non wi BCD A AuMoue D: BCE BC> BCAEF GD Mot egoul. A2F dun C2 FoG 8p+ = BDAFG C2D dun Bs 8 Cbs ‘BctBcEDA 8ot+- 6D Cot-co BC+ A 8CaE AF Foca C30 \! 86) Re ABCDE : Beye 34) A+ 6 ‘ | Mowe ‘ . i ABE > COGH + ‘ 6 iL ae fete @eDe es i D>Gi i i E>F qed | . b) avr Ky AE , At sous Acts REGPFFINL Bre b) ane At ABCGO re ane Sa e) Atrams sulla “ABC 2G cae EF Ae . D- Sapa ABE ce 2c Ge e Ae Rave Abc OG COO ER AER A AB D * oye BCNF- 3%) AB CDE : ASC ABCDE cD boy: AB b) pt = Aco Bt Ab: ~R: ABCDEF AFC C20. Be Oley: AB ® at. arco at. ae Bemper Ra. BE Ra. AB. ISS. 7. Re ABCDE Boe Cp : A>B @) Ry: ng b) At saBe | Pope ©) Re ABCOERGHIT AB = BOOEF oA a ArL Hot Penn ty: ABO Apt . aBCT Bot: BOEF R= AacoEra HIT FiO’ 2 AOGIHIT at 2 AT ——R\-AT ————. R, = AB CE at = 6 —Ra- Bac \ 6 Ra = BD EF << p+ Ry = AD GHIT CAT AL Bee TS Ra: ABD Finatly, AT ABC BocF Adal Asp See Veen ee rad hn eek) solitary, alan ay uA QNF and ghd be que guom Hramai ive apencanciat Nok: 19 whee a transitive dependancy , surove hrangitiv' dependent ‘attr om anf table G pla sn separate table Q:25, R= BEIT Drs Rye ran f KOE : _ ~ a _ BF R3 = ABC ae eeeeenaeaene iG7e7e1e@ 16) e710) 010) 016 «(ee Rye Be en A~>EC 8 AcE AB avy Ra-6€ Ae ae 2 ; 4 hehO Be RE Ate aren — ee ~ etree Whe deerpoting Gniveual Lobts 7p Ue Coe mo di teatin problem Bertond BNF 44 wwe mate a Tove, there peeobtens ace De Sanuhinw (Oe UU invite ero ad di tio nag prob Lens Theatore tay ‘runt be voujied in Bene and buona thak . They sn: © Lott Loy goon px puily meng) 8 Depenatoney Preserving property ophionat) hostess oun Propet i A eeamposition 1 tard a be tonbers 49 tng Q all de competition = wniveual relations. (euiginal table eLimin oad ! Rz 7,68) po MR) a Mp CR) ~ onset | Re Tack) ov aCe)... 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