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Figure 5-20 The arms swing in a natural rhythm to the gait
of the lower limb.
confirmation after the adjustment is provided to the validity of the isolation. Neuronal connections between the lower limb and the lower spine are well documented in the pathways of leg length reactivity. The correlation of neuronal activity has also been shown between lower and upper limbs, along with the learned patterns in feed forward and feedback mechanisms involvement that are processed at the level of cortical involvement. AM includes Isolation Tests for each individual vertebra; these can be revealed as leg length reactivity if a neural component system error is present. Early in the chapter it was stated, "The segmental mechanical control between the vertebrae are from the actions of the multifidus, intertransversarii and interspinales muscles, but their role may be more proprioceptive of the forces exerted and therefore more involved in the feedback mechanisms which occurs in concert with the mechanoreceptors." Additionally, intervertebral segments may be found outside of the neutral zone and may have altered biomechanics as the result of processes such as disc degeneration, disc herniation, and spondylosis. These are some of the contributing factors to neuroarticular dysfunction that manifests as leg length reactivity. Figure 5-21 Walking involves coordinated input from central pattern generators, right to left interneurons, and upper to lower limb reflexes. Clinically, joint instability occurs as "nervoussystem errors" and as the presence of "neuroarticular dysfunction." After analyzing the research in regard to neurological connections and muscular function, now the definitions of spinal instability causes and factors relative to leg length reactivity will be considered in the subsequent research. Definitions relevant to this have been addressed by PanjabL 167 The neutral zone is "that part of the range of physiological intervertebral motion, measured from the neutral position, within which the spinal motion is produced with a minimal internal resistance. It is the zone of high flexibility or laxity." Neutral position is "the posture of the spine in which the overall internal stresses in the spinal column and the muscular effort to hold the posture are minimal." Range of motion is considered the entire range of the physiological intervertebral motion, measured from the neutral position. It is divided into two parts: neutral and elastic zones. The elastic zone is that part of the physiological intervertebral motion, measured from the end of the neutral zone up to the physiological limit. Within the elastic zone, spinal motion is
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