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91 views

PDF Linear Equation

Uploaded by

Pranay Jain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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LOTUS VALLEY INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, NOIDA

CLASS X – CHAPTER 3
LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Q1. Solve the following pair of linear equations:
a) ax + by = a - b , bx – ay = a + b
b) (a + 2b) x + (2a - b) y = 2 (a - 2b) x + (2a + b) y = 3
c) (a - b)x + (a + b) y = a2 - 2ab - b2 (a + b) (x+y) = a2 + b2
d) ax - by = 2ab , − =𝑎+𝑏
e) 9x – 10y = 21 𝑥− 𝑦=
f) 2(𝑎𝑥 −𝑏𝑦) + (𝑎 + 4𝑏) = 0; 2(𝑏𝑥 + 𝑎𝑦) +(𝑏 − 4𝑎) = 0
2 2
g) mx - ny = m + n x - y = 2n
h) 43x + 67y = -24 67x+43y=24
i) x/a - y/b = (a- b) x/a2 - y/b2 = 0
j) b2x/a - a2y/b = ab ( a + b) b2 x - a2y = 2a2 b2
k) 21x + 47y = 110 47x +21y = 162
Q2. Given below are three linear equations. Two of them have infinitely many solutions and two have a unique
solution. State the pairs: 4x -5y =3, 8x - 10y = 6, 5x - 4y = 5
Q3. Determine the value of k so that the following pairs of equations are inconsistent
(3k + 1) x + 3y -2 = 0 (k2 + 1) x + (k - 2) y - 5 =0
Q4. By comparing the ratios a1/a2, b1/b2 and c1/c2, find out for what value (s) of α, the lines representing the
following equations have a unique solution, no solution or infinitely many solutions: αx + 3y = α - 3 12x +
αy = α
Q5. If 1 is added to each of the given two numbers, then their ratio is 1:2. If 5 is subtracted from each of the
numbers, then their ratio is 5:11. Find the numbers.
Q6. The ratio of the incomes of two persons is 9:7 and the ratio of their expenditures is 4:3. If each of them
Saves Rs.200 per month, find their monthly incomes.
Q7. A person starts his job with a certain monthly salary and earns a fixed increment every year. If his salary
was Rs.4500 after 4 years of service and Rs.5700 after 12 years of service, find his initial salary and the
annual increment.
Q8. Seven times a 2- digit number is equal to four times the number obtained by reversing the order of the
digits. If the sum of both the digits is 9, find the number.
Q9. A number consists of two digits. When the number is divided by the sum of its digits, the quotient is 7. If
27 is subtracted from the number, the digits interchange their places. Find the number.
Q10. A father’s age is three times the sum of the ages of his two children. After 5 years, his age will be two
times the sum of their ages. Find the present age of the father. (CBSE 2019)
Q11. The students of a class are made to stand in rows. If 3 students are extra in a row, there would be 1 row
less. If 3 students are less in a row, there would be 2 rows more. Find the number of students in the class.
Q12. Find c if the system of equations cx + 3y + (3 – c) = 0 and 12x + cy – c = 0 has infinitely many solutions.
(CBSE 2019)

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS


Q13. Solve the following system of linear equations graphically.
a) 2x + 3y = 12 b) 2x + 4y - 10 = 0 2y - 1 = x 3x + 6y - 12 = 0
Q14. Draw the graph of the system of equations x+ y=5 and 2x -y +2 =0. Shade the region 2 bounded by these
lines and the x- axis. Find the area of the shaded region.
Q15. From a pair of linear equations in two variables using the following information and solve it graphically:
Five years ago, Sagar was twice as old as Tiru. Ten year later Sagar’s age will be ten years more than Tiru’s
age. Find their present ages. What was the age of Sagar when Tiru was born?
Q16. Ankita travels 14 km to her home partly by rickshaw and partly by bus. She takes half an hour if she
travels 2 km by rickshaw and the remaining distance by bus. On the other hand, if she travels 4 km by
rickshaw and the remaining distance by bus, she takes 9 minutes longer. Find the speed of the rickshaw and
of the bus.
Q17. Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason
(R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(C) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

(i) Assertion: The graph of the linear equations 3x+2y=12 and 5x-2y=4 gives a pair of intersecting lines.
Reason: The graph of linear equations a1x+b1y+c1=0 and a2x+b2y+c2=0 gives a pair of intersecting lines if
a1/a2 ≠ b1/b2
(ii) Assertion: If the pair of lines are coincident, then we say that pair of lines is consistent and it has a unique
solution.
Reason: If the pair of lines are parallel, then the pairs has no solution and is called inconsistent pair of
equations.
(iii) Assertion: The number of common solutions for the system of linear equations 5x+4y+6=0 and
10x+8y=12 is zero.
Reason: The graph of linear equations a1x+b1y+c1=0 and a2x+b2y+c2=0 gives a pair of intersecting lines if
a1/a2 ≠ b1/b2
(iv) Assertion: The value of q = ±2, if x = 3, y = 1 is the solution of the line 2x + y - q 2 – 3 = 0.
Reason: The solution of the line will satisfy the equation of the line.
(v)Assertion: The value of k for which the system of linear equations kx – y = 2 and 6x – 2y = 3 has a unique
solution is 3.
Reason: The graph of linear equations a1x+b1y+c1=0 and a2x+b2y+c2=0 gives a pair of intersecting lines if
a1/a2 ≠ b1/b2
Q18. Case Study Questions.
The scissors which is so common in our daily life use, its blades represent the graph of linear equations.

Let the blades of a scissor are represented by the system of linear equations:
x + 3y = 6 and 2x – 3y = 12
(i) The pivot point (point of intersection) of the blades represented by the linear equation x + 3y = 6 and
2x – 3y = 12 of the scissor is ___________.
(ii) Find the points at which linear equations x + 3y = 6 and 2x – 3y = 12 intersect y – axis respectively.
(iii) Find the number of solution of the system of linear equations x + 2y – 8 = 0 and 2x + 4y = 16.
(iv) If (1, 2) is the solution of linear equations ax + y = 3 and 2x + by = 12, then find the values of a and b
respectively.
(v) If a pair of linear equations in two variables is consistent, then the lines represented by two equations
are ___________________ lines.

ANSWERS
1. a) x = 1, y = -1 b) x = (5b - 2a)/10ab, y = (a+10b)/10ab c) x = a + b, y = -2ab/(a + b)
d) x = b, y = -a e) equations have infinite solutions f) x = -1/2 , y = 2
g) x = m + n, y = m - n h) x =1 , y = -1 i) x = a2 , y = b2 j) x = a 2 , y = -b 2
k) x = 3 and y = 1 3. k = -1, k ≠ 19/2 4. Unique sol: α≠6 or -6, No solution: α= -6, Infinitely: α = 6
5. 35, 71 6. Rs. 1800, Rs. 1400 7. Rs. 3900, Rs. 150 8. 36 9. 63
10. 45 11. 36 12. 6 15. Sagar’s age = 5 years and Tiru’s age = 15 years
16. 10 km/hr, 40 km/h 18. (i) x = 6 and y = 0 (ii) (0,2) and (0,-4) (iii) infinite solution
(iv) a = 1 and b = 5 (v) intersecting or coincident

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