Department of Information Technology 2024-25

EXPERIMENT NO.1
AIM- Creating tables and inserting data in them.

CODE –

mysql> CREATE DATABASE KAPIL;

mysql> USE KAPIL;

Database changed

mysql> CREATE TABLE STUDENTS(

-> ID int,

-> NAME varchar(200),

-> ADDRESS varchar(200),

-> COURSE varchar(200));

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO STUDENTS VALUES(1,"ROHIT","XYZ","B-TECH");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO STUDENTS VALUES(2,"SHYAM","EFE","M-TECH");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO STUDENTS VALUES(3,"MUKU","DSF","B-TECH");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO STUDENTS VALUES(4,"JOKER","FSF","M-TECH");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO STUDENTS VALUES(5,"LUKA","DDSF","B-TECH");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO STUDENTS VALUES(6,”KRISH","SDFEGF","B-TECH");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

KAPIL KUMAR IT-2 2200910130091

Department of Information Technology 2024-25

mysql> INSERT INTO STUDENTS VALUES(7,"KAPIL","DSFF","B-TECH");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

TABLE-

ID NAME ADDRESS COURSE

1 ROHIT XYZ B-TECH
2 SHYAM EFE M-TECH

3 MUKU DSF B-TECH

4 JOKER FSF M-TECH

5 LUKA DDSF B-TECH
6 KRISH SDFEGF B-TECH
7 KAPIL DSFF B-TECH

KAPIL KUMAR IT-2 2200910130091

Department of Information Technology 2024-25

EXPERIMENT NO. 2
AIM - Using SELECT Command for retrieving data from tables.

CODE-

KAPIL MISHRA IT-2 2300910139004

Department of Information Technology 2024-25

KAPIL MISHRA IT-2 2300910139004

Department of Information Technology 2024-25

EXPERIMENT NO. 3
AIM-Aim: To understand and use

a) DML Commands UPDATE and DELETE

b) Transaction Control Statements COMMIT, ROLLBACK and SAVEPOINT.

CODE-

mysql> UPDATE STUDENTS SET ADDRESS="DELHI" WHERE COURSE = "M-TECH";

Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.07 sec)

Rows matched: 2 Changed: 2 Warnings: 0

mysql> SELECT * FROM STUDENTS;

+ + + + +

| ID | NAME | ADDRESS | COURSE |

+ + + + +

| 1 | ROHIT | XYZ | B-TECH |

| 2 | SHYAM | DELH I | M-TECH |

| 3 | MUKU | DSF | B-TECH |

| 4 | JOKER | DELHI | M-TECH |

| 5 | LUKA | DDSF | B-TECH |

| 6 | KRISH | SDFEGF | B-TECH |

| 7 | KAPIL | DSFF | B-TECH |

+ + + + +

7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> DELETE FROM STUDENTS WHERE NAME="LUKA";

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM STUDENTS;

+ + + + +

| ID | NAME | ADDRESS | COURSE |

KAPIL MISHRA IT-2 2300910139004

Department of Information Technology 2024-25

+ + + + +

| 1 | ROHIT | XYZ | B-TECH |

| 2 | SHYAM | DELHI | M-TECH |

| 3 | MUKU | DSF | B-TECH |

| 4 | JOKER | DELHI | M-TECH |

| 6 | KRISH | SDFEGF | B-TECH |

| 7 | KAPIL | DSFF | B-TECH |

+ + + + +

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SET AUTOCOMMIT = FALSE;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> DELETE FROM STUDENTS;

Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM STUDENTS;

Empty set (0.00 sec)

mysql> ROLLBACK;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM STUDENTS;

+ + + + +

| ID | NAME | ADDRESS | COURSE |

+ + + + +

| 1 | ROHIT | XYZ | B-TECH |

| 2 | SHYAM | DELHI | M-TECH |

| 3 | MUKU | DSF | B-TECH |

| 4 | JOKER | DELHI | M-TECH |

| 6 | KRISH | SDFEGF | B-TECH |

KAPIL MISHRA IT-2 2300910139004

Department of Information Technology 2024-25

EXPERIMENT NO.4
AIM-Retrieving data using Join and Set operators

CODE-

(JOIN)
mysql> CREATE TABLE PARENTS(

-> ID int,

-> PNAME varchar(100),

-> MOBILE varchar(100));

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.14 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO PARENTS VALUES(1,"MAHI",7639);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO PARENTS VALUES(2,"KRIS",3253);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO PARENTS VALUES(3,"EFST",3532);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO PARENTS VALUES(4,"JHON",3892);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO PARENTS VALUES(5,"BAT",9111);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO PARENTS VALUES(7,"RAHUL",5742);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> DELETE FROM PARENTS WHERE ID = 7;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

KAPIL MISHRA IT-2 2300910139004

Department of Information Technology 2024-25

mysql> INSERT INTO PARENTS VALUES(6,"RAHUL",5742);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO PARENTS VALUES(7,"GIRI",4667);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT* FROM PARENTS;

+ + + +
| ID | PNAME | MOBILE |

+ + + +

| 1 | MAHI | 7639 |

| 2 | KRIS | 3253 |

| 3 | EFST | 3532 |

| 4 | JHON | 3892 |

| 5 | BAT | 9111 |

| 6 | RAHUL | 5742 |

| 7 | GIRI | 4667 |

+ + + +

7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT STUDENTS.ID,STUDENTS.NAME,PARENTS.PNAME FROM STUDENTS

-> INNER JOIN PARENTS

-> ON STUDENTS.ID=PARENTS.ID;

+ + + +

| ID | NAME | PNAME |

+ + + +

| 1 | ROHIT | MAHI |

| 2 | SHYAM | KRIS |
| 3 | MUKU | EFST |
| 4 | JOKER | JHON |
| 6 | KRISH | RAHUL |

| 7 | KAPIL | GIRI |

KAPIL MISHRA IT-2 2300910139004

Department of Information Technology 2024-25

mysql> SELECT * FROM STUDENTS

-> UNION
-> SELECT * FROM PARENTS;

ERROR 1222 (21000): The used SELECT statements have a different number of columns
mysql> SELECT NAME FROM STUDENTS

-> UNION
-> SELECT MOBILE FROM PARENTS;
+ +

| NAME |

+ +

| ROHIT |

| SHYAM |

| MUKU |

| JOKER |

| KRISH |

| KAPIL |

| 7639 |

| 3253 |

| 3532 |

| 3892 |

| 9111 |

| 5742 |

| 4667 |

+ +

13 rows in set (0.00 sec)

KAPIL MISHRA IT-2 2300910139004

Department of Information Technology 2024-25

EXPERIMENT NO. -5
AIM

To understand and implement Integrity Constraints using the following DDL commands

a) CREATE TABLE Command

b) ALTER TABLE Command.

CODE

mysql> CREATE TABLE librarian(

-> bookID int(100) PRIMARY KEY,

-> b_name varchar(100) NOT NULL,

-> orderDATE varchar(100) NOT NULL,

-> price int(50),

-> CHECK (bookID % 10 = 0));

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.04 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO librarian VALUES(10,'mms','17aug2004',1000);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO librarian VALUES(11,'mms','17aug2004',1000);

ERROR 3819 (HY000): Check constraint 'librarian_chk_1' is violated.

mysql> INSERT INTO librarian VALUES(20,'harry potter','17sep1990',101);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO librarian VALUES(30,'JOJO','15sep1980',502);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO librarian VALUES(40,'TECH','20march2015',350);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO librarian VALUES(50,'PSY','9nov1969',900);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

KAPIL KUMAR IT-2 2200910130091

Department of Information Technology 2024-25

mysql> INSERT INTO librarian VALUES(60,'CHEM','9dec1987',600);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> CREATE TABLE readers(

-> bookID int(100) PRIMARY KEY,

-> readID int(100) NOT NULL,

-> name varchar(100) NOT NULL,

-> issueDATE varchar(100) NOT NULL,

-> CONSTRAINT fk_bookID FOREIGN KEY (bookID) REFERENCES librarian(bookID));

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.04 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO readers VALUES(10,121,'mukund','23nov2024');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO readers VALUES(20,132,'salman','23nov2024');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO readers VALUES(43,131,'rishab','23nov2024');

ERROR 1452 (23000): Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails
(`mukund`.`readers`, CONSTRAINT `fk_bookID` FOREIGN KEY (`bookID`) REFERENCES `librarian`
(`bookID`))

mysql> INSERT INTO readers VALUES(30,131,'rishab','23nov2024');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO readers VALUES(40,99,'kali','21nov2024');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO readers VALUES(50,199,'lalo','21nov2024');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO readers VALUES(60,121,'mukund','21nov2024');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

KAPIL KUMAR IT-2 2200910130091

Department of Information Technology 2024-25

mysql> SELECT * FROM librarian;

+ + + + +

| bookID | b_name | orderDATE | price |

+ + + + +

| 10 | mms | 17aug2004 | 1000 |

| 20 | harry potter | 17sep1990 | 101 |

| 30 | JOJO | 15sep1980 | 502 |

| 40 | TECH | 20march2015 | 350 |

| 50 | PSY | 9nov1969 | 900 |

| 60 | CHEM | 9dec1987 | 600 |

+ + + + +

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM readers;

+ + + + +

| bookID | readID | name | issueDATE |

+ + + + +

| 10 | 121 | mukund | 23nov2024 |

| 20 | 132 | salman | 23nov2024 |

| 30 | 131 | rishab | 23nov2024 |

| 40 | 99 | kali | 21nov2024 |

| 50 | 199 | lalo | 21nov2024 |

| 60 | 121 | mukund | 21nov2024 |

+ + + + +

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> ALTER TABLE librarian

-> CHANGE b_name book_name varchar(100);

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)

Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

KAPIL KUMAR IT-2 2200910130091

Department of Information Technology 2024-25

mysql> SELECT * FROM librarian ;

+ + + + +

| bookID | book_name | orderDATE | price |

+ + + + +

| 10 | mms | 17aug2004 | 1000 |

| 20 | harry potter | 17sep1990 | 101 |

| 30 | JOJO | 15sep1980 | 502 |

| 40 | TECH | 20march2015 | 350 |

| 50 | PSY | 9nov1969 | 900 |

| 60 | CHEM | 9dec1987 | 600 |

+ + + + +

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> ALTER TABLE readers

-> MODIFY name varchar(50);

Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.06 sec)

Records: 6 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> SELECT * FROM readers;

+ + + + +

| bookID | readID | name | issueDATE |

+ + + + +

| 10 | 121 | mukund | 23nov2024 |

| 20 | 132 | salman | 23nov2024 |

| 30 | 131 | rishab | 23nov2024 |

| 40 | 99 | kali | 21nov2024 |

| 50 | 199 | lalo | 21nov2024 |

| 60 | 121 | mukund | 21nov2024 |

+ + + + +

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

KAPIL KUMAR IT-2 2200910130091

Department of Information Technology 2024-25

EXPERIMENT NO- 6
AIM : To use aggregate functions in SQL.

CODE-

SELECT * FROM librarian;

+ + + + +

| bookID | b_name | orderDATE | price |

+ + + + +

| 10 | mms | 17aug2004 | 1000 |

| 20 | harry potter | 17sep1990 | 101 |

| 30 | JOJO | 15sep1980 | 502 |

| 40 | TECH | 20march2015 | 350 |

| 50 | PSY | 9nov1969 | 900 |

| 60 | CHEM | 9dec1987 | 600 |

+ + + + +

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT MIN(price)

-> FROM librarian;

+ +

| MIN(price) |

+ +

| 101 |

+ +

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT MAX(price)

-> FROM librarian;

+ +

| MAX(price) |

+ +

| 1000 |

KAPIL KUMAR IT-2 2200910130091

Department of Information Technology 2024-25

+ +

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT AVG(price)

-> FROM librarian;

+ +

| AVG(price) |

+ +

| 575.5000 |

+ +

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT SUM(price)

-> FROM librarian;

+ +

| SUM(price) |

+ +

| 3453 |

+ +

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

SELECT COUNT(price)

-> FROM librarian;

+ +

| COUNT(price) |

+ +

| 6|

+ +

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM librarian

-> ORDER BY price DESC;

+ + + + +

| bookID | book_name | orderDATE | price |

KAPIL KUMAR IT-2 2200910130091

Department of Information Technology 2024-25

+ + + + +

| 10 | mms | 17aug2004 | 1000 |

| 50 | PSY | 9nov1969 | 900 |

| 60 | CHEM | 9dec1987 | 600 |

| 30 | JOJO | 15sep1980 | 502 |

| 40 | TECH | 20march2015 | 350 |

| 20 | harry potter | 17sep1990 | 101 |

+ + + + +

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

KAPIL KUMAR IT-2 2200910130091

Department of Information Technology 2024-25

EXPERIMENT NO-7
AIM - To write nested subqueries and correlated subqueries.

CODE
mysql> SELECT * FROM readers ;
+ + + + +
| bookID | readID | name | issueDATE |

+ + + + +

| 10 | 121 | mukund | 23nov2024 |

| 20 | 132 | salman | 23nov2024 |
| 30 | 131 | rishab | 23nov2024 |
| 40 | 99 | kali | 21nov2024 |
| 50 | 199 | lalo | 21nov2024 |
| 60 | 121 | mukund | 21nov2024 |

+ + + + +
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT * FROM readers

-> WHERE issueDATE =(

-> SELECT issueDATE FROM readers
-> WHERE name= 'rishab')
-> AND name !='rishab';
+ + + + +

| bookID | readID | name | issueDATE |

+ + + + +
| 10 | 121 | mukund | 23nov2024 |
| 20 | 132 | salman | 23nov2024 |
+ + + + +

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

KAPIL KUMAR IT-2 2200910130091

Department of Information Technology 2024-25

mysql> SELECT readers.name, readers.bookID, librarian.price

-> FROM readers
-> JOIN librarian ON readers.bookID = librarian.bookID

-> WHERE librarian.price >(

-> SELECT AVG(price)
-> FROM librarian )
-> ORDER BY librarian.price DESC;
+ + + +

| name | bookID | price |

+ + + +
| mukund | 10 | 1000 |
| lalo | 50 | 900 |

| mukund | 60 | 600 |
+ + + +
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

KAPIL KUMAR IT-2 2200910130091

Department of Information Technology 2024-25

EXPERIMENT NO-8
AIM -To create a) Indexes , b) Views

indexes CODE-

mysql> CREATE INDEX idx_lib

-> ON librarian(bookID,price);

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)

Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> CREATE INDEX idx_read

-> ON readers(bookID);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)

Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> CREATE UNIQUE INDEX RED

-> ON readers(bookID,name);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

views

mysql> CREATE VIEW simple AS

-> SELECT bookID,name
-> FROM readers;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM simple;

+ + +
| bookID | name |
+ + +
| 10 | mukund |

KAPIL KUMAR IT-2 2200910130091

Department of Information Technology 2024-25

| 20 | salman |
| 30 | rishab |
| 40 | kali |

| 50 | lalo |
| 60 | mukund |
+ + +
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

KAPIL KUMAR IT-2 2200910130091

Department of Information Technology 2024-25

EXPERIMENT NO. 9
AIM : Writing Simple PL/SQL programs.

STRUCTURE :
DECLARE

BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Hello, World!');
END;
/
CODE :
DECLARE

v_name VARCHAR2(50);
v_salary NUMBER(10, 2);

BEGIN
v_name := 'John Doe';
v_salary := 50000;

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' || v_name);

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Salary: ' || v_salary);
END;
/
OUTPUT :
Employee Name: John Doe

Employee Salary: 50000

KAPIL KUMAR IT-2 2200910130091