11th Maths Important Formulas
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CHAPTER 1
MATRICES AND DETERMINANTS
Define matrix:-
A matrix is a rectangular array of entries (or) elements put in rows and columns and within
a square bracket (or) parenthesis
A matrix is always denoted by Capital letters and the elements are denoted by small letters
Order of a matrix
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The order (or) size of a matrix is the number of rows and the number of columns that are
present in a matrix
A = aij
mxn
a ij denotes the element present in the i th row and in j th Column
a11 a12 a13
A = ( a i j ) 2 x3 = At
t
i= 1,2 (rows) j= 1, 2 ,3 (columns)
a21 a22 a23
Types of matrices
1. Row matrix :
A matrix having only one row is called a row matrix (or) row vector
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1 4 9 6 1 x4 5 7 9 1x3
2. Column matrix
A matrix having only one column is called column matrix (or) column vector
6
6 3
9
8
2
9
3x 1 4 x1
Any matrix of order 1x1 can be treated as either a row matrix (or) column matrix
3. Square matrix:
A square matrix is a matrix in which the number of rows and the number of columns
are equal
www.Padasalai.Net 2 4
X=
5 8
2x2
5 7 1
Y= 3 4 8
2 9 0
3x3
In general the number of elements in a square matrix of order “n” is n2
4. Diagonal matrix:
Diagonal matrix is a square matrix in which all the entries except the entries along the
main diagonal are zero
5 0 0
D = 0 6 0
0 0 8
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5. Triangular matrix
A square matrix in which all the entries above the main diagonal are zero
5 0 0
T = 8 6 0 ( Lower triangular matrix)
6 3 8
A square matrix in which all the entries below the main diagonal are zero
5 4 7
T = 0 6 4 ( Upper triangular matrix )
0 0 8
6. Scalar matrix:
A scalar matrix is a diagonal matrix in which all the entries along the main diagonal
are equal
5 0 0
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S = 0 5 0
0 0 5
7. Identity matrix (or) unit matrix
An identity matrix (or) unit matrix is a scalar matrix in which entries along the main
diagonal are equal to 1
1 0 0
1 0
I3 = 0 1 0 I2 =
0 0 1 0 1
8. Zero matrix(or) Null matrix
A matrix said to be a zero matrix (or) null matrix if all the entries are zero
Zero matrix always denoted by 0
0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0= 0 = 0 0 0 =
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9. Equality of matrices
Two matrices A and B are said to be equal if
(i) they are of the same order
(ii) the corresponding elements of them are equal
10. Transpose of a matrix
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The matrix obtained from the given matrix A by interchanging its rows in to
columns (or) its column in to rows is called transpose of A It is denoted by A T (or) A t
If A is order 2x 3 then the order of A T is 3 x 2
Example Given that B is of order n x m What is the order of B transpose
Given that A is order 3x 4. What is the order of A
t t
?
Note that A
T T
A
11. Multiplication of a matrix by a scalar:
Let A be any matrix . Let k be any non zero scalar then the matrix
kA is obtained by multiplying all the entries of A by the non zero scalar k
The order of the A matrix is same as the order of kA
12. Negative of a matrix
Let A be any matrix . The negative of a matrix A is obtained by Changing the sign of all
the entries of A
4 7 4 7
If A = then -A=
5 0 5 0
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Addition of two matrices
Operation on matrices
Two matrices A and B can be added provided both the matrices of the same order and
also the corresponding elements can be added
Note that A + (-A) = 0
Matrix addition is always commutative i.e. A +B=B+A
Matrix addition is always associative ie. (A+B)+C = A + (B+C)
The additive identity of a matrix is a Zero matrix
The additive inverse of A is -A ( negative of A)
Matrix multiplication:
Two matrices A and B are said to be conformable for multiplication
if the number of columns of the first matrix A is equal to the number of
rows of the second matrix B
The procedure of multiplying is known as row – by- column multiplication
A is of order 2 x 3 and B is of order 3 x 4 then order of AB is 2 x4
A B = (Number of rows of matrix A) x (Number of columns of matrix B)
Matrix multiplication is not commutative i.e AB BA
Matrix multiplication is always Associative i.e A(BC) = (AB)C
Matrix multiplication is distributive over addition i.e A (B+C) = AB + BC
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The product of any matrix with the unit matrix is the matrix itself i.e AI = IA = A
DETERMINANTS
What is the difference between matrix and determinant ?
Matrix Determinant
Matrix has no value Determinant has some value
Written with in parenthesis Written with in two vertical lines
Number of rows need not be equal to
Number of column Number of rows = Number of columns
A constant ‘k’ is multiplied with all A constant ‘k’ can be multiplied with
The elements of the given matrix any one row (or) column
Matrix can be multiplied by using Determinant can be multiplied by using
Row –by column method only row by column (or) row by row (or)
Column by column methods
The determinant is always a square form
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How to compute 2 x 2 determinant
The value of
a b
c d
= ad-bc i.e
3 5
1 7
(21) (5) = 21+5=26
How to compute 3x3 determinant
Example
1 2 3
Compute 0 5 1
3 2 6
5 1 0 1 0 5
=1 -(-2) +3
2 6 3 6 3 2
= 1{-30-(-2) } +2 {0 –3} +3 {0-15}
= 1(-30+2) +2(-3) +3(-15)
= -28 –6 -45 = - 139
Singular and non Singular matrix
A square matrix A is said to be singular if A =0
A square matrix A is said to be non – singular if A 0
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Minors
The minor determinant of A = aij is obtained by deleting the i th row j th
Column in which a i j stands
The minor of a is denoted by
ij M ij
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Cofactors
The cofactor is a signed minor.
1
i j
Rule: Aij = M ij
State factor theorem
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If each element of a determinant ( ) is a polynomial in x
For x= a vanishes then ( x-a ) is a factor of
Note :
If r rows (column) are identical in a determinant of order n (n r) when
we put x =a then (x-a) r-1 is a factor of
(x+a) is a factor of the polynomial f(x) if and only if x= -a is a root of the
equation f(x)=0
Note
If ‘m’ = (the degree of the product of the factors)-(the degree of the product of
the leading diagonal elements)
m = 0 then the other symmetric factor is a constant (k)
m= 1 then the other symmetric factor of degree is k (a+b+c)
m=2 then the other symmetric factor of degree is 2 k a 2 b2 c 2 l (ab bc ca)
Properties of Determinant:
1. The value of a determinant is unaltered by inter changing its rows and
Columns - Prove it.
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2. Prove that any two rows (columns) of a determinant are interchanged
The determinant changes its sign but its numerical value is unaltered
3. Prove that If two rows (columns ) of a determinant are identical then the value of the
determinant is zero
4. Prove that every element in a row (or) column of a determinant is
multiplied by a constant ‘k’ then the value of the determinant is multiplied
by k
5. Prove that every element in any row (column) can be expressed as the sum of two quantities then
given determinant can be expressed as the sum of two
Determinant of the same order
6. Prove that the value of the determinant is unaltered when to each element of any row (column) is
added to those of several other rows (column) multiplied respectively by constant factor
Note
Multiplying or dividing all entries of any one row (column) by the scalar is
equivalent to multiplying or dividing the determinant by the same constant
PRODUCT OF DETERMINANTS
Note : AB A B
Two determinant can be multiplied by using (i) Row-by-Column method
(ii) Row by Row method
(iii)Column by Column method
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RELATION BETWEEN A DETERMINANT AND ITS COFACTOR DETERMINANT
1. The sum of the products of the elements of any row of a determinant with the
corresponding row of co factor determinant is equal to the value of the determinant
2. The sum of the product of the elements of any row of a determinant with any
other row cofactor determinant is equal to 0
CHAPTER 2
VECTOR ALGEBRA
A quantity having only magnitude is called a scalar
Example distance , area , volume , work done by force, real numbers
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A quantity having both magnitude and direction is called a vector
Example Displacement , force, velocity, acceleration, moment
Representation of a vector
A vector can be represented by a line segment
a AB where A is called initial point and B is called terminal point
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Types of vectors
abc
The magnitude of a vector OG a (or) modulus of a is the actual length
3
a AB AB
If the magnitude of a vector is 1 unit it is called unit vector
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a
Unit vector always denoted by a Where unit vector in the direction of a =
a
If the magnitude of a vector is zero it is called zero vector
Zero vector is also called Null vector Which is denoted by 0
For a zero vector the initial point is coincide with terminal point
Equality of vectors
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Two vectors are said to be equal vector if they have the same magnitude and same direction
Like vectors
Vectors are said to be like they have the same direction
Unlike vectors
Vectors are said to be unlike they have the opposite direction
Co-initial vectors
Vectors having the same initial point
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Co terminal vectors
Vector having same end points
Collinear vectors
Vectors are said to be collinear or parallel if they have same line of action
Coplanar vectors
Three or more vectors lying in the same plane are called coplanar vectors
Negative of a vectors
Two vectors are said to be negative to each other only if they have same magnitude
and opposite in their direction
AB a BA a i.e.AB BA
Operation on vectors
Two vector can be added only if the end point of the first vector is equal to the starting point
of the second vector
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AB BC AC
This law is known as ‘Triangle law of addition’ of vectors
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Properties of addition of vectors
(i) Vector addition is always commutative
(ii) Vector addition is always associativ
(iii) a0 0a a 0 is called additive identity
(iv) a (a) (a) a 0 a is called additive inverse
Multiplication of a vector by a scalar
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Let ‘k’ be a scalar . Then k a is the scalar multiplication of a by ‘k’
Note If ‘k’ is negative then k a is in the opposite direction
If ‘k’ is positive then k a is in the same direction
If ‘k’ is Zero then k a is a zero vector
If a and b are two vectors and m is a scalar then m( a + b )=m a +m b
Position vector
The starting point is same for all the points
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OA AB OB
AB OB OA
The position vector of a point that divides the line joining two given points whose
mb na
position vectors are a and b internally in the given ratio m : n is
mn
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mb na
(Externally in the given ratio m : n is )
mn
ab
If P is the mid point of AB then it divides AB in the ratio 1:1 then OP
2
Condition for three point may be collinear (m+n)-m-n=0
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Conversely
If the scalars x,y,z are such ;that x+y+z=0 and x a +y b +z c = 0
Then a , b and c are collinear
Note : The point of intersection of the medians of a triangle is the centroid of the triangle
abc
Then the position vector of the centroid OG
3
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If G is the centroid of a triangle ABC, Prove that GA GB GC 0
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CHAPTER 3
ALGEBRA
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PERMUTATION
Factorial:
The continued product of first n natural numbers is called the “ n factorial:
(or) “factorial n”
1 ! = 1
2 ! = 1x 2 = 2
3 ! = 1x2x3=6
4! = 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 = 24
5! = 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 = 120
6! = 1 x 2 x3 x 4 x 5 x 6 = 720
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n ! = 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 ………(n-2) (n-1) n
(n-1) ! = 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 ……………..(n-2) (n-1)
It is denoted by n or n
Factorial conversion
6! = 5!6 = 4!5x6
a. n ! = (n-1)! n
b. (n-1)! = (n-2)! (n-1)
c. (n-r) ! = (n-r-1)! (n-r)
d. r ! = (r-1)! r
e. (n-r+1)! = (n-r)! (n-r+1)
Fundamental principle of counting 1. Multiplication principle
2. Addition principle
www.Padasalai.Net Fundamental principle of multiplication:
If one operation can be performed in m ways and another operation can be performed in n
ways then the two operation in succession can be performed in
m x n =m n ways.
Fundamental principle of addition
If there are two operation such that they can be performed independently in m ways and n ways
respectively then either of the two operations can be performed in (m+n) ways.
CONCEPT OF PERMUTATION
Permutation means “ ARRANGEMENTS”
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n
Pn n! n ( This type of permutation is called Linear Permutation
Permutations when objects can repeat :
The number of permutation of n different things, taken r at a time , when each may be
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repeated any number of times in each arrangement is n r
Arrangements of things in a straight line is called Linear Permutation
Arrangements of things around a circle are called circular permutations
The circular permutation of n different things is (n-1)!
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Note
When the clockwise and anticlockwise direction are indistinguishable the number of circular
n 1
permutation of n things taken all at a time is
2
( i.e. garland with identical Pearls)
COMBINATION
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A selection of any r things out of n things is called a
æö n
and it is denoted by nCr (or ) ççç ÷÷÷÷ (or ) C (n, r
çè r ø
combination of n things taken r at atime
Difference between Permutation and Combination
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1. In a Combination only selection is made
In permutation not only selection but also an arrangement in a definite order
2. Usually the number of permutation exceeds the number of combination
n n
The formula for finding combinations Cr =
n - rr
CHAPTER 4
Sequence and series
Definition
A sequence is an arrangement of numbers in a definite order according to some rule.
The sequence itself is denoted by a n
There are two types of sequences
1. finite sequence (finite number of terms ) 2 infinite sequence(infinite number of terms)
Series
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For each sequence there is an associated series which is obtained by replacing the comma in
the ordered set of terms by plus symbols
Some special types of sequences and their series
1. Arithmetic progression
Arithmetic progression means each term except the first term is obtained by adding a fixed
number to the immediately preceding term is called Arithmetic Progression
The nth term of an A.P. tn = a+(n-1)d
2. Geometric progression
Geometric progression mean each term except the first is obtained by multiplying the terms
immediately preceding it by a fixed non zero number is called Geometric Progression.
n-1
The nth term of a G.P. tn= ar
3. Harmonic progression
A sequence of non zero numbers is said to be in Harmonic Progression if their reciprocals are
in A.P.
1 1
The nth term of H.P. Tn=
tn a (n 1)d
MEANS OF PROGRESSION
1. ARITHMETIC MEAN
Given two numbers a and b then x is called its arithmetic mean if a,x,b form an A.P.
ab
The arithmetic Mean (A.M) between a and b is given by x =
2
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2. GEOMETRIC MEAN
Given two numbers a and b , then x is called their geometric mean if a,x,b form a G.P.
The Geometric Mean (G.M.) between a and b is given by x= ab
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3. HORMONIC MEAN
Given a and b then x is called their harmonic mean (H.M.) if a,x,b form a H.P.
1 1 1
That is , , form an A.P.
a x c
2ab
Then the H.M. between a and b is given by x =
ab
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SOME SPECIAL TYPES OF SERIES
1. BINOMIAL SERIES:
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n(n 1) 2 n(n 1)(n 2) 3
1 x 1 nx x x ......... provided x 1
n
2! 3!
1 x 1 x x2 x3 ...................
1
1 x
1
1 x x 2 x3 ...................
2. EXPONENTIAL SERIES
x x 2 x3
ex 1 ..............
1! 2! 3!
x x 2 x3
e x 1 ..............
1! 2! 3!
3.LOGARITHMIC SEIES
x 2 x3 x 4
log 1 x x .............. x 1
2 3 4
x 2 x3 x 4
log 1 x x ..............
2 3 4
CHAPTER 5
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ANALYTICAL GEOMENTRY
LOCUS:-
The path traced by a point when it moves according to specified geometrical condition is called locus
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1. Slope intercept form:
Different forms of straight lines
y = m x +c Where m is the slope and c is the y intercept
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2. Point slope form
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y y1 m( x x1 )
3. Two point form
y y1 x x1
y 2 y1 x 2 x 1
4. Intercept form
5. Normal form
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x y xCos ySin
1 (or) 1
pSec pCo sec p p
6. Parametric form
x x 1 y y1
r
Cos Sin
Any point on the line can be taken as ( x1 rCos , y1 rSin )
General form of a straight line is ax+by+c=0
ax 1 by1 c
7. Perpendicular distance from a given point to a given line
a2 b2
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8. Perpendicular distance from the origin to the line
c
a2 b2
Co efficientofx
9. The slope of the line ax + by + c = is Slope =
Co efficientofy
m1 m 2
Angle between two straight lines tan 1
1 m1.m 2
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c1 c 2
Distance between the two parallel straight lines D=
a2 b2
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a1 b1 c1
Condition for the three straight lines to be concurrent a 2 b2 c2 = o
a 3 b3 c3
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PAIR OF STRAIGHT LINES
PAIR OF STRAIGHT LINE PASSING THROUGH THE ORIGIN
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The general form of pair of straight line passing through the origin is ax +2hxy+by =0
2
Note that
i) h2>ab
The straight lines are real and distinct if
2
ii) The straight lines are coincident if h =ab
2
iii) The straight lines are imaginary if h <ab
Let y=m1x and y = m2x be the two straight lines passing through the origin
2h
The sum of the slopes = m1 + m2 =
b
a
The product of the slopes = m1.m2 =
b
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ANGLE BETWEEN PAIR OF STRIGHT LINES PASSING THROUGH
THE ORIGIN
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Angle between the pair of straight lines = = tan
1 2 h 2 ab
a b
Note that
2
If the straight lines are parallel, them h =ab
If the straight lines are perpendicular then a+b=0
Co eff of x + Co eff of y2 = 0
2
Condition for a general second degree equation represents a pair of straight lines Only if
abc 2 fgh af 2 bg 2 ch 2 0
CIRCLE
DEFINITION
A circle is the locus of a point which moves in such a way that its distance from a fixed point
is always constant. The fixed point is called the center of the circle
and the constant distance is called the radius of the circle
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EQUATION OF A CIRCLE WHEN THE CENTRE AND RADIUS ARE GIVEN
Note that
If the center of the circle is at the origin and radius r units, then the equation is x2+y2=r2
THE EQUATION OF A CIRCLE IF THE END POINTS OF A DIAMETER ARE GIVEN
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Parametric form of a circle
x = a Cos , y = a Sin is called the parameter and 0 2
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Equation of tangent to a circle
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Length of tangent to the circle from a point (x1,y1)
PT= x 12 y12 2 gx 1 2 fy1 c
Note: (i) If the point is on the circle then PT2 =0
2
(ii) If the point is out side the circle then PT >0
2
(iii) If the point is inside the circle then PT <0
Note
(i) If the constant is zero then the circle passes through the origin
(ii) If the constant is positive the origin is out side the circle
(iii) If the constant is negative the origin is inside the circle
Condition for the line y=mx+c to be a tangent to the circle x2+y2=a2
The required condition is c2=a2(1+m2)
am a
The point of contact of the tangent is ,
1 m 1 m2
2
Number of tangents that can be drawn to the circle is = two
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CHAPTER 6
TRIGONOMETRY
The word Trigonometry is derived from Greek word
Tri means Three Gono means Angles metry means measurement
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Angles
If the rotation is counter clockwise, the angle is taken as POSITIVE
If the rotation is clock wise , the angle is taken as NEGATIVE
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Measurement of angles
1 degree = 60 minutes = 60 ‘
60 minutes = 60 Seconds = 60 “
Radian measure
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A radian is the angle subtended at the center of a circle by an arc whose length is equal to the radius of
the circle
C
One Radian is written as 1
2r = Circumference of a circle
Circumference of a circle
= 2r = (diameter)
Circumference of a circle
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=
Diameter of the circle
Relation between Degrees and Radians
The complete angle of a Circle = 360 = 2 r
If r = 1 Then 2 = 360
360
= 180 0
2
radians = 180 degrees
1 radian = 57.3 0
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Trigonometrical ratios
If (2,3 ) is a point on the terminal side of , find all the six trigonometrical ratios
If (-2,-3) is a point on the terminal side of Find all the six trigonometrical ratios
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Special properties of trigonometrical functions
Periodic function:
A function is said to be a periodic function if for all values of x
f(x+) = f() and is a constant. The least positive value of is called period of the function
The Period of Sin x , Cos x, Cosec x and Sec x are 2
The Period of tan x and Cot x have period
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ODD and EVEN function
If f( - x) = f(x), then the function is an even function
Cos x, Sec x are all even functions
If f(-x) = - f(x) then the function is an odd function
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Sin x, tan x Cosec x, and Cot x are odd functions
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(i) Sin(A+B) = sinA Cos B + cos A Sin B
(ii) Sin(A-B) = sinA Cos B - cos A Sin B
(iii) Cos(A+B) = CosA Cos B - Sin A Sin B
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
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Cos(A-B) = CosA Cos B + Sin A Sin B
tan A B
tan A B
tan A tan B
1 tan A tan B
tan A tan B
1 tan A tan B
(vii) Sin (A+B) Sin (A-B) = sin2A –sin2B
(viii) Cos(A+B) Cos (A-B)= sin2A-Cos2B
MULTIPLE ANGLES
Sin 2A = 2 Sin A Cos A
2 tan A
Sin 2A =
1- tan2 A
2
1-tan A
Cos 2A = = Cos 2A - Sin 2 A = 1-2Sin2A = 2Cos2A –1
1+ tan2 A
2 tan A
tan 2A =
1- tan2 A
1- Cos2 A
Sin 2 A =
2
1+ Cos2 A
Cos2 A =
2
Sin 3A = 3 Sin A - 4 Sin 3 A
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Cos 3A = 4Cos 3 A - 3 Cos A
3tanA-tan3A
tan 3A =
1- 3tan2 A
Cot 3A - 3CotA
C ot 3A =
3Cot 2A - 1
SUB MULTIPLE ANGLES
A A
Sin A = 2Sin Cos
2 2
A
A A A A 1 tan 2
Cos A = Cos2 - Sin2 = 1 - 2Sin2 = 2Cos2 - 1 = 2
2 2 2 2 2 A
1 tan
2
1- Cos A
Sin 2 A =
2
1+ Cos A
Cos2 A =
2
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tan A =
1- tan
A
2 tan
2
2 A
A
1- Cos
Sin 2A = 2
2
A
1+ Cos
Cos 2 A = 2
2
TRANSFORMATION OF A PRODUCT IN TO A SUM OR DIFFERENCE
Sin (A+B) + Sin (A-B) = 2 Sin A Cos B (1)
Sin (A+B) – Sin (A-B) = 2 Cos A Sin B (2)
Cos (A+B) + Cos (A-B) = 2 Cos A Cos B (3)
Cos (A+B) – Cos (A-B) = - 2Sin A Sin B (4)
(or)
Cos (A-B) – Cos (A+B) = 2Sin A Sin B
C D C D
Sin C + Sin D = 2 Sin Cos (i)
2 2
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C D C D
Sin C – Sin D = 2 Cos Sin (ii)
2 2
C D C D
Cos C + Cos D = 2 Cos Cos (iii)
2 2
C D C D
Cos C - Cos D = - 2 Sin Sin (iv)
2 2
(or)
C D C D
Cos D - Cos C = 2 Sin Sin
2 2
TROGNOMETRICAL EQUATIONS
An equation involving trigonometric function is called a trigonometric equation
Note that :- Trigonometric identities are different from trigonometric equations
Trigonometric equation is satisfied by only certain values
Where as the trigonometric identities are satisfied by for all values of
Note : - (i)When we solve the equation of type Sin =K or tan = K , the principal
value lies in between and (or) [ - , ]
2 2 2 2
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(ii)When we solve the equation of the type Cos = K the principle value lies
between 0 and [ 0, ]
1. The general solution of Sin = 0 and tan = 0 = n n Z
2. The general solution of Cos = 0 = (2n+1) nZ
2
3. The general solution of tan=0 = n
4. The general solution of Sin = Sin = n + ( -1) n
5. The general solution of Cos = Cos = 2n
6. The general solution of tan = tan = n +
7. Solving the equation of the form aCos+bSin = c (where c a b )
2 2 2
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PROPERTIES OF TRIANGLES
a b c
1. Sine formula
sin A sin B sin C
A B a b
2. Derive Napier’s formula tan
A
cot
2 ab 2
3. Cosine formula a2 b2 c2 2bcCosA
Projection formula a bCosC cCosB
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4.
5. Sub multiple angle formulae
A
(i) sin
( s b)( s c)
( Half Angle formulae)
A
(ii) Cos
( s a) A
(iii) tan
( s b)( s c)
2 bc 2 bc 2 ( s a)
1
6. Area formula ab sin C
2
SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES
Given three sides a,b,c solve the triangle ABC (SSS type)
A (s - a )(s - c )
(use the formula t an = )
2 s(s - a )
Given a=31 , b =42 , c =57, find all the angles
Given a = 25 b = 52 c= 63
Suppose the numbers are smaller and hence we have to use Cosine formula
Given a= 8 , b=9, c= 10 Find all the angles
Given a=3 b=4 and c =6
Given two angles and any one side, to solve the triangle ABC (SAA- type)
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( Use Sine formula )
Solve the triangle ABC A=35o17`; C= 45o13’; b= 42.1
Given a= 1.53, B=85o, C =70o
Given two sides and the included angles (SAS type)
Solve the triangle ABC if a=5, b=4 and C =68o
Solve the triangle ABC if a=54 b= 42 and C = 52o6’
INVERSE TRIGONOMETRICAL FUCLTIONS
Sin 1 ( Sin ) Co sec1 (Co sec )
Cos 1 (Cos ) Sec 1 ( Sec )
tan 1 (tan ) cot 1 (cot )
1
Sin1 x Cos 1 x cot 1 tan 1 x
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tan 1 x Cot 1 x
x y
tan 1 x tan 1 y tan
2 x
1 xy
x y
tan 1 x tan 1 y tan
1 xy
CHAPTER 7
FUNCTIONS AND GRAPHS
Constant
A quantity which retains the same value throughout a mathematical process is called constant.
Variable
A variable is a quantity which can have different values
Intervals
R = REAL LINE
i.e.,
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-
Different types of intervals
(i) Finite interval (ii) infinite interval
Finite interval does not mean that the interval contains only a finite number of real numbers
Open interval :- If the interval contains neither of its end points
It is denoted by the parenthesis ( )
Example : (a , b )
Closed interval :- If the interval contains both of its end points
It is denoted by the square bracket [ ]
Example : [ a , b ]
Infinite intervals:
example (a,) (- , b) (- , ) [a, ) (-,a]
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Note that
We can’t write a closed interval by using or -
and - are not representatives of real numbers , - R
Neighborhood of a point:
Let a be any real number, Let >0 be arbitrarily small real number then (a-,a+) is called
an neighborhood of the point a
Types of variables:
(i) independent variable (ii) dependent variable
Independent variable:
A variable is an independent variable when it has any arbitrary value
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Dependent variable:
A variable is said to be dependent when its value depends on other variables
A is dependent variable
Example Area = A = r2
r is independent variable
Cartesian product:
Let A = { 1,2 } and B = { a, b } then A x B is called Cartesian product of the two sets A and B
Note that AxB BxA ( in general)
Relation Connect two sets by means of relation
R: A B (read as A to B)
Relation is a sub set of Cartesian product A x B
FUNCTION:
A function is a rule (or) law from a set A to B which assigns to each element of A a unique element
of B
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The set A is called domain of the function
The set B is called co – domain of the function
Which is denoted by f : A B
f(A) is called the range of the function
Which is not a function ?
(i) Single element may not have two different element
(or)
(ii) One element in the domain may not have not image in the co –domain
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TYPES OF FUNCTION
ONE TO ONE FUNCTION
If a function relates any two distinct elements of its domain to two distinct elements of its range (or)
co domain , it is called a one to one function.
(or)
One – to – one function
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A function f from A to B is called an one to one function if a, bA, ab we must have f(a) f(b)
( distinct image )
(or)
A function is said to be one to one if each element of the range is associated with exactly one element of
the domain
i.e., range of f is a subset of B range co-domain
One to one is also called injective function
In to function:
A function f : A B is said to be into function if its range is a proper subset of its co-
domain.
Range of f is a proper subset of B
i.e., range co domain
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On to function:
A function from A to B is said to be an on to function if its range is equal to its co-domain B
(or) A function f is on to if to each element b in the co-domain, there is at least one element a in the
domain such that b = f(a)
On to function is otherwise called an in to function
Range = co-domain
The other name for On to function is also surjective function
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Many to one function
A function f : A B is said to be many to one function if more than one element of A is
mapped in to the same element of B
In other words a function which is not one-to-one is called many to one and vice versa
Constant function
A function f from A to B is called a constant function if every element of A has the same image in B
1 p
2 q
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Identity function:
A function f : A A is called an identity function if each element of A is associated with
itself under f
In other words f is an identity function of a if f(a) = a for all a A
1 1
6 6
8 8
f: A A i.e., f(x) = x
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Note that
(i) Identity function is one to one and also onto function
(ii) A function which is surjective and also injective is called bijective
(iii) Identity function is a bijective function
(iv) The identity function is the graph of the function (i.e,) y=x is a straight line passing
through origin
Note that
1. A function is said to be injective if it is one- to- one
2. A function is said to be bijective if it is both one to one and on to
The Domain conversion
The following table illustrate the domain and range of certain functions
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y= x2 (-,) [0, )
y= x [ 0, ) [0, )
1 R – {0} Non zero real numbers R – {0}
y=
x
y= 1 x 2 [ -1, 1] [0,1]
y = Sin x (-,) [ -1, 1]
2 , 2 Principal solution
y= Cos x (-,) (-,)
[ o, ] principal solution
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y= tan x
y = ex
, principal solution
2 2
(-,)
(-,)
(0,
y= log x (0. (-,)
Graph of a function:
The graph of a function f is a graph of the equation y=f(x)
A function have only one value of f(x)
Note
If we draw a vertical line to the above graph, it meets the curve at only one point
i.e., for every x there is a unique y
Vertical line Test
The vertical line will intersect the graph of f at the single point only
INVERSE OF A FUNCTION
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Inverse of f exits if and only if f is one to one and also on to
Suppose a function f is only one to one function f –1 is not exits
And Suppose a function f is only on to function then f-1 is not exits
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Composition of function
Let A,B, and C be any three sets and let f: A B and g: B C
Be any two function. Define a new function (gof): A C
Note the domain of g is the co domain of f
The function (gof) is called the composition of two functions f and g
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Composition of functions need not be commutative
i.e., fog gof
Note that
If fog = gof = I then g is called inverse of f or f is called inverse of g
f-1 exits then f is said to be invertible i.e, fof-1 = f-1of =I
Operation on functions
f
f+g , f-g fg 2f , 3g are also functions
g
Note
the product of two functions is different from composition two function
f+g and fg are different in meaning
Linear function
A function is said to be linear function if f(x) = m x + b where a and b are constants
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Note that
(i) The graph of the linear function is a straight line
(ii) Inverse of a linear function always exists and also linear
(iii) A Polynomial function of degree 2 is called quadratic function
A function f(x) = ax2+bx+c , Where a, b, c R and a0
The graph of the function is always a parabola
(iv) A polynomial function of degree 3 is called cubic function
(v) A polynomial function of degree 4 is called bi quadratic function
f (x )
(vi) A function is called a rational function ( Provided g(x) o)
g( x )
Exponential functions:
For any number a>0 , a1, the function f: R R defined by f(x) = ax is called exponential
function
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Note that
The function f(x) = ex whose curve lies between the corresponding to 2x and 3x ( “e” value lies
between 2 and 3 )
Note
(i) The inverse of the exponential function is a logarithmic function
(ii) The general form of logarithmic function is f(x) = l og a x , x 0
(iii) The domain is (0,) of the logarithmic functions becomes the co domain of the exponential
function and the co domain of the logarithmic function becomes the domain of the logarithmic
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exponential function
RECIPROCAL OF A FUNCTION:
1
A function is said to be reciprocal function if g(x) = f(x) 0
f (x )
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Note that
the graph of the y=1/x does not meet the either axes for finite real number
Which meets the x and y axes at infinity only
The inverse of the reciprocal function is the identity function
ABSOLUTE VALUE FUNCTION (OR) MODULUS FUNCTION
x , if x 0
f(x) = x =
x , if x 0
The domain is R and co-domain is the set of all non negative real numbers
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STEP FUNCTIONS
(1) GREATEST INTEGER FUNCTION
(2) LEAST INTEGER FUNCTION
(3) SIGNUM FUNCTION
GREATEST INTEGER FUNCTION
A function whose value at any real number x is the greatest integer less than or equal to x is called
the greatest integer function
It is denoted by [ x ]
[2.3] = 2 [3.8] =3 [-2.1]=-3 [0.5] =0 [-o.2] = -1 [4]=4
Here the domain is R where as the range is integers (Z)
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LEAST INTEGER FUNCTION:
A function whose value at any real number x is the smallest integer greater than (or) equal to x is
called the least integer function
It is denoted by f(x) = [ x ]
Note [ 2.5] = 3 , [1.09] =2 [-2.9] = -2 [3]=3
Here the domain is R where as the range is integers (Z)
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SIGNUM FUNCTION
x
, x 0
A function f is defined by f(x) = x is called Signum function
0, x 0
Here the domain is R and the range is { -1, 0, 1 }
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Even function and odd function
(1) If f (- x) = f(x) for all x then the function is called even function
1
Example f(x) = x2 , f(x) = x2+2x4 , f(x) = f(x) = Cos x
x2
Note
(1) (i) Many functions which are neither even nor odd
(ii) The even functions divides the y axis in to two equal part
(i.e., the graph of the even function is symmetrical about y- axis)
(2) If f(x) = - f(-x) for all x then the function is called odd function
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Example f(x) = x3 , f(x) = x-2x3 , f(x) =
1
x
, f(x) = Sin x
The graph of the odd function is symmetrical about origin
TRIGONOMETRICAL FUNCTIONS
(1) Circular function
(2) Hyperbolic functions
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QUADRATIC INEQUATIONS:
let f(x) = ax2+bx+c f ( x ) 0, f ( x ) 0, f ( x ) 0, f ( x ) 0 are called quadratic in equations
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CHAPTER 8
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS
Limit of a function
Left limit
Let f(x) be a well defined function Let us approaches a through values less than a
As x approaches in this way the value of f(x) is called the left limit (if it exits)
lim f ( x ) = Lf(a)
It is written as x a
Right limit
Let f(x) be a well defined function Let us assume that a approaches a through values greater than a
As x approaches a in this way the value of f(x) in the limiting case is known as right limit (if it
exists)
It is written as lim f ( x ) =Rf(a)
x a
Limit of a function at a point
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Let f(x) be a well defined function of x Let a and l be constants. As x approaches a, let f(x)
approaches l in the limiting case
Then we say that the limit of f(x) is l as x tends to a
Thus we written as lim f ( x ) l
x a
Note that
(i) If left limit = right limit we can say that limit of the function exists
(ii) left limit right limit then the limit does not exits
(iii) If any one the left or right does not exits then we can say the limit does not exits
CONTINUITY OF A FUNCTION
Definition of a continuous function at a point x=a
If lim f ( x ) exits and is equal to f(a) then the function f(x) is said to be continuous function at
x a
x=a
i. e, (i) f(a) is defined
(ii) lim f ( x ) exits
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x a
(iii) lim f (x ) f (a )
x a
Discontinuous function at x=a
(i) f(a) is not defined
(ii) lim f ( x ) f ( a ) does not exist
x a
(iii) lim f ( x ) f ( a ) therefore f is discontinuous at x=a
x a
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Continuity at the end point
A function f defined on a closed interval [a, b] is said to be continuous at the end point a
if it is continuous from the right side at a i.e. lim f ( x ) f ( a ) continuous at the end point b
x a
if it is continuous from the left side at b i.e., lim f ( x ) f (b )
x b
Note
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(i) A function f and g are continuous functions at x=c then the sum, difference , product
and division of the functions are also continuous at x= c
(ii) Every constant function is continuous
The graph of y=k is a straight line parallel to x axis and there is no break in the curve
(continuous functions do not have any break in their curve
(iii) The function f(x)=x n , x R is continuous
The function f(x)=K x n , x R is continuous where k0
(iv) Every polynomial function of degree n is continuous
Exponential function is continuous i., e f(x) =ax
In particular
the exponential function f(x) =ex is continuous
Log function is continuous at all points of R+
Sin x functions and cos x functions all continuous at all points of R
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List of formulae
CHAPTER 8
DIFFERENTIATION
dy
y
dx
Constant o
xn n x n-1
x 1
x2 2x
x3 3x2
x4 4x3
1 1
x x
1 2
x2 x3
1
x
2 x
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1 1
x 2x x
ex ex
e x --- e x
Logx 1/x
Sinx Cosx
Cosx -Sinx
tanx Sec2x
Cosecx - Cosecx Cotx
Secx Secx tanx
Cotx - Cosec2x
Sec2x 2 Sec 2x tanx
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Sin1 x 1
1 x2
1
tan 1 x 1 x2
ax a x log a
CHAPTER 9
INTEGRATION
Important formulae in integration
1. kdx kx c
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x2
2. xdx 2 c
x3
x dx 3 c
2
3.
2
4. x dx
3
x x c
1 1
5. x
dx
2
x c
1
6. x dx log x c
1 1
7. x2 dx
x
c
1 2
8. x3 dx
x2
c
c
x x
9.
e dx e
e ax
10.
11.
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e dx a c
ax
e x dx e x c
12. log x dx x log x x c
( x 1) c
x x
13.
xe dx e
x x
14.
xe dx e ( x 1) c
15. sin xdx Cosx c
16. Cosxdx sin x c
17. tan xdx log(sec x) c
18. Cotxdx log(sin x) c
sec xdx tan x c
2
19.
20. sec x tan xdx sec x c
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xdx cot xx c
2
21.
cos ec
22. cos ecx cot xdx cos ecx c
23. sec xdx log(sec x tan x) c
24. Co sec xdx log(Co sec x cot x) c
1
1 x2
1
25.
dx tan xc
1 1 1 x
26. a2 x2 dx
a
tan c
a
1
27. 1 x2
dx Sin 1 x c
1
28. 1 x2
dx Cos 1 x c
ax
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29. a dx log e a c
x
30.
1
1 x2
dx log x 1 x 2 + C
x 2 2 a2 x
a x dx a x Sin 1 c
2 2
31.
2 2 a
1 xa
32. x2 a2 dx log
x a
c
1 ax
33. a2 x2 dx log
ax
c
eax
e Cosbx dx a2 b2 aCosbx bSinbx c
ax
34.
eax
e Sinbx dx a2 b2 aSinbx bCosbx c
ax
35.
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f ' ( x)
36. dx log f ( x) c
f ( x)
f `( x)
37. f ( x)
dx 2 f ( x) c
CHAPTER 10
PROBABILITY
Random experiment : Random experiment is an experiment in which result cannot be predicted
TRIAL: Performing a random experiment is called a trial
OUTCOME: The result of the random experiment is called out come
EVENT: The set of single outcomes (or) combination of two or more outcomes is called event
SAMPLE SPACE : The set of all possible out comes of a random experiment is called sample space
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IMPOSSILE OUT COME: The empty set is called impossible event
SURE EVENT: The whole sample space is called sure event
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MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE EVENTS
Two or more events are said to be mutually exclusive if they cannot occur simultaneously
Number of favourable outcome of an event n( E )
Probability of an event E = P(E) = =
Total umber of all possible outcomes n( S )
P()= 0 { Probability of an impossible event = 0 }
AXIOMS ON PROBABILITY
(i) P(A) 0
(ii) P(S) =1 { Probability of a sure event =1 }
(iii) If A1 , A2 ..............., An are mutually exclusive events then
P( AUA
1 2U ...............UAn ) P( A)1 P( A2 ) ............... P( An )
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ADDITION THEORM ON PROABILITY
If A and B are any two event such that P( AUB) P( A) P( B) P( A B)
CONDITIONAL PROBABILITY
A and B are any event the conditional probability is defined as “the probability of event B under the
condition that the event A has already occurred
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B
Which is denoted by P
A
B P( A B)
The formulae for calculating P , P( A) o
A P( A)
A P( A B)
P , P( B) o
B P( B)
INDEPENDENT EVENTS:
If the happening of an event A does not depend on the happing of event B they are called independent
event
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Multiplication theorem on probability
If A and B are independent event then P( A B) P( A) P( B)
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UNIT TEST 1
VECTOR ALGEBRA
Part A
Answer all the questions 20 x 1 = 20
1. The position vector of A is a = 2i 3 j 4k , AB 5i 7 j 6k then the position vector of B is
(i) 7i 10 j 10k (ii) 7i 10 j 10k
(iii) 7i 10 j 10k (iv) 7i 10 j 10k
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2. If a is an non zero vector and k is a scalar such that k a =1 then k = ?
(i) a (ii) 1 (iii)
1
a
(iv)
1
a
3. Let a b be the vector AB, BC determined by two adjacent sides of a regular hexagon
ABCDEF. The vector represented by EF is
(i) a b (ii) a b (iii) 2 a (iv) - b
4. If a = 2i j 8k and b = OA then the the magnitude of a b = ?
13 3 4
(i) 13 (ii) (iii) (iv)
3 13 13
5. If the position vectors of P and Q are 2i 3 j 7k , 4i 3 j 4k then the direction cosines of PQ
2 6 11 2 6 11
(i) , , (ii) , , (iii) 2,-6,11 (iv) 1,2,3
161 161 161 161 161 161
6. If a = i j 2k , b i 2 j k , c i 2 j 2k then a unit vector parallel to a b c is
i2jk i jk 2i j k i jk
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
6 3 6 3
7. Which of the following vectors has the same direction as the vector i 2 j
(i) i 2 j (ii) 2i 4 j (iii) - 3i 6 j (iv) 3i 6 j
8. If the initial point of a vector 2i 3 j is (1,5,8) then the terminal point is
(i) 3i 2 j 8k (ii) 3i 2 j 8k (iii) 3i 2 j 8k (iv) 3i 2 j 8k
9. If G is the centriod of a triangle ABC and G’ is the centroid of a Triangle A’B’C’ then
AA ' BB ' CC ' ?
(i) GG ' (ii) 3GG ' (iii) 2 GG ' (iv) 4 GG '
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10. If G is the centroid of a triangle ABC then GA GB GC is equal to
(i) 3( a b c ) (ii) OG (iii) 0 (iv) 4 OG
11. The position vector of A and B are a and b P divides AB in the ratio 3 : 1
Q is the mid point of AP The position vector of Q is
5a 3b 3a 5b 5a 3b 3a b
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
8 2 4 4
12. If AB k AC where k is a scalar then
(i) A,B,C are collinear (ii) A,B,C are coplanar
(iii) AB, AC have the same magnitude (iv) A,B,C are coincident
13. The direction cosines of the 2i j 2k are
2 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 2
(i) , , (ii) , , (iii) , , (iv) , ,
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
14. Given that a i j 2kandb 2i 3 j 5k then a b is
(i) 23 (ii) 50 (iii) 70 (iv) 66
AB BC DA CD ?
2
15. Given A
(i) DA (ii) CA (iii) 0 (iv) AD
16. If a 2b and 3 a mb are parallel , then the value of m is
1 1
(i) 3 (ii) (iii) 6 (iv)
3 6
17. If a b 3 j 4k a b i 2 j and a b i 2 j then a is
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(i) 2i j
(i) 3i 2 j
(ii) 2i j li 2l j 2k
(ii) 3i 2 j
(iii) 2i j
(iii) 6i 4 j
(iv) 2i j
18. BA 3i 2 j k and the position vector of B is i 2 j k then the position vector of A is
(iv) 6i 4 j
19. If the magnitude of the vector li 2l j 2k is 3 units then the value of l is
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
20. The perimeter of the triangle formed by the vector i 2 j 2k , i 2 j 2kand 2 j
(i) 6 (ii) 7 (iii) 8 (iv) 9
Part B
Answer any 5 questions 5 x 6=30
21. (i)Find the magnitude and direction cosines of 2i j 7k
(ii) Find the unit vector in the direction of 3i 4 j 12k
22. The position vectors of the vertices A,B,C of a triangle ABC are respectively
2i 3 j 4k , i 2 j kand 3i 5 j 6k Find the vectors determined by the sides and calculate the
length of the sides.
23. Show that the points whose position vectors given by 2i 3 j 5k , i 2 j 3kand 7i k are
collinear
24. Find the unit vector parallel to 3a 2b 4c where a 3i j 4k , b 2i 4 j 3k ; c i 2 j k
25. The vertices of a triangle have position vectors 4i 5 j 6k ,5i 6 j 4k ;6i 4 j 5k Prove that the
triangle is equilateral
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26. Show that the vectors 2i j k ,3i 4 j 4k ; i 3 j 5k form a right angled triangle
27. If the vertices of a triangle have position vectors i 2 j 3k , 2i 3 j kand 3i j 2k Find the
position vector of its centroid
Part C
Answer any 5 questions 5 x 10 =50
28. Show that the vectors 5i 6 j 7k ,7i 8 j 9k ,3i 20 j 5k are coplanar
29. Show that the points given by the vectors 4i 5 j k , j k ,3i 9 j 4kand 4i 4 j 4k are
coplanar
30. Examine whether the vectors i 3 j k ; 2i j kand 7 j 5k are coplanar
31. In a triangle ABC if D and E are the midpoints of sides AB and AC
3
respectively Show that BE DE BC
2
32. If ABCD is a quadrilateral E and F are the mid-points of AC and BD
respectively , prove that AB AD CB CD 4EF
33. Prove that the sum of the vectors directed from the vertices to the mid
points of opposite sides of a triangle is zero
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34. Prove that the line segment joining the mid points of two sides of a triangle is parallel to the
third side and equal to half of it
35. By using vectors the mid points of two opposite sides of a quadrilateral and the mid points of
the diagonals are the vertices of a parallelogram
UNIT TEST 2
MATRICES AND DETERMINANTS
Part A
Choose the correct (or) suitable answer 1 x 20 =20
1. The order of matrix B = [ 1 2 5 7 ]
(i) 1x4 (ii) 4 x1 (iii) 2x4 (iv) 1x1
2. Number of elements in a matrix of order 2x3 is
(i) 5 (ii) 2 (iii) 3 (iv)
2 1 4
3. If A = and X +A =0 then matrix X is
3 2 1
2 1 4 2 1 4 2 1 4 2 1 4
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 1
7
4. The product of the matrices [ 7 5 3 ] 3 is equal to
2
(i) [70] (ii) [49] (iii) [15] (iv) 70
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2 0 0
5. The type of the matrix 0 3 0 is
0 0 3
(i) Scalar matrix (ii) diagonal matrix (iii) unit matrix (iv) diagonal and scalar
0
6. If [2 x -1 ] x = [13] then the value of x is
3
(i) 5 (ii) 2 (iii) 3 (iv) 4
7. Matrix A is of order 2x3 and B is of order 3 x2 then order of matrix BA is
(i) 3x3 (ii) 2x3 (iii) 2x2 (iv) 3x2
8. If [3 -1 2 ] B = [ 5 6 ] the order of matrix B is
(i) 3 x1 (ii) 1x3 (iii) 3x 2 (iv) 1x1
9. The true statements of the following are
(i) Every unit matrix is a scalar matrix but a scalar matrix need not be a unit matrix
(ii) Every scalar matrix is a diagonal matrix but a diagonal matrix need not be a scalar
matrix
(iii) Every diagonal matrix is a square matrix but a square matrix need not be a diagonal
matrix.
1. (i),(ii),(iii) 2. (i) and (ii) 3. (ii) and (iii) 4. (iii) and (i)
8 5 7
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0 0 2
10. The matrix 0 6 4 is
(i) the upper triangular (ii) lower triangular (iii) square (iv) null
2 3
11. The minor of 2 in is
6 0
(i) 0 (ii) 1 (iii) 1 (iv) -3
2 3 5
12. The cofactor of –7 in 6 0 4 is
1 5 7
(i) -18 (ii) 18 (iii) -7 (iv) 7
a1 b1 c1
13. If A a2 b2 c2 and A = 2 then 3A is
a3 b3 c3
(i) 54 (ii) 6 (iii) 27 (iv) –54
14. In a third order determinant the cofactor of a23 is equal to the minor of a23 then the value of the
minor is
(i) 1 (ii) (iii) (iv) 0
2x 3
15. The solution of =0 is
2 3
(i) x=1 (ii) x =2 (iii) x =3 (iv) x= 0
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1 1 1
16. The value of 2 x 2 y 2 z is
3x 3 y
3z
(i) 1 (ii) xyz (iii) x+y+z (iv) 0
1 2 3 3 1 2
17. If 3 1 2 then 1 2 3 is equal to
2 3 1 2 3 1
(i) (ii) - (iii) 3 (iv) -3
1 2 3
18. The value of the determinant 7 6 5 is
1 2 3
(i) 0 (ii) 5 (iii) 10 (iv) -10
1 4 3 2 8 6
19. If 1 1 1 5 81 and 2 2 2 10 then
3 2 1 6 4 2
(i) 1 2 (ii) 1 4 (iii) 1 8 (iv) 81
20. Two rows of a determinant are identical when x = -a then the factor of is
(i) x+a (ii) x-a (iii) (x+a)2 ( iv) (x-a)2
Part B
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Answer any 5 question
1 1 2 x
21. Solve for x if [ x 2 -1 ] 1 4 1 2 0
1 1 2 1
6 x 5 = 30
3 2 2
22. If A = Find k so that A = Ka – 2I
4 2
a bc 2a 2a
23. Prove that 2b bca 2b ( a b c )3
2c 2c c a b
a 2 ab ac
24. Prove that ab b 2 bc 4a 2b 2c 2
ca bc c 2
a b c
25. Prove that a b b c c a a 3 b3 c 3 3abc
bc ca ab
x 1 3 5
26. Using factor method, prove 2 x2 5 ( x 1) 2 ( x 9)
2 3 x4
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1 a a3
27. Prove that 1 b b3 (a b)(b c)(c a)(a b c)
1 c c
2x y x y x 2a x 3a x 4a
28. (i) Prove that 2 y z y z =0 (ii) Evaluate x 3a x 4a x 5a
2z x z x x 4a x 5a x 6a
a b bc c a
29. Evaluate bc c a a b
c a a b bc
Part C
Answer any 5 questions 10 x 5 = 50
a b c
30. Factorize a 2 b 2 c2
bc ca ab
(b c) 2 a2 a2
31. Prove that b2 (c a ) 2 b2 2abc(a b c)3
c2 c2 ( a b) 2
b c a c a b
32. Prove by factor method b c c a b a 8abc
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33.
bc ca
Prove that q r r p
yz zx
c b c a a b
a b a b c
pq 2 p q r
x y x y z
a 2
ab ac
34. Prove that ab b
2
bc 2 (a 2 b 2 c 2 )
ac bc c2
1 a 1 1
1 1 1
35. Prove that 1 1 b 1 abc 1 and hence
a b c
1 1 1 c
1 a 1 1
find the value of 1 1 a 1
1 1 1 a
x x 2 1 x3
36. If x,y,z are all different and y y 2 1 y 3 0 then Show that xyz=1
z z 2 1 z3
UNIT TEST 3
PERMUTATION TEST
PART A
Choose the correct answer
Answer all the questions 1 x 30 =30
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1. If x ! = 24 the value of x is______________
(i) 4 (ii) 3 (iii) 4! (vi) 1
2. The value of 3! + 2! + 1! +0! Is _______________
(i) 10 (ii) 6 (iii) 7 (vi) 9
100 100
3. The value of C r = C 4r is ______________
(i)25 (ii)24 (iii) 4 (iv) 5
4. The total number of ways of analyzing 6 persons around a table is ________
(i) 6 (ii) 5 (iii) 6! (iv) 5!
5. The value of x (x-1) (x-2) ! is ____________
(i) x! (ii) (x-1)! (iii) (x-2) ! (iv) (x+1)!
6. 2 persons can occupy 7 places in __________ ways
(i) 42 (ii) 14 (iii) 21 (iv) 7
8
7. The value of P3 is ________
8 x7x6
(i) 8x7x6 (ii) (iii) 8 x7 (iv) 3 x 2 x1
3x2x1
8. The value of 8C 0 is __________
(i) 8 (ii) 1 (iii) 7 (iv) 0
10
9. The value of C 9 is ___________
(i) 9 (ii) 1 (iii) 10C 1 (iv) 0
10. Number of lines that can be drawn using 3 points in which none of 5 points are collinear is
___________
(i) 10 (ii) 20 (iii) 5 (iv) 1
10 10
11. If C r = C 4r then the value of r is ___________
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(i) 2 (ii) 4 (iii) 10 (iv) 1
5 5 6
12. If C x + C 4 = C 5 then the value of x is ___________
(i) 2 (ii) 4 (iii) 10 (iv) 1
n n 9
13. If C 4 + C 5 = C 5 the value of n is _____________
(i) 10 (ii) 5 (iii) 9 (iv) 8
n n
14. If Pr = 720 C r then the value of r is ___________
(i) 6 (ii) 5 (iii) 4 (iv) 7
15. The number of arrangements that can be made out of letters of word ENGINEERING
11! 11! 11!
(i) 11 ! (ii) (iii) (iv)
(3!)(2!) (2!) (3!) (2!) 3!
16. The number of 4 digit numbers, that can be formed by the digits 3,4,5,6,7,8,0 and no digit is being
repeated, is _______
(i) 720 (ii) 840 (iii) 280 (iv) 560
17. A Polygon has 44 diagonal then the number of its sides is ___________
(i) 28 (ii) 48 (iii) 20 (iv) 42
18. 20 persons are invited for a party. The number of ways in which they and the host can be seated
at a circular table is two particular persons be seated on either side of the host is equal to
(i) 18! 2 ! (ii) 18 ! 3 ! (iii) 19! 2 ! (iv) 20! 2 !
19. The number of permutation of the letters of the word APPLE are _________
(i) 120 (ii) 60 (iii) 30 (iv) 5
20. In how many ways can 2 different balls be distributed among 3 boxes
(i) 9 (ii) 2 (iii) 3 (iv) 6
21. The number of permutation of n distinct objects is ____________
(i) n-1 (ii) n (iii) (n-1) ! (iv) n !
22. The number of linear permutation of n object is ____________
(i) n-1 (ii) n (iii) (n-1) ! (iv) n !
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23. There are n things and if the direction is not taken in to consideration, the number of circular
permutation is _____________
(n-1) !
(i) ( n-1 ) ! (ii) n (iii) (iv) n !
2
24. In how many ways can a garland of 20 flowers are made ?
19 !
(i) 19 ! (ii) 20 ! (iii) (iv) 20
2
25. From a group of 15 cricket players, a team of 11 players is to be chosen. In how many ways this
can be done?
(i) 1365 (ii) 3251 (iii) 5261 (iv) 1653
26. The number of triangles that can be formed by joining the vertices of a hexagon?
(i) 20 (ii) 10 (iii) 15 (iv) 35
27. The number of diagonals of a hexagon
(i) 20 (ii) 10 (iii) 15 (iv) 35
n n n
28. If C 8 = C 6 then the value of C 2 is ______________
(i) 14 (ii) 8 (iii) 6 (iv) 91
100 100
29. If C r = C 4r the value of r is _____________
(i) 25 (ii) 20 (iii) 50 (iv) 100
30 In how many ways can 7 identical beats be strung in to a ring
(i) 630 (ii) 7 ! (iii) 360 (iv) 6!
Answer any 10 questions 10 x 3 = 30
30. How many diagonals are there in a polygon?
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31. In how many ways can five children stand in a queue?
32. In how many ways can a garland of 20 flowers are made ?
33. In how many ways can 8 students are seated in a circle
34. How many different words can be formed with letters of the word “HARYANA’
35. A family of 4 brothers and 3 sisters is to be arranged in a row, for a photograph. In how many
ways can they be seated, if
(i) all the sisters sit together
(ii) all the sisters are not together.
36. If Pr 3024 find r
9
37. If ( n1) P3 : n P4 1: 9 find n
38. How many numbers divisible by 5 and lying between 5000 and 6000 can be formed from the
digits 5,6,7,8 and 9 ?
39. How many odd numbers less than 1000 can be formed by using the digits 0,3,5,7 when repetition
of digits is not allowed?
40. If n P4 360 find the value of n
41. In how many ways can five children stand in a queue?
Answer any 4 questions 4 x 10 =40
42. A candidate is required to answer 7 questions out of 12 questions which are divided in to two
groups, each containing 6 questions. He is not permitted to attempt more than5 questions from
either group. In how many ways can he choose the 7 questions?
43. 56P(r + 6) : 54P(r + 3) = 30800 : 1 Find r
44. If (n + 2)C8 : n - 2P4 = 57 : 16 find n
45. If 28C2r : 24P(2r - 4) = 225 : 11 find r
(n + 2) n- 2
46. If C8 : P4 = 57 : 16 find n
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UNIT TEST 4
BINOMIAL THEORM AND MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION
Part A
Answer all the questions all 5 x1 =5
1. The total number of terms in the expansion of x a
4
a) 4 b) 3 c) 2 d) 5
2
2. The second term in the expansion of (2x+1)
a) 12 x2 b) 8x3 c) 6x d) 1
3. The last term in the binomial co efficient (x+a)n
a) an b) xn c) x d)a
4. The middle term in the expansion of (a-b)8
a) 4 b) 3 c) 6 d) 5
n
5. The sum of the binomial co efficient of (x+a) is
a) 2n b) 2n-1 c) 2n+1 d) None
Part B 7 x 5 = 35
6. Expand (2x+3y)5
7. Evaluate using Binomial theorem 1013
8. Simplify ( 2 + 1)5 + ( 2 - 1)5
11
æ 1ö
Find the co efficient of x 5 in the expansion of ççx - ÷
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9.
è x÷
ø
12
æ 2 1÷ö
10. Find the term independent of ç2x + ÷
çè xø
the
11. Evaluate the7 power of 11using Binomial theorem
12. Write the expansion of ( a-2b)5
13. Prove the following by the principle of mathematical induction
52n - 1 is divisible by24 for all n N
14. Prove the following by the principle of mathematical induction
4+8+12+………………………+4n = 2n(n+1)
Part C 6 x 10 =60
15. The first 3 terms in the expansion of (1-ax)n are 1-14x+84x2 find a and n
n (3n - 1)
16. Prove by induction method that 1+4+7+ ……………+ (3n-2) =
2
st nd 44
17. If the 21 term and 22 term in the expansion of (1+x) are equal find the value of x
18. In the expansion of (1+x) 20 , the coefficient of r th and (r+1)th terms are in the ratio 1:6 find the
value of r
19. Prove the following by the principle of mathematical induction a n - bn is divisible by (a-b)
20. Prove the following by the principle of mathematical induction The sum Sn = n3+3n2+5n+3 is
divisible by 3 for all nN
21. Prove by induction method that 72n + 16n - 1 is divisible by 64
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8
æ 2ö
22. Find the middle term in the expansion of çç3x - 2x ÷
÷
çè 3 ÷
ø
UNIT TEST 5
SEQUENCE AND SERIES
Part B
Answer any 10 questions 10 x 4 = 40
1 1 1
1. Find the 7 th term of the H.P , , .........
5 9 13
1 4 2
2. Find the 4 th term and 7 th
, , ......
term of the H. P
2 13 9,
1 1
3. The 9th term of an H. P is and the 20th term is Find the 40th term
465 388
4. If a,b.c are in G.P. Prove that log a m , log bm and log c m are in H.P.
5. Insert 5 Arithmetic mean between 1 and 19
6. The Arithmetic mean of two numbers is 34 and their geometric mean is 16 find the two numbers
1 1
7. The first and second terms of a H.P. are and respectively find the 9 th term
3 5
b a b c
8. If a,b,c are in H.P Prove that 2
b a b c
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9. The difference between two positive numbers is 18 and 4 times their G.M is equal to 5 times
their H.M Find the numbers
10. If the A.M between two numbers is 1 , prove that their H.M. is the square of their G.M
11. If a,b,c are in A.P ;and a , mb, c are in G.P then Prove that a, m2b. c are in H.P
12. If the pth and qth terms of a H.P are q and p respectively show that (pq)th term is 1
Part C
Answer any 6 questions 6 x 10 = 60
1
13. Write the first four terms in the expansion of where x 2
3
6 3x
11
14. Find the 5 th term in the expansion of 1 2x 3 2
1
15. Evaluate 3
correct to 4 places of decimals
128
16. find the value of 3 126 correct to four decimal places
(4 x 3) 9 x 3 x
17. If x is so small Prove that
6 9x 2 6
1 x x 2
18. If x is so small show that 1 x ( approx .)
1 x 2
1
19. If x is large and positive show that 3
x3 6 3 x3 3 ( approx .)
x2
8
20. If x is so large prove that x 2 25 x 2 9 nearly
x
UNIT TEST 6
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TRIGONOMETRY
PartA
Answer all the questions 1 x 20 =20
1. An angle between 0o and - 90o has its terminal side in
1
of a Complete rotation clock wise is
360
(i) -1o (ii) - 360o (iii) -90o (iv) 1o
2. If the terminal side is collinear with the initial side in the opposite direction then the angle
included is
(i) 0o (ii) 90o (iii) 1800 (iv) 270o
3. If p Cosec = Cot 45o then p is __________
(i) Cos45o (ii) tan 45o (iii) sin 45o (iv) sin
2 Cos
4. 1 Cos 2 1 sin
Co sec
(i) 0 (ii) 1 (iii) Cos 2 Sin 2 (iv) Sin 2 Cos 2
5. (Sin 60o+Cos60o) 2 + (Sin 60o –cos60o) 2 = _____________
(i) 3 (ii) 1 (iii) 2 (d) 0
1
6. ________
Sec 600 tan 600
32 3 2 1 3 1 3
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
2 3 2 3 2 2
2 2
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(i) 2 Cos
8. The value of
3
1
(ii) 3b Sin
is
3
x 3 y 3
7. If x = a Cos3 ; y = b Sin3 then is equal to __________
a b
(iii) 1 (iv) a b Sin2 Cos2
Sec (600 )
(i) ½ (ii) -2 (iii) 2 (iv) - ½
9. Sin (900+) Sec (360o-) = ______________
(i) Cosec (ii) - Cosec (iii) Cosec (iv) - Sec
1
10. When Sin A = , between 0o and 360o the two values of A are
2
(i) 60o and 135o (ii) 135o and 45o (iii) 135o and 175o (iv) 45o and 225o
11. If Cos (2n+) = Sin then ___________
(i) - (ii) = (iii) -=90o (iv) -=900
tan150 tan 750
12. is equal to __________
1 tan150 tan 750
1 3 1 2 3 3 1
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 1
1 3 1 2 3 1 3
13. The value of tan 435o is __________
1 3 1 3 1 3
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 1
1 3 3 1 1 3
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14. The value of cos9oCos 6o - Sin 9o Sin 6o is equal to __________
3 1
(i) 0 (ii) (iii) Sin 75o (iv) Sin 15o
4
15. tan x is __________
4
1 tan x
(i) (ii) t+ tan x (iii) - tan x (iv) tan
1 tan x 4
16. In a triangle ABC if Cot (A+B) = 1 then tan C is __________
(i) 0 (ii) 1 (iii) (iv) -1
17. If Sin A = 1 then Sin 2A is equal to _________
(i) 2 (ii) 1 (iii) 0 (iv) -1
18. The value of Sin 54o is ___________
1 5 5 1 5 1 5 1
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
4 4 4 4
1 Cos 15 0
19. The value of ______
1 Cos 150
15 10
(i) Sec 30o (ii) tan 2 (iii) tan 30o (iv) tan 2 7
2 2
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Answer any 5 questions
Part B
20. With out using the tables, Prove that Sin7800 Sin4800 Cos1200 Cos600
1
5 x 6= 30
2
1 5 tan 4 Sin
21. If Cos = and tan Show that =3
2 3Cos 3Sin
22. If A , B, C , D are angles of a cyclic quadrilateral prove that
Cos A + Cos B + Cos C + Cos D =0
c b
23. If a Sin2+bCos2=c, Show that tan2 =
ac
24.If x= a Cos + b Sin and y = a Sin - b Cos Show that x2+y2=a2+b2
1 1
24. If tan+Sec = x Show that 2 tan = x - and 2Sec = x +
x x
x 1
2
Hence show that Sin
x2 1
25. If tan A = 1 - CosB prove that tan 2A = tan B where A and B are acute angles
SinB
SecA Co sec A
26. Prove that (1+CotA+tanA)(Sin A-Cos A) = 2
Co sec A Sec 2 A
CosA SinA
27. Prove that SinA CosA
1 tan A 1 CotA
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Part C
Answer any 5 questions 5 x 10 =50
28. Given p = tan+Sin, tan-Sin and q p then Show that p2-q2 = 4 pq
28. Show that 3(Sin x-Cos x)4 + 6(Sin x+Cos x)2+4(Sin6x+Cos6x)=13
29. If Cos +Sin = 2Cos, Show that Cos - Sin = 2Sin
3 12
30. If A,B are acute angles , Sin A = Cos B = find Cos (A+B)
5 13
31. If Sin A = 1/3 , Sin B = ¼ find Sin (A+B)
32. If tan A = 3 and tan B = ½ Prove that A-B=
4
5
33. If Cos ( = 4/5 and Sin ( = Find tan 2
13
34. If A+B = 450 Show that (1+tanA)(1+tanB) =2 and hence
0
1
deduce the value of tan 22
2
35. If A+B+C =
(i)Prove that tan A + tan B + tan C = tan A tan B tan C
(ii) Prove that tan 2A + tan 2B + tan 2C = tan2A tan 2B tan 2C
36. Find the value of Sin 18o and hence deduce the value of Cos 36o
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37. If tan =
1
3
and tan =
1
7
Show that 2+ =
1
p
4
38. Prove that Cos 20o Cos 40o Cos 80o =
8
UNIT TEST 7
ANALYTICAL GEOMENTRY
Answer all the questions 1 x 20 =20
1. The angle made by the line x+y+7=0 with the positive direction of x axis is
______________
a) 45o b) 135o c) 210o d) 60o
3) The slope of the line 3x-5y+8=0 is _____________
3 3 5 5
a) b) - c) d) -
5 5 3 3
4) Two lines ax +by +c = 0 and px + qy +r=0 are perpendicular if _______
a b a q a p a q
a) b) c) d)
p q b p b q b p
5) Slope of the line perpendicular to ax +by +c=0 is _____________
a b b a
a) b) c) d)
b a a b
8) When ax + 3y + 5 = 0 and 2x + 6y + 7 = 0 are parallel then the value of
“a” is __________
a) 2 b) -2 c) 1 d) 6
9) The value of “a” for which 2x + 3y – 7 = 0 and 3x + ay + 5 = 0 are
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Perpendicular is ______________
a) 2 b) -2 c) 3 d) -3
10) The Value of “m” for which the point (2,3) lies on the line
2x-my+11 = 0 is
a) –5 b) O c) 3 d) 5
11) The slope of a line is –1, then the angle of inclination is ________
a) 135o b) 120o c) 180o d) 150o
12) The point of intersection of x + y = 3 and x – y =1 is __________
a) (1,1) b) (1,0) c) (2,1) d) (1,-1)
13) When does the line 4x + 3y – 12 = 0 meet the x axis ?
a) (3,0) b) (0,3) c) (0,4) d) (4,0)
14) The line 2x + 3y + 1= 0 and m x + 2y + 7 = 0 are perpendicular then
The value of m is ____________
a) 1 b) -1 c) 2 d) -3
15) The slope of the line 2x – 3y + 1 = 0 is
2 3 3 2
a) b) c) d) -
3 2 2 3
16) Which of the following has the greatest y intercept in magnitude ?
a) 2x+3y=4 b) x+2y=3 c) 3x + 4y = 5 d) 4x+5y=6
17) If the equation of the straight line is y 3x 4 , then the angle made by the
Straight line with the positive direction of x axis is
a) 45o b) 30o c) 60o d) 90o
18) If the straight line a1x+b1y+c=0 and a2x+b2y+c2 = 0 are perpendicular , then
a b a b a b c
a) 1 1 b) 1 1 c) a1a 2 b1b2 d) 1 1 1
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a2 b2 a 2 b2 a 2 b2 c 2
19) Which of the following is a parallel line to 3x+4y+5=0 ?
a) 4x+3y+6=0 b) 3x-4y+6=0 c) 4x-3y+9=0 d) 3x +4y+6=0
20) Which of the following is the equation of a straight line that is neither
parallel nor perpendicular to the straight line given by x +y=0 ?
a) y=x b) y-x+2=0 c) 2y=4x+1 d) y+x+2=0
Part B
21. A and B are two points (1,0) and (-2,3) . Find the equation of the locus of a
point such that PA = 4 PB
22. If the point P ( 5t-4, t+1 ) lies on the line 7x-4y+1= 0 Find the value of t
Find also the co – ordinates of P
23. Find the equation of the straight line passing through the point (1,2) and making intercepts on the
co ordinate axes which are in the ratio 2: 3
24. Find the length of the perpendicular from (2,-3) to the line 2x-y+9=0
25. Find the angle between the straight lines 3x – 2y +9 =0 and 2x+y-9=0
26. Find the equation of the straight line passing through the point (1,-2) and parallel to The
straight line 3x+2y-7=0
27. Find the distance between the parallel lines 2x+y-9=0 and 4x+2y+7=0
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28. Find the equation of the straight line joining the point (4,-3) and the intersection of the lines
2x-y+7=0 and x+y-1=0
29. For what value of m the three straight lines 3x+y+2=0, 2x-y+3=0 and x+my-3=0 are concurrent ?
Part C
30. Find the equation of the straight line passing through the intersection of
the straight lines 2x+y=8 ;and 3x-y=2 and through the point (2,-3)
31. Find the co ordinates of the orthocenter of the triangle whose vertices are the points
(-2,-1) (6,-1) and (2,5)
32. Find the equation of the straight line passing through the intersection of
the lines 5x-6y=1 and 3x+2y+5=0 and perpendicular to the line 3x-5y+11=0
33. Find the values of p for which the straight lines 8px+(2-3p)y+1=0 and
px+8y-7=0 are perpendicular to each other
34. Find the point on the y axis whose perpendicular distance from the straight line 4x-3y-12=0
35. Find the co-ordinates of the points on the straight line y=x+1 which are at a Distance of 5 units
from the straight line 4x-3y+20 =0
36. A and B are the two points (1,0) and (-2,3) Find the equation of the locus of a Point such that
PA2+PB2 = 10
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PAIR OF STRAIGHT LINES
Part B
Answer any 8 questions 8 x 5= 40
1. Find the angle between the straight lines x2+4xy+3y2=0
2. Find the angle between the pair of straight line ( a 2 3b 2 )x 2 8abxy (b 2 3a 2 ) y 2 0
3. Show that if one of the angles between pair of straight lines then (a+3b) (3a+b) = 4 h2
4. The slope of one of the straight lines of ax2+2hxy+by2=0 thrice that of the other, Show that
3h2=4ab
5. The slope of one of the straight lines ax2+2hxy+by2=0 is twice that of the other, Show that
8h2=9ab
6. Show that x2-y2+x-3y-2=0 represents a pair of straight lines. Also find the angle between
them
7. Show that the equation 3x2+7xy+2y2+5x+5y+2=0 represents a pair of straight lines and also
find the angle between the straight lines
8. Show that 3x2+10xy+8y2+14x+22y+15=0 represents a pair of straight lines and the angle
2
between them is tan 1
11
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9. Combined the equation of the straight lines whose separate equations are x+2y-3=0 and
3x-y+4=0
10. Find the combined equation of the straight lines whose separate equations are x+2y-3=0
and 3x+y+5=0
Part C
Answer any 5 questions 5 x10 =50
11. For what value of k does 12x2+7xy+ky2+13x-y+3=0 represents a pair of straight lines?
Also write the separate equations.
12. If the equation 12x2-10xy+2y2+14x-5y+c=0 represents a pair of straight lines, find the
value of c. Find the separate equations of the straight lines and also the angle between
them
13. If the equation ax2+3xy-2y2-5x+5y+c=0 represents a pair of perpendicular straight lines,
find the value of a and c
14. Show that 9x2+24xy+16y2+21x+28y+6=0 represents a pair of parallel
straight lines and find the distance between them
15. Show that the equation 4x2+4xy+y2-6x-3y-4=0 represents a pair of
parallel lines and find the distance between them
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16. Find the combined equation of the straight lines through the origin, one of
Which is parallel to and the other is perpendicular to the straight line 2x+y+1=0
UNIT TEST 9
CIRCLES
Part A
Answer all the questions 1x20 = 20
1. The center of the circle x2+y2+6y-9=0 is _____________
a) (0,3) b) (0.-3) c) (3, 0) d) ( -3.0)
2. The equation of the circle with center at (0,0) and radius 3 units is _________
a) x2+y2=3 b) x2+y2=9 c) x2+y2= 3 d) x2+y2 =3 3
3. The length of the diameter of a circle with center (1,2) and passing through the Point (5,5) is
__________
a) 5 b) 45 c) 10 d) 56
2 2
4. If (1,-3) is the center of the circle x +y +ax+by+9=0 its radius is
a) 10 b) 1 c) 5 d) 19
2 2
5. The area of the circle (x-2) +(y-4) =25 is _______________
a) 25 b) 5 c) 10 d) 25
6. The equation of tangent at (1,2) to the circle x +y2=5 is _____________
2
a) x + y=5 b) x+2y=5 c) x-y=5 d) x-2y=5
2 2
7. The length of tangent from (3,4) to the circle x +y -4x+6y-1=0 is ___________
a) 7 b) 6 c) 5 d) 8
2 2
8. If y= 2x + c is a tangent to the circle x +y =5 then the value of c is ___________
a) 5 b) 25 c) 5 d) 2
2 2
9. The center of the circle 2x +2y +6x+8y-41 = 0 is_____________
a) (-6,-8) b) (6,8) c) (-3.-4) d)(3,4)
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10. The length of the tangent from (1,2) to the circle x2+y2+x+2y+5=0 is _________
a) 15 b) 15 c) 10 d)10
2 2
11. The radius of the circle x +y +6x-8y=0 is ________
a) 25 b) 0 c) 5 d) 5
12. The length of the diameter of the circle with center (2,1) and passing through the Point (-2,1)is
a) 4 b) 8 c) 4 5 d) 2
13. Given that (1,-1) is the center of the circle x2+y2 +ax+by-9=0
Its radius is
a) 3 b) 2 c) 11 d) 11
14. The equation of a circle with centre (0,0) and passing through the point (5,0) is
a) x2+y2-10x=0 b) x2+y2=25 c) x2+y2+10x=0 d) x2+y2-10y=0
2 2
15. The radius of the circle x +y -2x+4y-4=0 is
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4
16. The center of the circle x2+y2+2x-4y-4=0 is
a) (2,4) b) (1,2) c) (-1,2) d) ( -2,-4)
17. If 2x+3y=0 and 3x-2y=0 are the equations of two diameters of a circle , then its center is
a) (1,-2) b) (2,3) c) (0,0) d) (-3,2)
18. . If the line y= 2x-c is a tangent to the circle x2+y2=5 , then the value of c is
a) 5 b) 5 5 c) 5 d) r1 r2
19.The length of the tangent from (4,5) to the circle x +y2=25 is
2
a) 5 b) 4 c) 25 d) 16
20. Which of the following point lies inside the circle x2+y2+2x-4y-5=0
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a) (5,10) b) (-5,7)
Answer any 5 question
c) (9,0)
Part B
d) (1,1)
5 x 6 = 30
21. For what values of a and b does the equation (a-2)x2+by2+(b-2)xy+4x+4y=0
represents a circle ? Write down the resulting equation of the circle.
22. x+2y=7, 2x+y=8 are two diameters of a circle with radius 5 units find the equation
of the circle
23. Find the Cartesian equation of the circle whose parametric equation are
x = 2Cos and y= 2 Sin 0 2
24. Find the equation of tangent to the circle x2+y2-4x+8y-5=0 at (2,1)
25. Find the value of p if the line 3x+4y-p=0 is a tangent to the circle x2+y2=64
26. Show that the circles x2+y2-2x+6y+6=0 and x2+y2-5x-6y+15=0 touch each other
27. Prove that the circles x2+y2-8x+6y-23=0 and x2+y2-2x-5y+16=0 are orthogonal
Part C
Answer any 5 question 5 x10= 50
28. Find the circles which cuts orthogonally each of the circles
x2+y2+2x+4y+1=0 , x2+y2-4x+3=0 and x2+y2+6y+5=0
29. Find the length of the chord intercepted by the circle
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x2+y2-2x-y+1=0 and the line x-2y=1
30. Find the equation of the circle passing through the points (1,1) (2,-1) and (3,2)
31. Find the equation of the circle whose centre is on the line x=2y and which passes
Through the points (-1,2) and (3,-2)
32. Find the co-ordinates of the point of intersection of the line
x + y=2 with the circle x2+y2=4
33. Find the equation of the circle, which is concentric with the circle x2+y2-4x-6y-9=0 and passing
through the point (-4,-5)
Unit test 10
FUNCTIONS AND GRAPHS
Part A
Answer all the questions 20 x 1 =20
1. _______________ was the first scientist who gave the functions concept
1) Leonard Euler 2) Demo ire’s 3) Leibniz 4) Archimedes
2. , is called
1) Closed interval 2) finite interval 3) open interval 4) semi open interval
3. In the space the neighborhood of a point defined as
1) sphere 2) open disc 3) open interval 4) closed interval
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4. When A = r A is called _____________ variable
2
1) independent 2) dependent 3) independent as well as dependent
4) independent or dependent
5. f(x) = x the name of the functions is called __________ function
1) Trigonometry 2) square root 3) exponential 4) logarithm
6. Given f(x) = 2x+1 x R then f 1 (x) is
x 1 x 1 1 1
1) fof 1 0 2) 3) 4)
2 2 2x 1 2x 1
7. Composition of any two function is always
1) Non commutative 2) commutative 3) not commutative 4) None
8. f(x) is said to be invertible function only if
1) f o f 1 = I 2) fof 1 0 3) fof 1 1 4) fof 1 0
9. The graph of the identity function is a
1) st. line passing through origin 2) circle 3) parabola 4 ) ellipse
10. The graph of the Linear function is a
1) Straight line 2) point 3) Circle 4) parabola
11. The inverse of exponential function is a ___________ function
1) Identity 2) Linear 3) logarithmic 4) exponential
12. The domain 0, of a logarithmic function becomes the co domain of the
1 ) Identity 2) Linear 3) logarithmic 4) exponential
1
13. g: R* ____ R defined by g(x) = then g(x) is called ________ function
2
1) reciprocal 2) inverse 3) invertible 4 ) identity
1
14. The graph of the reciprocal function f(x) = is a
x
1) Hyperbola 2) Straight line 3) Rectangular hyperbola 4) Circle
15. The range of Signum function is
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1) 1, 0 2) 1, 0 3) 1, 0,1 4) 1,1
16. The number of type of trigonometrically function are
1) 2 2) 3 3) 4 4) 1
17. The principle domain of f(x) = Sin x is
1) , 2) , 3) 0, 4) ,
2 2 2 2
18. The inequality x2 7 x 6 0 the value of x lies
1) out side of (1,6) 2) inside of (1,6) 3) out side of [1,6] 4) out side of [1,6]
19. The solution set of 4x2-25 0 is
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
1) , , 2) , , 3) , , 4) , ,
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
20. The in equation 64 x 48x 9 0
2
3 3 8
1) x = 2) x = 3) x = 4) no solution
8 8 3
Part B
Answer any 5 the questions 5 x 6 =30
21. Show that the graph of x2+y2=4 is not the graph of the function
22. Show that the function y =x2 is not one to one function
23. The t wo functions f(x) =x2+1 and g(x) = x-1 Find fog and gof and Show that they are not equal
x 1
24. Let f and g are the two function defined by f(x) =2x+1 and g(x) =
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Show that the two functions are commutative.
25. f(x) is defined by f(x) = 2x+1 find f 1 x
2
26. Draw the rough diagram of (i) y= ex and (ii) log e x
UNIT TEST 11
LIMITS AND CONTINUITY AND DIFFERENTIATION
Part A
Answer all the questions 1 x 10 =10
x4
, for x 4
1. The left limit of f(x) = x 4
0 , for x 4
1) 0 2) 1 3) -1 4) None
x 1
3
2. The value of lim is
x 1 x 1
1) 3 2) 1 3) 0 4)
x 2n
n
3. The positive integer n so that lim 32 is
x 2 x 2
1) 4 2) 5 3) 2 4) 2
1 cos x
4. The value of lim is
x 0 x2
1
1) 1 2) 3) 2 4) 0
2
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1
5. =?
e
1) 2 2) 1 3) 0 4) None
a 1
x
6. lim = ________
x 0 x
1) log a 2) 1 3) ax 4) 0
5 6
x x
7. lim = __________
x 0 x
6 5 1 1
1) log 2) log 3) log 4) log
5 6 6 5
1
8. lim 1 x x ?
x 0
1
1) 0 2) e 3)
4) 1
e
9. The Graph of the constant function is
1) Straight lines parallel to x axis 2) a straight line perpendicular to x axis
3) a straight line parallel to y axis 4) None
10. Which of the following statements are correct
a. Every differentiable function is continuous
b. Every continuous function is differentiable
c. Constant function is not continuous
d. Exponential function is not continuous
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Answer any 5 questions
11. Evaluate the left and right limit of f(x) =
Part B
x 27
3
6 x5 =30
at x=3 Does the limit of f(x) as x3 exists
x3
12. Evaluate lim
3 x
1 cos x e x
x 0 x
x 1 2
13. Differentiate with respect to x
x2 1
1 x2
14. Differentiate Cos 1 2
with respect to x
1 x
dy
15. Find if x= a(+sin) y = a (1- cos)
dx
16. Let y = A cos 4x + B sin4x Where A and B are constants Show that y2+16y=0
Part C
Answer any 6 questions 6 x 10 =60
1
17. If y = e tan x Prove that (1+x2)y2+(2x-1)y1=0
18. If x= sin t y = sin pt Show that (1-x2) y2-xy1+p2y=0
dy
19. Find for xy =yx
dx
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cos x sin x 1 x 2 1
(ii) tan
1 1
20. Differentiate (i) tan
cos x sin x x
1 if x 3
21. Find the values of a and b so that the functions f(x) = ax b if 3 x 5
7 if x 5
is continuous at x=3 and x=5
Sin
22. Prove that lim 1
0
TEST 12
ANSWER ALL THE QUESTION
EACH QUESTION CARRIES 5 MARKS
1 dx
1. (a) dx (b)
x 5x 7
2
9 x 25
1 1
2. Evaluate x 2
log 2 dx
x
Cos x dx
3
3.
1 1
4. Evaluate (i) 1 9x 2
dx
4 x 25
(ii) 2
dx
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5. Evaluate (i) sec x tan x dx (ii) Evaluate
6. Evaluate x e
3
4x
dx
x cos 2 x dx
sec x dx
3
7. Evaluate
Cosx
8. Evaluate a) x log x dx b) Sinx
dx
9. (i) sin 7 x Cos5 x dx (ii) x sec2 x dx
1
10. Evaluate : 6 x x2
dx
x
2
11. Evaluate : log xdx
log(tan x)
12. Integrate (a) 1 Sinx dx (b) Sin2 x
dx
x
13. Evaluate 5 6x 9x 2
dx
dx
14. Integrate (i) e x
e x
(ii) 2 x 3 x 1 dx
4x 1
15. Integrate (i) Cos3x Sin4 x dx (ii) x 2
3x 1
dx
3x 5
16. Evaluate x2 2 x 3
dx
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17. (i) Prove that
dx
x2 a2
log x x a 2 2
c x2
(ii) 3 dx
x 1
dx
18. Integrate (i) 1 3x x 2 dx (ii) 2 x 3 2
42
4x 3
19. Evaluate x2 2 x 1
dx
x 2 a2 x
20. Prove that a 2 x 2 dx
2
a x 2 sin 1 c
2 a
UNIT TEST 13
PROBABILITY ONE MARK TEST
PART A
Answer any 10 questions 15 x 1 = 15
1. P(A) + P( A) = is __________
a) -1 b) 0 c) 1 d) None of these
2. If A and B are mutually exclusive events then P (AUB) is ______
a) P(A) + P(B) b) P(A)+P(B) – P( A B) c) 0 d) None
3. The probability of drawing any one spade card from a pack of 52 card is
1 1 1
a) b) c) d) None
52 13 4
4. The probability of drawing one white ball from a bag containing 6 red, 8 black and 10 yellow balls
is ________________
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a)
1
52
5. P A is __________
B
P( A B)
b) o
P( A B)
c)
1
24
P( A B)
d) None
a) b) c) d) None
P( B) P( B) P( A)
6. If A and B are independent event, then P( A B) is ______
A
a) P (A) P(B) b) P(A) + P(B) c) P d) P(A) – P(B)
B
7. Probability of sure event is __________
a) 1 b) -1 c) 0 d) S
8. Probability of an impossible event is _______
a) 1 b) 0 c) 2 d)
9. Three coins are tossed once. Find the probability of getting exactly two heads
a) ½ b) 3/8 c) ¼ d) 1/8
10. A bag contains 5 white and 7 black balls, 2 balls are drawn at random the number of sample space
is_________
1) 10C2 2) 5C2 3) 7C2 4) 12C2
11. A single card is drawn from a pack of 52 cards. the probability that the card is either queen (or)
7
1) 1/13 2) ½ 3) 2/13 4)None
12. In box containing 10 bulbs, 2 are defective. What is the probability that among 5 bulbs chosen at
random none is defective ?
1) 1/5 2) 4/5 3) 2/3 4) ¾
13. The chance that non leap year should have 53 Sundays
1) 1/7 2) 2/7 3) 3/7 4) 4/7
14. The chance that a leap year should have 53 Mondays
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1) 1/7 2) 2/7 3) 3/7 4) 4/7
15. If A B then
1) P(A) < P(B) 2) P(A) >P(B) 3) P(A) P(B) 4) P(A) P(B)
Part B
Answer any 5 questions 5 x 5 =25
11. An integer is chosen at random from the first fifty positive integer. What is
the probability that the integer is a prime (or) multiple of 4.
12. State and prove addition theorem on Probability
13. The probability that a girl will get an admission in IIT is 0.16 the probability
that she will get an admission in Govt .Media cal college is 0.24 and the
probability that she will get both is 0.11 Find the Probability that she will
get only one of the two seats.
14. Two cards are drawn one by one at random from a pact of 52 cards What is
the probability of getting two Jacks if (i) the first card is replaced before the
second card is drawn (ii) the first card is not replaced before the second
card is drawn.
15. A speaks truth in 80% cases and B is 75% cases. In what percentage of cases
are they likely to contradict each other in stating the same fact?
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16. One bag contains 5 white and 3 black balls Another bag contain if 4 white
and 6 black balls If one ball is drawn from each bag. Find the probability
that (i) both are white (ii) both are black (iii) one white and one black.
Part C
Answer all the questions 6 x 10 =10
17. The chances of X,Y and Z becoming mangers of a certain company are 4:2:3 The probabilities
that bonus scheme will be introduced if X,Y and Z become managers are 0.3, 0.5 ;and 0.4
respectively What is the probability that Z is appointed as the manager.
18. A problem in Mathematics is given to three students whose chance of solving it are ½ 1/3 and
¼ (i) What is the probability that the problem is solved (ii) what is the probability that
exactly one of them will solve it.
19. Given P(A) =0.45 and P(AUB) =0.75 Find P(B) if (i) A and B are Mutually
Exclusive (ii) A and B are independent P(A/B) =0.5 (iv) P(B/A) = 0.5
20. Two cards are drawn from a pack of 52 cards in success find the probability that both are King
when (i) the first drawn card is replaced (ii) the card is not replaced
21. A cricket club has 15 members of whom only 5 can bowl. What is the probability that in a team
of 11 members at least 3 bowler are selected.
22. State and Prove Multiplication theorem on Probability
FULL PORTION
ONE MARK TESTS
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TEST 1
Section A
Answer all the questions 1 x 40 =40
2 1 5
1. If 3 0 2 is a singular matrix then the value of m is _________
4 2 m
a) 1 b) 0 c) 5 d) 10
2a b a b
2. The value of 2b c b c is
2c a a b
a) 0 b) a+b+c c) abc d) 2abc
3. If OP 2i 3 j 5k and the mid point of PQ is 3i j k then OQ is
a) i 4 j 4k b) i 4 j 4k c) 4i 5 j 3k d) i 2 j 6k
4. Given that 3i 4 j k and 6i 8 j xk are parallel then the value of x is
a) 2 b) -2 c) -14 d) 0
1 A B
5. then A and B are _________
x2 1 x 1 x 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
a) , b) , c) , d) ,
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
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n 1
2
6. The value of 8 P3 is _______
2
a) 24 b) 336 c) 56 d) 11
7. Number of terms in the expansion of (2x+3)7 is _________
a) infinity b) 6 c) 7 d) 8
8. Sum of the binomial co efficient is ___________
2
a) 2n b) 2n1 c) 2n d) 2n1
n2 1
9. The 6 th term in the given sequence an = n2-1 if n is odd, if n is even
2
17 37 5
a) b) c) d) 24
2 2 2
1 x
10. The series of log is ____________
1 x
x3 x5 x3 x5 2 x3 2 x5 2 x3 2 x5
a) x ............ b) x ............ c) 2 x ............ d) 2 x ............
3 5 3! 5! 3 5 3! 5!
11. The sum of 5 Arithmetic mean between two number is _______ times the simple arithmetic mean
between them
a) 25 b) 100 c) 5 d) 10
1 1
12. The first term and the third term of HP are and then the section term is
3 7
1 1 1 1
a) b) c) d)
5 21 10 21
13. The equation of the straight line parallel to x-2y+4 =0 and passing through origin is ________
a) x-2y+1=0 b) x+2y+1=0 c) x-2y=0 d) x+2y=0
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14. y=2x and y=3x are two separate lines. The combined equation of their pair of lines is
__________
a) y=5x b) y=6x c) y2=6x2 d) 6x2-5xy+y2=0
15. The quadrant in which -140o lies in the __________ quadrant
a) Third b) second c) first d) fourth
16. If (-2,-3) is a point on the terminal side of Cos is _______
3 2 3
a) 13 b) c) d)
13 13 2
o
17. Sin (-780 ) is ____________
3 3 1 1
a) b) - c) d) -
2 2 2 2
18. tan 15o is _______
a) 2+ 3 b) 2 - 3 c) 3 -2 d) 1 - 2
Cos17o Sin17o
19. ________
Cos17o Sin17o
a) tan 62o b) tan 26o c) tan 34o d) None
20. Cos 2A – Cos 4A = _________
a) Sin 3A Sin A b) cos2A CosA c) 2 Sin3A Sin A d) 2Cos2ACosA
1
21. The general solution of Sin = is _______
2
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a) 2n (1) n
6
b) n
6
c) 2n
6
d) n (1) n
6
22. If f(x) =-f(-x) for all x in the domain then the function is called ________function
a) Zero b) even c) odd d) identity
23. The range for y= cos x is _________
a) , b) 0, c) 0,1 d) 1,1
24. The function f: R R defined by f(x) = x3+5x2+3 is a polynomial function of degree ________
a) 1 b) 3 c) 2 d) 5
x 2x 3
2
25. The domain of the rational function f(x) = is ________
x2 x
a) (0,1) b) (-3,1) c) R- (0,1) d) R – (-3,1)
26. The solution of x2-5x+6>0 is
a)(2,3) b) R – (2,3) c) , 2 (3, ) d) , 2 (3, )
27. The domain of y= cot x is _________
a) k b) R – { k } c) k d) R - k
2 2
ex 1
28. lim is _______
x 0 x
a) e-1 b) e c) 0 d) 1
x( x 1)( x 2)
29. lim _______
x x3 4
1
a) 1 b) c) infinity d) Zero
2
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ax 2 1
30. The value of a if lim 2 1 is ________
x x 1
a) 0 b) 1 c) -1 d) None
x
31. The derivative of a is
a) ax b) x ax-1 c) ax loga d) x loga
dy
32. y= Sin (x2) then is
dx
a) 2x Sin (x2) b) 2x Cos 2x c) Cos (x2) d) 2x Cos(x2)
dy
33. Given that y= log (logs) then is ______
dx
1 1 1 1
a) 2 b) c) d)
x log x log log x x log x
34. 2Sin5 x Cos 2 x dx is
Cos3x Cos3x Cos3x Cos3x
a) Sin 7x + Sin 3x b) 7Cos7x+3Cos3x c) d)
7 3 7 3
x2 1
35. x dx ______
x3 x x2 x 2 x 1 1
a) b) log x c) d) 1
x2 2 2 1 x2
36. Sin6 x Cosx dx _______
Cos 7 x Sin 7 x
a) b) Sin6x c) d) Sin7 x
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37. x
7
1
2
dx is _______
x
7
1
3
x x
3 1
1 x x
2 2
x2
a) x 2 b) c) d) log x 2 x
x 3 3 2
38. If P(A) = 0.35 , P(B) =0.73 , P A B 0.14 then P A B _______
a) 0.49 b) 0.94 d) 0.87c) 0.21
A
39. Given that P(A) =0.4 , P(B) = 0.5, P(AUB)=0.25 then P is
B
a) 0.65 b) 0.9 c) 0.625 d) 0.5
40. P(A) = 0.2 , P(B) =0.3 A and B are independent find P(AUB) = _______
a) 0.44 b) 0.6 c) 0.5 d) 0.15
TEST 2
SECTION A
Answer all the questions 1 x 40 =40
1. The order of matrix B = [1 2 5 7 ] is
1) 1x4 2) 4x1 3) 2x1 4) 1x1
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8 5 7
2. The matrix 0 6 4 is
0 0 2
1) the upper triangular 2) lower triangular 3) square matrix 4) null matrix
3. The unit vector parallel to i k
ik i j i j ik
1) 2) 3) 4)
2 2 2 2
4. If the initial point of vector 2i 3 j is (-1,5,8) then the terminal point is
_______________
1) 3i 2 j 8k 2) 3i 2 j 8k 3) 3i 2 j 8k 4) 3i 2 j 8k
12 x 17 A 5
5. If the value of A is
( x 2)( x 1) ( x 2) ( x 1)
1) 5 2) 7 3) 12 4) -17
6. If n ! = (n-1)!, then n = _____________
1) 0 2) 1 3) 2 4)5
7. The sum of all binomial co efficient is ___________
1) n2 2) n-1 3) 2n 4) n+1
8. A polygon has 44 diagonals then the number of its sides is ____________
1) 11 2) 7 3) 8 4) 12
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9. The value of elogx = ?
1) x 2) 1 3) e 4) x>0
10. The A.M. , G.M. and H.M between two positive numbers a and b are equal then
1) a=b 2) ab=1 3) a>b 4) a<b
11. The sum to the first 25 terms of the series 1+2+3+…………. Is
a) 203 b) 325 c) 315 d) 335
12. The A.M between two numbers is 5 and the G.M is 4. Then H.M. between them is
1 1
1) 3 2) 1 3) 9 4) 1
5 4
2
13. P,Q,R are points on the same line with slope of PQ= , then the slope of QR
3
is ----------------
2 2 3 3
1) 2) 3 - 3) 4) -
3 3 2 2
14. The Value of “m” for which the point (2,3) lies on the line 2x-my+11 = 0 is
1) –5 2) O 3) 3 4) 5
15. If 2x2+kxy+4y2=0 represents a pair of parallel lines then k =?
1) 32 2) 2 2 3) 4 2 4) 8
1
16. of a Complete rotation clock wise is
360
1) -1o 2) - 360o 3) -90o 4) 1o
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2 2
x 3 y 3
17. If x = a Cos ; y = b Sin then is equal to __________
3 3
a b
1) 2 Cos 2) 3b Sin
3 3
3) 1 4) a b Sin2 Cos2
18. The value of 4 Sin 18o Cos 36o is equal to ____________
3 3
1) -1 2) 3) 1 4) -
2 2
19. In any triangle ABC is
abc abc abc
1) abc 2) 3) 4)
4R 2R R
1 1
20. tan x Cot x _________
1) -1 2) - 3) 4)
2
1 Cos 150
21. The value of ______
1 Cos 150
15
1) Sec 30o 2) tan 2
2
0
o 2 1
3) tan 30 4) tan 7
2
22. Which of the following statements is / are true?
a. sum of two odd functions is an odd function
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b. Inverse exists for a linear function
c. (2,3) is the superset of [2,3]
d. f(x) = x2 + 1 is not a bijective function
1) a,b 2) a,b,c 3) a,b.d 4) b.c.d
2
23. x -5x+6<0 has ____________ solution
a) x (2,3) b) x (-∞,2)U (3,∞) c) x [2,3] d) None
24. Identify the correct statement
1) The set of real numbers is a closed set
2) The set of all – non negative real numbers is represented by (0, ∞ )
3) The set [3,7] indicates the set of all natural numbers between 3 and 7
4) (2,3) is a subset of [2,3]
25. Which one of following is on to ?
1) f : R R ; f(x) = x2 2) f : R R ; f(x) = x2+1
3) f: R { 1,-1} ; f(x) = x-1 4) f : R R ; f(x) = - x2
(e x e)
26. lim is ________
x 1 ( x 1)
a) 1 b) 0 c) ∞ d) e
26. f(x)=x3-8x2+10 then f 1( ) = _______________
a) 13 b) 12 c) -13 d) -12
27. lim xCotx is _______
x 0
a) 0 b) -1 c) ∞ d) 1
28. L f ’ ( ) for the function f(x) = x is
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1) 2) 0 3) -1 4) 2
29. The function y = tan x is continuous at
3
1) x= 0 2) x = 3) x = 4) x= -
2 2 2
30. The true statements of the following are
1. The composition of function fog and the product of functions fg are same
2. For the composition of functions fog, the co domain of g must be domain of f
3. If fog, gof exist then fog=gof
4. If the function f and g are having same domain and co domain then
fg=gf
1) all 2) (ii),(iii)and (iv) 3) (iii) and (iv) 4) (ii) and (iv)
2, x 1
31.The function f(x) = P( A B) is not differentiable at
x, x 1
1) x = 0 2) x = -1 3) x = 1 4) x= -2
2
1
32. lim 1 is
x
x
1
1) e 2) -e 3) 4) 0
e
c dy
33. If x = ct , y = then is
t dx
1 1
1) t 2) -t 3) 2 4) - 2
t t
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34. Cos x dx ?
1)
2
cos3 x
3
+c 2) -
Sin3 x
3
+c 3)
1
2
x
Sin2 x
2
c 4)
1
2
1 Sin2 x c
xe dx ?
x
35.
x2 x
1) e x ( x 1) c 2) e c 3) e x ( x 1) c 4) x ex +c
2
36. cot x dx ?
1) Cosec2x+c 2) log (Sin x)+c 3) tan x +c 4) log (Cosec x) +c
x 6
37. 3x dx ?
x2
1) 84 2) 48 3) 54 4) 18
38. “The theory of probability is nothing more than good sense confirmed by calculation” said by
1) Lap lace 2) Ramanujam 3) Newton 4) Leibniz
39. Two coins are tossed simultaneously. What is the probability of getting exactly one head
1) 1/3 2) ½ 3) ¾ 4) 2/3
40.Given that P(A) =0.35, P(B)=0.73 and P( A B) =0.14
then the value of P( A B) =?
1) 0.94 2) 0.49 3) 0.59 4) 0.21
TEST 3
SECTION A
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Answer all the questions 1 x 40 = 40
1. The true statements of the following are
(i) Every unit matrix is a scalar matrix
(ii) Every scalar matrix is a diagonal matrix
(iii) Every diagonal matrix is a square matrix
1) all b) (i) and (ii) c) (ii) and (iii) d) (i) and (iii)
2 3 5
2. The cofactor of -7 in 7 0 4
6 1 5
1) 20 2) 140 3) -20 4) 12
3. IF G is the centroid of a triangle ABC and O is any other point then
OA OB OC
1) O 2) OG 3) 4 OG 4) 3 OG
4. a 2i j 8k ; b i 3 j 4k then a b = ?
13 3 4
1) 13 2) 3) 4)
3 13 13
12 x 17 7 B
5. If the value of B is
( x 2)( x 1) ( x 2) ( x 1)
1) 5 2) 7 3) 12 4) -17
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6 . If 2 x = 12 then the value of x is
1) 4 2) 3 3) 1 4) 2
7. In how many different ways can 4 identical toys be placed which
form a circle
a) 6 b) 3 c) 4 d) 24
8 . The value of nC0 nC1 nC2 ............. nCn is
1) 0 2) n 3) 2n 4) 2n-1
9. The sum to the first 25 terms of the series 1+2+3+…………. Is
1) 203 2) 325 3) 315 4) 335
10. The A, G, H are respectively Arithmetic mean, Geometric mean and Harmonic mean
then
1) A>G>H 2) A<G<H 3) A<G>H 4) A>G<H
12. When the terms of a G.P are written in reverse order the progression formed is
1) A.P 3) G.P. 3) H.P. 4) A.P. and H.P
13. The angle made by the line x+y+7=0 with the positive direction of x axis is
______________
a) 45o b) 135o c) 210o d) 60o
14. When ax + 3y + 5 = 0 and 2x + 6y + 7 = 0 are parallel then the value of
“a” is __________
a) 2 b) -2 c) 1 d) 6
15. The graph of xy=0 is
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1) a point 2) a line
3) a pair of intersecting lines 4) a pair of parallel lines
16. One radian is equal to ( in terms of degree)
180o 180o 11
1) 2) 3) 4)
11 180o 180o
17. The product (s-a)(s-b)(s-c) is equal to
2
1) 2) 3 ) 2 4)
s s
18. The value of Sin (2460o) is
3
1) ½ 2) ¾ 3) – ½ 4)
2
3
19. The principle value of Cos x = is
2
1) 2) - 3) 4) -
6 6 3 3
1
20. If Cot – 1 = the value of cos is
7
1 1
1) 5 2 2) 3) - 5 2 4) -
5 2 5 2
21. The value of tan 15o is
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1) 2- 3 2) 2+ 3 3) 3 -2 4) 3 +2
22. Which of the following is not one to one ?
1) f : R R ; f(x) = x2 2) f : R R ; f(x) = x2+1
x
3) f: R { 1, -1 } ; f(x) = 4) f : R R ; f(x) = -x2
x
x (a 2) x a
2
for x 2
23. If the function f(x) = x2 is continuous at x=3 then the value of a is
2 for x 2
1) 3 2) -1 3) 0 4)1
24. The interval (a , ∞ ) is called
1) finite interval 2) infinite interval 3) closed interval 4) semi open interval
25. The domain of the function f(x) = 1 x 2 is
1) [-1,1] 2) (-1,1) 3) (0,1) 4) [ 0, 1]
26. The function f(x) = x is called
1) constant function 2) identity function 3) rational function 4) absolute
function
27. The range of the exponential function is always
1) real numbers 2) positive real number 3) negative real number 4) None
1
28. lim(1 x) x ?
x 0
1) e 2) 1/e 3) 0 4 )1
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29. Let f(x) = A and B be the greatest integer function then
1) f(x) is continuous at all integral values
2) f(x) is discontinuous at all integral values
3) x=0 is the only discontinuous point
4) x=1 is the only continuous point
x2 1
30. The function f(x) = 2 is continuous at all points of R except at
x 3x 2
1) x = 1 2) x = 2 3) x = 1,2 4) x = -1 ,-2
31. The derivative of f(x) = x2 x at x = 0 is
1) 0 2) -1 3) -2 4) 1
32. If f(x) = x x 1 is
1) continuous at x = 0 only 2) continuous at x = 1 only
2) continuous at both x =0 and x = 1 4) discontinuous at x= 0,1
dy
33. If x= at2 , y = 2at then is
dx
1 1
1) t 1) –t 3) 4) -
t t
34. (ax b) dx ______
(ax b) 2 (ax b) 2 ax 2
1) +c 2) +c 3) (ax+b) x +c 4) c
2 2a 2
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35.
ex 1
e x dx ?
1) x- e-x + c 2) x + e-x + c 3) log(ex )+c 4) x – ex +c
tan x dx _______
2
36.
1) tanx +x + c 2) tan x – x +c 3) sec2x +c 4) secx + c
1
37. dx _____
3 4x
1)
1
2
3 4x c
1
2) log 3 4 x c
4
1
3) 2 3 4x c 4)- 3 4x c
2
38. If A and B are mutually exclusive events then P A B _____
1) P(A) .P(B) 2) P(A) – P(B) 3) P(A) + P(B) 4) P(A) + P(B) -P(A B)
39. A and B are two possible event the value of P A B is
P A B P A B
1) 2) 3) P(A) + P(B) 4) P(A) – P(B)
P( A) P( B)
40. If A and B are independent event which of the following is wrong
1) A and B are also independent 3) A and B are also independent
2) A and B are also independent 4) A and B are dependent
TEST 4
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SECTION A
Answer all the questions 1 x 40 =40
1. If all the three rows are identical in a determinant on putting
x = a then the factor of is
1) x-a 2) (x+a) 3) (x-a)2 4) (x+a)2
1 a b c
2. The value of 1 b c a is
1 c a b
1) 1 2) 0 3) abc 4) a+b+c
3. If a is an non zero vector and k is a scalar such that k a =1 then k = ?
1 1
1) a 2) 1 3) 4)
a a
4. Let a , b be the vector AB, BC determined by two adjacent sides of a regular hexagon
ABCDEF. The vector represented by EF is
1) a b 2) a b 3) 2 a 4) - b
x 5
2
1 K
5. If 2 2 2 then K = _______
( x 2) 2
x 2 ( x 2)2
1) 1 2) 3 3) 3 4) 4
6. In 4 places 4 persons can be seated in ________ ways
1) 3! 2) 24 3) 24 ! 4) 5!
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7. In how many different ways can 4 identical toys be placed which
form a circle
1) 6 2) 3 3) 4 4) 24
8. How many different arrangements can be made out of letters of
words ENTERTAINMENT
13! 13! 13! 13!
a) b) c) d)
3!3!3! 3! 2!2!3! 2!2!2!
n 1
9. The 7 th term of the sequence whose n th term is (-1)n+1
n
11 7 7 8 8
1) 2) - 3) 4) -
5 8 8 7 7
10. If a , a+d, a+2d, a+3d…….are in A.P. the n th term of H.P. is
1 1
1) a+(n-1) d 2) 3) a+nd 4)
a (n 1)d a nd
1
11. The an 2 be nth term of the sequence then a5 is
n
5 3 10 11
1) 2) 3) 4)
11 5 5 5
12. The arithmetic mean in between 2 and 8 is
1) 10 2) 5 3) 20 4) None
13. Two lines ax + by + c = 0 and px + qy +r=0 are perpendicular if _______
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a b a q a p a q
1) 2) 3) 4)
p q b p b q b p
14. Slope of the line perpendicular to ax +by +c=0 is _____________
a b b a
1) 2) 3) 4)
b a a b
15. If the circle has both x and y axes as tangents and has radius 1 unit then the
equation of the circle is ___________
1) x2+(y-1)2=1 2) x2+y2=1 3) (x-1)2+(y-1)2=1 4) (x-1)2+y2=1
16. If Sin <0 , Cos <0 then lies in _________
1) 1 quadrant 2) 2 quadrant 3) 3 quadrant 4) 4 quadrant
17. Cos 70 Cos 10 + Sin70Sin10 = ___________
3 1 1
1) 2) 3) 1 3)
2 2 2
18. Sin A = __________________
2
1) Sin A 2) – Cos A 3) - Sin A 4) Cos A
1 tan 2
19. = _______________
1 tan 2
1) - Sin 2 2) Cos 2 3) tan 2 4) cot 2
20.
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Sinx
x
of a complete rotation anticlockwise is
1) -1o 2) -360o 3) -90o 4) 1o
21. Cos A is equal to
c 2 a2 b2 c 2 b2 a2 a2 b2 c 2 a2 b2 c 2
1) 2) 3) 4)
2ca 2bc 2ab 2ab
Sinx
22. If f(x) = , x ≠ 0 f(x) is continuous at x = 0 then f(o) = ________
x
1) 0 2) 1 3) -1 4) 2
23. The range of the function tanx is
1) , 2) , 3) [-1,1] 4) [0,1]
2 2
24. Which of the following is not the Graph of a function
1) y = x3 2) y = cos x 3) y = ex 4) x2+y2=4
25. The other name which is given to on to function is
1) in to function 2) one to one function 3) surjective function 4 ) Bijective function
26. The Graph of the quadratic function is
1) straight line 2) parabola 3) circle 4) pair of straight line
27. If f: R R defined by f(x) = x+1 and g(x) = x2 then gof(3) is equal to
1) 16 2) 3 3) 10 4) None
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x2 1
28. lim _______
x 1 x 1
1) 0 2) 2 3) 1 4) ∞
5 1
29. P( A B)
6 2
1) 0 2) 1 3) 2 4) ∞
30. The function f(x) = x is ________
1) continuous at x = 0
2) discontinuous at x = 0
3) not continuous from the right at x = 0
4) not continuous from the left at x=0
2 x 1 if x 2
y
31. Given the function f(x) = k if x 2 is continuous then the value of k is
x 2
x 1 if x 2
1) 2 2) 3 3) 4 4) -3
32. f: R R is a function defined by f(x) = y = 10x-7 then the inverse of f(x) is
1 y7 y7
1) 10x +7 2) 3) 4)
10 x 7 10 10
dy
33. Given x2+y2=5 then is _________
dx
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x x y y
1) - 2) 3) 4) -
y y x x
Sin x
34. y = e then the derivative of y with respect to x is
1) y cos x 2) y sinx 3) - ycosx 4) - y sinx
1
35. Cos xdx ______
2
1) tanx +c 2) sec2x +c 3) Sin2x+c 4) tan2x+c
1
36. dx ___________
1 x2
1) tan -1 x +c 2) Cot -1x +c 3) Sin -1x +c 4) Cos-1x+c
37. Co sec x dx _________
1) log (tan x/2 ) 2) -log (Cosecx+Cotx)+c 3) log (cosecx-cotx)+c 4) all of them
38. What is the chance that a leap year should have fifty three Mondays
1 2
1) 2) 3) 0 4) 1
7 7
39. If three coins are tossed, the probability of the event showing exactly one head on them is
1 3 5 7
1) 2) 3) 4)
8 8 8 8
5 1
40. A and B are two events such that P A B = P( A B) and
6 3
1
P(B)= then the event A and B are termed as
2
1) dependent 2) independent 3) mutually exclusive 4) impossible
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TEST 5
SECTION A
Answer all the questions 1 x 40 =40
a b c
1. The value of a b c is
a b a
a) -2abc b) a2b2c2 c) 0 d) abc
a1 b1 c1
2. a2 b2 c2 then a1A2 +b1B2+c1C2 is _____
a3 b3 c3
a) a i j 2k b) 0 c) - d) 1
3. The position vector of A and B are 2i j 5k and 6i 3 j 7k then the position vectors of the
mid point of AB is _________
3 35
a) 6i j k b) 3i 2 j 2k c) 8i 2 j 2k d) 4i j k
2 2
4. Given a i j 2k and b 3i j 3k then the unit vector parallel to a b is
4i k 4i k 4i k 4i k
a) b) c) d)
3 5 17 17
x2 4 A B C
5. 2 then the value of C is
x ( x 2) x x
2
x2
a) 4 b) 8 c) 0 d) 6
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6. Ten students compute in a race. The number of ways first three prizes be given in ________
7.
a) 720
3 1
b) 27
3
c) 90
2
3 1 is _______
d) 72
a) 172 b) 162 c) 142 d) 152
8. There are 10 point in a plane no three of which are in the same straight line
Excepting 4 points which are collinear. Then the number of triangles that can be formed with the
vertices as their points is __________
a) 112 b) 120 c) 116 d) 124
9. Given that a1 = a2 = 2 and an = an-1-1 , n >2 then a5 is ________
a) 2 b) 0 c) -1 d) 1
log 2 log 2
2 4
10. 2 1 ..............
2! 4!
5
a) log2 b) e2 c) d) infinity
2
x 2 x3 x 4
11. log (1+x) = x ..........is valid for
2 3 4
a) x>0 b) for all real x c) 1 x 1 d) -1<x<1
5 21
12. Given that find cube root of = ?
6 25
81 66 61 66
a) b) c) d)
85 71 76 85
13. The angle between the lines 2x-3y+5=0 and 6x+4y+11 =0 is ________
a) 0o b) 60o c) 45o d) 90o
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14. The equation x2+3xy+2y2+C represents a pair of line through origin then the value of c is
_________
a) 1 b) 0 c) 5 d) 6
15. The slope of the line joining the points (2,1) and (-2,-3) is _________
a) 1 b) - 3/5 c) 4 d) 0
16. If (-3,4) is a point on the terminal side of then Sin is __________
4 3 3 4
a) b) c) d)
5 5 4 3
17. The value of Sec (-1305o) is _________
1 1
a) b) c) 2 d) - 2
2 2
18. If tan = 3 then the value of tan 3 is _________
9 4
a) 9 b) 27 c) d)
13 3
19. Sin Sin - Cos Cos = _____________
6 3 3 6
a) infinity b) -1 c) 0 d) 1
1
20. If tan A = 3 and tan B = then A- B is __________
2
a) 0 b) 45o c) 60o d) 90o
3
21. If Cos = then the principal value of is ___________
2
a) 30o b) 120o c) 150o d) 60o
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22. Let A = { 1,2,3} , B = { 3,5,7,8} and f from A to B is defined by
f: x tends to 2x+1 the co domain is ________
a) {3,5,7,8} b) {1,2,3} c) {3} d) { (1,3) (2,5) (3,7) }
23. A father d has three sons a,b,c By assuming sons as a set A and father as a se B
Then the relation “is a son of” is ________ function
a) not b) may not be a c) identity d) constant
24. If f : R R is defined by f(x) = x then the range of f is a se of all
2
a) –ve whole numbers b) non negative real numbers
c) real numbers d) rational numbers
25. The principal domain for the function y= tan x is
a) 0, b) , c) o, d) ,
2 2 2
3x 1
26. If f : R R is defined by f(x) = then f -1(x) is ______
2
3 x 1 2x 1
a) (2x-1)3 b) (2x+1)3 c) d)
2 3
x 1
27. Given f(x) = 2x+1 , g(x) = then (gof)(x) is ---------------
2
2 x 1 ( x 1) d) x 1 2 x 1
a) x b) 1/x c)
2 2
x
28. lim is _______
x 0 x
a) 0 b) 1 c) -1 d) does not exist
5 6
x x
29. lim _______
x 0 x
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5 5 6 6
a) b) log c) d) log
6 6 5 5
3x x
30. Find R f(0) if f(x) =
7x 5 x
a) 2 b) 0 c) 3/7 d) 1/6
2 x 1, if x 0
31. f(x) = find the lim f ( x) ________
2 x 6, if x 0
x 0
a) 5 b) 0 c) 6 d) -1
tan 1 x
32. The derivative of e is _______
1 1 1 1 1
a) tan 1 x b) c) e Sin x d) e Sin x
e 1 x2 1 x2
dy
33. x2+y2=1 then is
dx
y x x y
a) b) c) d)
x y y x
x
e
34. x
dx ______
1
x x
2 x e x
a) e 2 x b) ½ e x c) 2 e d)
2
1
e Sin x
35. 1 x2
dx _________
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a) x e Sin x
36.
dx
x log x
= _________
1
b) e Sin
1
x
c) eCos
1
x
d) e Sin
1
x
Sin1 x
( x log x) 2 ( x log x) 1 x2
a) b) c) log x d) log(logx)
2 1 2
log x
37. dx _______
x
(log x) 2 (log x) 1
a) b) 2
c) 1 d) 2
2 x x
38. If P(A) = 0.35 , P(B)=0.73, P A B =0.14 then P A B is
a) 0.59 b) 0.94 c) 0.54 d) 0.86
39. Given P(A) =0.4 , P(B) =0.5 P A B =0.25 then P A B is
a) 0.625 b) 0.94 c) 0.14 d) 0.5
40. If the event A and B are independent and P(A) =0.25 P(B)=0.48 then P A B is
a) 0.23 b) 0.12 c) 0.78 d) 0.73
TEST 6
SECTION A
1.In a third order determinant the cofactor of a23 is equal to the minor of a23 then the value of the
minor is
1) 1 2) 3) 4) 0
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a1 b1 c1
2. If A a2 b2 c2 and A = 2 then 3A is
a3 b3 c3
1) 54 2) 6 3) 27 4) –54
3. If G is the centroid of the triangle ABC , then GA GB GC is
a b c
1) 3 a b c 2) OG 3) 0 4)
3
4. If a 2i j 8k and b i 3 j 4k then the magnitude of a b ?
13 3 4
1) 13 2) 3) 4)
3 13 13
2x
5. can be expressed as
( x 1)( x 2 1)
A Bx C A B
1) 2 2) 2
( x 1) x 1 ( x 1) x 1
A Bx C A B
3) 2 4) 2
x 1 ( x 1) x 1 ( x 1)
6. The number of diagonals of a hexagon
1) 20 2) 10 3)15 4)35
7. If nC 8 = nC 6 then the value of nC 2 is ______________
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1) 14 2) 8 3) 6 4)91
8. In how many ways can 7 identical beats be strung in to a ring
1) 630 2)7 ! 3)360 4) 6!
9. If the n th term of an A.P. is (2n-1), then the sum of n terms is ________
1) n2-1 2) (2n-1) 3) n2 4) n2+1
10. When the terms of a G.P. are written in reverse order the progression formed is _________
1)A.P 2) G.P 3) H.P. 4) A.P. and H.P.
11. The third term of a G.P. is 5, the product of its first five terms is _______
1) 25 2) 625 3) 3125 4) 625 x 25
12. elog x is equal to _________
1) x 2) 1 3) e 4) log ex
13. Which of the following is a parallel line to 3x+4y+5=0 ?
1)4x+3y+6=0 2) 3x-4y+6=0 3)4x-3y+9=0 4)3x +4y+6=0
14. Which of the following is the equation of a straight line that is neither
parallel nor perpendicular to the straight line given by x+y=0 ?
1)y=x 2) y-x+2=0 3)2y=4x+1 4) y+x+2=0
15. Given that (1,-1) is the center of the circle x2+y2 +ax+by-9=0
Its radius is
1) 3 2) 2 3) 11 4) 11
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16. If p Cosec = Cot 45o then p is __________
(i) Cos45o (ii) tan 45o (iii) sin 45o (iv) sin
2 Cos
17. 1 Cos 2 1 sin
Co sec
1) 0 2) 1 3) Cos 2 Sin 2 4) Sin 2 Cos 2
18. Sec-1x +Cosec-1x=____________
1) 2) 3 3) - 4) - 3
2 2 2 2
19. Triangle whose sides are 10 cm and 8 cm . The angle between the sides is 30o
then the area is
1) 20 sqcm 2) 40 sqcm 3) 30 sq.cm 4) 25 sq.cm
20 The value of cos 72 o is
5 1 5 1 1 5 1 5
1) P( A) P( B) 2) 3) 4)
4 4 4 4
21. The general solution of sec 2 is
1) 2n 3 2) 2n
4 4
3) n (1)n 4) n (1)n 3
6 4
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22. The domain of the function f(x) = log e x
1) (0, ) 2) (, 0) 3) (, ) 4) [0,1]
23. Let f : R R be defined by f(x) = 3x + 2 then the inverse of f -1(x)is
x2 x2 1
1) 2) 3) 4) None
3 3 3x 2
24. The solution of x 2 9 is
1) (-3,3) 2) [-3,3] 3) (-3,3] 4) [-3,3)
25. Sum of two odd functions is again
1) an odd function 2) an even function 3) inverse function 4) None
x 1
26. The composition of f(x) = 2x+1 and g(x) = is
2
1) x-1 2) x+1 3) 1-x 4) x
27. Which of the following statement is wrong
1) Sin x is an odd function
2) Cos x is an even function
3) Sinx , cosx and tanx are all circular functions
4) Sinx , cosx and tanx are all hyperbolic function
sin 2 x
28. lim is
x 0 sin 3 x
1) 2/3 2) 3/2 3) 3 4) 2
5 6
x x
29. lim ?
x 0 x
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5 6
1 ) log 2) log 3) log 5 4) log 6
6 5
x2
30. The left limit of is
2 x
1) 0 2) 1 3) 2 4 None
31. Which function is discontinuous?
1) ax ,a>0 2) logx x>0 3) sinx 4)x- x at x=3
32. The R f ‘ (0) for the function f(x) = x is
1) 1 2) 0 3) 2 3) -1
33. The derivative of Sin -1 x is
1 1 1 1
1) 2) - 3) 4) -
1 x2 1 x2 1 x2 1 x2
34. The derivative of y = tan -1(ex) is
ex 1 e2 x 1
1) 2) 3) 4)
1 e 2x
1 e 2x
1 e 2x
1 e x
4
35. Given x= 4t and y = then the derivative of y with respect to x is
t
1 1
1) t 2) – t 3) 4) 2
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t t
log x dx ______
2
36.
x
log x log x
3
1) +c 2) log (logx) +c 3) +c 4) None
3 3
37. x cos x dx = ?
1) x sinx + Cosx+c 2) x Sinx – Cosx +c 3) x Cosx-Sinx+c 4)xCosx+Sinx+c
38. Given P(A) =0.5 , P(B)=0.4 and P( A B) 0.2 then P B A ?
1) 0.4 2) 0.5 3) 0.2 4) None
39. Two cards are drawn one by one at random form a pack of 52 playing card the probability of
getting two jacks if the first card is not replaced before the second card is drawn
40. If A B then
1) P( A) P( B) 2) P( B) P( A) 3) P( B) P( A) 4) P( A) P( B)
FULL PORTION
SECTION B
TEST 1
Answer any 10 questions 10 x 6 =60
2 3
41. A Showthat A2 7 A 2I 0
4 5
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a b c
42. Pr ovethat a b b c c a a 3 b3 c 3 3abc
bc ca ab
43. Show that the points with position vectors a 2b 3c, 2a 3b c and 4a 7b 7c are collinear
44. Show that the vectors 2i j k ,3i 4 j 4k ; i 3 j 5k form a right angled triangle
45. (a) If 5 Pr 6 Pr 1 find r
(b) If nC4 = nC6 , find the value of 12
Cn
46. Prove the following by the principle of mathematical induction 23n - 1 is divisible by 7
47. If the 5th term and 12th term of a H.P are 12 and 5 respectively, find the 15 th term
48. Show that the circle x2 y 2 8x 6 y 21 0 is orthogonal to the circle x2 y 2 2 x 15 0
CosA SinA
49. Prove that SinA CosA
1 tan A 1 CotA
50. (a) Find the derivative of y Sin1 ( x 2 2 x) with respect to x
x2 1
(b) Find the derivative of with respect to x
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51. (a)
1
dx
x2 1
51. x = a( sin ), y a(1 Cos ) find
dy
dx
x 5x 7
2
1
(b) dx
9 x2
1 1
52. Evaluate 2 log 2 dx
x x
53 . A can hit a target 4 times in 5 shots , B 3 times in 4 shots, C 2 times in 3 shots, they fire a
volley. What is the chance that the target is damaged by exactly 2 hits?
54. A coin is tossed twice . Event E and F are defined as follows : E = Head on first toss, F = head
on second toss. Find (i) P E
F
(ii) Are the events E and F independent ?
1
55. If y= e tan Prove that (1+x2)y2+(2x-1)y1=0
x
(OR)
1 1 x
Prove that 2 dx = tan 1
a x 2
a a
TEST 2
SECTION B
Answer any 10 questions 10 x 6 =60
3 5 2
41. If A = Show that A -5A-14 I =0
4 2
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a 2 ab ac
42. Prove that ab b 2 bc 4a 2b 2c 2
ca bc c 2
43. Show that the points with position vectors a 2b 3c, 2a 3b 2c and
8a 13b are collinear
44. Prove that the points 2i 3 j 4k ,3i 4 j 2k ;4i 2 j 3k form an equilateral triangle
45. (a) n
P4 20 n P3 find n
(b) If 10
Pr 5040 find the value of r
46. Prove the following by the principle of mathematical induction 52n - 1 is divisible by 24 for all n
N
1 4 2
47. Find the 4 th term and 7 th term of the H. P , , ......
2 13 9,
48. Prove that the circles x2+y2-8x+6y-23=0 and x2+y2-2x-5y+16=0 are orthogonal
49. If A , B, C , D are angles of a cyclic quadrilateral prove that Cos A + Cos B + Cos C + Cos D =0
1 x 2 1 1dy
50. (a) Given y= tan Find
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x dx
(b) Differentiate xy = tan(xy)
51. Find for x= at2 , y = 2at
e
x log 2
52. (a) dx
1
(b) dx
4 x 2 25
53. E and F are mutually exclusive and exhaustive events and G is any other event
Prove that (i) G = G E G F (ii) P(G) P G P( E ) P G P( F )
E E
54. What is the probability that (i) non leap year (ii) leap year should have fifty three Sundays
1 1 xa
55. Prove that x 2
a2
dx =
2a
log c
xa
(OR)
If y= Sin1 x Prove that (1-x2) y2 –xy1=2
2
TEST 3
SECTION B
Answer any 10 questions
41. If y= log (cosx) , find y3
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Cos x dx
3
42.
43. If A and B are two independent events such that P(A)=0.5 and P(AUB)=0.8 Find P(B)
1
44. Evaluate 2 dx
( x 7 x 5)
1
45. Evaluate (i) dx
1 9x2
1
(ii) dx
4 x 25
2
46. Find the equation of the circle concentric with the circle x2+y2-2x-6y+4 = 0 and having radius 7
units
1 cos x
47. (a) Differentiate y = cos 1
2
x
(b) Find the derivative of y log sec x
4 2
48 If cos sin 2 cos , show that cos sin 2 sin
1 1
49. The first and second terms of a H.P. are and respectively find the 9 th term
3 5
50. Prove by the principle of mathematical induction
n (n + 1)(2n + 1)
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12 + 22 + 32+ …………………+ n2 =
51. (a) If 10 Pr 5040 find the value of r
6
where n N
(b) Three men have 4 coats, 5 waistcoats and 6 caps. In how many ways can they wear them?
52 Prove that the points 2i 3 j 4k ,3i 4 j 2k ;4i 2 j 3k form an equilateral triangle
53. Find the unit vector parallel to 3a 2b 4c where a 3i j 4k , b 2i 4 j 3k ; c i 2 j k
a bc 2a 2a
54. Prove that 2b bca 2b ( a b c )3
2c 2c c a b
3 2 2
55.If A = Find k so that A = kA – 2I
4 2
(OR)
Find the value of p if the line 3x+4y-p=0 is a tangent to the circle x2+y2=16
TEST 4
SECTION B
Answer any 10 questions 6 x 10 = 60
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1 2 x
41. (i) Find the value of x if [2x 3 ] 0
3 0 3
Cos Sin Cos Sin
If A = and
Cos
(iii) are two square matrices, then
Sin Cos Sin
show that AB A B
2bc a 2
2
c2 b2 a b c
42. Show that c2 2ca b 2 a 2
b c a
b2 a2 2ab c 2 c a b
43. Prove that the medians of a triangle are concurrent
44. Find the magnitude and direction cosines of the sum and difference of the vectors
a i j 2k , b 2i 3 j 4k
n
45. If n and r are positive integers such that 1 r n then nCr ( n 1)C( r 1)
r
11
1
46. Find the co efficient of x in the expansion of x
5
x
47. If a and b are two different positive numbers then prove that A.M., G.M., H.M. are in G.P.
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48.
49. x=
3at
1 t 3
and y =
3at
1 t
2
3
find
dy
dx
1o
If A+B = 45o Show that (1+tanA) (1+tanB) = 2 and hence deduce the value of tan 22
2
50. If A and B are the two points (-2,3) and (4,-5) Find the equation of the locus of a point such
that PA2-PB2=20
51. (i) Evaluate sec3 x tan x dx
(ii) Evaluate x cos 2 x dx
x e
4x
52. Evaluate dx
53. State and prove addition theorem on probability for any two events
sec x dx
3
54. Evaluate
d2y
55. If x= a Cos Sin , y a Sin Cos Show that a Secx3
dx 2
56.
TEST 5
SECTION B
Answer any 10 questions 6 x10 = 60
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3 7 3 2
41. Find matrix C such that if A = , B= and 5C+2B = A
2 5 4 1
x a a
42. Show that a x a ( x a ) 2 ( x 2a)
a a x
43. (i) Find the sum of the vectors i j 2kand 2i 3 j 4k and also find the modulus of the sum
(ii) If D is the mid point of the side BC of a triangle ABC, Prove that AB AC 2 AD
44. Prove that the line segment joining the mid points of two sides of a triangle is parallel to the
third side and equal to half of it
56 54
45. P(r + 6) : P(r + 3) = 30800 : 1 Find r
46. Expand (x2+2y3) 6 Using Binomial theorem
47. Find six arithmetic mean between 3 and 17
48. Show that the circles x2+y2-2x+6y+6=0 and x2+y2-5x-6y+15=0 touch each other
49. Prove that SinA + Sin (120+A) + Sin(240+A) = 0
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50. Given that y= xx + find
51. (i) If xy =100(x+y) Find
dy
dx
dy
dx
(ii) y= A Cos4x+BSin4x where A and B are constants Show that y2+16y=0
dx
52. Integrate (i) e x
e x
(ii) 2 x 3 x 1 dx
53. An integer is chosen at random from the first 40 positive integers. What is the
probability that the integer chosen is a prime (or) multiple of 4
54. If A and B are two events such that P(AUB) =
5
6
1
, P( A B) and P B
3
1
2
Show that A and B are independent
55. Differentiate logex from the first principle
(OR)
x 1
Evaluate dx
8 x x2
TEST 6
Section B
Answer any 10 questions 6 x 10 =60
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41. What is the difference between matrix and determinant ?
yz x y
42. Prove that z x z x ( x y z )( x z ) 2
x y y z
43. If a and b are Position points A B respectively then find the Position vector of points of trisection
of AB
44. Examine whether the vectors i 3 j k ; 2i j kand 7 j 5k are coplanar
45. Out of 18 points kin a plane no three are in the same straight line except five points which are
collinear. How many (i) straight lines (ii) triangles can be formed by joining them?
46. Evaluate the7 the power of 11using Binomial theorem
47. If b is the G.M of a and c and x is the A.M. of a and B and y is the A.M. of b and c. Prove
a c
that 2
x y
48. Find the equation of the straight line if the perpendicular from the origin Makes an angle of 120o
with x – axis and the length of the perpendicular from the origin is 6 units
1 1 p
49. If tan = and tan = Show that 2+ =
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3
50. If y= xx+ax+xa+aa find
51. If xy = yx Find
dy
dy
dx
7 4
dx
4x 1
52. Integrate (i) Cos3x Sin4 x dx (ii) 2 dx
x 3x 1
53. A problem in Mathematics is given to three students whose chance of solving are
½ , 1/3 ,1/4 respectively What is the probability that the problem is solved
54. A can hit a target 4 times in 5 shots. B 3 times in 4 shots. C 2 times in 3 shots.
They fire a volley what is the chance that the target is damaged by exactly 2 hits ?
1 x2 dy 2x
55. If y= tan 1 2
Show that
1 x dx 1 x 4
(OR)
3x 5
Evaluate dx
x2 2 x 3
TEST 7
SECTION B
Answer any `10 questions 6 x 10 =60
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41. Construct a 3x3 matrix whose elements are (aij)=2i+j
42. Prove that every element in a row (or) column of a determinant is multiplied by a constant ‘k’
then the value of the determinant is multiplied by k
43. Prove that the position vector of a point that divides the line joining two given
points whose position vectors are a and b internally in the given ratio m : n
44. Show that the vectors 5i 6 j 7k ,7i 8 j 9k ,3i 20 j 5k are coplanar
( x 2)
45. Resolve into partial fraction
( x 1)( x 2 1)
46. Prove by Mathematical Induction 2n>n for all n N
17
æ 2ö
47. Find the co efficient of x in the expansion of ççx + 2 ÷
è x ÷ø
48. Find the locus of P which moves such that its distance from the points (1,2) and (0,-1) are in the
ratio 2 : 1
5
49. If Cos ( = 4/5 and Sin ( = Find tan 2
13
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50. Find the differential co efficient of the following
(a) Sin -1(3x-4x3) b) 2
x2 x 1
x x 1
dy
51. Find if (a) x= at2 , y = 2at (b) x=aCos , y = b Sin
dx
x2
52. Integrate (a) 1 sin 2x dx ( b) x3 1dx
53. A bag contains 5 white and 7 black balls 3 balls are drawn at random Find the
probability that (i) all are white (ii) one white and 2 black
54. In a Single throw of two dice find the probability of obtaining the (i) the sum less
than 5 (ii) a sum greater than 10
55. If y= eax Sin bx Show that y2-2ay1+(a2+b2)y=0
(OR)
Prove that
dx
x a
2 2
log x x 2 a 2 c
FULL PORTION
SECTION C
TEST 1
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Answer any 10 questions 10 x 10 =100
1 a 1 1
1 1 1
56. Prove that 1 1 b 1 abc 1 Where a, b, c are non zero
a b c
1 1 1 c
1 a 1 1
real numbers and hence evaluate the value of 1 1 a 1
1 1 1 a
57. If a, b, andc are any 3 coplanar vectors then every vector r in space can be
uniquely expressed as r la mb nc for some scalar l, m, and n
58. A class contains 12 boys and 10 girls. From the class 10 students are to be
chosen for a competition under the condition that at least 4 boys and at least 4
girls must be represented. The 2 girls who won the prizes last year should be
included. In how many ways can the selection are made?
12
æ 2 1÷ ö
59. (i) Find the term independent of the expansion çç2x + ÷
è xø
3
(ii) Evaluate 101 using Binomial theorem
1 1
l 2 l 2 3c 2
60. If c is small compared to l show that
2 (approximately )
l c l c 4l 2
61. Find the co ordinates of the orthocenter of the triangle whose vertices are the points (-2,-1) (6,-1)
and (2,5)
x 1 1 x 1
62. Solve tan 1 tan
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63.
x2
If x is real, prove that
x2 4
x 2 34 x 71
x2 2 x 4
(1 x) x 2 2
cannot have any value between 5 and 9
64. Differentiate
( x 3) x 1
d2y dy
65. If y = eax sin bx prove that 2
2a ( a 2 b 2 ) y 0
dx dx
66. Evaluate eax cos bx dx
dx
67. Evaluate
2 3x x
2
x 5
68. Evaluate the definite integral as limit of sums (3x 1)dx
x 3
69. In a factory, machine I produces 45% of the output and Machine II produces 55% of the out
put. On the average 10% items produced by 1 and 5% of the items produced by II are defective.
An item is drawn at random from a day’s output (i) find the probability that it is a defective
item (ii) If it is defective, what is the probability that it was produced by Machine II
70. Prove that Sin2A +Sin2B+Sin2C = 2 + 2 Cos A Cos B Cos C
(OR)
Find the circles which cuts orthogonally each of the circles x2+y2+2x+17y+4=0 ,
x2+y2+7x+6y+11=0 and x2+y2-x+22y+3=0
TEST 2
Section C
Answer any 10 questions 10 x 10 =100
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b c a c a b
56. Prove by factor method b c c a b a 8abc
c b c a a b
57. If a and b are the vectors determined by two adjacent sides of a regular hexagon find the
vectors determined by the other sides taken in order
15
58. (i) If Cr : 15C(r - 1) = 11 : 5 , find r
20 n
(ii) 2nC3 = C2
3
59. Prove by induction method that 72n + 16n - 1 is divisible by 64
60. In the expansion of (1+x) 20 , the coefficient of r th and (r+1)th terms are in the ratio 1:6 find
the value of r
61. (i) For what value of m the three straight lines 3x+y+2=0, 2x-y+3=0 and x+my-3=0 are
concurrent?
(ii)Find the values of p for which the straight lines 8px+(2-3p)y+1=0 and px+8y-7=0 are
Perpendicular to each other
62. Solve the triangle for given three sides a= 8 , b=9, c= 10
x 1
63. If x is real , prove that is lies between and 1
x 5x 9
2
11
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dy
64. Find if xm y n ( x y)mn
dx
3
65. If y = Sin (ax + b) Prove that y3 = a3 Sin ax b
2
66. Evaluate : xSin1 xdx
2x 3
67. Evaluate : x 2
2x 5
dx
68. A consulting firm rents car from three agencies such that 20% from agency X 30% from agency Y
and 50% from agency Z . If 90% of the cars from X, 80% of cars from Y and 95% of the cars
from Z are in good conditions (i) What is the probability that the firm will get a car in good
condition? Also (ii) If a car is in good condition, what is probability that it has came from agency
Y?
69. If A+B+C =
(i)Prove that tan A + tan B + tan C = tan A tan B tan C
(ii)Prove that tan 2A + tan 2B + tan 2C = tan2A tan 2B tan 2C
70. Show that each of the circles x2+y2+4y-1=0, x2+y2+6x+y+8=0
and x2+y2-4x-4y-37=0 touches the other two
TEST 3
SECTION C
Answer any 10 questions 10 x 10 =100
56. Find the circles which cuts orthogonally each of the circles x2+y2+2x+17y+4=0 ,
x2+y2+7x+6y+11=0 and x2+y2-x+22y+3=0
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A B C A B C
57. Prove that Sin 2 Sin 2 Sin 2 = 1 2Sin Sin Sin
2 2 2 2 2 2
58. A factory has two machines I and II> Machine I and II produces 30% and &0% of items
respectively. Further 3% of items produced by Machine I are defective and 40% of items
produced by Machine II are defective . An item is drawn at random. Find the probability that it
was produced by Machine II
x2
59. Evaluate the definite integral as limit of sums 2 x 3dx
x 1
x 2 a2
60. Prove that x 2 a 2 dx
x a 2
log( x x 2 a 2 c
2 2
2
d y dy
61. If x= sin t ; y= sin pt Show that (1 x 2 ) 2 x p 2 y 0
dx dx
x 2 3x 4 1
62. If If xR, Prove that the range of the function f(x) = 2 is ,7
x 3x 4 7
63. State and prove any one Napier’s formula
64. Find the equation of the straight line which passes through the intersection of the straight lines
5x-6y=1 and 3x+2y+5=0 and is perpendicular to the straight line 3x-5y+11=0
65. Show that the points given by the vectors 4i 5 j k , j k ,3i 9 j 4k and 4i 4 j 4k are
coplanar
66. Prove by vector method that the internal bisectors of the angles of a triangle are concurrent
7x 2 - 25x + 6
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67. Resolve into partial fraction
(x 2 - 2x - 1)(3x - 2)
68 If a, b, c are in A.P. and a ,mb, c are in G.P. then prove that a,m2b,c are in H.P.
68. In how many ways player for a cricket team can be selected from a group of 25 players
containing 10 batsman , 8 bowlers, 5 all rounder and 2 wicket keepers? Assume that the team
requires 5 batsman, 3 all rounder, 2 bowlers and 1 wicket keeper?
(Or)
2 3
1 a a
70. Prove by factor method 1 b 2 b 3 ( a b )(b c )( c a )( ab bc ca )
1 c2 c3
TEST4
SECTION C
Answer any 10 questions 10 x 10 =100
x x 1 x
2 3
56. If x, y, z are all different and y y 2 1 y 3 0 then Show that xyz=1
z z 2 1 z3
57.By using vectors the mid points of two opposite sides of a quadrilateral and the mid points of the
diagonals are the vertices of a parallelogram
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58. A class contains 12 boys and 10 girls. From the class 10 students are to be chosen for a competition
under the condition that at least 4 boys and at least 4 girls must be represented. The 2 girls who
won the prizes last year should be included. In how many ways can the selection are made?
59. Prove the principle of mathematical induction , The sum Sn = n3+3n2+5n+3 is
divisible by 3 for all nN
60. If the coefficient of 5th, 6 th, and 7 th terms in the expansion of (1+x) n are in Arithmetic progression
find n
61. (i) If ax + by + c=0 , bx + cy + a=0 and cx + ay +b=0 are concurrent , show that a3+b3+c3=3abc
(ii) Find the equation of the straight line joining the point (4,-3) and the intersection of the lines
2x-y+7=0 and x+y-1=0
Sin3000 tan 3300 Sec(4200 ) 2
62. Prove that 0 0 0
Cot135 Cos 210 Co sec315 3
x 2
if x0
5 x 4 if 0 x 1
63. A function f(x) is defined by f(x) =
3x 4 if x 2
4 x 2 3x if 1 x 2
Examine the continuity of the function at x=0 ,1,2
1 sin x 1 sin x dy
64.Given y = Cot 1
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1 sin x 1 sin x dx
65. If y = sin m sin 1 x Show that (1 x2 ) y2 xy1 m2 y 0
4x 3
66. Evaluate x2 2 x 1
dx
x 2 a2 x
67. Prove that a 2 x 2 dx
2
a x 2 sin 1 c
2 a
1 1 1
68. A problem in Mathematics is given to three students whose chances of solving it are , and
2 3 4
(i) what is the probability that the problem is solved (ii) what is the probability that exactly one of
them will solve it
69. Show that 3(Sin x-Cos x)4 + 6(Sin x+Cos x)2+4(Sin6x+Cos6x)=13
70. Find the equation of the circle which passes through the point (1,2) and cut orthogonally each other
of the circles x2+y2=9 and x2+y2-2x+8y-7=0
TEST 5
SECTION C
Answer any 10 questions 10 x 10 =100
2 3
1 a a
56. Prove by factor method 1 b 2 b3 (a b)(b c)(c a)(ab bc ca )
1 c2 c3
57. Prove by vector method that the internal bisector of the angles of a triangle are concurrent
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58. (i) Prove that nCr - 1 + nCr = n + 1Cr
(ii) Find the number of ways in which 8 different flowers can be strung to form a
garland so that 4 particular flowers are never separated
1 1 1 1 1
59. Prove by Induction Method + 2 + 3 + ............ + n = 1 - n
2 2 2 2 2
2n 1.3.5.7..........(2n - 1)2n x n
60. (i) Show that the middle term in the expansion of (1+x) is
n!
10
æ 2ö
(ii) Find the constant term in the expansion of çç x - 2 ÷ ÷
è x ø
61. Show that the equation 3x2+7xy+2y2+5x+5y+2=0 represents a pair of straight
lines and also find the angle between the straight lines
62. Find the equation of the circle which passes through (1,-1) and cuts orthogonally each of the
circles x2+y2+5x-5y+9=0 and x2+y2-2x+3y-7=0
63. Discuss continuity of the function f(x) = x 1 x 2 at x=1 and x=2
64. Find the value of Sin 18o and hence deduce the value of Cos 36o
Cosx Sinx
65. (i)Differentiate y = tan 1
Cosx Sinx
dy
(ii) Find when x= a Cos 3 t , y = a Sin3 t
dx
d3y 1 1
66. If y= log( x a ) find
2 2
2 3
( x a) ( x a)
3 2
dx
www.Padasalai.Net
67. Evaluate 2
3x 2
x x 1
dx
68. Evaluate the using limit and summation
x2
x 2 dx
x 1
69. There are two identical boxes containing respectively 5 white and 3 red balls , 4 white and 6 red
balls. A box is chosen at random and a ball is drawn from it (i) find the probability that the ball
is white (ii) if the ball is white , what is the probability that it is from the first box.
3
70. Prove that Sin 20oSin 40o Sin 60o Sin 80o =
16
TEST 6
SECTION C
Answer any 10 questions 10 x 10 =100
bc ca a b a b c
56. Prove that q r r p pq 2 p q r
yz zx x y x y z
57. Show that the points given by the vectors
4i 5 j k , j k ,3i 9 j 4kand 4i 4 j 4k are coplanar
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58. (i) Find the number of ways in which 8 different flowers can be strung to form a
garland so that 4 particular flowers are never separated
(ii) Prove that n Pr = (n - 1)Pr + r (n - 1)P(r - 1)
59. The first 3 terms in the expansion of (1-ax)n are 1-14x+84x2 find a and n
60. If a, b, c are in G.P. Prove that log a m , log bm and log c m are in H.P.
61. Show that the equation 4x2+4xy+y2-6x-3y-4=0 represents a pair of parallel lines
and find the distance between them
11
62. If Sin = , find the value of
12
Sec(3600 ) tan(180 ) Cot (90 )Sin(270 )
63. Given that f(x) =2x+1 , g(x) =x2+2 and h(x) = x2-1 Show that (fog)oh = f o(g oh)
64. Differentiate y = loge 2 x 3 from first principle
Cos 2 x Sin2 x
65. Differentiate y = tan 1
Cos 2 x Sin2 x
2x
tan
1
66. Evaluate 2
dx
1 x
dx
67. Evaluate
1 sin x cos x
x 3
www.Padasalai.Net e dx
x
68. Evaluate the definite integral as limit of Sum
x 1
69. X speaks truth in 95% of cases and Y in 90% of cases. In what percentage of case
they are likely to contradict each other in stating the same fact
70.Find the equation of the circle whose centre is on the line x=2y and which passes
through the point (-1,2) and (3,2)
(OR)
Solve the equation 3Sinx Cosx 2
TEST 7
Section C
Answer any 10 questions 10 x 10 = 100
1 x x 2 (a x) 2 (b x) 2
(c x ) 2
56. Show that 1 y y 2 (a y ) 2 (b y ) 2 (c y ) 2
1 z z 2 (a z ) 2 (b z ) 2 (c z ) 2
57. If a and b a and b are any two vectors and m is any scalar then
prove that m ( a + b ) = m a + m b
58. (i) How many numbers can be formed with the digits 1,2,3,4,3,2,1 so that the
odd digits always occupy the odd places?
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(ii)How many arrangements can be made with the letters of the word
MATHEMATICS’
59. If the coefficient of 5th, 6 th, and 7 th terms in the expansion of (1+x) n are in Arithmetic
progression find n
8
60. If x is so large Prove that x 2 25 x 2 9 nearly
x
61. Show that the equation 3x2+7xy+2y2+5x+5y+2=0 represents a pair of straight lines and also find
the angle between the straight lines
0
1
62. If A+B=450 Show that (CotA-1)(CotB-1)=2 and deduce the value of Cot 22
2
x 3x 3
2
63. When x is real show that 2 cannot have any value between -3 and 1
x 3x 2
1 x 1 x
64. Differentiate tan 1 with respect to x
1 x 1 x
2 x 3
65. Differentiate y = e from the first principle
x Sin x dx
2
66. Integrate
67. Evaluate ( x 4) 2x 3dx
x2
68. Evaluate the definite integral as the limit of Sum 4 x 1dx
www.Padasalai.Net
, and
2 3
2
5
x 1
69. A problem is given to 3 student X , Y, and Z whose chances of solving it are
1 1
respectively. What is the probability that the problem is solved
70. Find the equation of the tangent to the circle x2+y2=9 which are
parallel to 2x+y-3=0
(OR)
A B C A B C
Prove that Sin 2 Sin 2 Sin 2 = 1 2Sin Sin Sin
2 2 2 2 2 2
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