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5 views2 pages

3 203

Uploaded by

Raghu Rag
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Commands and their functionalities:

- DDL (Data Definition Language):


● CREATE Create TABLE, DATABASE, INDEX or VIEW
● DROP Delete TABLE, DATABASE, or INDEX
● ALTER TABLE Add/Remove columns from table
● TRUNCATE Removes all records from a table.
● RENAME Rename an object existing in the database.

- DML (Data Manipulation Language):


● INSERT Insert data into a table.
● UPDATE Update table data.
● DELETE Delete rows from a table.

- DQL (Data Query Language):


● SELECT Select data from database.

- DCL (Data Control Language):


● GRANT Access privileges to the database.
● REVOKE Withdraws the user’s access privileges.

- TCL (Transaction Control Language):


● BEGIN TRANSACTION used to begin a transaction.
● COMMIT used to apply changes and end transactions.
● ROLLBACK used to discard changes and end transactions.
● SAVEPOINT points within the groups of transactions in which to
ROLLBACK.

- Few more important clauses:

● AS Rename an attribute or table with an alias.


● FROM Specifying the table we are accessing the data from.
● WHERE Conditional statement to filter the data.
● JOIN Combine rows from 2 or more tables.
● AND Combine conditions in the query. All must be met.
● OR Combine conditions in a query. One must be met.
● LIKE Search for patterns in a column. (Regex operations)
● IN Specify multiple values when using WHERE.
● IS NULL Return only rows with a NULL value.
● LIMIT Limit the number of rows returned.
● CASE Return value on a specified condition.

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