SET-1

BLUE PRINT

CLASS-XII

SUBJECT-PHYSICS

SESSION: 2019-2020

SL.NO. Name of chapters VSA SA-I SA-III LA TOTAL

(1 mark) (2marks) (3 marks) (5 marks)
1 Electric charges and fields 1 - - 1 2(6)
2 Electrostatic potential and 1 2 - 3(5)
capacitance
3 Current electricity 1 2 - 3(5)
4 Moving charges and magnetism 1 2 - 3(5)
5 Magnetism and matter 1 - 1 2(4)
6 Electromagnetic induction 1 - 1 2(4)
7 Alternating current 1 - 1 2(4)

8 Electromagnetic waves 1 - 1 2(4)

9 Ray optics and optical instruments 2 - - 1 3(7)
10 Wave optics 2 1 1 4(7)
11 Dual nature of radiation and 1 - 1 2(4)
matter
12 Atoms 1 - 1 2(4)
13 Nuclei 4 - 4(4)
14 Semiconductor 2 - 1 3(7)
Electronics,materials,devices and
simple circuits
TOTAL 20(1) 7(2) 7(3) 3(5) 37(70)
 SET-1

MODEL QUESTION PAPER -2020

CLASS-XII SUBJECT-PHYSICS TIME-3 HOURS MAXIMUM MARKS-70

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

(i) All questions are compulsory.

(ii) There are 37 questions in total. Section A contains 20 questions of one mark each,
Section B contains seven questions of two marks each, Section C contains seven
questions of three marks each and Section D contains three questions of five marks
each.
(iii) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in five
questions of 0ne mark each, two questions of two marks each, two questions of
three marks each and all three questions of five marks each. You have to attempt
only one of the given choices in such questions.
(iv) Use of calculator is not permitted. However, you may use log tables if necessary.
(v) You may use the following values of physical constants wherever necessary
C=3x108 m/s, h=6.63x10-34js, e=1.6x10-19 c, µ0=4πx10-7 TmA-1, 1/4π€0=9x109 Nm2/C2
Me= 9.1x10-31 kg, Rydberg constant = 1.097 x 107 m-1

SECTION-A

1. A carbon resistor has coloured strips- yellow, violet, gold and gold. What is its resistance?

2. Which property of Zener diode is used in regulating voltage?

3. Write the SI unit for the activity of a radioactive nuclide.

OR

A heavier nucleus of an element splits into two lighter nuclei. If the process is accompanied by
release of energy, which of the two parent or the daughter would have higher binding energy
per nucleon.

4. Arrange the following in descending order of wavelength:

 X-rays, Radio waves, Blue light, Infrared light

5. State the conditions for the phenomenon of total internal reflection to occur.

OR

How does the angle of minimum deviation of a glass prism vary if the incident violet light is
replaced by red light?

6. What is the de Broglie wavelength of an electron accelerated from rest through a potential
difference of V volts?

7. Ground state energy of hydrogen atom is -13.6 eV. What will be potential energy of the
electron in this state?

8. What is the value of earth’s magnetic field inside a metallic cage?

9. An electron beam passes through a region of crossed electric and magnetic fields of strength
E and B respectively, for what value of electron speed the beam will remain undeflected?

10. What are eddy currents?

OR

Give two application of Eddy current

11. Two nuclei have mass numbers in the ratio 1:8. What is the ratio of their nuclear radii?

12. State the factor, which controls

(a) Wavelength of light and (b) intensity of light emitted by a LED.

13. A nucleus 92U238 undergoes alpha decay and transforms to thorium. What is

(a) The mass number and

(b) Atomic number of the nucleus produced?

14. Two points P1 and P2 are at distances r and 3r respectively from a point charge. What is the
ratio of electric field intensities at these points P1 and P2?

OR

Equipotential surfaces

i) are closer in regions of large electric fields compared to regions of lower electric fields
ii) Will be more crowded near sharp edges of a conductor.

iii) Will be more crowded near regions of large charge densities

iv) Will always be equally spaced

15. A monochromatic beam sends a plane wave front normal to a narrow single slit. The
angular width of the central maxima is measured to be ϴ. What will be the angular width if the
slit width is reduced to half the original?

16. In an A.C. circuit, the resistance is equal to the reactance. What is the power factor of the
circuit?

OR

If the number of turns in a coil doubled, the induced emf due to the same time –varying
magnetic flux will get

(a) doubled (b) halved (c) quadrupled (d) none of these

17. The capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor is to be increased from C by inserting either an
insulating slab or a conducting slab of thickness d/2 between the plates. Which of the two slabs
will be more effective?

18. Four nuclei of an element undergo fusion to form a heavier nucleus with release of energy.
Which of the two- the parent or the daughter nucleus- would have higher binding energy per
nucleon?

19. The polarising angles for two media X and Y are 450 and 500. In which of the two media, light
travels faster?

20. What will be the effect on image, if lower half of the concave mirror is blackened?

SECTION-B

21. When a resistance of 2 ohm is placed across the terminals of a battery, the current is 0.5 A,
when the resistance across the terminals is 5 Ω the current is 0.25 A. Calculate the emf of the
battery.

OR
A conductor of length ‘l’ is connected to a dc source of potential ‘V’.If the length of the
conductor is tripled by gradually stretching it keeping V constant how will the drift velocity of
the electron and resistance of the conductor be affected ? Justify your answer.

22. A particle of mass m, with charge q moving with a uniform speed v normal to a uniform
magnetic field B describes a circular path of radius r. Derive the expression for (a) time period
of revolution and (b) kinetic energy of the particle.

23. Two circular coils made out of same wire but of radii 30 cm and 60 cm are connected in
series. What will be the ratio of the magnetic field at their centres?

24. A slab of material of dielectric constant K has the same area as the plate of a parallel plate
capacitor but has a thickness 3d/4. Find the ratio of the capacitance with dielectric inside it to
its capacitance without dielectric.

25. In a potentiometer arrangement for determining the emf of a cell, the balance point of the
cell in open circuit is 350 cm. When a resistance of 9 ohm is used in the external circuit of the
cell, the balance point shifts to 300 cm. determine the internal resistance of the cell.

26. What is electric potential? Derive the relation between electric field intensity and the
electrostatic potential at a point taking electric field due to a point charge q.

27. Name the phenomenon which is responsible for bending of light around the corners of an
obstacle. Under what condition does the phenomenon take place? Give one application of this
phenomenon in nature. What conclusion can we draw about the nature of light from this
phenomenon?

OR

When are two objects just resolved? Explain how can the resolving power of a compound
microscope be increased? Give relevant formula to support your answer.

SECTION-C

28. (i) Using a neat and labelled diagram, define the three elements required to specify earth’s
magnetic field at a place.

(ii) The horizontal component of the earth’s magnetic field at a given place is 4x10 -5 Tesla and
the angle of dip is 300. Calculate the value of

(a) Vertical component.

(b) Total intensity of the earth’s magnetic field.

29. State the laws of electromagnetic induction. An athlete peddles a stationary tricycle whose
pedals are attached to a coil, having 100 turns each of area 0.1 m2. The coil is lying in the X-Y
plane, is rotated, in this plane, at the rate of 50 r.p.m., about the Y-axis, in a region where a
uniform magnetic field,B= (0.01) K Tesla, is present. Find the (i) maximum e.m.f . (ii) Average
e.m.f. generated in the coil over one complete revolution.

30. Define effective/r.m.s value of an alternating current. Obtain an expression for the
effective/r.m.s current for an A.C represented by I =I0 sin ωt.

OR

Show that in a purely inductive circuit current leads ahead of voltage .Draw phasor diagram for
voltage current relation .Show that power over a cycle in this circuit is zero. Draw a graph to
show the variation of inductive reactance and frequency.

31. (a) Oscillating charges are source of electromagnetic waves. Explain.

(b) Name the part of electromagnetic spectrum used in the following cases

(i) Satellite communication and radar systems

(ii) In water purifiers

(iii) Remote switches in TV sets

(iv) Radio therapy in cancer patients.

32. When un-polarised light is incident on the boundary separating any two transparent media,
explain with the help of a suitable diagram, the conditions under which the reflected light gets
polarised. Hence define Brewster’s angle and write its relationship in terms of the relative
refractive index of the two media.

OR

Write Malu’s Law in mathematical form. For what distance is ray optics a good approximation
when the aperture is 3mm wide and wavelength is 500 nm?

33. The electron in a hydrogen atom, initially in a state of quantum number n 1 makes a
transition to a state whose excitation energy with respect to the ground state is 10.2 eV. If the
wavelength associated with the photon emitted in this transition is 487.5 nm, find the (i) energy
in eV, and (ii) value of the quantum number n1 of the electron in its initial state.

34. An electron and a photon each have a wavelength 1 nm. Find

(i) Their momenta,

(ii) The energy of the photon

(iii) The kinetic energy of the electron.

SECTION-D

35. (a) Deduce an the expression for the torque acting on an electric dipole of dipole moment P
in the presence of a uniform electric field E.

(b) Find the resultant electric field due to an electric dipole at a point x on its equatorial line.

OR

i) Using Gauss law obtain expression for the electric field (i) inside, and outside a positively
charged spherical shell

ii) Show graphically variation of the electric field as a function of the distance r from the centre
of the sphere.

iii) A square plane sheet of side 10cm is inclined at an angle of 300 with the direction of the
uniform electric field 200N/C .Calculate the electric flux passing through the sheet

36. (i) A thin lens, having two surfaces of radii of curvature R1 and R2,made from a material of
refractive index µ2 is kept in a medium of refractive index µ1. Derive the Lens maker’s formula
using this setup.

(ii) A convex lens is placed over a plane mirror. A pin is now positioned so that there is no
parallax between the pin and its image formed by this lens-mirror combination. How can this
observation be used to find the focal length of the convex lens? Give appropriate reasons in
support of your answer.

OR

i) Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation when one concave mirror produces a real,
inverted and magnified image of the object.

ii) Obtain the mirror formula and write the expression for the linear magnification.

iii) Give two advantages of a reflecting telescope over a reflecting telescope.

37. (a) Describe briefly, with the help of a diagram, the role of the two important processes
involved in the formation of a p-n junction.
(b) Name the device which converts input ac to pulse dc and write its principle.

OR

i) A student wants to use two p-n junction to convert alternating current into direct
current. Draw the labelled circuit diagram she would use and explain how it works.
ii) Why are light emitting diodes preferred over conventional incandescent low power
lamps?
iii) Write two application of photodiodes

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN

SESSION: 2019-2020

MARKING SCHEME(SET-1)

CLASS-XII SUBJECT: PHYSICS TIME: 3 HOURS MAXIMUM MARKS:70

Question Answer key Value points

No.
SECTION-A
1 4.7±5% ohm 1
2 For a large variation of current, voltage across Zener diode does not change. 1
3 Becquerel(Bq) 1
OR
Daughter nuclei will have higher binding energy per Nucleon as energy
released will lowers the energy and increases the stability
4 Radio waves>Infrared light>Blue light>X-rays 1

5 (i) Light goes from denser to rarer media ½

(ii) Angle of incidence in denser medium is greater than the critical angle ½

OR
The angle of minimum deviation decreases. 1
6 12.3/√V A0 1
7 -27.2 eV 1
8 Zero 1
9 V=E/B 1

10 Eddy currents are currents induced in the body of the conductor due to 1
changing magnetic flux through it.
OR
Any two ½+1/2
11 1:2 1

12 (a) The wavelength of emitted photon depends upon the band gap ½
(b) On increasing forward current, intensity of light first increases and
attains a maximum value. After a particular value of forward current, ½
intensity of light begins to decrease.
13 (a) 234 (b) 90 ½+ ½
14 9:1 1
OR a,b,c
15 Two times 1
16 1/√2 1
OR 1
A
17 Conducting slab 1
18 Daughter nucleus 1
19 Medium –X 1
20 No change in the position of image only its intensity will be reduced. 1
SECTION-B
21 Emf=(2+r)0.5=(5+r)0.25, emf=1.5 volt ½+ ½ + 1
OR
Vd α 1/l so it becomes 1/3 ½+1/2
R =ζl/A it will become 9 times ½+1/2
22 Time period= 2πm/QB and kinetic energy = q2B2r2/2m 1+1

23 B1/B2=2/1 B=µ0I/2r 1+1

24 Without dielectric the capacitance is C and with dielectric its capacitance=C 1 ½+1+ ½
C1= 4Ck/k+3 and the ratio is 4k/k+3
25 r=(L1-L2/L2)R=1.5 Ω 1+1
26 Electric potential at any point is defined as the amount of work done in 1
bringing unit positive charge from infinity to that point against the direction
of electric field
Relation E= -dv/dr 1
27 Diffraction ½
The size of slit must be comparable to the wavelength of light ½
Diamond ring in solar eclipse ½
Wave nature of light ½
OR
When central maxima of one object coincides with the first minima of the ½
diffraction pattern of the second object ½
R.P= 2nsinθ/1.22λ ½
It can be increased by changing n or λ ½

SECTION-C
28 Labelled diagram ½
Declination: It is the angle made by the north pole shown by the compass ½
needle with true geographic north
Inclination: It is the angle subtended by the resultant intensity of earth’s ½
magnetic field with the horizontal(surface of the earth) at a place
Horizontal component of earth’s magnetic field: It is the component of ½
earth’s magnetic field along horizontal at a place
BV=BH tan I = 0.23 G ½
B=BH sec I =0.46 G ½

29 Laws of EMI
Whenever there is a change in magnetic flux linked with a coil, an induced ½
emf is developed in it and it continues as long as the magnetic flux
continues to change.
The magnitude of the induced emf is equal to the rate of change of ½
magnetic flux linked with the coil.
Maximum emf=NBAω = 0.52 volt 1
Average emf=0 1
30 RMS value of AC is that value of steady current which produces the same 1
heating effect in a given resistor in a given time as is done by instantaneous
value of AC.
Deriving correct Expression of RMS value of AC= I0/√2 2
31 Electromagnetic waves are associated with both time varying electric and 1
magnetic fields. An oscillating charge produces both electric and magnetic
fields each varying with time. These time varying fields produce each other
helping em waves to sustain in space or in a medium.
(i) microwaves ½
(ii) ultraviolet radiations ½
(iii) infrared waves ½
(iv) Gamma rays. ½
32 Labelled diagram ½
When unpolarised light is incident on a plane refracting surface separating ½
rarer to denser at an angle of incidence ip, the reflected light is plane
polarised. In this condition, the refracted ray is normal to the reflected ray
Brewster’s angle: It is the angle of incidence in rarer medium for which the ½
reflected light is plane polarised.
Derivation of Brewster’s law µ21=tan(ip ) 1½
33 (i) Photon energy = hc / λ = 2.55eV 1
Energy of electron in the excited state= -13.6+10.2 =-3.4 eV ½
Energy of electron in n1 state= -3.4+2.55= -0.85 eV ½
-13.6/n12 = -0.85 , n1=4 1
34 (i) p=h/λ= 6.63x10-34/10-9= 6.63x10-25 kgm/sec ½+ ½
(ii) energy of photon= hc / λ = 1.99x10-16 joule 1
(iii) kinetic energy of electron=p2/2m =1.5 eV 1
SECTION-D

35 Deducing correct expression of torque experienced by the dipole in uniform 2

electric field i.e. τ =PE sin ϴ with correct figure ½
Resultant electric field due to an electric dipole with correct figure 2+ ½
OR
2+1+2

36 Correct derivation of lens maker’s formula with ray diagram 2+1

The rays must fall normally on the plane mirror so that the image of the pin 1
coincides with itself. So object is at the focus of the lens, hence this distance 1
is called focal length with ray diagram
OR
Correct diagram 1
Correct derivation 2
Any two points 2

37 (a) Labelled diagram 1

Two important processes during p-n junction formation are diffusion and
drift.
In a p-n junction, due to this difference in density of the charge carriers, the
electrons from n-region diffuse into p- region and holes from p- region to n- 2½
region. So positive space charge region is created on n-side and negative
region on p-side.
Due to the space charge, an electric field is setup from n-side towards p-
side resulting in drift of electrons from p to n and holes from n to p opposite ½
to the diffusion current.
(b) Rectifier 1
Principle: when ideal diode is forward biased, it conducts and when it is
reverse biased, it does not conduct.
OR
Correct answer with diagram 2
Any two 2
Any two 1
 PHYSICS SAMPLE PAPER -2
BLUE PRINT
UNIT CHAPTER NAME OF CHAPTERS VSA SA LA-1 LA-2 TOTAL
NO 1 MARK 2 MARKS 3 MARKS 5 MARKS
EACH EACH EACH EACH
I Electrostatics
1 Electric charges and
Fields 6(6) 2(4) 2(6)
2 Electrostatic potential 16
and Capacitance
II Current Electricity
3 Current Electricity
III Magnetic effects of
current and Magnetism
4 Moving Charges and
Magnetism 4(4) 1(2) 2(6) 1(5) 17
5 Magnetism and Matter
IV Electromagnetic
Induction and
Alternating Current
6 Electromagnetic
Induction
7 Alternating Current
V Electromagnetic Waves
8 Electromagnetic Waves
VI 4(4) 3(6) 1(3) 1(5) 18
Optics
9 Ray Optics and Optical
Instruments
10 Wave Optics
VII Dual Nature of
Radiation And Matter
11 Dual Nature of 4(4) 1(2) 2(6) 12
Radiation And Matter
VIII Atoms and Nuclei
12 Atoms
13 Nuclei
IX Electronic Devices
14 Semiconductor
Electronics: Material, 2(2) 1(5) 7
Devices and Simple
circuit.
TOTAL 20(20) 7(14) 7(21) 3(15) 37(70)
CLASS-XII (SET-2)
 KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA, SANGATHAN,BBSR REGION.
SAMPLE PAPER-2020 (SET-2)
CLASS: XII M.Marks-70
SUBJECT: PHYSICS TIME: 3.00 hr.
General Instructions:

All questions are compulsory. There are 37 questions in total. Questions 1 to 20 carry one mark
each , questions 21 to 27 carry two marks each ,questions 28 to 34 carry three marks each and
last three questions carry five marks each. Use of calculators is not permitted .You may use the
following values of physical constants wherever necessary. C=3x 108m/s, h=6.63 x 10-
34
Js , e=1.6 x 10-19C , µ0=4π X 10 -7 TmA-1, (1/4πԐ0) = 9 X 109 Nm2C-2 , me=9.1 x 10-31 kg.

SECTION-A
1. The threshold wavelength for a metal having work function W0 is λ. What is the
threshold wavelength for the metal having work function 2W0?
(i) 4λ (ii) 2λ (iii) λ/2 (iv) λ/4

2. If the magnetizing field on a ferromagnetic material is increased, its permeability

(i) Is decreased (ii) is increased (iii) is unaffected (iv) may be increased or decreased

3. A point charge q is placed at a distance a/2 directly above the centre of a square of side
a. The electric flux through the square is
(i) q/Ԑ0 (iii) q/4Ԑ0
(ii) q/πԐ0 (iv) q/6Ԑ0
4. In an experiment to find focal length of a concave mirror, a graph is drawn between the
magnitude of u and v. The graph looks like

5. The radii of two metal spheres A and B are r1 and r2 respectively (r1>r2). They are
connected by a thin wire and the system is given a certain charge. The charge will be
greater
(i) On the surface of the sphere B (iii) equal on both
(ii) On the surface of square A (iv) zero on both
6. The transition from the state n=5 to n=1 in a hydrogen atom results in UV radiation.
 Infrared radiation will be obtained in the transition
(i) 2 1 (ii) 3 1 (iii) 4 3 (iv) 6 2
7. There are two coils A and B as shown in fig. Current starts flowing in B as shown, when
A is moved towards b and stops when A stops moving. The current in A is
counterclockwise. B is kept stationary when A moves. We can infer that

(i) There is a constant current in the clockwise direction in A.

(ii) There is varying current in B
(iii) There is no current in A
(iv) There is a constant current in the counterclockwise direction in A.
8. The drift velocity of the free electrons in a conducting wire carrying a current ‘I’ is v. If in
a wire of the same metal, but of double the radius, the current be ‘2i’, then the drift
velocity of electrons will be
(i) v/4 (ii) v/2 (iii) v (iv) 4v
9. Which radiations are used are used in muscle ache?
(i) Infrared (ii) Ultraviolet (iii) Microwaves
(iv) X-rays
10. A n-type semiconductor is
(i) Negatively charged (iii) positively charged
(ii) Neutral (iv) none of these
11. In the circuit diagram show:

(i) What will be the reading in the ideal ammeter?

(ii) Will the current flows along X to Y or Y to X
12. The power factor of an ac circuit is 0.5. What is the phase difference between voltage
and current in this circuit?
OR
The reactance of a capacitor C is X. If both the frequency and capacitance be doubled,
what will be the new reactance?
13. The peak value of emf in ac is E0. Writes its (i) rms and (ii) average value over a
completecycle.
14. A hollow metal sphere of radius 10 cm is charged such that the potential at its surface is
20 V. What is the potential at the centre of the sphere?
15. What do you understand by dynamic resistance of p-n junction diode?
OR
What is internal field emission?
16. The angle between the pass axes of a polarizer and analyser is 450. Write the ratio of the
intensities of original light and the transmitted light after passing through the analyser.
17. Two point charges having equal charges separated by 1 m distance experiences a force
of 16 N. What will be the force experienced by them, if they are held in water , at the
same distance? (Given Kwater=80)
18. A converging lens of of refractive index 1.5 is kept in a liquid medium having the same
refractive index. What is the focal length of the lens in this medium?
19. Show on a graph the variation of the de Broglie wavelength (λ) associated within
electron with the square root of accelerating potential.
OR
For a given photo sensitive material and with a source of constant frequency of incident
radiation, plot a graph showing the variation of photo current with the intensity of
incident light.
20. Two nuclei have mass numbers in the ratio 1:8.What is the ratio of their nuclear radii?
SECTION-B
21. Name the part of electromagnetic spectrum whose wavelength lies in the range 10 -10 m.
Give its one use.
22. Two slits are made of one millimeter apart and the screen is placed one metre away.
What should the width of each slit be to obtain 10 maxima of the double slit pattern
within the central maximum of the single slit pattern?
OR
In Young’s double slit experiment using monochromatic light of wavelength λ the
intensity at a point on the screen where path difference λ is K units. What is the
intensity of light at a point where path difference is λ/3?

23. Derive an expression for the de Broglie wavelength associated with an electron
accelerated through a potential V. Draw a schematic diagram of a localized wave
 describing the wave nature of the moving electron.
24. Two cells of same emf Ԑ but internal resistance r1 and r2 are connected in series to an
external resistor R as given in fig. What should be the value of R so that the potential
difference across the terminals of first cell becomes zero.

25. The instantaneous current in an ac circuit is I= 0.5 sin314 t, what is (i) rms value and (ii)
frequency of the current.
26. Explain briefly how electromagnetic waves are produced by an oscillating charge. How is
the frequency of em waves produced related to that of the oscillating charge?
OR
How are infrared waves produced? Write their two important uses .
27. A potentiometer wire of length 1m is connected to a driver cell of emf 3 V as shown in
fig. When a cell of 1.5 V emf is used in the secondary circuit, the balance point is found
to be 60 cm.

(i) Explain with reason, whether the circuit works , if the driver cell is replaced with a
cell of emf 2 V.
(ii) Does the high resistance R, used in the secondary circuit affect the balance point?
Justify your answer.
SECTION-C
28. Define the term ‘electric dipole moment’. Is it a scalar or vector?
 Deduce an expression for the electric field at a point on the equatorial plane of an
electric dipole of length 2a.
29. Show diagrammatically the behavior of magnetic field lines in the presence of (i)
paramagnetic and (ii) diamagnetic substances. How does one explain these
distinguishing feature?
OR
The relative magnetic permeability of a magnetic material is 800. Identify the nature of
magnetic material and state its two properties.
30. Why cannot two independent monochromatic sources produce sustained interference
patterns? Deduce, with the help of Young’s arrangement to produce interference
pattern, an expression for the fringe width?
31. The short wavelength limit for the Lyman series of the hydrogen spectrum is 913.4 A 0.
Calculate the short wavelength limit for Balmer series of the hydrogen spectrum.
OR
The energy levels of an element are given below.

Identify , using necessary calculations, the transition, which corresponds to the emission
of a spectral line of wavelength 482 nm.
32. The magnetic flux linked with the closed circular loop of radius 20 cm and resistance 2
ohm at any instant of time is Ф=4t+3
Where Ф is in milliweber and ‘t’ is in sec.
Find (i) flux linked with a loop at t=3 s
(ii) Induced emf at t=2 s and
(iii) Plot a graph between (a) Ф and t (b) Ԑ and t
33. (a) Derive the relation between the decay constant and half life of a radioactive
substance.
(b)A radioactive element reduces to 50% of its initial mass in 1000 years. Find its half
life.
OR
(a) Define the term Half life.
(b) A radioactive isotope has a half life of T years. After how much time its activity
reduces to 6.25% of its original activity?
34. Find the ratio of potential differences that must be applied across the parallel and the
 series combination of two capacitors C1 and C2 with their capacitances in the ratio 1:2 so
that energy stored in the two cases , becomes the same.
SECTION-D
35. (a) A long straight wire of a circular cross-section of radius a carries a steady current I.
The current is uniformly distributed across the cross section. Apply Ampere’s circuital
law to calculate the magnetic field at a point r in the region for (i) r<a and (ii) r> a. Plot a
graph showing the nature of this variation.
(b) Calculate the ratio of magnetic field at a point a/2 above the surface of the wire to
that a point a/2 below its surface.
What is the maximum value of the field of this wire?
OR
(a) Draw a labelled diagram of moving coil galvanometer. Describe briefly its principle
and working.
(b) A galvanometer of resistance 80Ω, shunted by a resistance of 20Ω is joined in series
with a resistance of 200 Ω and a cell of emf 1.5 V. What is the sensitivity of the
galvanometer if it shows a deflection of 30 division?

36. (a) A point object O is kept in a medium of refractive index n1 in front of a

convex spherical surface of radius of curvature R which separates the second medium
of refractive index n2 from the first one, as shown in the figure.

Draw the ray diagram showing the image formation and deduce the
relationship between the object distance and the image distance in terms of n1,
n2 and R.
(b)When the image formed above acts as a virtual object for a concave spherical
surface separating the medium n2 from n1 (n2 >n1), draw this ray diagram and
write the similar relation.(similar to (a)). Hence obtain the expression for the Lens
Maker’s formula.
 OR

(a) Using Huygen’s construction ofsecondary wavelets explain how a diffraction pattern
is obtained on a screen due to a narrow slit on which a monochromatic beam of light
is incident normally.
(b) Show that the angular width of the first diffraction fringe is half of the central fringe.
(c) Explain why the maxima at θ =(n+1/2)λ/a become weaker and weaker with increasing
n.
37. (a) Distinguish between an intrinsic semiconductor and a p-type semiconductor.
Give reason why a p-type semiconductor crystal is electrically neutral, although n h>>ne.
(b)Name the important process that occurs during the formation of a p-n junction .

Explain briefly, with the help of suitable diagram, how a p-n junction is formed.

Define the term ‘barrier potential’.

OR

(a) Write the important considerations which are to be taken into account while fabricating
a p-n junction diode to be used as a Light Emitting Diode (LED). What should be the
order of band gap of an LED, if it is required to emit light in the visible range? Draw the
circuit diagram and explain its action.
(b) Draw V-I characteristics of an LED. State two advantages of LED lamps over
conventional incandescent lamps.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 MARKING SCHEME(SET-2)
CLASS-XII (PHYSICS)

QNS NO Expected Answer Value

point
1 (iii)λ/2 1
2 (i)is increased 1
3 (iv)q/6Ԑ0 1
4 © 1
5 (ii)on the surface of square A 1
6 (iii) 4 3 1
7 (iv)There is a constant current in the anticlockwise direction in A. 1
8 (ii)v/2 1
9 (i)infrared 1
10 (ii)neutral 1
11 (i)correct reading ½
(ii)correct direction 1/2
12 Correct formula ½
Correct answer 1/2
13 (i)correct rms value ½
(ii)correct average value 1/2
14 Correct answer 1
15 Correct answer 1
16 Correct formula ½
Correct answer 1/2
17 Correct formula ½
 Correct answer 1/2
18 Correct answer 1
19 Correct graph 1
Or
Correct graph 1
20 Correct answer 1
21 Correct name 1
Correct use 1
22 10λD/d =2λD/a 1
=>a=d/5=0.2 mm 1
OR
Resultant intensity when path diff. is λ is I1=2I+2I=4I=K 1
Resultant intensity when path diff. λ/3=2I+2I cos1200=I=K/4 1

23 Correct derivation 1
Diagram 1
24 I=(Ԑ+Ԑ)/(R+r1+r2) ½
V=Ԑ-Ir1=0 ½
On solving we get R=r1-r2 1

25 (i)Irms=I0/√ 2 ½
=0.5/√ 2=0.35 A ½
(ii)ν=ω/2π ½
=314/2π=50Hz 1/2
26 Explanation for production 1
Explanation for relation 1
OR
Reason 1
Two uses 1
27 (i) Circuit will not work ½
Reason:Total voltage across AB will 2 V, which cannot balance the voltage 3V. ½
(ii) No. ½
Since at balance point no current flows through Galvanometer. ½

28 Definition and correct answer ½ +1/2

Derivation 2
29 Diagram (i) and (ii) 1+1
Explanation 1
OR
Identification 1
 Two properties 2
30 Correct reason 1
Derivation 2
31 1 1 ½
1/λ=R( 2 - 2 )
n1 n2 ½
For short wave of lyman series n1=1 and n2=∞ ½
Hence 1/λL=R => λL=1/R=931.4 A0 ½
For short wave of Balmer series, n1=2 and n2=∞ 1
Which gives λB=4/R=4X931.4=3653.6A0
OR
½
E=(hc/λe) eV
1
=2.57 eV
1
For line C, E1-E2=2.55eV ½
This confirms transition C
32 (i)flux at t=3s=15mWb 1
(ii)Induced emf at t=2s=4mV 1
(iii)graphs(two) ½ +1/2
33 (a)Derivation 2
(b)Calculation of Half life =1000 years 1
34 Ep=Es
CpV 21= Cs V 22 ½
V1/V2 =√ 2/3 1.5
35 Calculation of magnetic field at (i)r<a (ii)r>a 1+1
Graph 1
Ratio calculation 1
Maximum value 1
OR
Labelled diagram
Principle 1
Working ½
1.5
(b)Net resistance=216 ohm
I=1.5/216 A
½
Ig=I/5=1.4 x 10-3 A
Current sensitivity =θ/Ig=21428.5 div./amp. ½
½
1/2
36 (i) Ray diagram ½
Derivation of formula 2
(ii) Ray diagram ½
Write the correct relation 1
Obtain Lens Maker’s formula 1
 OR
(i) Correct figure of division of slits into smaller parts 1/2
Expression for central maxima 1.5
Expression for first maxima 1
Expression for first minima 1
1/2
(ii) Derivation of fringe width
1/2
(iii) Correct explanation

37 Distinguish 1
Reason 1
Important process 1
Correct explanation of formation of p-n junction 1
Definition of ‘Barrier potential’ 1
OR
(a)Important consideration 1
Order of band gap ½
Circuit diagram ½
Explanation 1
(b)V-I Characteristics 1
Two advantages 1
 BLUE PRINT (SET-3)
PHYSICS
CLASS-XII
(2019-2020)

No of questions

S.No Unit VSA SA-I SA-II L.A. Total Total

(1 mark) (2marks) (3marks) (5 marks) Mark Mark

1 Electrostatics 4 1 9

16
2 Current Electricity 5 1 7

3 Moving charges & 1 2 1 - 8

Magnetism
17
4 Electromagnetic 1 1 1 9
Induction and
Alternating Current
5 Electromagnetic 1 - 1 - 4
waves.
18
6 Optics 4 1 1 1 14

7 Dual nature of 2 1 - 5
 Radiation and
matter. 12
8 Atoms and Nuclei - 2 1 - 7

9 Electronic Devices 2 1 1 7 07

Total 20X1=20 7X2=14 7X3=21 3X5=15 70

KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN

Bhubaneswar Region
SAMPLE PAPER-3, 2019-20
PHYSICS (Theory)
Maximum Marks- 70 Time allowed-3 hours
General Instructions:-

(i) All questions are compulsory

(ii) There are 37 questions in total.Questions 1to 20 are very short answer type and carry
1 mark each.
(iii) Questions 21to 27 carry 2 marks each,questions 28 to 34 carry 3 marks each,and
questions35 to 37 carry 5 marks each.
(iv) There is no overall choice. However an internal choice has been provided in one
questions of 1mark, one question of 2 marks, two questions of 3 marks and all
questions of 5 marks each
(v) You may use the following values of physical constants wherever necessary

c =3x108 m/s,h=6.6x10-34Js, e=1.6x10-19 C µo=4πx10-7Tm/A, εo=8.85x10-12 C2/Nm2

________________________________________________________________________
___
SECTION A(1x20)
1. When the separation between two charges is increased, the electric potential
energy of the charges
a) Increases b) decreases c) remains same d) may increase or decrease
2. An electric dipole is placed in a uniform electric field. The net electric force on the
dipole
(a) is always zero
(b) depends on the orientation of the dipole
 (c) can never be zero
(d) depends on the strength of the dipole
3. A charge Q is placed at the centre of a cube. How much electric flux is passing
through one face of the cube?
4. The capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor does not depend on
(a) the size of the plates
(b) the charges of the plates
(c) separation between the plates
(d) nature of medium between the plates
5. If the voltage across a capacitor is made double, by what factor does the
electrostatic energy stored increase?
6. Two resistors A and B have resistances R A and RB respectively such that RA>RB .The
resistivities of their materials are ρAand ρBrespectively.
(a) ρA>ρB (b) ρA<ρB (c) ρA= ρB(d) The information is not sufficient to find the relation
between ρAand ρB
7. Would you prefer a voltmeter or apotentiometer to measure the emf of a battery?
Give reason.
8. Kirchhoff’s junction rule is a consequence of the principle of conservation
of_____________. (charge/energy/mass/momentum)
9. Two resistors R and 2R are joined in parallel across a source. The thermal energy
developed in them is in the ratio______________.
10. Can a charge particle be accelerated by a magnetic field? Can its speed be
increased?
11. The value of power factor at resonance in a series LCR circuitis__________.
OR
A piece of metal surrounded by a coil carrying high frequency alternating current
gets heated up. Give reason
12. Why are microwaves preferred over infrared in a RADAR system?
13. A ray of light from air is incident on medium A, B, C in turn, with same angle of
incidence (450). The angle of refraction in the mediums is 40 0, 350 and 300
respectively. In which medium is the speed of light maximum?
14. The focal length of a lens does not depend upon the
(a) Curvatures (b) refractive index of the lens medium (c) aperture of the lens.

15. Assume light is travelling from air to glass. The frequency of light______________
(remains the same/increases/decreases) in this process.
16. What is the effect on the fringe spacing in interference pattern, if red light is
replaced by green light?
17. Define the term threshold frequency in relation to photoelectric effect.
18. An electron and a proton are travelling with the same momentum. Compare their
de-Broglie wavelength.
19. Name the special diode that can be used as an optical detector.
20. The frequency of light emitted by an LED depends on the___________of the
material using which it is fabricated.
 SECTION B (2x7)
21. Two resistances 2ohm and 3 ohm are joined in series and connected across a 10 volt
battery. Now, a capacitor of 5µF is connected across the first resistor. How much
charge would be stored in it?
OR
Plot a graph showing the variation of resistivity with temperature in the case of a i)
conductor ii) semiconductor.
22. An electron and a proton are projected into a perpendicular magnetic field with
same velocity. The electron describes a circle of radius r in clockwise manner.
Will the sense of revolution of the proton be same or opposite? Will the radius in
case of proton be less/same/more than r? Justify your answer.
23. Using Ampere’s circuital law, obtain the expression for the magnetic field due to a
very long straight conductor carrying current.
24. A hydrogen sample is prepared in a particular excited state A. Photons of energy
2.55eV get absorbed into the sample to take some of the electrons to a higher
excited state B. find the quantum numbers of the state A and B.
25. State the law of radioactive decay. Define the term decay constant. The half-life of a
particular radioactive sample is 20yrs. In how many years will its activity reduce to
6.25% of its initial activity?
26. (a) The magnification produced by three mirrors X, Y, Z is -1, 0.5, and 1.5
respectively. Identify these mirrors.
(b) If a spherical mirror is placed inside water, will its focal length increase/decrease
or remain the same? Support your answer with reasons.
27. Why are photo diodes preferably operated in reverse bias when the current in the
forward bias is known to be more than in reverse bias? State one difference
between photo diode and solar cell in terms of biasing.

SECTION C (3x7)
28. The magnetic susceptibilities of materials A, B, C are -0.001, 0.005, 2500
respectively. Identify these materials. The material A is placed in an external uniform
magnetic field. Depict the modified pattern of field lines.
If the absolute temperature of material C is increased significantly, will there
be a change in itsmagnetic susceptibility? Justify your answer.
29. (i) How are electromagnetic waves produced?
(ii)Derive an expression for displacement current and hence write the modified
form of Ampere’s circuitallaw.
30. Write the expression for the resultant intensity at a point due to the superposition
of two monochromatic waves each of amplitude ‘a’ having a phase difference φ.
In Young’s double slit experiment using monochromatic light of wave length λ,
the intensity of light at a point on the screen where path difference is λ, is K units.
Find the intensity at appoint on the screen where path difference is λ/4.
31. Draw the circuit diagram of a p-n diode used as a full wave rectifier. Explain its
working with input and output sketches
32. A conducting rod XY of length l is being moved towards right in a magnetic field as
shown in the figure. What is the nature of charges induced at X and at Y when the
key is open? Find is the magnitude and direction of current induced when the key is
closed?

OR
A rectangular coil of area A, having N turns is being rotated in a uniform
magnetic field B, with a uniform angular speed w. Derive the expression for the
emf induced across the coil. What is the average value of this emf over one
complete rotation of this coil? Graphically show the variation of such emf with
time.

33. If light of wavelength 412.5nm is incident on each of the metals given below, which
ones will show photo electric emission and why?
Metals Work function(eV)
Na 1.92
K 2.15
Ca 3.20
Mo 4.17
How does the stopping potential change on increasing the wavelength of
radiation?

OR
(i) The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is -13.6eV. Find out the kinetic
energy and the potential energy in the ground state and the first excited state.
(ii) Find the ratio of de-Broglie wavelengths associated with a proton and an alpha
particle accelerated through same V.

34. Give a plot of the variation of binding energy per nucleon with mass number (A). On
the basis of the curve explain why energy would be released in the process of fission
and fusion

SECTION D (5x3)
35. (a) Using Gauss’ law, derive the expression for the electric field at appoint (i) outside
and (ii) inside a uniformly charged thin spherical shell. Draw a graph showing E as a
function of distance from the Centre.
(b) Two thin concentric shells of radii r1 and r2 (r2>r1) have charges q1 and q2. Write
the expression for the potential at the surface of inner and outer shells.

OR
(a) Obtain the expression for the potential due to an electric dipole of dipole
moment P, at a point x, on the axial line.
(b) Write the expression for potential energy of a dipole in an external uniform
electric field. For what orientation does the dipole remain in (i) most stable (ii)
most unstable equilibrium state?

36. (a) An ac source of voltage V=V 0Sinωt is connected across a series combination of an
inductor, a capacitor and a resistor. Use the phasor diagram to obtain the expression
for (i) impedance of the circuit and (ii) phase angle between the voltage and current.
(b) A capacitor of unknown capacitance, a resistor of 100 ohm and an inductor of
self-inductance L=4/π2 Henry are in series connected to an ac source of 200 V and 50
Hz. Calculate the value of the capacitance and the current that flows when the
current is in phase with the voltage.

OR
Explain with the help of a labeled diagram, the principle and working of a
transformer. Deduce the expression for its working formula.
A transformer has 2000 turns in its primary, and 200 turns in its secondary. Its
primary is connected across an ac source of 240 V and the secondary is
connected across a resistor of 20 ohm. Calculate the current in secondary and
primary.

37. a) Draw a ray diagram to show the refraction of light by an equilateral prism. Using
the condition of minimum deviation, obtain the refractive index of the material of
the prism.
b) A beam of light converges at a point P. Now a lens is placed 12cm from P. At what
point does the beam converge if the lens is (i) a convex lens of focal length 20cm (ii) a
concave lens of focal length 16cm?
OR
State Huygen’s principle of construction of wave front.
Draw a diagram showing the propagation of a plane wave front from a rarer to a
denser medium and verify Snell’s law of refraction.
Show that frequency of wave does not change as it goes from one medium to another.
 MARKING SCHEME / PHYSICS / SAMPLE PAPER-3

Q.No. VALUE TOTAL MARK

CORRECT ANSWER/RESPONSE POINT
1 (d) 1 1
2 (a) 1 1
3 Q/ϵ0 1 1
4 (b) 1 1
5 4 times 1 1
6 (d) 1 1
7 Potentiometer does not draw any current from 1 1
the cell
8 Charge 1 1
9 2/1 1 1
10 Yes/no 0.5+0.5 1
11 1 OR due to eddy currents 1 1
12 Due to their smaller wavelength microwaves are 1 1
suitable
13 Medium-A due to smaller ref. index. 0.5+0.5 1
14 Aperture of the lens 1 1
15 Remains the same 1 1
16 Decreases due to decrease in wavelength 0.5+0.5 1
17 Correct defn 0.5+0.5 1
18 1:1 1 1
19 photodiode 1 1
20 Band gap 1 1
21 Caln of I=2A 0.5
Calnof V=4V 0.5
Calnof Q 1
OR 2
Two plots 1
explanation 1
22 Opposite 1
Greater 1 2
23 Ampere’s law 1 2
Correct derivation 1
24 n=3 to n=2 2 2
25 Law 0.5
defn 0.5 2
calculation of t=80yrs 1
26 (a) Correct identification 1.5 2
(b) remain same 0.5
27 Correct explanation 1 2
Difference 1
28 Identification of materials 1
Pattern of field lines 1 3
Susceptibility decreases 1
29 (i) acceleration of charges 1 3
(ii) derivation and expression 2
30 Correct expression of intensity 1 3
Solving for intensity 2
31 Diagram 1 3
Explanation of working 1
Sketches of input output 1
32 X +ve and Y –ve 1 3
Derivation of current and direction 1.5+0.5
33 Calculation of energy of photon 1 3
Naming of metals 1
Effect on stopping potential 1
OR
Calculation of K.E. and P.E. 1
Comparison of wavelengths 2
34 B.E./A plot 1.5 3
Explanation of energy release 1.5
35 (a) derivation 3 5
(b) expression 2
36 (a) derivation 3 5
 (b) Calculation 2
37 (a) derivation with diagram 3 5
(b) Calculation/explanation 2

KENDRIYA VIDYLAYA SANGATHAN BHUBANESWAR REGION

SAMPLE PAPER-4(2019-20) CLASS : XII
Subject : Physics

BLUE PRINT

Long
Very Short Short Short
Answer Total
Answer Answer-I Answer -II
S. No Chapters (L.A.) Marks
(VSA) (SA-I) (SA-II)
(5
(1 mark) (2 marks) (3 marks)
marks)
Electrostatics and Current
1 6 1 1 1 16
electricity(Unit1)
Moving charges and
2 magnetism. 5 2 1 1 17
EMI and AC(Unit2)
, EMW
3 Ray and wave optics. 6 2 1 1 18
Unit 3)
4 Dual Nature 1 1 3 12
 Atoms and Nuclei
(Unit 4)
5 Semiconductor 2 1 1 - 07
TOTAL 20X1=20 7X2=14 7X3=21 3X5=15 70

KENDRIYA VIDYLAYA SANGATHAN BHUBANESWAR REGION

SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER-4

PHYSICS (THEORY) CLASS XII

MM: 70 TIME: 3HRS

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:

1. All question are compulsory. There are 37 questions in all.

2. The question paper has four sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D.

3. Section A contains 20 objective questions of one mark each, Section B contains 7 questions
of two marks each, Section C contains 7 questions of three marks each, and Section D contains
three questions of five marks each.

4. There is no overall choice in the paper. However, there will be atleast 33% internal choice.

Section A

Q1. Two charges are placed at a distance apart. If a glass slab is placed between them, force
between them, force between them will

(a) Be zero (b) increases (c) decreases (d) remains the same
Q2. When an electron approaches a proton, their electro static potential energy
(a) Decreases (b) increases (c) remains unchanged (d) all the above
Q3.The angle between electric dipole moment p and the electric field E when the dipole is in
stable equilibrium

(a) 0 (b) π/4 (c) π/2 (d) π

Q4. Which of the following characteristics of electrons determines the current in a conductor?

(a) Drift velocity alone. (b) Thermal velocity alone (c) both drift velocity and thermal
velocity
(d) Neither drift nor thermal velocity

Q5. Two cells of emfs approximately 5 V and 10 V are to be accurately compares using a
potentiometer of length 400 cm.

(a) The battery that runs the potentiometer should have voltage of 8 V
(b) The battery of potentiometer can have a voltage of 15 V and R adjusted so that the
potential drop across the wire slightly exceeds 10 V
(c) The first portion of 50 cm of wire itself should have a potential drop of 10 V
(d) Potentiometer is usually used for comparing resistances and not voltages
Q6. An energy source will supply a constant current into the load if its internal resistance is

(a) Very large as compared to the load resistance

(b) Equal to the resistance of the load.
(c) Non- zero but less than the resistance of the load.
(d) Zero.
Q7. The time period of a charged particle undergoing circular motion in a uniform magnetic field
is independent of

(a) its speed (b) its mass (c) its charge (d) the magnetic field
Q8. Which of the following does not exist?

(a) isolated electric charge (b) isolated magnetic poles (c) electric dipole (d) magnetic dipole
Q9. Lenz’s law is a consequence of the law of conservation of

(a) charge (b) mass (c) momentum (d) energy

Q10. Energy is stored in a current carrying coil in its

(a) electric charge (b) magnetic field (c) dielectric strength (d) heat
Q11. The conductivity of semiconductor increases with increase in temperature, because:

(a) Relaxation time increases

 (b) Both number density carries and relaxation time increases
(c) Number density free current carries increases.
(d) Number density carries increases, relaxation time decreases but effect of decrease in
relaxatation time is much less than increase in number density.

Q12. If the number of turns in a coil doubled, the induced emf due to the same time –varying
magnetic flux will get

(b) doubled (b) halved (c) quadrupled (d) none of these

Q13. Which law states that a variation in the electric field produces a magnetic field?

(a) Biot-Savart law

(b) Lenz’s law.

(c) The modified Ampere’s Law.

(d) Faraday’s law.

Q14. An object is placed between two parallel plane mirrors. The number of image seen will be

(a) 2 (b) 6 (c) 10 (d) infinite

Q15.Which of the following phenomena cannot be explained by assuming light waves to be
longitudinal?

(a) Interference (b) Diffraction (c) Reflection (d) Polarization

Q16. Newton believed light to consists of

(a) air particles (b) ether particles (c) dust particle (d) corpuscles
Q17. The ratio of the intensities of two light waves is given by 4:1. The ratio of the amplitudes
of the waves is

(a) 2:1 (b) 1:2 (c) 4:1 (d) 1:4

Q18. The angle between the direction of propagation and the plane of polarization is

(a) 00 (b) 450 (c) 900 (d) 1800

Q19. Which of the following is not emitted during the decay of a radioactive substance?

(a) Proton (b) neutrino (c) helium nucleus (d) electron

Q20. On increasing the temperature, the resistivity (or the specific resistance) of a conductor and
a semiconductor

(a) increases (b) decreases (c) increases and decreases respectively (d) decreases and
increases respectively
SECTION B

Q21. Write S.I. unit and dimensional formula for current density.

Q22. State the rule which gives direction of Lorentz’s magnetic force on a moving charge.

Q23. Give two essential characteristics of material used for preparing an electromagnet.

Q24. State the condition under which a microwave over heats up a food item contains water
molecule must efficiently.

Q25. Write the formula for refractive index of a liquid in terms of its real depth and apparent
depth in a tank. Represent graphically the variations of apparent depth with refractive index of
liquid filled in a given tank.

Q26. Do all the electrons that absorbs a photon come out as photoelectrons

OR

Two particles A1 and A2 of masses m1, m2 (m1> m2) have the same de Broglie wavelength than
which possesses more kinetic energy?

Q27. Three photo divides D1, D2 and D3 are made of semiconductors having band gaps of 2.5 eV,
2eV and 3eV respectively. Which one will be able to detect light of wavelength 6000 Å?

SECTION-C

Q28. Find the electric field intensity due to uniformly charged spherical shell of radius R at a
point (i) r=R (ii) r>R (iii) r<R

Q29. A certain galvanometer of resistance of is converted to (i) an ammeter of range I ampere

(ii) an ammeter of range 2i ampere (iii) a voltmeter of range V volts. (iv) a voltmeter of range 2V
volts.

The resistance of the resulting instruments R1, R2, R3 and R4 respectively. Arrange R1 , R2 , R3
and R4 and in decreasing order.

OR

How we can increase the sensitivity of moving coil galvanometer? Is voltage sensitivity depends
upon the current sensitivity of galvanometer?
Q30. A double convex lens has surfaces with radii of curvature 10cm and 15cm. its focal length
in air is 12cm. The refractive index of the material is?

Q31. Two particles A and B of de- Broglie wavelength ʎ1 andʎ2 combine to form a particle C.
the process conserve momentum. Find the de-Broglie wavelength of the particle C.

Q32. (I) In the explanation of photoelectric effect, we assume one photon of frequency v collided
with an electron and transfer its energy. This leads to the equation for the maximum energy E max
of the emitted electron as

Emax = hv - ɸo

If an electron absorbs 2 photons each of frequency v , what will be the maximum energy for
emitted electron?

(ii) Why is this fact not taken into consideration in our discussion of the stopping potential?

Q33. 2He3 and 1 He3 nucleii have the same mass number. Do they have same binding energy?
Explain it.

Q34. With the help of circuit diagram describe the use of a zener diode as a voltage regulator.

SECTION –D

Q35. (A) Derive a formula for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor when a dielectric slab
of thickness t is introduced between the plates?

(b) Two parallel plate capacitor when connected in series give an equivalent capacitance 3µF
and when connected in parallel they give an equivalent capacitance 16µF. Calculate the
value of individual capacitance of the capacitors?

OR

State Gauss’ law in electrostatics. Use this law to determine the electric field at a point due to a
tin plane sheet of charge density ‘σ’. Calculate the field at the midpoint between two thin sheets
of equal and opposite charge densities separated by a distance‘d’?

Q36. (a) Derive an expression for the importance of a series LCR-circuit connected across an a.c.
source.

(B) Draw a graph showing the variation of the current through the circuit with the frequency
of ac source.

(c) What is the impedance of this circuit at resonance?

 OR

(A) Define self-inductance of a solenoid and write its SI unit.

(B) Derive an expression for the self-inductance a long air cored solenoid of length l, cross-
sectional area A having the number of turns N.

Q37. (a) What is interference of light? Write two essential conditions for sustained interference
pattern to be produced on the screen.

(b) Draw a graph showing the variation of the resultant intensity in the interference pattern
against position x on the screen.

(c) What is the effect on the interference pattern in Young’s double slit experiment when:

(i) Screen is moved closer to the plane of the slits?

(ii) Separation between the two slits is increased? Explain your answer in each case.

OR

(a) What is the diffraction of light? Draw a graph showing the variation of the intensity with
angle in a single slit diffraction experiment.

(b) Write one feature which distinguishes the observed pattern from the double slit interference
pattern.

(c) How would the diffraction pattern of single slit be affected when:

(i) The width of the slit is decreased?

(ii) The monochromatic light is replaced by a source of white light?

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 MARKING SCHEME
SAMPLLE PAPER-4

Q .NO. VALUE POINTS MARKS

1-d 2-a 3-a 4-a 5-b 6-b 7-a 8-b 9-d 10-b 11-d 12-a 13-c 1 x 20
1-20 14-d 15-d
16-d 17-a 18-c 19-a 20-c

21. Unit –Ampere/meter2 1

Dimension – AL-2 1

22. Statement 2

23. Two characteristics 2

24. Resonance condition 1

Frequency of microwave matches 1

With the frequency of water molecule

25. Formula – n = real depth/apparent depth

1
Graph

Explanation 1
All the electrons that absorbs a photon does not come
26. out as photoelectron

OR
 ʎ = h/mu

ρ α 1/ʎ

result ½

E= hc/ʎ ½

Calculations and result – 2.06 1

Q27. So any diode D2 will detect the radiate

Calculation of electric field at different point ½

½
I, ii, iii, iv

Q28. R4< R3 , R2< R1 1+1+1

OR
Q29. Not necessarily formula for I and v
Explanation

Formula 1/f = (n2/n1 -1)(1/R1 – 1/R2)

Calculations and result n= 3/2 = 1.5

Pc = pA + pB ½+½+½
h/ʎc = h/ʎA + h/ʎB E= h/ρ 1½
1/ ʎc = 1/ʎA + 1/ʎB
1
ʎc= ʎB .ʎA/ ʎa + ʎB
2
Q30.

i. Here it is given that an electron absorb two 1

photons each of frequency v then v /=2v where v / is ½+½
the frequency of emitted electron. E/=2hv-ᴓ0
Q31. ii. The probability of absorbing two photons by the
same electron is very low. Hence such emission 1
will be negligible.

Nuclei 2 He3 and 1 He3 have same mass number but 2

Q32. He3 has two protons and one neutron. 1 He3’has one
proton and two neutron. The repulsive force between
3
 proton is missing in 1 He3 so the B.E. of 1 He3 is greater
than that of 2 He3

Circuit diagram
explanation

derivation 1
find the capacitance in the presence of a dielectric
medium 2
Q33. solving the numerical with right formula to get two
answer 12µF
and 4µF

OR
Gauss law statement
Application to find E
Finding field between the two thin sheet 1
2

Q34.
To derive the formula for the impedance

Q35. Graph 1
Impedance at resonance 2
2

OR
3
Definition unit
Diagram 1
Derivation 1

Definition condition graph

Reasons for two questions
1
OR 1
3
Q36. Definition , graph,one feature
Reasons for two questions

a)Definition-1, Conditions-1, b) Graph-1

c) For each correct Answer-1 mark each 1 +1+1+2
 Q37. OR

a) Definition-1 ,Graph-1 b) Difference-1

c) For each correct Answer-1 mark each 1 + 1+ 1+ 2

KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN BHUBANESWAR REGION

PHYSICS MODEL QUESTION PAPER-5 2019-20
CLASS XII PHYSICS
MAX MARKS: 70 TIME: 3Hrs.
BLUE PRINT

S.NO UNIT VSA SA (I) SA (II) LA TOTAL

(1 Mark) (2 Marks) (3 Marks) (5 Marks)
1. Electrostatics 1(3) 3(1)
16(10)
2. Current Electricity 3(1)
1(3) 2(2)
3. Magnetic Effects Of 1(2) 3(1) 5(1)
Current and Magnetism
17(8)
1(2) 2(1) 3(1)
4. Electromagnetic
Induction and AC
5. Electromagnetic Waves 1(3) 2(1)
18(10)
6. Optics 2(1) 3(1) 5(1)
1(3)
7. Dual Nature of Matter 1(2) 2(1) 3(1)
and Radiation
1(2) 3(1) 12(7)
8. Atoms and Nuclei
9. Electronic Devices 2(1) 5(1) 07(2)

Total 20×1=20 7×2=12 7×3=21 3×5=15 70(37)

 KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN BHUBANESWAR REGION
MODEL QUESTION PAPER –5 (2019-20)
CLASS XII PHYSICS MAX MARKS: 70 TIME : 3Hrs.

General Instructions:
1. All questions are compulsory. There are 37 questions in all.
2. This question paper has four sections: Section A, Section B, Section C and Section D.
3. Section A contains TWENTY questions of one mark each, Section B contains SEVEN
questions of two marks each, Section C contains SEVEN questions of three marks each,
and Section D contains three questions of five marks each.
4. There is no overall choice. However, internal choices have been provided in eight
questions of one mark, two questions of two marks, two questions of three marks and
three questions of five marks.
You have to attempt only one of the choices in such questions.
5. You may use the following values of physical constants wherever necessary
c = 3 × 108 m/s h = 6.63 × 10–34 Js e = 1.6 × 10–19 C μ0 = 4π × 10–7 T m A–1
ε0 = 8.854 × 10–12 C2 N–1 m–2 me = 9.1 × 10–31 kg mass of neutron = 1.675 × 10–27 kg
mass of proton = 1.673 × 10–27 kg Avogadro’s number = 6.023 × 1023 per gram mole
Boltzmann constant = 1.38 × 10–23 JK–1
SECTION A
1 A dipole is placed in a uniform electric field with its axis parallel to the field. It 1
experiences
(a) only a net force (b) only a torque (c) both a net force and torque (d) neither a net force
nor a torque
2 If voltage applied on a capacitor is increased from V to 2V, choose the correct conclusion. 1
(a) Q remains the same, C is doubled (b) Q is doubled, C doubled (c) C remains same, Q
doubled(d) Both Q and C remain same
OR
Three capacitors are connected in triangle as shown in the figure. The equivalent
 capacitance between the points A and C is

(a) 1µF (b) 2 µF (c) 3 µF (d) 1/4µF

3 The work done in moving 500 µC charge between two points on equipotential surface is 1
(a) zero (b) finite positive (c) finite negative (d) infinite
4 A piece of copper and another of germanium are cooled from room temperature to 80 K. 1
The resistance of
a) each of them increases b) each of them decreasesc) copper increases and germanium
decreases d) copper decreases and germanium increases
5 A carbon resistor of (47 ± 4.7) k Ω to be marked with rings of different colours for its 1
identification. The colour code sequence will be
a) Yellow – Green – Violet – Gold b) Yellow – Violet – Orange – Silver c) Violet –
Yellow – Orange – Silver d) Green – Orange – Violet - Gold
6 Kirchhoff ’s junction rule is a reflection of 1
(a) conservation of current density vector.(b) conservation of charge.(c) the fact that the
momentum with which a charged particleapproaches a junction is unchanged (as a vector)
as thecharged particle leaves the junction.(d) the fact that there is no accumulation of
charges at a junction.
OR
Two cells of emf’s approximately 5V and 10V are to be accuratelycompared using a
potentiometer of length 400cm.
(a) The battery that runs the potentiometer should have voltage of 8V.(b) The battery of
potentiometer can have a voltage of 15V and Radjusted so that the potential drop across
the wire slightlyexceeds 10V.(c) The first portion of 50 cm of wire itself should have a
potentialdrop of 10V.(d) Potentiometer is usually used for comparing resistances and
not voltages.
7 Three wires of equal lengths are bent in the form of loops. One of the loops is circle, 1
another is a semi-circle and the third one is a square. They are placed in a uniform
magnetic field and same electric current is passed through them. Which of the following
loop configuration will experience greater torque?
(a) circle (b) semi-circle (c) square (d) all of them
OR
A circular coil of radius 5 cm and 50 turns carries a current of 3 ampere. The magnetic
dipole moment of the coil is
(a) 1.0 amp – m2 (b) 1.2 amp – m2 (c) 0.5 amp – m2 (d) 0.8 amp – m2
8 The vertical component of Earth’s magnetic field at a place is equal to the horizontal 1
 component. What is the value of angle of dip at this place?
(a) 30o (b) 45o(c) 60o (d) 90o
9 In a transformer, the number of turns in the primary and the secondary are 410 and 1230 1
respectively. If the current in primary is 6A, then that in the secondary coil is
(a) 2 A (b) 18 A (c) 12 A (d) 1 A
10 The current iflowing in a coil varies with time as shown in the figure. The variation of 1
induced emf with time would be

OR
In a series RL circuit, the resistance and inductive reactance are the same.
Then the phase difference between the voltage and current in the circuit is
(a) π/6 (b) π/2 (c)π/4 (d) zero
11 Out of the following options which one can be used to produce a propagating 1
electromagnetic wave?
(A) A chargeless particle (B) An accelerating charge(C) A charge moving at constant
velocity(D) A stationary charge
OR
The electric and magnetic field of an electromagnetic wave are
 (A) in opposite phase and perpendicular to each other (B) in opposite phase and parallel
to each other (C) in phase and perpendicular to each other (D) in phase and parallel to
each other.

12 The electric field of an electromagnetic wave in free space is given by 1

,
where t and x are in seconds and meters respectively. It can be inferred that
(i) The wavelength λ is 188.4 m
(ii) The wave number k is 0.33 rad/m
(iii) The wave amplitude is 10 V/m
(iv) The wave is propagating along +x direction
Which one of the following pairs of statements is correct?
(a) iii & iv (b) i& ii (c) ii & iii (d) i and iii

13 Arrange the following electromagnetic radiations in the order of increasing energy: 1

A:Blue lightB : Yellow lightC : X-rayD : Radiowave
(a)A, B, D, C(b) C, A, B, D(c) B, A, D, C(d) D, B, A, C

14 A thin double convex lens has radii of curvature each of magnitude 40 cm and is made of 1
glass with refractive index 1.65. Its focal length is nearly
(a) 20 cm (b) 31 cm (c) 35 cm (d) 50 cm
15 On a glass plate a light wave is incident at an angle of 60 o. If the reflected and the 1
refractedwaves are mutually perpendicular, the refractive index of material is
√3 (b) 3 (c) 3/2 (d) 1
(a) √
2 √3
OR
A convex mirror of focal length 10 cm is placed in water. The refractive index of water is
4/3.What will be the focal length of the mirror in water
(a) 10 cm (b) 40/3 cm (c) 30/4 cm (d) None ofthese
16 Name the wave phenomena which prove the transverse nature of light WAVES. 1
(a) Interference of light (b) Diffraction of light (c) Polarization of light (d) Refraction of
light
17 The kinetic energy of electron and proton is 10 -32J . Then the relation between their de- 1
Brogliewavelengths is
(a) λp<λe(b) λp>λe(c) λp= λe(d) λp= 2λe
18 When yellow light incident on a surface no electrons are emitted while green light can 1
emit. If red light is incident onthe surface then
(a) No electrons are emitted (b) Photons are emitted(c) Electrons of higher energy are
emitted (d) Electrons of lower energy are emitted
OR
The work functions of metals A and B are in the ratio 1 : 2. If light of frequencies f and 2f
are incident on the surfacesof A and B respectively, the ratio of the maximum kinetic
energies of photoelectrons emitted is (f is greater thanthreshold frequency of A, 2f is
greater than threshold frequency of B)
(a) 1 : 1 (b) 1 : 2 (c) 1 : 3 (d) 1 : 4
19 The ratio of areas within the electron orbits for the first excited state to the ground state 1
for hydrogenatom is
(a) 16 : 1 (b) 18 : 1 (c) 4 : 1 (d) 2 : 1
OR
The first member of the Paschen series in hydrogen spectrum is of wavelength 18,800 Å.
The shortwavelength limit of Paschen series is
(a) 1215 Å (b) 6560 Å (c) 8225 Å (d) 12850 Å
20 The ratio of radii of nuclei 27 125
13 Al and 52Te is approximately
1
(a) 6 : 10 (b) 13 : 52 (c) 40 : 177 (d) 14 : 7
SECTION B
21 Calculate the value of the resistance R in the circuit shown in the figure so that the current 2
in thecircuit is 0.2 A.

OR
A 9 V battery is connected in series with a resistor .The terminal voltage is found to be 8
V.Current through the circuit is measured as 5 A. What is the internal resistance of the
battery?
22 Figure shows the circuit diagram of a potentiometerfor determining the emf ‘ε’ of a cell 2
of negligibleinternal resistance.
(i) What is the purpose of using high resistance R2 ?
(ii) Why cannot the balance point be obtained when the emf εis greater than 2 V?

OR
In the meterbridge experimental set up, shown in the figure, the null point ‘D’ is obtained
at adistance of 40 cm from end A of the meterbridge wire. If a resistance of 10 Ω is
connected inseries with R1, null point is obtained at AD = 60 cm. Calculate the value of
R1 and R2.
23 Draw a plot showing the variation of the current I as a function of angular frequency ‘ω’ 2
of the appliedac source for the two cases of a series combination of (i) inductance L 1,
capacitance C1 and resistanceR1 and (ii) inductance L2, capacitance C2 and resistance R2
where R2> R1.Write the relation between L1, C1 and L2,C2 at resonance.

24 (i) Thin ozone layer on top of stratosphere is crucial for human survival. Why? 2
(ii) Why are infrared waves often called as heat waves? Give their one application.

25 A parallel beam of light of wavelength 500 nm falls on a narrow slit and the resulting 2
diffraction pattern is observed on a screen 1 m away. It is observed that the first minimum
is adistance of 2.5 mm away from the centre. Find the width of the slit.

26 The wavelength λ of a photon and a de-Broglie wavelength of an electron have same 2

2 λmc
value. Show that the energy of the photon is times the kinetic energy of the
h
electrons, where m,e and h have their usual meaning.
27 Using the Band diagram, Explain, how will you differentiate the substance into a 2
conductor and insulator
SECTION C
28 Using Gauss’ lawdeduce the expression for the electric field due to a uniformly charged 3
sphericalconducting shell of radius R at a point (i) outside and (ii) inside the shell.

29 Two cells of emfs ε1, ε2 and internal resistance r1and r2 respectively are connected in 3
parallel asshown in the figure.
Deduce the expressions for
(i) the equivalent e.m.f. of the combination,(ii) the equivalent resistance of the
combination.
30 (a) With the help of a diagram, explain the principle and working of a moving coil 3
Galvanometer.
(b) What is the importance of a radial magnetic field and how is it produced
OR
(a) Derive an expression for the force between two long parallel current carrying
conductors.
(b) Use this expression to define S. I. unit of current.

31 State the working of a.c. generator with the help of a labelled diagram. 3
The coil of an a.c. generator having N turns, each of area A, is rotated with a constant
angularvelocity ω. Deduce the expression for the alternating e.m.f. generated in the coil.

32 Draw a labelled ray diagram to show the image formation in a refracting type 3
astronomicaltelescope in the normal adjustment position. Write two drawbacks of
refracting typetelescopes.
OR
A ray of monochromatic light is incident on one of the faces of an equilateral triangular
prismof refracting angle A. Trace the path of ray passing through the prism. Hence,
derive anexpression for the refractive index of the material of the prism in terms of the
angle of minimumdeviation and its refracting angle.
33 Write two characteristic features observed in photoelectric effect which support the 3
photon pictureof electromagnetic radiation.
Draw a graph between the frequency of incident radiation (v) and the maximum kinetic
energy ofthe electrons emitted from the surface of a photosensitive material. State clearly
how this graphcan be used to determine (i) Planck’s constant and (ii) work function of the
material.
34 Draw a plot of the binding energy per nucleon as a function of mass number for a large 3
number ofnuclei.
Explain the energy release in the process of nuclear fission from the above plot. Write a
typicalnuclear reaction in which a large amount of energy is released in the process of
nuclear fission.
SECTION D
35 (a) StateBiot-Savart’s law, and represent it in vector form 5
(b) What does a toroid consist of ? Find out the expression for the magnetic field inside a
toroid for Nturns of the coil having the average radius r and carrying a current I. Show
that the magnetic fieldin the open space inside and exterior to the toroid is zero.
 OR
(a) Draw a schematic sketch of a cyclotron. Explain clearly the role of crossed electric
and magneticfield in accelerating the charge. Hence derive the expression for the kinetic
energy acquired bythe particles.
(b) An α–particle and a proton are released from the centre of the cyclotron and made to
accelerate.(i) Can both be accelerated at the same cyclotron frequency? Give reason to
justify youranswer.(ii) When they are accelerated in turn, which of the two will have
higher velocity at theexit slit of the dees?
36 (a) (i) ‘Two independent monochromatic sources of light cannot produce a sustained 5
interferencepattern’. Give reason.
(ii) Light waves each of amplitude “a” and frequency “ω”, emanating from two coherent
light sources superpose at a point. If the displacements due to these waves is given by
y1 = a sinωtand y2 = a sin (ωt+ φ) where φ is the phase difference between the two,
Obtain the expression for the resultant intensity at the point.
(b) In Young’s double slit experiment, using monochromatic light of wavelength λ, the
intensity oflight at a point on the screen where path difference is λ, is K units. Find out the
intensity of light ata point where path difference is λ/3.
OR
(a) How does one demonstrate, using a suitable diagram, that unpolarised light when
passed througha polaroid gets polarised?
(b) A beam of unpolarised light is incident on a glass-air interface. Show, using a suitable
raydiagram, that light reflected from the interface is totally polarised, when
n = tan iB, where n isthe refractive index of glass with respect to air and iBis the Brewster’s
angle.
37 (i) Explain briefly, with the help of a circuit diagram, how a p-n junction diode works as 5
afull wave rectifier.
(ii) Why photodiode is always used in reverse bias mode.
(iii) Write any two advantages of LED
OR
(i) How is a zener diode fabricated so as to make it a special purpose diode? Draw I-V
characteristics of zener diode and explain the significance of breakdown voltage.

(ii) Explain briefly, with the help of a circuit diagram, how a p-n junction diode works as
ahalf wave rectifier.
 KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN BHUBANESWAR REGION
MODEL QUESTION PAPER –5 (2019-20)
MARKING SCHEME
Q No SECTION A MARKS
1 d 1
2 c or b 1
3 a 1
4 d 1
5 b 1
6 d or b 1
7 a or c 1
8 b 1
9 a 1
10 a or c 1
11 b or c 1
12 d 1
13 d 1
14 b 1
15 b or a 1
16 c 1
17 a 1
18 a or b 1
19 a or c 1
20 a 1
SECTION B
21 The equivalent diagram of the given electrical circuit is as follows.
1
 1

OR
EMF of the cell
ε = V + Ir
r = (ε – V)/I
= (9 – 8)/5 1
= 0.2 Ω
1

22 (i) (i) The purpose of high resistance R2 is to reduce the current through 1
thegalvanometer. When jockey is far from balance point, this saves the
galvanometer and
the cell (of emf ε) from being damaged. 1
(ii) The balance point is not obtained because maximum emf across
potentiometerwire is 2 V.
OR
R1 /R2 = 2/3 1
(R1+10)/R2 = 3/2 1
By solving R1 = 8 ohm R2 = 12 ohm
23

24 (i) Ozone layer absorbs the ultraviolet radiations from the sun and 1
prevents it from reaching theearth’s surface.
 (ii) Infrared waves are called heat waves because water molecules ½
present in the materials readilyabsorb the infra red rays get heated up.
Application: They are used in green houses to warm the plants or any ½
one application
25

26

27 Band diagram and explanation for conductor 1

Band diagram and explanation for insulator 1
SECTION C
28 Diagram of charged shell 1
derivation outside shell + inside shell 1+1
29 Derivation of expressions for
(i) the equivalent e.m.f. of the combination, 1½
(ii) the equivalent resistance of the combination 1½
30 Principle of moving coil galvanometer, diagram, working 2
importance of radial field and production 1
OR
Diagram of parallel wires ½
Derivation 1½
definition of 1A 1
31 Diagram of a.c.generator 1
working 1
derivation of expression 1

32 Refracting type telescope diagram 2

drawbacks, any two 1
OR
Prism Ray diagram 1
Derivation 2
33 1) The photoelectric current is linearly proportional to intensity of ½ each
incident light. It is because , the intensity of light is proportional to the
number of photons incident per sec per unit area.
2) Photoelectric effect is a instantaneous process. It is because, photo
electrons are emitted due to one to one interaction of photon and
electron. So electrons are emitted without any time delay.
1

Acc to Einstein’s photoelectric equation,

½ mv2 = hν – φ
y = mx + c
Slope = h
Work function = c
34 plot of the binding energy per nucleon as a function of mass number 1
for a large number ofnuclei 1
 Explanation for energy release 1
Nuclear fission reaction (any one)
SECTION D
35 Biot- Savart law statement and equation in vector form 2
A long solenoid on bending in the form of closed ring is called a ½
toroidal solenoid. ½
Diagram of toroid 2
Derivation of B at different regions
OR 1
Diagram of cyclotron
Role of electric field (i) Electric field accelerates the charge particle ½
passing through the gap withthe help of electric oscillator.
(ii) Electric oscillator imparts the energy to charged particle till it
comes out from the exit slit. ½
Role of magnetic field
As the accelerated charge particle enters normally to the uniform
magnetic field, it exerts a
magnetic force in the form of centripetal force and charge particle 1
moves on a semicircular path ofincreasing radii in each dee (D1 or D2 )
so that the particle can cross the electric field many times to get
accelerated.
Derivation of KE

1
36 The light waves, originating from two independent monochromatic 1
sources, will not havea constant phase difference. Therefore, these
sources will not be coherent and thereforewould not produce a
sustained interference pattern.
2
2φ
Derivation of resultant intensity I = 4a2cos
2

OR
 A polaroid consists of long chain molecules aligned in a particular
direction. The electric 2
vectors along the direction of the aligned molecules get absorbed. So,
when an unpolarised
light falls on a polaroid, it lets only those of its electric vectors that are
oscillating along a
direction perpendicular to its aligned molecules to pass through it. The
incident light thus gets
linearly polarised.

2+ 1

Brewster’s law derivation + diagram

37 (i) p-n junction diode works as a full wave rectifier + CIRCUIT 3
(ii) photodiode is always used in reverse bias mode – REASON 1
(iii) any two advantages of LED 1

OR
Zener diode is made with heavily doped semiconductors. ½
V-I graph 1
From the graph, at breakdown voltage , for different values of current ½
through the Zener diode, voltage across the diode remains same.

Half Wave Rectifier circuit diagram 1

working 1
input and output waveform diagrams 1