© April 2024 | IJIRT | Volume 10 Issue 11 | ISSN: 2349-6002

Area Allocation of Major Crops in Bapatla District Using

Linear Programming
S GANAPATHI PRASAD1, P PAVANI2, B AMBEDKAR3, D KESAIAH4 J YESU BABU5
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Bapatla Engineering College, Bapatla, Andhra
Pradesh, India
2, 3, 4, 5
B. Tech Students, Department of Civil Engineering, Bapatla Engineering College, Bapatla, Andhra
Pradesh, India

Abstract— The study was under taken Bapatla district developed by using this mathematical tool, it includes
Andhra Pradesh, India. The data is collected from the various factors like seeds, fertilizers, water, labour,
farmers through the questionary form which includes machinery, and land availability. The linear
details of crops sown, labour cost, machinery cost, cost of
programming is applicable to many fields like
seeds, fertilizers, water cost, total cultivated area of crops,
military, agriculture, hospital, financial, and marketing
operating cost and net returns. Farmers face difficulties
while allocating the limited resources optimally. To solve management. There are wide variety of applications of
this problem mathematical modelling technique is used. linear programming in agriculture field like crop
LINGO 20.0 software are used to analyze the result. As a rotation, land allocation, and irrigation. Ganesh kumar
[1]
result the net returns are increased by 34% by adopting [2021] developed a linear programming model
new crop pattern. which considers crop rotation, water availability, crop
variety to maximize the yield and productivity. A
I. INTRODUCTION cropping pattern is developed to maximize the crop
production under limited resources and linear
Agriculture sector plays a major role in social and programming model is used tomaximize the yeild of
economic development of a country. The study is command area. Kharisma[2][2019] developed a crop
undertaken in bapatla district located in Andhra production planning by using mix integral linear
Pradesh. Some of the major crops grown in bapatla programming model which encompasses the crop
district are maize, paddy, chillies, blackgram. These rotation. By using this mix integral linear
crops plays a crucial role in the economy of the region programming method weekly crop rotation scheduling
and provide livelihoods to a significant portion of plans are developed and the profit is maximized. M.S
population. Farmers in bapatla follow a systematic Tonk[3][2019] introduced a suitable cropping plan to
crop rotation pattern too ensure soil health and get returns more than the existing net average returns
maximize crop yields. By rotating crops, farmers can of farmers using mathematical approach. By using the
replenish soil nutrients, and improve overall soil linear programming technique a cropping pattern is
structure. Crop rotation also increase income for developed. The net returns are increased from 9.66%
farmers in Bapatla District. By developing a variety of to 26.15% by adopting this cropping pattern. Anil
vegetation farmers can get entry to one of the kind rana[4][2020] proposed a cropping pattern to maximize
markets and take benefit of fluctuations in the prices the yield and to reduce the production cost of the crop.
of various plants. This could stabilize earnings and A farm model is developed by using the linear
mitigate the monetary risks of relying on simply one programming tool and the results of the mathematical
crop. Additionally, diversifying crops can help to use model formulated show an increase in farm output by
water and land more correctly considering that one of adopting optimized cropping pattern. The study used
the kind crops have exceptional water and land needs. linear programming for decision making in agriculture
Farmers face difficulties while selecting the type of with the objective of optimum land allocation to four
the crop, crop combination, allocating the resources. major crops with respect to various constraints like
To solve this problem linear programming land, operating cost, labour, seeds, fertilizers,
mathematical tool is used. A crop planning is machinary and water.

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 © April 2024 | IJIRT | Volume 10 Issue 11 | ISSN: 2349-6002

II. STUDY AREA The general form of linear programming model is

Max Z = ∑cixi i=1,2,3…,n
The study was undertaken in bapatla district of Andhra Ci=represents the cost vector
Pradesh. Net sown area of the bapatla district is about Xi= represents the decision variables
107720 ha and gross sown area is about 153133 ha.
Based on the profit analysis we have chosen four IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
major crops in bapatla district like maize, paddy,
chillies, black gram. Table-1: Existing farm plan in Addanki mandal in
Bapatla district
Addanki
Blac
k
Pad Mai Chilli gra
Particulars dy ze es m RHS
Land in
984
acres 1 1 1 1
Fig – 1: Bapatla district (source: google image) cost of 250 300 3000 3630
seeds(Rs) 0 0 0 800 0
III. METHODOLOGY Cost of
9800
fertilizers( 120 120 6500 900
The objective of the study is to maximize the farm 0
Rs) 00 00 0 0
returns by allocating the limited resources optimally. cost of 100 200 150
In this study the data was collected about four major 8500
water(Rs) 0 0 4000 0
crops i.e. maize, paddy, chillies, blackgram during the cost of 160 120 6500 600 9900
kharif season. The data regarding land allocation, cost labour(Rs) 00 00 0 0 0
of seeds, cost of fertilizers, cost of labour , cost of cost of
machinery , water cost is collected from the farmers. 4050
machinary( 400 230 1000 350
The linear programming technique is used in this 0
Rs) 0 00 0 0
study. The linear programming model is developed by Operating 355 520 1740 208 2823
using the averages of the sampling data with the capital(Rs) 00 00 00 00 00
objective to maximize the net returns. The resource
Net 245 110 7600 132 1247
constraints considered in this study are seeds,
returns(Rs) 00 00 0 00 00
fertilizers, water, labour, machinery.
Linear programming equation
Linear programming is a mathematical method for
MAX = 24500X1+11000X2+76000X3+13200X4
optimizing the allocation of resources in a system. It
involves finding the best possible solution to a
The decision variables of linear programming were
problem characterized by linear relationships among
X1 = Areas allocated for paddy
variables, where certain constraints and an objective
X2 = Areas allocated for maize
function need to be satisfied. The goal is to optimize
X3 = Areas allocated for chillies
the objective function while satisfying the constraints.
X4 = Areas allocated for black gram
The solution provides the values of the decision
variables that produce the most favorable results and
Subjected to
is known as the optimal solution.
X1+x2+x3+x4 <=984 (Land constraint)
2500x1+3000x2+30000x3+800x4 <=36300 (cost of
In this study LINGO 20.0 software are used. LINGO
seeds)
20.0 is used to analyse the results. LINGO is a tool that
12000x1+12000x2+65000x3+9000x4 <=98000 (Cost
is designed to solve linear, non-linear, quadratic,
of fertilizers)
integer models and provide an accurate result.

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1000x1+2000x2+4000x3+1500x44 <=8500 (Cost of MAX = 6600X1+11200X2+185500X3+13300X4

water)
16000x1+12000x2+65000x3+6000x4 <= 99000 (Cost The decision variables of linear programming were
of labour) X1 = Areas allocated for paddy
4000x1+23000x2+10000x3+3500x4 <=40500 (Cost of X2 = Areas allocated for maize
machinary) X3 = Areas allocated for chillies
35500x1++52000x2+174000x3+20800x4<=282300 X4 = Areas allocated for black gram
(Operating capital)
X1,x2,x3,x4 >=0 Subjected to
X1+x2+x3+x4 <=5295 (Land constraint)
Maximization of profit and land allocation in Addanki 2200x1+3200x2+35000x3+1200x4 <=41600 (cost of
mandal seeds)
14000x1+13600x2+500000x3+9000x4 <=866000
Table-2: Crop plan suggested by LP model (Cost of fertilizers)
Particulars LHS RHS 1500x1+2500x2+1500x3+500x44 <=6000 (Cost of
Land (acres) 976.52 984 water)
Net returns(Rs) 159841 15700x1+10500x2+12000x3+6000x4 <= 44200 (Cost
of labour)
By adopting the Linear programming method the net 5000x1+22000x2+7000x3+2000x4 <=36000 (Cost of
returns are increased by 28%. machinary)
38400x1++51800x2+185500x3+13300x4 <=216600
Table-3: Existing farm plan in Karlapalem mandal in (Operating capital)
Bapatla district X1,x2,x3,x4 >=0
Karlapalem
Blac Table-4: Crop plan suggested by LP model
k Particulars LHS RHS
Pad Mai Chilli gra Land (acres) 5290.21 5295
Particulars dy ze es m RHS Net returns(Rs) 246362
Land in
5295
acres 1 1 1 1 By adopting the Linear programming method the net
cost of 220 320 3500 120 4160 returns are increased by 13% by allocating the
seeds(Rs) 0 0 0 0 0 maximum land to black gram.
cost of
8660 The net returns of farmers plan and crop plan
fertilizers( 140 136 5000 900
0 suggested by LP model of all mandals in bapatla
Rs) 00 00 0 0
cost of 150 250 district are compared.
6000
water(Rs) 0 0 1500 500
cost of 157 105 1200 600 4420 Maximization of profit and land allocation in
labour(Rs) 00 00 0 0 0 karlapalem mandal
cost of
3600 Table-5: Comparision of net returns
machinary( 500 220 200
0 Mandals Existing Crop plan
Rs) 0 00 7000 0
Operating 384 518 1055 187 2144 farm suggested
capital(Rs) 00 00 00 00 00 plan (Rs) by LP
Net 660 112 1855 133 2166 model (Rs)
returns(Rs) 0 00 00 00 00 Vetapaelm 270200 305726
Inkollu 125700 157879
Linear programming equation Korisapadu 126200 159841

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Ballikurava 10755 127643 Chirala 119 113.69

Santhamangulluru 209350 211733 Chinaganjam 367 362.27
Chirala 270700 306802 Kolluru 4149 4143.09
Chinaganjam 269900 309907 Vemuru 6481 6475.05
Kolluru 85000 93958 Karlapalem 5295 5290.21
Vemuru 85000 94142 Karamchedu 3181.33 3176.06
Karlapalem 216600 246562 Addanki 984 976.52
Karamchedu 26810 309984 Parchuru 1216 1212
Addanki 124700 159841 Nagaram 9136 9127.33
Parchuru 125300 133417 Yeddanapudi 508 499.52
Nagaram 68400 95267 Bapatla 8977 8972.07
Yeddanapudi 80150 136832 Pittalavanipalem 4418 4413.07
Bapatla 218400 247314 Martur 928 921.14
Pittalavanipalem 218100 253114 Amarthalur 9929 9926.05
Martur 195800 232896 Repalle 8073 8066.47
Amarthalur 18020 192075 Janakavaram 1330 1322.56
Repalle 85500 95645 panguluru
Janakavarampanguluru 126200 157879 Bhattiprolu 4663 4657.23
Bhattiprolu 84000 95117 T.sunduru 7641 7638.25
T.sunduru 180700 200978 Cherukupalle 6541 6532.03
Cherukupalle 93900 142718.2 Nizampatnam 4953 4946.91
Nizampatnam 86500 94680 Total 93731.33 93582.73

Maximizing the profit in bapatla district CONCLUSION

Table-6: Comparision of total net returns of entire In this study linear programming model is used to
bapatla district determine the crop plan for the farmers of bapatla
district. The objective is to maximize the net returns of
District name Exiting farm Crop plan the farmers by optimum resource allocation. In this
plan (Rs) suggested by study are Four major crops are selected. The
LP model (Rs) comparative analysis of the result of the LP model and
Bapatla 3401885 4561950 existing plan shows that the LP model increases the
net returns by 34%.

Table-7: Comparision of Land allocation in bapatla ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

district
We would like to express our deep sense of gratitude
Mandals Existing Land to the farmers and the agricultural officers who helped
area (acres) allocation us to collect the data.We are extremely happy to
by LP present this journal on dissertation work under the
model esteemed guidance of, Mr. S. GANAPATHI
(acres) PRASAD, M.Tech, Asst.professor in Department of
Vetapaelm 371 365.85 Civil Engineering, Bapatla Engineering College,
Inkollu 745 737.56 Bapatla.
Korisapadu 1113 1105.52
Ballikurava 1086 1079.19
Santhamangulluru 1527 1523.09

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