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Introduction

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3 views4 pages

Introduction

Uploaded by

abushbate222
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction

Geometry is one of the most challenging fields of mathematics, especially at the Olympiad level.
Proving geometric theorems requires sophisticated reasoning skills and creativity. However, a
team of researchers from Google Deep Mind has developed an AI system that can tackle these
problems with remarkable success. The system, called Alpha Geometry, is the first of its kind to
prove theorems related to Euclidean plane geometry more effectively than the average
International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO) candidate.

In this article, we will explore the fascinating world of Alpha Geometry, an algorithm developed
by researchers at Google Deep Mind and New York University. This algorithm has made
significant advancements in solving complex math problems, particularly in the field of
geometry. We will delve into what Alpha Geometry is, how it works, and its practical
performance. We will also discuss the pros and cons of this algorithm and explore potential areas
of improvement for future development

What is Alpha Geometry?

Alpha Geometry is an algorithm designed to solve challenging math problems, specifically those
encountered in the International Math Olympiads. These problems are known for their high level
of difficulty, often requiring intricate geometric proofs with numerous steps and auxiliary
constructions. Alpha Geometry focuses on solving Euclidean 2D geometry problems, such as
demonstrating Parallel lines or proving distance ratios. It aims to provide elegant and
interpretable solutions to these problems, setting itself apart from previous works in the field.

The Scope of Alpha Geometry

While Alpha Geometry excels in solving Ukian plane geometry problems, it does not extend its
capabilities to other areas of mathematics, such as algebra or calculus. Certain subfields of
geometry, including combinatorial geometry or geometric inequalities, are also not covered by
the algorithm. It is essential to recognize the algorithm's limitations and understand its suitability
for specific problem domains.

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How it works
Alpha Geometry uses two major components in its system, a Language Model and a Symbolic
Engine.

Language models, like Chat GPT or Gemini (Bard), are indeed powerful for generating stuff, but
they lack the precision and accuracy in order to produce a working answer that will solve a
complex geometry problem.
Symbolic engines on the other hand, are more logical and precise, and are able to solve complex
geometry problems, but they are too slow as they try to find every fact and process that can solve
problems

Oversimplified, but you get the point.


Alpha Geometry’s approach uses the pros of both components. The symbolic engine solves the
problem logically, and instead of directly searching for all possible facts and steps, the language
model provides the facts instead.
This significantly reduces the time needed by the symbolic engine to solve the problem. After
attempting to solve it, the symbolic engine will send feedback to the language model. The cycle
goes on until the problem is solved

Alpha Geometry leverages a combination of symbolic learning techniques and a Transformer-


based language model to solve geometry problems. The algorithm follows a step-by-step

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approach, using deductive database rules and algebraic rules to make deductions from the given
set of hypotheses
The symbolic machine within Alpha Geometry employs deductive database rules to make direct
deductions from the hypotheses. These rules, developed based on previous work, facilitate
straightforward and interpretable deductions. However, deductive database rules alone are
insufficient for solving complex geometry problems.
One of the key features of Geometry is that it can construct new geometric elements, such as
points, lines, or circles, to simplify the problem. The language model predicts which elements are
most likely to be useful, based on the given diagram and statement. The deduction engine then
adds these elements to the diagram and infers more facts about the geometry. This process helps
the system to find logical solutions for complex geometry problems.
For example

In a paper published today in Nature, we introduce Alpha Geometry, an AI system that solves
complex geometry problems at a level approaching a human Olympiad gold-medalist - a
breakthrough in AI performance. In a benchmarking test of 30 Olympiad geometry problems,
Alpha Geometry solved 25 within the standard Olympiad time limit. For comparison, the
previous state-of-the-art system solved 10 of these geometry problems, and the average human
gold medalist solved 25.9 problems.

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In our benchmarking set of 30 Olympiad geometry problems (IMO-AG-30), compiled from the
Olympiads from 2000 to 2022, Alpha Geometry solved 25 problems under competition time
limits. This is approaching the average score of human gold medalists on these same problems.
The previous state-of-the-art approach, known as “Wu’s method”, solved 10.
AI systems often struggle with complex problems in geometry and mathematics due to a lack of
reasoning skills and training data. Alpha Geometry’s system combines the predictive power of a
neural language model with a rule-bound deduction engine, which work in tandem to find
solutions. And by developing a method to generate a vast pool of synthetic training data - 100
million unique examples - we can train Alpha Geometry without any human demonstrations,
sidestepping the data bottleneck.

Pros:
 Alpha Geometry can solve geometry problems that are challenging even for highly
skilled mathematicians.
 The algorithm does not require human-made examples for training, making it highly
autonomous.
 It provides elegant and interpretable solutions, enhancing the understanding and Clarity
of proofs.
Cons:
 Alpha Geometry is limited to Ukian plane geometry problems and does not extend its
capabilities to other areas of mathematics.

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