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11 Lab - Student BST

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9 views2 pages

11 Lab - Student BST

Uploaded by

Abdullah Gull
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Data Structures and Algorithms Lab

Lab 11 Marks 10

Instructions
➢ Work in this lab individually. Follow the best coding practices and include comments to explain the logic where necessary.
➢ You can use your books, notes, handouts, etc. but you are not allowed to borrow anything from your peer student.
➢ Do not use any AI tool for help; doing so will be considered cheating and may result in lab cancellation and possible disciplinary
action.
➢ Test your program thoroughly with various inputs to ensure proper functionality and error handling.
➢ Show your work to the instructor before leaving the lab to get some or full credit.

Binary Search Tree (BST) for Student Management


Implement a class for Binary Search Trees (BST). Each node of this tree will store the id, name, and fee of a student existing in a
text file named input.txt. The data in the input file is formatted as follows: each new line contains the student's id, followed by a
blank space, the student's name, another blank space, and finally, the student's fee.

class Student
{
friend class StudentBST;

private:
int id; /** student identifier (unique). */
string name; /** student name. */
float fee; /** student fee. */
Student* left; /** left subtree of a node. */
Student* right; /** right subtree of a node. */
};

class StudentBST
{
private:
Student* root; /** root of the tree. */

void inOrder(Student* stree); /** Helper for in-order traversal. */


void preOrder(Student* stree); /** Helper for pre-order traversal. */
void postOrder(Student* stree); /** Helper for post-order traversal. */
void destroy(Student* stree); /** Helper to destroy the tree. */
public:
StudentBST(); /** constructor. */
~StudentBST(); /** destructor. */
};

Specifications for Member Functions


Implement the following member functions of the StudentBST class:

1. void insert(int id, string name, float fee)


• Inserts a new student with the given id, name, and fee into the BST at the appropriate position.
• If a student with the same id already exists, this function will not insert the new record and will display an error message
such as: "Student with ID <id> already exists".
• Time Complexity:
o Average Case: 𝑂(log 𝑁)
o Worst Case: 𝑂(𝑁) (if the tree is unbalanced)

2. void search(int id)


• Searches for a student with the given id in the BST. Displays their details (id, name, fee) if found or an appropriate message
otherwise.
• Time Complexity:
o Average Case: 𝑂(log 𝑁)
o Worst Case: 𝑂(𝑁)

Umair Babar, FCIT – PU. Lahore. Page 1 of 2


3. void inOrder()
• Performs an in-order traversal of the BST and displays the details (id, name, fee) of each student.
• Calls the private helper function:
o void inOrder(Student* stree)
▪ A recursive function that performs the in-order traversal on the subtree pointed to by stree.
• Time Complexity: 𝑂(𝑁)

4. void preOrder()
• Performs a pre-order traversal of the BST and displays the details (id, name, fee) of each student.
• Calls the private helper function:
o void preOrder(Student* stree)
▪ A recursive function that performs the pre-order traversal on the subtree pointed to by stree.
• Time Complexity: 𝑂(𝑁)

5. void postOrder()
• Performs a post-order traversal of the BST and displays the details (id, name, fee) of each student.
• Calls the private helper function:
o void postOrder(Student* stree)
▪ A recursive function that performs the post-order traversal on the subtree pointed to by stree.
• Time Complexity: 𝑂(𝑁)

6. void destroy(Student* stree)


• A private, recursive function that destroys (deallocates) the nodes of the subtree pointed to by stree in a post-order
manner. The left and right subtrees of a node are destroyed before deallocating the node itself.
• Time Complexity:
o Worst Case: 𝑂(𝑁)

7. void deleteNode(int id)


• Removes a particular student from the tree based on their id. Displays an appropriate message in either case.
• Carefully handles all boundary cases (e.g., deleting the root node, nodes with one or two children, or a leaf node).
• Time Complexity:
o Average Case: 𝑂(log 𝑁)
o Worst Case: 𝑂(𝑁)

Input File Specifications


The program should read student data from the file input.txt in the following format:
<id name fee>

<id name fee>

<id name fee>

...
Each student’s data is separated by a blank line.

Main Function
• Implement the main() function to test the functionality of the BST. The program should:
1) Read data from the input.txt file and insert it into the BST.
2) Perform searches for specific ids and display appropriate outputs.
3) Display the BST contents using in-order, pre-order, and post-order traversals.
4) Test the deletion functionality.

Umair Babar, FCIT – PU. Lahore. Page 2 of 2

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