PKM Educational Trust ®

R. R. Institute of Technology
Affiliated to VTU Belgaum and Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Recognised by Govt. of Karnataka,
Since 1993 Accredited by NBA, NAAC with ‘A+’
Raja Reddy Layout, Chikkabanavara, Bengaluru – 560 090 Department of
Computer
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Project Work Record

Synopsis Approval

Batch No: G-22 Year: 4th Academic Year: 2024-25

Name & USN of Students:

Sl. No USN Name of the Student Contact No.

01 1RI21CS085 PUNEETH T 7892142216
02 1RI21CS087 RAHUL 8197237271
03 1RI22CS401 BASAVARAJ SHANKAR MUTTAGI 9481369332
04 1RI21CS009 ABHISHEK SINGH 9113467806

Title of the Project:

Enhancing Urban Resilience real time monitoring systems for smart cities using IoT

Place of Project : Bangalore Industry/College : R R Institute of Technology

If in industry? Enclose the under mentioned documents.

Copy of the acceptance letter from the Industry to do the project at their place.
This project is approved and the students are asked to carry out the said project and submit it
within the stipulated period along with the project report as per the guidelines of VTU.

Project Guide Project Coordinator HOD

 PKM Educational Trust ®

R. R. Institute of Technology
Affiliated to VTU Belgaum and Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Recognised by Govt. of Karnataka,
Since 1993 Accredited by NBA, NAAC with ‘A+’
Raja Reddy Layout, Chikkabanavara, Bengaluru – 560 090 Department of
Computer
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Synopsis

1. Name of the College:

R R Institute of Technology
2. Project Title:
Enhancing Urban Resilience real time monitoring systems for smart cities using IoT.

3. Branch: B E Computer Science

4. Project Theme:
Internet of Things (IOT)
5. Name(s) of Project guide(s) with Phone number and Mail ID :
Veena V, 9900311655, [email protected]
6. Name & USN of Team Members with Phone number and Mail ID :
Puneeth T (1RI21CS085), 7892142216, [email protected]
Rahul (1RI21CS087), 8197237271, [email protected]
Basavaraj Shankar Muttagi (1RI22CS401), 9481369332, [email protected]
Abhishek Singh (1RI21CS009), 9113467806, [email protected]
7. Name & USN of Team Leader with Phone number and Mail ID :
Puneeth T (1RI21CS085), 7892142216, [email protected]
8. Scope / Objectives of the project:

1. Real-Time Data Collection: Utilize IoT sensors and devices to gather real-time data
on traffic, air quality, energy usage, and infrastructure health.
2. Improved Public Safety: Develop systems to monitor and alert authorities about
accidents, crime, and hazardous conditions.
3. Smart Transportation: Implement IoT-based systems to reduce traffic congestion and
improve public transit efficiency.

9. Problem Identification:
 PKM Educational Trust ®

R. R. Institute of Technology
Affiliated to VTU Belgaum and Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Recognised by Govt. of Karnataka,
Since 1993 Accredited by NBA, NAAC with ‘A+’
Raja Reddy Layout, Chikkabanavara, Bengaluru – 560 090 Department of
Computer
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

The growing complexity of urban traffic and the rapid expansion of cities have led to
significant challenges in managing traffic flow, ensuring road safety, and optimizing
transportation infrastructure. Traditional traffic monitoring systems, relying on fixed
sensors and manual interventions, often struggle with scalability, real-time responsiveness,
and accuracy in dynamic environments. Moreover, existing systems face issues related to
high computational demands, network dependency, vulnerability to adverse weather
conditions, and limited predictive capabilities. These limitations hinder the effectiveness of
current traffic management solutions, leading to congestion, longer travel times, and
increased environmental impact.
Therefore, there is a need for an advanced, integrated traffic monitoring and management
system that leverages the power of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for accurate
vehicle detection and classification, IoT devices for real-time data collection, and edge
computing for low-latency processing. This system must be scalable, energy-efficient, and
capable of adapting to changing traffic conditions, weather, and urban growth, while also
ensuring data security and privacy. Addressing these challenges is crucial for improving
traffic efficiency, reducing congestion, enhancing safety, and contributing to the
development of smart cities.

Existing System-
Current real-time traffic monitoring systems leverage Convolutional Neural Networks
(CNNs) and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies to manage urban traffic efficiently.
These systems primarily use camera feeds for vehicle detection, classification, and traffic
flow analysis, complemented by IoT sensors for data collection on speed, density, and
environmental conditions. Data is processed either on centralized cloud servers or, in some
cases, on edge devices to reduce latency. These systems are integrated with traffic lights for
basic control and provide analytics to support urban planning. However, they face several
limitations, including high computational demands, dependence on network connectivity,
vulnerability to adverse weather and lighting conditions, and scalability issues.
Additionally, the systems often suffer from privacy concerns, cybersecurity risks, and the
high costs of hardware and maintenance, making them less effective for large-scale
 PKM Educational Trust ®

R. R. Institute of Technology
Affiliated to VTU Belgaum and Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Recognised by Govt. of Karnataka,
Since 1993 Accredited by NBA, NAAC with ‘A+’
Raja Reddy Layout, Chikkabanavara, Bengaluru – 560 090 Department of
Computer
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
deployment in rapidly growing smart cities.

Existing System Disadvantages-

High Computational Requirements:

 CNN models are computationally intensive and require powerful hardware (GPUs,
TPUs), which may not be feasible for edge devices.
 Delays in processing due to resource limitations can impact real-time performance.
Network Dependency:

 IoT devices rely heavily on network connectivity to transmit data, making them
vulnerable to network failures or delays.
 High bandwidth is required for transmitting video feeds, increasing operational
costs.
Data Privacy and Security:

 Video footage and IoT data are sensitive; breaches can lead to privacy violations.
 IoT devices are often targets for cyberattacks due to insufficient security measures.
Scalability Challenges:

 Adding more cameras or sensors to cover larger areas can lead to significant
increases in hardware and infrastructure costs.
 Integrating data from multiple sources into a cohesive system is complex.
Weather and Lighting Conditions:

 Performance of camera-based systems is affected by poor lighting, rain, fog, or

extreme weather conditions.
 CNN models struggle with low-visibility scenarios, reducing accuracy.
False Positives and Negatives:

 CNNs may misclassify objects or fail to detect events in complex traffic scenes.
 Noise in data (e.g., shadows, reflections) can lead to inaccuracies.
Limited Real-Time Response:

 Delays in data processing and decision-making affect the timeliness of responses.

Energy Consumption:
 PKM Educational Trust ®

R. R. Institute of Technology
Affiliated to VTU Belgaum and Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Recognised by Govt. of Karnataka,
Since 1993 Accredited by NBA, NAAC with ‘A+’
Raja Reddy Layout, Chikkabanavara, Bengaluru – 560 090 Department of
Computer
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

 IoT devices and edge computing nodes consume significant energy, especially when
deployed at scale.
 Sustainability becomes a concern in energy-scarce regions.
Maintenance Costs:

 Frequent maintenance of IoT devices, cameras, and network infrastructure is

required to ensure optimal performance.
Lack of Standardization:

 Different vendors use proprietary systems, making integration difficult.

 Incompatibility between hardware, software, and data formats limits interoperability.

Proposed System-

The proposed system addresses the limitations of existing solutions by combining

optimized CNN models with advanced IoT devices and an edge-cloud hybrid
architecture. This system enables real-time traffic monitoring and management with
improved accuracy and efficiency. Edge computing processes data locally, reducing
latency, while cloud servers handle long-term analytics and storage. IoT sensors
complement camera data for a holistic view of traffic conditions, and adaptive traffic
signal control ensures dynamic management based on real-time data. The system
incorporates machine learning for predictive analytics, enabling proactive congestion
and accident mitigation. Robust preprocessing techniques make it resilient to adverse
weather, while energy-efficient IoT devices reduce operational costs and environmental
impact. Furthermore, the system adheres to standardized protocols for interoperability
and scalability, ensuring it can expand to meet future urban demands while enhancing
data security and privacy. This solution offers a smarter, more sustainable approach to
urban traffic management, meeting the needs of modern smart cities.

Proposed System- Adavantages

 Reduced Traffic Congestion: Real-time monitoring and adaptive signal control
optimize traffic flow, minimizing delays.
 Enhanced Safety: Automated detection of accidents and efficient emergency
 PKM Educational Trust ®

R. R. Institute of Technology
Affiliated to VTU Belgaum and Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Recognised by Govt. of Karnataka,
Since 1993 Accredited by NBA, NAAC with ‘A+’
Raja Reddy Layout, Chikkabanavara, Bengaluru – 560 090 Department of
Computer
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
response systems improve road safety.
 Environmental Sustainability: Lower vehicle idling times reduce emissions,
contributing to cleaner air.
 Improved Commuter Experience: Real-time updates and optimized routes make
travel more efficient and less stressful.
 Data-Driven Urban Planning: Insights from traffic data support better
infrastructure planning and policy-making.
 PKM Educational Trust ®

R. R. Institute of Technology
Affiliated to VTU Belgaum and Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Recognised by Govt. of Karnataka,
Since 1993 Accredited by NBA, NAAC with ‘A+’
Raja Reddy Layout, Chikkabanavara, Bengaluru – 560 090 Department of
Computer
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
10. Methodology/Flow Diagram with Detailed Description:
 PKM Educational Trust ®

R. R. Institute of Technology
Affiliated to VTU Belgaum and Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Recognised by Govt. of Karnataka,
Since 1993 Accredited by NBA, NAAC with ‘A+’
Raja Reddy Layout, Chikkabanavara, Bengaluru – 560 090 Department of
Computer
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
11. Expected Outcome of the Project:
The expected outcome of the proposed real-time traffic monitoring system is a more
efficient, responsive, and sustainable urban traffic management framework. By integrating
optimized Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) with advanced IoT technologies and
edge computing, the system will deliver real-time insights into traffic flow, congestion, and
incidents with minimal latency. This will lead to smoother traffic operations, reduced
congestion, and quicker response times to accidents or emergencies. The adaptive traffic
signal control will optimize traffic light patterns, reducing waiting times and improving
overall road safety. Additionally, predictive analytics will allow for proactive management
of traffic, preventing potential bottlenecks and reducing travel time for commuters. The
system’s energy-efficient IoT devices and scalable design will make it cost-effective and
environmentally friendly, contributing to the sustainability goals of smart cities. Enhanced
data security and privacy protocols will also ensure user confidence, while the system’s
ability to operate under diverse environmental conditions ensures reliability in all scenarios.
12. Is the Project Proposed Relevant to the Industry or Institution?
Yes / No:
If Yes, Please provide details of the Industry/Institution with mail ID and contact
number:
With significant applications in the cities, this project is well-suited to smart traffic for
vehicals and offering a balanced monitoring system that brings advanced Technology and
ease to smart traffic.

13. Can the product or process developed in the project be taken up for filing a
Patent/Publication?
PATENT/PUBLICATION
14. Any Other Technical Details:

Software Components: Python, Raspbian 64 bit.

Hardware Components: Cameras, Edge Devices ( Raspberry Pi), Servo Motor.
Core Technologies : Cloud Computing, Artificial Intelligence.

15. Project Coordinator:

Dr. Shivakumar Swamy N

Veena V Dr. Manjunath R

(Name & Signature of Project Guide) (Name & Signature of HOD with Seal)
Email id:[email protected] Email id: [email protected]
Contact No.: 9900311655 Contact No: 9901211222
 PKM Educational Trust ®

R. R. Institute of Technology
Affiliated to VTU Belgaum and Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Recognised by Govt. of Karnataka,
Since 1993 Accredited by NBA, NAAC with ‘A+’
Raja Reddy Layout, Chikkabanavara, Bengaluru – 560 090 Department of
Computer
Department of Computer Science & Engineering