EXP NO:1 8051 ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAM USING KEIL SIMULATOR

DATE:

AIM:
To write an 8051 Assembly Language Program for an 8-bit addition using Keil
simulator and execute it.
SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
Keil μvision5 IDE
INTRODUCTION TO 8051 SIMULATORS:
A simulator is software that will execute the program and show the results exactly to the
program running on the hardware, if the programmer finds any errors in the program while
simulating the program in the simulator, he can change the program and re-simulate the code
and get the expected result, before going to the hardware testing. The programmer can
confidently dump the program in the hardware when he simulates his program in the
simulator and gets the expected results.
8051 controller is a most popular 8-bit controller which is used in a large number of
embedded applications and many programmers write programs according to their application.
So testing their programs in the software simulators is a way. Simulators will help the
programmer to understand the errors easily and the time taken for the testing is also
decreased.
These simulators are very useful for students because they do not need to build the complete
hardware for testing their program and validate their program very easily in an interactive
way.
List of 8051 Simulators:
The list of simulators is given below with their features:
1. MCU 8051: MCU 8051 is an 8051 simulator that is very simple to use and has an
interactive IDE (Integrated Development Environment). It is developed by Martin
Osmera and most important of all is that it is completely free. There are many
features for this IDE they are,
a. It supports both C and assembly language for compilation and simulation
b. It has an in-built source code editor, graphical notepad, ASCII charts,
Assembly symbol viewer, etc. It also supports several 8051 ICs like at89c51,
A89S52, 8051, 8052, etc.
c. It will support certain electronic simulations like LED, 7 segment display,
LCD etc. which will help in giving the output when you interface these things
to the hardware directly.
d. It has tools like hex decimal editors, base converters, special calculator, file
converters, inbuilt hardware programmers, etc.
e. It has syntax validation, pop base auto-completion etc.
You can download this tool from https://sourceforge.net/projects/mcu8051ide/files/.
2. EDSIM 51: This is a virtual 8051 interfaced with virtual peripherals like 7 segment
display, motor, keypad, UART etc. This simulator is exclusively for students developed by
James Rogers,. The features of this simulator are
● Have virtual peripherals like ADC, DAC with scope to display, comparator
etc.
● supports only assembly language
● IDE is completely written in JAVA and supports all the OS.
● completely free and with user guide, examples, etc.
You can download this simulator from the https://www.edsim51.com/index.html.
3. 8051 IDE: This simulation software is exclusively for the Windows operating system
(98/xp). The features of this simulator are
 Text editor, assembler, and software simulate in one single program.
 has facilities like Breakpoint setter, execute to break point, predefined simulator
watch window, etc.
 It is available in both free version and paid version.
You can download this tool from https://www.acebus.com/win8051.htm
4. KEIL µVision: KEIL is the most popular software simulator. It has many features like
interactive IDE and supports both C and assembly languages for compilation and simulation.
You can download and get more information from https://www.keil.com/c51/.
INSTALLATION OF KEIL SOFTWARE
Set up Keil IDE for Programming
Keil µVision IDE is a popular way to program MCUs containing the 8051
architectures. It supports over 50 microcontrollers and has good debugging tools
including logic analyzers and watch windows.
In this article, we will use the AT89C51ED2 microcontroller, which has:
● 64 KB FLASH ROM
● On-chip EEPROM
● 256 Bytes RAM
● In-System programming for uploading the program
● 3 Timer/counters
● SPI, UART, PWM

The Keil µVision icon.

 To start writing a new program, you need to create a new project. Navigate to project
—> New µVision project. Then save the new project in a folder.

After saving the file, a new window will pop up asking you to select your microcontroller.
As discussed, we are using AT89C51/AT89C51ED2/AT89C52, so select this controller under
the Microchip section (as Atmel is now a part of Microchip).

Select ‘Yes’ in the next pop-up, as we do not need this file in our project.

Our project workspace is now ready!

From here, we need to create a file where we can write our C code. Navigate to File —> New.
Once the file is created, save it with .c extension in the same project folder.

Next, we have to add that .c or .asm file to our project workspace. Select Add Existing
Files and then select the created .c or .asm file to get it added.

The workspace and project file are ready

 PROCEDURE:

1. Create a new project, go to “Project” and close the current project “Close
Project”.
2. Next Go to the Project New μVision Project and Create New Project Select
Device for Target.
3. Select the device AT89C51ED2 or AT89C51 or AT89C52
4. Add Startup file Next go to “File” and click “New”.
5. Write a program on the editor window and save it with .asm extension.
6. Add this source file to Group and click on “Build Target” or F7.
7. Go to debugging mode to see the result of simulation by clicking Run or step
run.8.

PROGRAM:
ORG 0000H
CLR C
MOV A, #20H
ADD A, #21H
MOV R0, A
END
OUTPUT:
RESULT:
The 8051 Assembly Language Program for an 8-bit addition using the Keil simulator
was executed successfully.
EXP NO:2 TEST DATA TRANSFER BETWEEN REGISTERS AND MEMORY
DATE:

AIM:
To write and execute an Assembly language program to transfer data between
registers and memory.

SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
Keil μvision5 IDE

PROCEDURE
8. Create a new project, go to “Project” and close the current project “Close
Project”.
9. Next Go to the Project New μVision Project and Create a New Project
Select Device for the Target.
10. Select the device AT89C51ED2 or AT89C51 or AT89C52
11. Add Startup file Next go to “File” and click “New”.
12. Write a program on the editor window and save it with .asm extension.
13. Add this source file to Group and click on “Build Target” or F7.
14. Go to debugging mode to see the result of the simulation by clicking Run or
Step run.
PROGRAM:

a. Write an assembly language program to transfer N = ___ bytes of data

from location A: _______h to location B: _______h.
Let N = 05h, A: 30h B: 40h
mov r0,#30h //source address
mov r1,#40h //destination address
mov r7,#05h //Number of bytes to be moved
back: mov a,@r0
mov @r1,a
inc r0
inc r1
djnz r7,back //repeat till all data transferred
end
OUTPUT

b. Write an assembly language program to exchange N = ___h bytes of data

at location A: _____h and at location B: _____h.
Let N = 05h A: 30h B: 40h
mov r0,#30h //source address
mov r1,#40h //destination address
mov r7,#05h //count, the number of data to be exchanged
back: mov a,@r0
mov r4,a
mov a,@r1
mov @r0,a
mov a,r4
mov @r1,a
inc r0
inc r1
djnz r7,back
end
Output:

c. Write an assembly language program to find the largest element in a

given array of N =___ h bytes at location 4000h. Store the largest element
at location 4062h.
Let N = 06h
mov r3,#6 //length of the array
mov dptr,#4000H //starting address of array
movx a,@dptr
mov r1,a
nextbyte: inc dptr
movx a,@dptr
clr c //reset borrow flag
mov r2,a //next number in the array
subb a,r1 //other Num-Prev largest no.
jc skip // JNC FOR SMALLEST ELEMENT
mov a,r2 //update larger number in r1
mov r1,a
skip: djnz r3,nextbyte
mov dptr, #4062H //location of the result-4062h
mov a,r1 //largest number
movx @dptr,a //store at #4062H
end
Output:

d. Write an assembly language program to sort an array of N =____ h bytes

of data in ascending/descending order stored from location 9000h.
(Using bubble sort algorithm)
Let N = 06h
mov r0,#05H //count (N-1) array size = N
loop1: mov dptr, #9000h //array stored from address 9000h
mov r1,#05h //initialize exchange counter
loop2: movx a, @dptr //get number from array and store in B register
mov b, a
inc dptr
movx a, @dptr //next number in the array
clr c //reset borrow flag
mov r2, a //store in R2
subb a, b //2nd-1st No, since no compare instruction in 8051
jnc noexchg // JC - FOR DESCENDING ORDER
mov a,b //exchange the 2 nos in the array
movx @dptr,a
dec dpl //DEC DPTR - instruction not present
mov a,r2
movx @dptr,a
inc dptr
noexchg: djnz r1,loop2 //decrement compare counter
djnz r0,loop1 //decrement pass counter
end
Output:
RESULT
An Assembly language program to transfer data between registers and memory was
executed successfully.
EXP NO:3 ALU OPERATIONS
DATE:
AIM:
To write and execute the ALU program using the Keil simulator.

SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
Keil μvision5 IDE
PROCEDURE
1. Create a new project, go to “Project” and close the current project “Close
Project”.
2. Next Go to the Project New μVision Project and Create New Project
Select Device for Target.
3. Select the device AT89C51ED2 or AT89C51 or AT89C52
4. Add Startup file Next go to “File” and click “New”.
5. Write a program on the editor window and save it with .asm extension.
6. Add this source file to Group and click on “Build Target” or F7.
7. Go to debugging mode to see the result of simulation by clicking Run or step run.

PROGRAM:
a. Write an assembly language program to perform the addition of two 16-bit numbers.
mov r0,#34h //lower nibble of No.1
mov r1,#12h //higher nibble of No.1
mov r2,#0dch //lower nibble of No.2
mov r3,#0feh //higher nibble of No.2
clr c
mov a,r0
add a,r2
mov 22h,a
mov a,r1
addc a,r3
mov 21h,a
mov 00h,c
end
b. Write an assembly language program to perform the subtraction of two 16-bit
numbers.
mov r0,#0dch //lower nibble of No.1
mov r1,#0feh //higher nibble of No.1
mov r2,#34h //lower nibble of No.2
mov r3,#12h //higher nibble of No.2
clr c
mov a,r0
subb a,r2
mov 22h,a
mov a,r1
subb a,r3
mov 21h,a
mov 00h,c
end

Output 1:
Input Values: Output Values:
Output 2:

c. Write an assembly language program to perform the multiplication of two 16-bit

numbers.
mov r0,#34h // 5678*1234
mov r1,#12h
mov r2,#78h
mov r3,#56h
mov a,r0
mov b,r2
mul ab
mov 33h,a
mov r4,b
mov a,r0
mov b,r3
mul ab
add a,r4
mov r5,a
mov a,b
addc a,#00h
mov r6,a
mov a,r1
mov b,r2
mul ab
add a,r5
mov 32h,a
mov a,b
addc a,r6
mov 00h,c
mov r7,a
mov a,r3
mov b,r1
mul ab
add a,r7
mov 31h,a
mov a,b
addc a,20h
mov 30h,a
end
Output 3:

d. Write an assembly language program to find the square of a given number N.

Let N = 05
mov a,#05 // a=N=05
mov b,a
mul ab
mov 30h,a // result is stored in 30h and 31h
mov 31h,b
end
Output 4:
e. Write an assembly language program to find the cube of a given number.
mov r0,#0fh // r0 = given number to find the cube of it.
mov a,r0
mov b,r0
mul ab
mov r1,b
mov b,r0
mul ab
mov 32h,a
mov r2,b
mov a,r1
mov b,r0
mul ab
add a,r2
mov 31h,a
mov a,b
addc a,#00h
mov 30h,a //result is stored in 30h, 31h, 32h
end
Output 5:

RESULT:
The ALU program using the Keil simulator was executed successfully.
EXP NO: 4 WRITE BASIC AND ARITHMETIC PROGRAMS USING
DATE: EMBEDDED C
AIM:

To write a basic embedded C program to

(i) Control a port 0’s pin 0 as a LED and
(ii) Add, subtract, multiply and divide using a Keil simulator.
SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
Keil μvision5 IDE

PROCEDURE

1. Create a new project, go to “Project” and close the current project “Close Project”.

2. Next Go to the Project New μVision Project and Create a New Project Select Device for
the Target.

3. Select the device AT89C51ED2 or AT89C51 or AT89C52

4. Add Startup file Next go to “File” and click “New”.

5. Write a program on the editor window and save it with .asm extension.

6. Add this source file to Group and click on “Build Target” or F7.

7. Go to debugging mode to see the result of the simulation by clicking Run or Step run.

PROGRAM 1:
#include<REG51.h>
int i,j;
sbit LED = P2^0;
void main()
{
while(1)
{
LED = 0;
for(j=0;j<10000;j++);
LED = 1;
for(j=0;j<10000;j++);
}
}
Output:
Before Execution:

After Execution:

Program 2:
#include<reg51.h>
unsigned char a, b;
void main()
{
a=0x10;
b=0x04;
P0=a-b;
P1=a+b;
P2=a*b;
P3=a/b;
while(1);
}
Output:

RESULT:
The basic embedded C program to
(i) Control a port 0’s pin 0 as a LED and
(ii) Add, subtract, multiply and divide using a Keil simulator was successfully
verified.
EXP NO:5 INTRODUCTION TO ARDUINO PLATFORM AND PROGRAMMING
DATE
AIM:
To write and execute different Arduino programming for analog, digital signals and
serial communication.

HARDWARE & SOFTWARE TOOLS REQUIRED:

S.No Hardware & Software Requirements Quantity

1 Arduino IDE 2.0 1
2 Arduino UNO Development Board 1
3 Jumper Wires few

4 Arduino USB Cable 1

5 Joystick Module 1

INTRODUCTION TO ARDUINO:
Arduino is a project, open-source hardware, and software platform used to design and
build electronic devices. It designs and manufactures microcontroller kits and single-board
interfaces for building electronics projects. The Arduino boards were initially created to help
students with a non-technical background. The designs of Arduino boards use a variety of
controllers and microprocessors. Arduino is an easy-to-use open platform for creating
electronic projects. Arduino boards play a vital role in creating different projects. It makes
electronics accessible to non-engineers, hobbyists, etc.

The various components present on the Arduino boards are a Microcontroller, Digital
Input/output pins, USB Interface and Connector, Analog Pins, reset buttons, Power buttons,
LEDs, Crystal oscillators, and Voltage regulators. Some components may differ depending on
the type of board. The most standard and popular board used over time is Arduino UNO. The
ATmega328 Microcontroller present on the UNO board makes it rather powerful than other
boards. There are various types of Arduino boards used for different purposes and projects.
The Arduino Boards are organized using the Arduino (IDE), which can run on various
platforms. Here, IDE stands for Integrated Development Environment. Let's discuss some
common and best Arduino boards.
TYPES OF ARDUINO BOARDS

1) Arduino UNO
Arduino UNO is based on an ATmega328P microcontroller. It is easy to use compared
to other boards, such as the Arduino Mega board, etc. The Arduino UNO includes 6
analog pin inputs, 14 digital pins, a USB connector, a power jack, and an ICSP
(In-Circuit Serial Programming) header. It is the most used and of standard form from
the list of all available Arduino Boards.

2) Arduino Nano

The Arduino Nano is a small Arduino board based on the ATmega328P or ATmega628
Microcontroller. The connectivity is the same as the Arduino UNO board. The Nano
board is defined as a sustainable, small, consistent, and flexible microcontroller board.
It is small in size compared to the UNO board. The devices required to start our
projects using the Arduino Nano board are Arduino IDE and mini- USB. The Arduino
Nano includes an I/O pin set of 14 digital pins and 8 analog pins. It also includes 6
Power pins and 2 Reset pins.

3) Arduino Mega

The Arduino Mega is based on the ATmega2560 Microcontroller. The ATmega2560 is

an 8-bit microcontroller. We need a simple USB cable to connect to the computer and
the AC to DC adapter or battery to get started with it. It has the advantage of working
with more memory space. The Arduino Mega includes 54 I/O digital pins and 16
 Analog Input/Output (I/O), ICSP header, a reset button, 4 UART (Universal
Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter) ports, USB connection, and a power jack.

4) Arduino Micro
The Arduino Micro is based on the ATmega32U4 Microcontroller. It consists of 20 sets
of pins. The 7 pins from the set are PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) pins, while 12 pins
are analog input pins. The other components on board are a reset button, a 16MHz
crystal oscillator, an ICSP header, and a micro-USB connection. The USB is built in the
Arduino Micro board.

5) Arduino Leonardo

The basic specification of the Arduino Leonardo is the same as the Arduino Micro. It is
also based on the ATmega32U4 Microcontroller. The components present on the board
are 20 analog and digital pins, a reset button, a 16MHz crystal oscillator, an ICSP
header, and a micro USB connection.
6) Arduino Due

The Arduino Due is based on the 32-bit ARM core. It is the first Arduino board that
has been developed based on the ARM Microcontroller. It consists of 54 Digital Input/Output
pins and 12 Analog pins. The Microcontroller present on the board is the Atmel SAM3X8E
ARM Cortex-M3 CPU. It has two ports, namely, a native USB port and a Programming port.
The micro side of the USB cable should be attached to the programming port.

7) Arduino Lilypad

The Arduino LilyPad was initially created for wearable projects and e-textiles. It is
based on the ATmega168 Microcontroller. The functionality of Lilypad is the same as
other Arduino Boards. It is a round, lightweight board with a minimal number of
components to keep the size of the board small. The Arduino Lilypad board was
designed by Sparkfun and Leah. It was developed by Leah Buechley. It has 9 digital I/O
pins.

8) Arduino Bluetooth

The Arduino Bluetooth board is based on the ATmega168 Microcontroller. It is also

named as Arduino BT board. The components present on the board are 16 digital pins,
6 analog pins, reset button, 16MHz crystal oscillator, ICSP header, and screw terminals.
The screw terminals are used for power. The Arduino Bluetooth Microcontroller board
can be programmed over the Bluetooth as a wireless connection.
9) Arduino Diecimila

The Arduino Diecimila is also based on the ATmeg628 Microcontroller. The board
consists of 6 analog pin inputs, 14 digital Input/Output pins, a USB connector, a power
jack, an ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming) header, and a reset button. We can
connect the board to the computer using the USB and can power on the board with the
help of an AC to DC adapter. The Diecimila was initially developed to mark the 10000
delivered boards of Arduino. Here, Diecimila means 10,000 in Italian.

10) Arduino Robot

The Arduino Robot is called the tiny computer. It is widely used in robotics. The board
comprises the speaker, five-button, color screen, two motors, an SD card reader, a
digital compass, two potentiometers, and five floor sensors. The Robot Library can be
used to control the actuators and the sensors.
 11) Arduino Ethernet

The Arduino Ethernet is based on the ATmega328 Microcontroller. The board consists
of 6 analog pins, 14 digital I/O pins, crystal oscillator, reset button, ICSP header, a
power jack, and an RJ45 connection. With the help of the Ethernet shield, we can
connect our Arduino board to the internet.

12) Arduino Zero

The Arduino Zero is generally called as the 32-bit extension of the Arduino UNO. It is
based on ATmel's SAM21 MCU. The board consists of 6 analog pin inputs, 14 digital
Input/Output pins, a USB connector, a power jack, and an ICSP (In-Circuit Serial
Programming) header, UART port pins, a power header, and AREF button. The
Embedded debugger of Atmel is also supported by the Arduino Zero. The function of
Debugger is to provide a full debug interface, which does not require additional
hardware.

13) Arduino Esplora

The Arduino Esplora boards allow easy interfacing of sensors and actuators. The
outputs and inputs connected on the Esplora board make it unique from other types of
Arduino boards. The board includes outputs, inputs, a small microcontroller, a
microphone, a sensor, a joystick, an accelerometer, a temperature sensor, four buttons,
and a slider.

14) Arduino Pro Micro

The structure of Arduino Pro Micro is similar to the Arduino Mini board, except the
Microcontroller ATmega32U4. The board consists of 12 digital Input/output pins, 5
PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) pins, Tx and Rx serial connections, and 10-bit ADC
(Analog to Digital Converter).

INTRODUCTION TO ARDUINO UNO:

The Arduino UNO is a standard board of Arduino. Here UNO means 'one' in
Italian. It was named UNO to label the first release of Arduino Software. It was also the
first USB board released by Arduino. It is considered a powerful board used in various
projects. Arduino. cc developed the Arduino UNO board. Arduino UNO is based on an
ATmega328P microcontroller. It is easy to use compared to other boards, such as the
Arduino Mega board, etc. The board consists of digital and analog Input/Output pins
(I/O), shields, and other circuits. The Arduino UNO includes 6 analog pin inputs, 14
digital pins, a USB connector, a power jack, and an ICSP (In-Circuit Serial
Programming) header. It is programmed based on IDE, which stands for Integrated
Development Environment. It can run on both online and offline platforms. The IDE is
common to all available boards of Arduino.
Let's discuss each component in detail.
o ATmega328 Microcontroller- It is a single-chip Microcontroller of the
ATmel family. The processor code inside it is 8-bit. It combines Memory
(SRAM, EEPROM, and Flash), Analog to Digital Converter, SPI serial
ports, I/O lines, registers, timers, external and internal interrupts, and
oscillator.
o ICSP pin - The In-Circuit Serial Programming pin allows the user to
program using the firmware of the Arduino board.
o Power LED Indicator- The ON status of the LED shows the power is
activated. When the power is OFF, the LED will not light up.
o Digital I/O pins- The digital pins have the value HIGH or LOW. The pins
numbered from D0 to D13 are digital pins.
o TX and RX LED's- The successful flow of data is represented by the lighting
of these LED's.
o AREF- The Analog Reference (AREF) pin is used to feed a reference
voltage to the Arduino UNO board from the external power supply.
o Reset button- It is used to add a Reset button to the connection.
o USB- It allows the board to connect to the computer. It is essential for the
programming of the Arduino UNO board.
o Crystal Oscillator- The Crystal oscillator has a frequency of 16MHz,
which makes the Arduino UNO a powerful board.
o Voltage Regulator- The voltage regulator converts the input voltage to 5V.
o GND- Ground pins. The ground pin acts as a pin with zero voltage.
o Vin- It is the input voltage.
 o Analog Pins- The pins numbered from A0 to A5 are analog pins. The
function of Analog pins is to read the analog sensor used in the connection.
It can also act as a GPIO (General Purpose Input Output) pin.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF ARDUINO UNO
The technical specifications of the Arduino UNO are listed below:
o There are 20 Input/Output pins present on the Arduino UNO board. These
20 pins include 6 PWM pins, 6 analog pins, and 8 digital I/O pins.
o The PWM pins are Pulse Width Modulation capable.
o The crystal oscillator present in Arduino UNO comes with a frequency of
16MHz.
o It also has an Arduino-integrated WIFI module. Such an Arduino UNO
board is based on the Integrated WIFI ESP8266 Module and ATmega328P
microcontroller.
o The input voltage of the UNO board varies from 7V to 20V.
o Arduino UNO automatically draws power from the external power supply.
It can also draw power from the USB.
ARDUINO UNO PINOUT
The Arduino UNO is a standard board of Arduino, which
is based on an ATmega328P microcontroller. It is easier to use than other types of
Arduino Boards.
The Arduino UNO Board, with the specification of pins, is shown below:
Let's discuss each pin in detail.

ATmega328 Microcontroller- It is a single chip Microcontroller of the ATmel family.

The processor core inside it is 8-bit. It is a low-cost, low powered, and a simple
microcontroller. The Arduino UNO and Nano models are based on the ATmega328
Microcontroller.
Voltage Regulator: The voltage regulator converts the input voltage to 5V. The
primary function of a voltage regulator is to regulate the voltage level in the Arduino
board. For any changes in the input voltage of the regulator, the output voltage is
constant and steady.

GND - Ground pins. The ground pins are used to ground the circuit.

TXD and RXD: TXD and RXD pins are used for serial communication. The TXD is
used for transmitting the data, and RXD is used for receiving the data. It also represents
the successful flow of data.

USB Interface: The USB Interface is used to plug-in the USB cable. It allows the
board to connect to the computer. It is essential for the programming of the Arduino
UNO board.

RESET: It is used to add a Reset button to the connection.

SCK: It stands for Serial Clock. These are the clock pulses, which are used to
synchronize the transmission of data.
MISO: It stands for Master Input/ Slave Output. The save line in the MISO pin is
used to send the data to the master.
VCC: It is the modulated DC supply voltage, which is used to regulate the IC's used in
the connection. It is also called as the primary voltage for IC's present on the Arduino
board. The Vcc voltage value can be negative or positive with respect to the GND pin.
Crystal Oscillator- The Crystal oscillator has a frequency of 16MHz, which makes the
Arduino UNO a powerful board.
ICSP: It stands for In-Circuit Serial Programming. The users can program the
Arduino board's firmware using the ICSP pins. The program or firmware with the
advanced functionalities is received by the microcontroller with the help of the ICSP
header. The ICSP header consists of 6 pins.

The structure of the ICSP header is shown below:

 SDA: It stands for Serial Data. It is a line used by the slave and master to send and receive
data. It is called a data line, while SCL is called a clock line.

SCL: It stands for Serial Clock. It is defined as the line that carries the clock data. It is
used to synchronize the transfer of data between the two devices. The Serial Clock is
generated by the device and it is called the master.
SPI: It stands for Serial Peripheral Interface. It is popularly used by the
microcontrollers to communicate with one or more peripheral devices quickly. It uses
conductors for data receiving, data sending, synchronization, and device selection (for
communication).

MOSI: It stands for Master Output/ Slave Input. The MOSI and SCK are driven by the
Master.

SS: It stands for Slave Select. It is the Slave Select line, which is used by the master. It
acts as the enable line. I2C: It is the two-wire serial communication protocol. It stands
for Inter Integrated Circuits. The I2C is a serial communication protocol that uses SCL
(Serial Clock) and SDA (Serial Data) to receive and send data between two devices.

INTRODUCTION TO ARDUINO IDE 2.0:

The Arduino IDE 2.0 is an open-source project, currently in its beta-phase. It is a big
step from it's sturdy predecessor, Arduino IDE 2.0, and comes with revamped UI, improved
board & library manager, autocomplete feature and much more.

In this tutorial, we will go through step by step, how to download and install the software.

Download the editor

Downloading the Arduino IDE 2.0 is done through the Arduino Software page. Here
you will also find information on the other editors available to use.
 Requirements
· Windows - Win 10 and newer, 64 bits
· Linux - 64 bits
· Mac OS X - Version 10.14: "Mojave" or newer, 64 bits

To insInstallation Windows

Download URL: https://www.arduino.cc/en/software

Install the Arduino IDE 2.0 on a Windows computer, simply run the file downloaded from
the software page.

Follow the instructions in the installation guide. The installation may take several minutes.

You can now use the Arduino IDE 2.0 on your windows computer!
How to use the board manager with the Arduino IDE 2.0

The board manager is a great tool for installing the necessary cores to use your Arduino
boards. In this quick tutorial, we will take a look at how to install one, and choosing the
right core for your board!
Requirements
Arduino IDE 2.0 installed.
Why use the board manager?
The board manager is a tool that is used to install different cores on your local computer.
So what is a core, and why is it necessary that I install one?

Simply explained, a core is written and designed for specific microcontrollers. As Arduino
have several different types of boards, they also have different type of microcontrollers.

For example, an Arduino UNO has an ATmega328P, which uses the AVR core, while an
Arduino Nano 33 IoT has a SAMD21 microcontroller, where we need to use the SAMD
core.
In conclusion, to use a specific board, we need to install a specific core.

Installing a core

Installing a core is quick and easy, but let's take a look at what we need to do.

1. Open the Arduino IDE 2.0.

2. With the editor open, let's take a look at the left column. Here, we can see
a couple of icons. Let's click on the "computer chip" icon.

3. A list will now appear of all available cores. Now let's say we are using an
Nano 33 IoT board, and we want to install the core. Simply enter the name
in the search field, and the right core (SAMD) will appear, where the Nano
33 IoT features in the description. Click on the "INSTALL" button.
4. This will begin an installation process, which in some cases may take several
minutes.

5. When it is finished, we can take a look at the core in the board's manager
column, where it should say "INSTALLED".
PROCEDURE:
● Connect the IR sensor, LED, and buzzer to the Arduino Uno as described above.
● Open the Arduino IDE on your computer
● Copy and paste the provided Arduino code into the Arduino IDE.
● Make sure your Arduino Uno board is selected under the "Tools" menu.
● Upload the code to your Arduino board by clicking the "Upload" button.
● Open the Serial Monitor (Tools -> Serial Monitor) to view the sensor readings.
PROGRAM:
CONNECTION:

Arduino UNO Pin Arduino Development Board

2 LED

DIGITAL WRITE:
void setup()
{
pinMode(2, OUTPUT);
}
void loop()
{
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
delay(1000);
}
CONNECTION:

Arduino UNO Pin Arduino Development Board

2 LED
5 S1 (SW 1)

DIGITAL READ:
void setup()
{
pinMode(2, OUTPUT);
pinMode(5, INPUT_PULLUP);
}
void loop()
{
int sw=digitalRead(5);
if(sw==1)
{
for(int i=0; i<5; i++)
{
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
delay(1000);
}
}
else
{
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
}
}
CONNECTION:

Arduino UNO Pin Arduino Development Board Joystick Module

2 LED
VCC or 5V +5V
GND GND
A0 VRx or VRy

ANALOG READ:
void setup()
{
pinMode(2, OUTPUT);
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop()
{
int joystick=analogRead(A0);
Serial.println(joystick);
if(joystick>800)
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
else
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
delay(500);
}
CONNECTION:

Arduino UNO Pin Arduino Development Board

3 LED

PWM Pins: 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11

ANALOG WRITE:
void setup()
{
pinMode(3, OUTPUT);
}
void loop()
{
for(int i=0; i<256;i++)
{
analogWrite(3,i);
delay(20);
}
for(int i=255; i>=0;i--)
{
analogWrite(3,i);
delay(20);
}
}

CONNECTION:

Arduino UNO Pin Arduino Development Board

4 LED
SERIAL COMMUNICATION:
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(4, OUTPUT);
}
void loop()
{
if(Serial.available()>0)
{
char data=Serial.read();
Serial.println(data);
if(data=='1')
{
digitalWrite(4,HIGH);
}
else if(data=='2')
{
digitalWrite(4,LOW);
}
}
}

RESULT:

The study and execution of different Arduino programming for analog, digital signals
and serial communication was verified successfully.
EXP NO:6 EXPLORE DIFFERENT COMMUNICATION METHODS WITH IOT
DATE: DEVICES (ZIGBEE, GSM, BLUETOOTH)

AIM:
To explore different communication methods with IoT devices (Zigbee, GSM,
Bluetooth).
DIFFERENT COMMUNICATION METHODS:

IoT devices require reliable and efficient communication methods to transmit data and
interact with other devices or systems. Here are three commonly used communication
methods for IoT devices:
Zigbee:

Zigbee is a low-power wireless communication protocol designed for

short-range communication between devices. It operates on the 2.4 GHz frequency
band and supports mesh networking, allowing devices to communicate with each other
through intermediate nodes. Zigbee is commonly used in home automation, industrial
control, and smart energy applications.
GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications):

GSM is a widely used cellular network technology that enables IoT devices to
connect to the internet using SIM cards. It operates on various frequency bands and
provides wide coverage, making it suitable for applications that require long-range
communication. GSM is commonly used in applications such as asset tracking, remote
monitoring, and smart cities.
Bluetooth:

Bluetooth is a short-range wireless communication technology that operates on

the 2.4 GHz frequency band. It is commonly used for connecting IoT devices to
smartphones, tablets, and other nearby devices. Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is a
power-efficient version of Bluetooth that is ideal for battery-powered IoT devices.
Bluetooth is widely used in applications such as wearable devices, healthcare
monitoring, and home automation.

Each communication method has its advantages and limitations, and the choice
depends on the specific requirements of the IoT application. Factors to consider include
range, power consumption, data rate, security, and interoperability with other devices or
systems.
6A. To write a C program to communicate between IOT Nodes using a Bluetooth
Module and Arduino UNO board..
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
● Arduino Uno board,
● Bluetooth module(HC-05) ,
● Breadboard and wires.
SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
Arduino IDE software
PROCEDURE:
● Connect the VCC pin of the Bluetooth module to the 5V pin on the Arduino Uno
● Connect the GND pin of the Bluetooth module to the GND pin on Arduino.
● Connect the TX pin of the Bluetooth module to the RX pin on Arduino.
● Connect the RX pin of the Bluetooth module to the TX pin on Arduino.
● Open the Arduino IDE and go to "Sketch" -> "Include Library" -> "Manage
Libraries..."
● Search for "SoftwareSerial" and install it if your module requires it
● Power on the Arduino Uno. Set your Bluetooth module in pairing mode (consult the
module's documentation for instructions).
● Pair your computer or mobile device with the Bluetooth module.
● Send commands from your computer or mobile device to the Bluetooth module to
control the connected IoT devices.

CONNECTION DIAGRAM:
PROGRAM:

char data = 0;
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
}
void loop()
{
if(Serial.available() > 0)
{
data = Serial.read();
Serial.print(data);
Serial.print("\n");
if(data == '1')
digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
else if(data == '0')
digitalWrite(13, LOW);
}
}
OUTPUT: 1: BLUETOOTH MODULE IN ARDUINO UNO

RESULT :
Thus, the C program was executed and the output was verified for communication
between IOT Node using a Bluetooth Module and Arduino UNO board.
6B: To write a program to control an LED using a Zigbee module.
HARDWARE & SOFTWARE TOOLS REQUIRED:
1. Arduino IDE 2.0 1
2. Arduino UNO Development Board 2
3. Jumper Wires few
4. Arduino USB Cable 2
5. Zigbee Module 2
CONNECTIONS:
TRANSMITTER:
Arduino UNO Pin - Zigbee Module
VCC 5V
GND G
2 Tx
3 Rx

PROGRAM:
TRANSMITTER SIDE:
#include<SoftwareSerial.h>
SoftwareSerial mySerial(2,3); //rx,tx
void setup()
{
mySerial.begin(9600);
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop()
{
mySerial.write('A');
Serial.println('A');
delay(100);
mySerial.write('B');
Serial.println('B');
delay(100);
}
CONNECTIONS:
RECEIVER:

Arduino UNO Zigbee Arduino Development

Pin Module Board
- 5V 5V
- G GND
2 Tx -
3 Rx -
4 - LED1

RECEIVER SIDE:
#include<SoftwareSerial.h>
SoftwareSerial mySerial(2,3); //rx,tx
void setup()
{
mySerial.begin(9600);
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(4, OUTPUT);
}
void loop()
{
if(mySerial.available()>0)
{
char data=mySerial.read();
Serial.println(data);
if(data=='A')
digitalWrite(4,HIGH);
else if(data=='B')
digitalWrite(4,LOW);
}
}
 OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, the program to control LED using the Zigbee Module was executed
successfully.
EXP NO:7 INTRODUCTION TO THE RASPBERRY PI PLATFORM AND
DATE: PYTHON PROGRAMMING
AIM:
To write a python program to control LED using Raspberry Pi pico.
Introduction to Raspberry Pi Pico W:
The Raspberry Pi Pico W is a compact and affordable microcontroller board
developed by the Raspberry Pi Foundation. Building upon the success of the Raspberry Pi
Pico, the Pico W variant brings wireless connectivity to the table, making it an even more
versatile platform for embedded projects. In this article, we will provide a comprehensive
overview of the Raspberry Pi Pico W, highlighting its key features and capabilities.
Features:
• RP2040 microcontroller with 2MB of flash memory
• On-board single-band 2.4GHz wireless interfaces (802.11n)
• Micro USB B port for power and data (and for reprogramming the flash)
• 40 pins 21mmx51mm ‘DIP’ style 1 mm thick PCB with 0.1′′ through-hole pins
also with edge castellations
• Exposes 26 multi-function 3.3V general purpose I/O (GPIO)
• 23 GPIO are digital-only, with three also being ADC-capable
• Can be surface mounted as a module
• 3-pin ARM serial wire debug (SWD) port
• Simple yet highly flexible power supply architecture
• Various options for easily powering the unit from micro-USB, external supplies, or
batteries
• High quality, low cost, high availability
• Comprehensive SDK, software examples, and documentation
• Dual-core Cortex M0+ at up to 133MHz
• On-chip PLL allows variable core frequency
• 264kByte multi-bank high-performance SRAM
Raspberry Pi Pico W:
The Raspberry Pi Pico W is based on the RP2040 microcontroller, which was
designed by Raspberry Pi in-house. It combines a powerful ARM Cortex-M0+ processor
with built-in Wi-Fi connectivity, opening up a range of possibilities for IoT projects, remote
monitoring, and wireless communication. The Pico W retains the same form factor as the
original Pico, making it compatible with existing Pico accessories and add-ons.
RP2040 Microcontroller:

At the core of the Raspberry Pi Pico W is the RP2040 microcontroller. It features a

dual-core ARM Cortex-M0+ processor running at 133MHz, providing ample
processing power for a wide range of applications. The microcontroller also includes
264KB of SRAM, which is essential for storing and manipulating data during runtime.
Additionally, the RP2040 incorporates 2MB of onboard flash memory for program
storage, ensuring sufficient space for your code and firmware.
Wireless Connectivity:

The standout feature of the Raspberry Pi Pico W is its built-in wireless

connectivity. It includes an onboard Cypress CYW43455 Wi-Fi chip, which supports
dual-band (2.4GHz and 5GHz) Wi-Fi 802.11b/g/n/ac. This allows the Pico W to
seamlessly connect to wireless networks, communicate with other devices, and access
online services. The wireless capability opens up new avenues for IoT projects, remote
monitoring and control, and real-time data exchange.

GPIO and Peripherals:

Similar to the Raspberry Pi Pico, the Pico W offers a generous number of GPIO pins,
providing flexibility for interfacing with external components and peripherals. It
features 26 GPIO pins, of which 3 are analog inputs, and supports various protocols
such as UART, SPI, I2C, and PWM. The Pico W also includes onboard LED indicators
and a micro-USB port for power and data connectivity.

MicroPython and C/C++ Programming:

The Raspberry Pi Pico W can be programmed using MicroPython, a

beginner-friendly programming language that allows for rapid prototyping and
development. MicroPython provides a simplified syntax and high-level abstractions,
making it easy for newcomers to get started. Additionally, the Pico W is compatible
with C/C++ programming, allowing experienced developers to leverage the rich
ecosystem of libraries and frameworks available.

Programmable Input/Output (PIO) State Machines:

One of the unique features of the RP2040 microcontroller is the inclusion of

Programmable Input/Output (PIO) state machines. These state machines provide
additional processing power and flexibility for handling real-time data and
timing-critical applications. The PIO state machines can be programmed to interface
with custom protocols, generate precise waveforms, and offload tasks from the main
processor, enhancing the overall performance of the system.

Open-Source and Community Support

As with all Raspberry Pi products, the Pico W benefits from the vibrant and
supportive Raspberry Pi community. Raspberry Pi provides extensive documentation,
including datasheets, pinout diagrams, and programming guides, to assist developers in
understanding the board’s capabilities. The community offers forums, online tutorials,
and project repositories, allowing users to seek help, share knowledge, and collaborate
on innovative projects.

The Raspberry Pi Pico W brings wireless connectivity to the popular Raspberry Pi Pico
microcontroller board. With its powerful RP2040 microcontroller, built-in Wi-Fi chip,
extensive GPIO capabilities, and compatibility with MicroPython and C/C++
programming, the Pico W offers a versatile and affordable platform for a wide range of
embedded projects. Whether you are a beginner or an experienced developer, the
Raspberry Pi Pico W provides a user-friendly and flexible platform to bring your ideas
to life and explore the exciting world of wireless IoT applications.

Getting Started with Thonny MicroPython (Python) IDE:

If you want to program your ESP32 and ESP8266 with MicroPython firmware, it’s
very handy to use an IDE. you’ll have your first LED blinking using MicroPython and
Thonny IDE.

What is MicroPython?

MicroPython is a Python 3 programming language re-implementation targeted for

microcontrollers and embedded systems. MicroPython is very similar to regular
Python. Apart from a few exceptions, the language features of Python are also available
in MicroPython. The most significant difference between Python and MicroPython is
that MicroPython was designed to work under constrained conditions.
Because of that, MicroPython does not come with the entire pack of standard libraries.
It only includes a small subset of the Python standard libraries, but it includes modules
to easily control and interact with the GPIOs, use Wi-Fi, and other communication
protocols.

Thonny IDE:

Thonny is an open-source IDE which is used to write and upload MicroPython

programs to different development boards such as Raspberry Pi Pico, ESP32, and
ESP8266. It is an extremely interactive and easy to learn IDE as it is known as the
beginner-friendly IDE for new programmers. With the help of Thonny, it becomes very
easy to code in Micropython as it has a built-in debugger that helps to find any error in
the program by debugging the script line by line.

You can realize the popularity of Thonny IDE from this that it comes pre-installed in
Raspian OS which is an operating system for a Raspberry Pi. It is available to install
on r Windows, Linux, and Mac OS.
A) Installing Thonny IDE – Windows PC

Thonny IDE comes installed by default on Raspbian OS that is used with the
Raspberry Pi board. To install Thonny on your Windows PC, follow the next
instructions:
1. Go to https://thonny.org

2. Download the version for Windows and wait a few seconds while it downloads.

3. Run the .exe file.

4. Follow the installation wizard to complete the installation process. You just need to click
“Next”.

5. After completing the installation, open Thonny IDE. A window as shown in the
following figure should open.

CONNECTIONS:

Raspberry Pi Pico Pin Raspberry Pi Pico Development Board

GP16 LED

PROGRAM
LED:
from machine import Pin
import time
LED = Pin(16, Pin.OUT)
while True:
LED.value(1)
time.sleep(1)
LED.value(0)
time.sleep(1)
CONNECTIONS:

Raspberry Pi Pico Raspberry Pi Pico

Pin Development Board
(RGB)
GP16 R
GP17 G
GP18 B
GND COM
RGB:
from machine import Pin
from time import sleep_ms,sleep
r=Pin(16,Pin.OUT)
y=Pin(17,Pin.OUT)
g=Pin(18,Pin.OUT)
while True:
r.value(1)
sleep_ms(1000)
r.value(0)
sleep_ms(1000)
y.value(1)
sleep(1)
y.value(0)
sleep(1)
g.value(1)
sleep(1)
g.value(0)
sleep(1)

CONNECTIONS:
 Raspberry Pi Pico Raspberry Pi Pico
Pin Development Board
GP16 LED
GP15 SW1

SWITCH CONTROLLED LED:

from machine import Pin
from time import sleep
led=Pin(16,Pin.OUT)
sw=Pin(15,Pin.IN)
while True:
bt=sw.value()
if bt== True:
print("LED ON")
led.value(1)
sleep(2)
led.value (0)
sleep(2)
led.value (1)
sleep(2)
led.value(0)
sleep(2)
else:
print("LED OFF")
sleep(0.5)

RESULT:

The execution of LED control using python programming with RaspberryPi Pico was
verified.

EXP NO:8 INTERFACING SENSORS WITH RASPBERRY PI

DATE:
AIM:
To interface the IR sensor and Ultrasonic sensor with Raspberry Pico.

HARDWARE & SOFTWARE TOOLS REQUIRED:

S.No Hardware & Software Requirements Quantity

1 Thonny IDE 1

2 Raspberry Pi Pico Development Board 1

3 Jumper Wires few

4 Micro USB Cable 1

5 IR Sensor 1

6 Ultrasonic sensor 1

CONNECTIONS:

Raspberry Pi Pico Raspberry Pi Pico

IR Sensor Module
Pin Development Board
GP16 BUZZER -
GP15 - OUT
- 5V VCC
- GND GND

PROGRAM:
IR Sensor:
from machine import Pin
from time import sleep
buzzer=Pin(16,Pin.OUT)
ir=Pin(15,Pin.IN)
while True:
ir_value=ir.value()
if ir_value== True:
print("Buzzer OFF")
buzzer.value(0)
else:
print("Buzzer ON")
buzzer.value (1)
sleep(0.5)
CONNECTIONS:

Raspberry Pi Pico Raspberry Pi Pico

Ultrasonic Sensor Module
Pin Development Board
GP16 BUZZER -
GP15 - ECHO
GP14 - TRIG
- 5V VCC
- GND GND

ULTRASONIC SENSOR:
from machine import Pin
PWM import utime
trigger = Pin(14, Pin.OUT)
echo = Pin(15, Pin.IN)
buzzer = Pin(16, Pin.OUT)

def measure_distance():
trigger.low()
utime.sleep_us(2)
trigger.high()
utime.sleep_us(5)
trigger.low()
while echo.value() == 0:
signaloff = utime.ticks_us()
while echo.value() == 1:
signalon = utime.ticks_us()
timepassed = signalon - signaloff
distance = (timepassed * 0.0343) / 2 return distance
while True:
dist = measure_distance()
print(f"Distance : {dist} cm")
if dist <= 10:
buzzer.value(1)
utime.sleep(0.01)
else:
buzzer.value(0)
utime.sleep(0.01)
utime.sleep(0.5)
RESULT:
The interface of the IR sensor and Ultrasonic sensor with Raspberry Pico was
verified.

EXP NO:9 COMMUNICATE BETWEEN ARDUINO AND RASPBERRY PI

DATE: USING WIRELESS MODEM
AIM:
To write and execute the program to Communicate between Arduino and Raspberry
PI using any wireless medium (Bluetooth)

HARDWARE & SOFTWARE TOOLS REQUIRED:

S.No Hardware & Software Requirements Quantity

1 Thonny IDE 1
2 Raspberry Pi Pico Development Board 1
3 Arduino Uno Development Board 1
4 Jumper Wires few
5 Micro USB Cable 1
6 Bluetooth Module 2

CONNECTIONS:

Arduino UNO Pin Arduino Development Board Bluetooth Module

2 - Tx
3 - Rx
- GND GND
- 5V 5V

PROGRAM:

MASTER ARDUINO:
#include<SoftwareSerial.h>
SoftwareSerial mySerial(2,3); //rx,tx
void setup()
{
mySerial.begin(9600);
}
void loop()
{
mySerial.write('A');
delay(1000);
mySerial.write('B');
delay(1000);
}

CONNECTIONS:
 Raspberry Pi Pico Raspberry Pi Pico
Bluetooth Module
Pin Development Board
GP16 LED -
VCC - +5V
GND - GND
GP1 - Tx
GP0 - Rx

SLAVE
RASPBERRY PI PICO
from machine import Pin
UART uart = UART(0, 9600)
led = Pin(16, Pin.OUT)
while True:
if uart.any() > 0:
data = uart.read()
print(data)
if "A" in data:
led.value(1)
print('LED on \n')
uart.write('LED on \n')
elif "B" in data:
led.value(0)
print('LED off \n')
uart.write('LED off \n')

RESULT:
The execution of the program to Communicate between Arduino and Raspberry PI
using any wireless medium (Bluetooth) was verified.

EXP NO:10 SETUP A CLOUD PLATFORM TO LOG THE DATA

DATE:

AIM:
To set up a cloud platform to log the data from IoT devices.

HARDWARE & SOFTWARE TOOLS REQUIRED:

S.No. Software Requirements Quantity

1 Blynk Platform 1

CLOUD PLATFORM-BLYNK:

Blynk is a smart platform that allows users to create their Internet of Things
applications without the need for coding or electronics knowledge. It is based on the
idea of physical programming & provides a platform to create and control devices
where users can connect physical devices to the Internet and control them using a
mobile app.

Setting up Blynk 2.0 Application

To control the LED using Blynk and Raspberry Pi Pico W, you need to create a Blynk
project and set up a dashboard in the mobile or web application. Here’s how you can set up
the dashboard:

Step 1: Visit blynk.cloud and create a Blynk account on the Blynk website. Or you can
simply sign in using the registered Email ID.

Step 2: Click on +New Template.

Step 3: Give any name to the Template such as Raspberry Pi Pico W. Select ‘Hardware
Type’ as Other and ‘Connection Type’ as WiFi.

So a template will be created now.

Step 4: Now we need to add a ‘New Device’ now.

Select a New Device from ‘Template’.

Select the device from a template that you created earlier and also give any name to the
device. Click on Create.
A new device will be created. You will find the Blynk Authentication Token Here. Copy it
as it is necessary for the code.

Step 5: Now go to the dashboard and select ‘Web Dashboard’.

From the widget box drag a switch and place it on the dashboard screen.
Step 6: On the switch board click on Settings and here you need to set up the Switch. Give
any title to it and Create Datastream as Virtual Pin.

Configure the switch settings as per the image below and click on create.

Configure the final steps again.

 With this Blynk dashboard set up, you can now proceed to program the Raspberry Pi
Pico W board to control the LED.

Step 7: To control the LED with a mobile App or Mobile Dashboard, you also need to set up
the Mobile Phone Dashboard. The process is similarly explained above.

Install the Blynk app on your smartphone. The Blynk app is available for iOS and
Android. Download and install the app on your smartphone. then need to set up both
the Mobile App and the Mobile Dashboard in order to control the LED with a mobile
device. The process is explained above.
 1. Open Google Play Store App on an android phone
2. Open Blynk.App
3. Log In to your account (using the same email and password)
4. Switch to Developer Mode
5. Find the “Raspberry Pi Pico Pico W” template we created on the web and tap on it
6. Tap on the “Raspberry Pi Pico Pico W” template (this template automatically comes
because we created it on our dashboard).
7. Tap on plus icon on the left-right side of the window
8. Add one button Switch
9. Now We Successfully Created an android template
10. it will work similarly to a web dashboard template

RESULT:

The cloud platform set up to log the data from IoT devices was verified.
EXP NO: 11 Log Data using Raspberry PI and upload it to the
DATE: Cloud Platform

AIM:
To write and execute the program Log Data using Raspberry PI and upload it to the
cloud platform

HARDWARE & SOFTWARE TOOLS REQUIRED:

S.No Hardware & Software Requirements Quantity

1 Thonny IDE 1
2 Raspberry Pi Pico Development Board few

3 Jumper Wires 1

4 Micro USB Cable 1

CONNECTIONS:

Raspberry Pi Raspberry Pi Pico

LCD Module
Pico Pin Development Board
- 5V VCC
- GND GND
GP0 - SDA
GP1 - SCL

PROGRAM:

from machine import Pin, I2C, ADC

from utime import sleep_ms
from pico_i2c_lcd import I2cLcd
import time
import network
import BlynkLib

adc = machine.ADC(4)
i2c=I2C(0, sda=Pin(0), scl=Pin(1), freq=400000)
I2C_ADDR=i2c.scan()[0]
lcd=I2cLcd(i2c,I2C_ADDR,2,16)

wlan = network.WLAN()
wlan.active(True)
wlan.connect("Wifi_Username","Wifi_Password")

BLYNK_AUTH = 'Your_Token'
# connect the network wait = 10
while wait > 0:
if wlan.status() < 0 or wlan.status() >= 3:
break
wait -= 1
print('waiting for connection...')
time.sleep(1)

# Handle connection error

if wlan.status() != 3:
raise RuntimeError('network connection failed')
else:
print('connected') ip=wlan.ifconfig()[0]
print('IP: ', ip)

"Connection to Blynk" # Initialize Blynk

blynk = BlynkLib.Blynk(BLYNK_AUTH)

lcd.clear()
while True:
ADC_voltage = adc.read_u16() * (3.3 / (65536))

temperature_celcius = 27 - (ADC_voltage - 0.706)/0.001721

temp_fahrenheit=32+(1.8*temperature_celcius)
print("Temperature in C: {}".format(temperature_celcius))
print("Temperature in F: {}".format(temp_fahrenheit))

lcd.move_to(0,0)
lcd.putstr("Temp:")
lcd.putstr(str(round(temperature_celcius,2)))
lcd.putstr("C ")
lcd.move_to(0,1)
lcd.putstr("Temp:")
lcd.putstr(str(round(temp_fahrenheit,2)))
lcd.putstr("F")
time.sleep(5)

blynk.virtual_write(3, temperature_celcius)
blynk.virtual_write(4, temp_fahrenheit)
blynk.log_event(temperature_celcius)

blynk.run()
time.sleep(5)
RESULT:
The execution of the program to Log Data using Raspberry PI and upload it to the
cloud platform was verified.
EXP NO:12 DESIGN AN IOT-BASED SYSTEM
DATE:

AIM:
To design a Smart Home Automation IOT-based system

HARDWARE & SOFTWARE TOOLS REQUIRED:

S.No Hardware & Software Requirements Quantity

1 Thonny IDE 1
2 Raspberry Pi Pico Development Board few
3 Jumper Wires 1

4 Micro USB Cable 1

5 LED or Relay 1

PROCEDURE:

CONNECTIONS:

Raspberry Pi Pico Raspberry Pi Pico

Pin Development Board
GP16 LED 1

PROGRAM:

import time
import network
import BlynkLib
from machine import Pin led=Pin(16, Pin.OUT)

wlan = network.WLAN()
wlan.active(True)
wlan.connect("Wifi_Username","Wifi_Password")
BLYNK_AUTH = 'Your_Token'

# connect the network wait = 10

while wait > 0:
if wlan.status() < 0 or wlan.status() >= 3:
break
 wait -= 1
print('waiting for connection...')
time.sleep(1)

# Handle connection error

if wlan.status() != 3:
raise RuntimeError('network connection failed')
else:
print('connected')
ip=wlan.ifconfig()[0]
print('IP: ', ip)

"Connection to Blynk"
# Initialize Blynk
blynk = BlynkLib.Blynk(BLYNK_AUTH)

# Register virtual pin handler

@blynk.on("V0") #virtual pin V0
def v0_write_handler(value): #read the value
if int(value[0]) == 1:
led.value(1) #turn the led on
else:
led.value(0) #turn the led off
while True:
blynk.run()
RESULT:

The design of a Smart Home Automation using IOT-based system was verified
successfully.