Project Report

Titled as

“FOCUSED SOLAR ENERGY CONVERTED TO

ELECTRIC ENERGY”
Under the
PROJECT – I (4351904)
5TH SEMESTER MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Submitted in partial fulfilment for the requirements of

Diploma of Engineering
Submitted By:
THAKOR YOGESH (234578319018)
CHUNARA RAHUL (224570319006)
CHUNARA MANISH (224570319005)
GOHEL PRAVIN (224570319008)

Department of Mechanical Engineering

 Dr. Jivraj Mehta Institute of Polytechnic, Mogar
Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad

CERTIFICATE
(Project Certificate of Completion)
This is certify that Mr. Yogeshbhai Dineshbhai
Thakor Enrolment No. 234578319018 Batch
2023-25 of class 5th Semester, 3rd year of
Mechanical Engineering has satisfactorily
completed his Project-I (4351904) titled
“FOCUSED SOLAR ENRGY CONVERTED TO
ELECTRIC ENERGY” in the field of SOLAR
ENRGY during the period starting from SEM-05
and studying at Dr. Jivraj Mehta Institute of
Polytechnic, Mogar, Anand as a partial
fulfilment of Diploma of Engineering for the term
ending in 2024-25.

Date: _____________
Place: _____________

Signature Signature
Guide: Head of
Dept.
HARISHJADAV Avdhoot
Jejurkar

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We take the opportunity to express our

gratitude to Mr. Harish Jadav Sir lecturer in
Mechanical Engineering, Dr. Jivraj Mehta
Institute of Polytechnic Mogar(Gujarat) for
the valuable guidance & inspiration
throughout the Project work. We feel
thankful for his innovative ideas, which led
to successful completion of this work.
We would also like to thank to Mr. Avdhut
Jejulkar Sir (H.O.D. of Mechanical
Engineering Department in Dr. Jivraj Mehta
Institute of Polytechnic Mogar for his
continuous support in completion of our
Project.
We express our gratitude and thanks to all
the staff members of Mechanical
Engineering for their sincere cooperation in
furnishing relevant information to complete
this dissertation well in time successfully.
Last but not least we must express our
cordial thank to our parents, family
members and friends who gave us the moral
support without which it was impossible to
complete our projectwork.With this note we
thank everyone for the support.
 Table of Content
Page
S. No. Title
No.
1 Title page 2
2 certificate 3
3 Acknowledgement 4
4 Table of Content 5
5 Introduction 6
6 Abstract 7
7 Project selection 8
8 Working Principle 9
9 Methodology 10
10 Reference 11
. Introduction
 What is solar energy? Solar energy is the
radiation from the Sun capable of producing
heat, causing chemical reactions, or
generating electricity. The total amount of
solar energy received on Earth is vastly more
than the world's current and anticipated
energy requirements.
 Solar power, also known as solar electricity,
is the conversion of energy from sunlight into
electricity, either directly using photovoltaics
(PV) or indirectly using concentrated solar
power.
 Solar panels use the photovoltaic effect to

convert light into an electric current.

 As a renewable source of power, solar energy
has an important role in reducing greenhouse
gas emissions and mitigating climate change,
which is critical to protecting humans,
wildlife, and ecosystems.
 Scientists define energy as the ability to do
work. Modern civilization is possible because
people have learned how to change energy
from one form to another and then use it to
do work.
 When the sun shines onto a solar panel,
energy from the sunlight is absorbed by the
PV cells in the panel. This energy creates
 electrical charges that move in response to
an internal electrical field in the cell, causing
electricity to flow.

Abstract
 This Project describes new methods and
instruments for performance and durability
assessment of concentrating solar
power (CSP) systems.
 It comprises point and line focusing systems,
and presents new methods on both the
component level (heliostats, thermal
receivers, and rotation and expansion
performing assemblies) and the system level.
 PROJECT SELECTION

 By installing solar panels on rooftops or in

open areas, households can generate their
own electricity, reducing dependence on
fossil fuel-based power sources. In addition to
providing electricity, solar home systems also
aim to improve the standard of living for
households.

 Solar power energy projects offer a

sustainable and cost-effective solution to
meet the growing energy demands. These
projects contribute to a cleaner environment
and provide financial benefits by harnessing
the sun's power.

 It converts solar energy to electrical energy.

A sun inverter is one of the essential
elements of the solar power system.
Inverters convert solar energy generated
through solar panels to electrical energy,
which can be utilized at home or in the office.
 WORKING PRINCIPLE

 The Solar Reflector is the parabolic-shaped

dish that focuses sunlight onto the receiver,
which gathers the solar energy directly from
its source. The Parabolic Reflector is a curved
surface shaped like half a parabola.
 The reflector serves to optimize the light
around the solar panel and focus the light
towards the solar panel so as to produce
greater output power.
 Focus point find practically.
 Implementing a solar tracker mechanism
does improve the power output of a
conventional solar panel during the morning
and the evening hours. Adding a reflector to
harness additional sunlight on to the panel
makes a difference only when the solar panel
has not yet reached its peak performance.
Advantages of solar energy

 Solar energy is clean & green energy. ...

 Not dependent on other sources of
Energy. ...
 Less-maintenance. ...
 Safer than Other. ...
 Renewable Energy. ...
 Electricity Bill Reduction. ...
 Maximum Usage. ...
 Technology Development.
 This Project USE
1) Use in less light area
2) Use at ground floor
3) Use at farm
4) Effectively use in cloudy season
 5) We can generate electricity for
different use.

Disadvantages of solar energy

 The high initial costs of installing panels.

 The most commonly cited solar energy
disadvantage, cost, is declining as the
industry expands. ...
 Solar energy storage is expensive. ...
 Solar doesn't work for every roof type. ...
 Solar panels are dependent on sunlight.
 Space Requirement.
HIGHLIGHTS

 Solar energy projects harness the power of the

sun, converting it into electricity or heat for various
uses.
 This technology is pivotal in addressing some of
the most pressing challenges of our time, including
climate change, energy security, and global
inequality
 METHODOLOGY
S. No. DETAILS OF WORK DATE
1 Searching the Project 25-08-2024
2 Study of Project 28-08-2024
2 Development towards the 03-09-2024
Industrial Environment
3 Market Survey 10-09-2024
4 Discussing different 15-09-2024
Projects
5 Finalize the Project 28-09-2024
6 Study the objectives of the 01-10-2024
Project
7 Aim of the Project 03-10-2024
8 Model Design 05-10-2024
9 Project Material Estimation 06-10-2024
Calculation
10 Project Material Collection 08-10-2024
11 Project Assembly 15-10-2024
12 Project Inspection 16-10-2024
13 Finally, Project 20-10-2024
14 Project Material Actual 22-10-2024
Calculation
15 Project Report 30-10-2024
 PROJECT STUDY
(1) Book

(2) Video
(1) solar energy reflector vidio - Google
Search
(2) I make solar generator from a
mirror pan wok
 PROJECT EXECUTION
Planning
Organisation
Joint discussion

Estimation
Costing
Techniques use
impletation
 PROJECT MATERIAL
(1) SOLAR PLATE
(2) WEST TV DISH
(3) MIRROR GLASS

(4) GLASS CUTTER (5) GLASS GLUE

 (6) DISH
STAND

(7) MOTOR (8) MOTOR

(9) CABLE

(10) Bulb
 (1) SOLAR PANEL
Solar technologies convert sunlight into
electrical energy either through
photovoltaic (PV) panels or through mirrors
that concentrate solar radiation. This
energy can be used to generate electricity
or be stored in batteries or thermal storage
(2) TV DISH
A dish is used to strongly capture the signal
and focus it onto an antenna that receives
the signal, acting like a concave mirror.
(3) Glass
Reflective glass solutions are used to
combat the rising rate of energy
consumption – as they block the solar heat
and glare from entering inside.
(3) Glass cutter
A glass cutter is a tool used to make a
shallow score in one surface of a piece of
glass (normally a flat one) that is to be
broken in two pieces, for example to fit a
window. The scoring makes a split in the
surface of the glass which encourages the
glass to break along the score.
(5) Silicone sealant
Silicone Sealants are used to bond glass,
ceramics, metals, plastic, concrete and
bricks. They are also used in aerospace and
 engineering. Excellent for tile sealing, joint
sealing and colour grout sealing – they are
a building material you
(6) Stand
Iron stand is used for fixing and supports
various instruments, iron ring can replace
funnel stand to use. Generally be usually
used in experimental implementation such
as filtration, heating.Be one of most
popular instrument in the experiment,
normal and alcolhol burner is used.

(7) Cable
cable, in electrical and electronic systems,
a conductor or group of conductors
for transmitting electric power or
telecommunication signals from one place
to another.
can't afford to go past if you are a builder
or renovator in Brisbane.

(8) Bulb holder

Bulb holder, light socket, lamp socket or
bulb socket is a device which mechanically
supports and provides electrical
connections for a compatible electric bulb
or lamp. Sockets allow bulbs to be safely
and conveniently replaced. The
 construction of a bulb holder socket defines
and limits its intended use.

(9) Bulb
A light-bulb produces light from electricity.
In addition to lighting a dark space, they
can be used to show an electronic device is
on, to direct traffic, for heat, and for many
other purposes. Billions are in use, some
even in outer space. Early people used
candles and oil lamps for light.

(10) submersible pump

A submersible pump is used to pump well
water for agricultural irrigation, and for
pumping sewage.
Commercial Solar Panel Calculation

Consider a business who has equipped the

company’s building with high-efficiency solar
panels. Each panel has a 400W rating and 22%
efficiency. In her region, the average peak
sunlight is 5 hours per day.
For one panel, the daily energy output is
calculated as 400W x 5 hours x 0.22 = 440Wh, or
0.44 kWh. If installation includes 100 panels, the
total daily output becomes 0.44 kWh x 100 = 44
kWh. Over 30 days, this amounts to 44 kWh x 30
days = 1,320 kWh.

 Without reflector 22 volts found.

 Practically voltage found in multimeter
is 25 volt to 28 volt with reflector.
 CONCLUSION
The entry of reflective mirrors in the PV/TW
system increases the intensity of solar radiation
reflected on the photovoltaic cells. Thus, the
thermal efficiency increases, which has a
significant role in optimizing the overall
efficiency.
The system's maximum electrical efficiency was
low when using DC fans for cooling and without
reflecting mirrors. The entry of reflective mirrors
in the PV/TW system increases the intensity of
solar radiation reflected on the photovoltaic cells
Reflectors are used in the solar technology to
concentrate the sunlight onto the solar panels.
They employ glass as a base material with a
silver coating and a protective layer over it. They
elevate the energy input of solar panels as the
whole solar spectrum is reflected on them
In conclusion, solar streetlights offer many
advantages over traditional street lights. They
are more energy-efficient, environmentally
friendly, and require less maintenance.