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Sample Problems About Relative Equilibrium

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40 views4 pages

Sample Problems About Relative Equilibrium

Uploaded by

Ma. Tare
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sample Problems about Relative Equilibrium

Prob.1. An open rectangular tank mounted on a truck is 5 m long, 2 m wide and 2.5 m high is filled with
water to a depth of 2 m. (a) What maximum horizontal acceleration can be imposed on the tank without
spilling any water, (b) determine the accelerating force on the liquid mass. (c) If the acceleration is
increased to 6 m/s2, how much water is spilled out?

𝑉𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 = (2)(2)(5) = 20 𝑚3

𝑉𝑠𝑝𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑑 = 𝑉𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 − 𝑉𝑙𝑒𝑓𝑡 = 20 − 10.22

𝑉𝑠𝑝𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑑 = 9.78 𝑚3

1
Prob. 2. A vessel 3 m in diameter containing 2.4 m of water is being raised.

a. Find the pressure at the bottom of the vessel in kPa when the velocity is constant.

b. Find the pressure at the bottom of the vessel when it is accelerating 0.6 m/sec 2 upwards.

Solution
𝑎
For vertical motion: 𝑝 = 𝛾ℎ ( 1 ± ) ℎ = 2.4 𝑚
𝑔

a. when the velocity is constant, a =0, then

𝑝 = 𝛾ℎ = 9.81 (2.4) = 23.544 𝑘𝑃𝑎 ( pressure at the bottom)

b. when a = 0.6 m/sec2 (use “+” for upward acceleration )


0.6
𝑝 = 9.81 (2.4) ( 1 + ) = 24.984 𝑘𝑃𝑎
9.81

Prob.3. An open cylindrical tank, 2 m in diameter and 4 m high contains water to a depth of 3 m. It is
rotated about its own vertical axis with a constant angular speed 𝜔.

a. If 𝜔 = 3 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠𝑒𝑐 , is there any liquid spilled?


𝜔2 𝑟 2 (3)2 (1)2
Solution: ℎ= = = 0.46 𝑚
2𝑔 2 (9.81)

ℎ 0.46
= = 0.23 𝑚 < 𝐷 = 1 𝑚 , therefore no liquid is spilled.
2 2

b. What maximum value of 𝜔 (in rpm) can be imposed without spilling any liquid?

Solution:

2
c. If 𝜔 = 8 rad/sec, how much water is spilled out and to what depth will the water stand when brought
to rest?

Solution: For 𝜔 = 8 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠𝑒𝑐


(8)2 (1)2
ℎ= = 3.26 𝑚
2(9.81)

ℎ
= 1.63 𝑚 > 𝐷 = 1 𝑚, therefore some liquid spilled but the vortex of the paraboloid is
2
inside the tank since ℎ < 4 𝑚.

d. What angular speed 𝜔 (in rpm ) will just zero the depth of water at the center of the tank?

Solution above.

3
e. If 𝜔 = 100 rpm (revolutions per minute), how much area at the bottom of the tank is uncovered?
1 𝑚𝑖𝑛
Solution: 𝜔 = 100 𝑟𝑒𝑣/𝑚𝑖𝑛 × × 2𝜋𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑟𝑒𝑣 = 3.33 𝜋 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠𝑒𝑐
60 𝑠𝑒𝑐

𝜔2 𝑟 2 (3.33𝜋)2 (1)2
ℎ= = = 5.58 𝑚 > 𝐻 = 4𝑚, therefore the vortex of the paraboloid is
2𝑔 2 (9.81)
already below the tank ( imaginary ).

Prob.4. A closed cylindrical vessel, 2 m in diameter and 4 m high is filled with water to a depth of 3 m and
rotated about its own vertical axis at a constant angular speed 𝜔, the air inside the vessel is under a
pressure of 120 kPa.

a. If 𝜔 = 12 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠𝑒𝑐, what is the pressure at the center and circumference at the bottom of the tank?

b. What angular speed 𝜔 will just zero the depth of water at the center?

c. If 𝜔 = 12 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠𝑒𝑐, how much area at the bottom is uncovered?

(solve this problem)

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