Fundamentals of

Computers
By / Merhan Atef
1 Signing in to
windows 10

By / Merhan Atef
1- Signing in to windows 10
● To interact with Windows 10, you need to first pass
through a security gate – the Sign-In screen or
Welcome Screen.

● You need to have a user account, which can be a

local account that exists only on your computer or
an online Microsoft account.

● To sign in to Windows, you need to dismiss the

Lock Screen by clicking anywhere or pressing any
key on the keyboard.

● You get the Welcome screen with the Username

and Picture of the most recent user account in the
center along with a Password entry box.
By / Merhan Atef
1- Signing in to windows 10
• A list of user accounts on the
computer are shown in the lower left
corner.

• To Sign In, enter your password in the

box below the account name and press
Enter key (or click on the Arrow button
to the right of the password box.)

• If you have not set a password for your

user account, a Sign in button will
appear below your account name.
By / Merhan Atef
2 Exploring
windows 10

By / Merhan Atef
01 Exploring the pc screen
 Once you Sign In, you land on the Windows 10
PC Screen. It is the place where you interact
with Windows 10.

 It hosts the tools you use most often while

working with your PC. Basically, the Windows
10 PC Screen has:
• The Desktop
• Icons
• The Taskbar

By / Merhan Atef
01 Exploring the pc screen
A- The Desktop:
● The major part of the Windows 10 interface
screen is the Desktop.

● You can personalize your Windows 10 desktop

to suite your preferences, as you personalize
your home or work desk. Thus, you can auto
arrange Icons on the Desktop, change the
Desktop Wallpaper

By / Merhan Atef
01 Exploring the pc screen
B- Icons:
● The Desktop has several Icons.
● An Icon is a small graphical picture that is linked to a
file, a folder, or an application.
● Double clicking an Icon opens the object it is linked
with.
● By default, the Windows 10 desktop has a Recycle
bin icon.
● The Recycle Bin is like a system folder on your
computer. When you delete a file or folder on your
PC, it is usually shifted to the Recycle bin.

By / Merhan Atef
01 Exploring the pc screen
C- The Taskbar:
● At the bottom of the Desktop, a wide
horizontal bar, which has a Windows Start
button to the left and time and date to the
right is the Taskbar.

● At the bottom of the Desktop, a wide

horizontal bar, which has a Windows Start
button to the left and time and date to the
right is the Taskbar.

By / Merhan Atef
 02 Exploring the taskbar
• When you start a task in Windows 10, its icon appears on
the Taskbar with an underline.

• For easy access, you can permanently pin an Icon to the

Taskbar by right clicking on it.

• The icons without underline on the taskbar are the ones

pinned but are not currently running.

• Moving mouse pointer over an underlined Taskbar Icon

shows a Snap of the current contents of the task window.

By / Merhan Atef
02 Exploring the taskbar
 The contents of the Taskbar from the left are:
A- Start Button: It allows you to open the Start Menu.

B- Search button: It opens the Search box where you can Search for files, folders, apps or
settings on your computer or interact with Cortana.

C- Task View button: It opens the Task View display, which shows all the running tasks/ apps in
small windows. It allows you to easily switch amongst the running tasks/apps. You can close an
app directly in the task view as well

By / Merhan Atef
02 Exploring the taskbar
 The contents of the Taskbar from the left are:
D- Notifications icon: It notifies you of the system and app events such as new emails arrived or
system updates are installed. Clicking on the Notification icon opens the Notification and Action
Center pane.

E- Time & Date display: It shows the current Time and Date. Clicking on it displays the Calendar
pane. To Adjust date/time of your computer, you can click right on the Time & Date icon. This
will open the Date and Time settings.

F- Active Language icon: It shows the currently active language. Clicking on it allows you to
switch between available languages or to configure
Language preferences.

By / Merhan Atef
02 Exploring the taskbar
 The contents of the Taskbar from the left are:
● G- Sound icon: It allows you to change sound level of your PC. You can click right on it to
access different Sound settings.

● H- Network icon: It indicates the status of your network connection. Clicking it shows more
information about your network connection and the Network settings option.

By / Merhan Atef
03 Exploring the new start menu
The Start Menu is the main point of access to your
Applications and Settings.

Opening new start menu:

You can open Start menu in multiple ways directly from any
screen you are working on.
1- To open the Start Menu, Click on the Start button on the
taskbar.

By / Merhan Atef
03 Exploring the new start menu
The new Start Menu can be categorized in to three
sections as given below:
A- Basic Start Menu: The left part of the Start menu contains the B
User Account icon, File Explorer icon, Settings icon, and Power
button.
A
B- All Apps List: Besides the basic Start Menu, there is a list of all
apps available on your PC.
C
C- Tile Based Start Screen: The right side of the new Start Menu
has the whole new colorful tile based Start Screen. Tiles 1
represents the apps you use frequently. Clicking on a tile opens Figure 59 start
menu
the respective app or link.
By / Merhan Atef
The basic
start menu
 The basic start menu
 The basic Start Menu has the classic features so that
you can have easy access to the basic operations such
as opening the computer settings, lock, sign out, or shut
down the computer.
A
 By default, the basic Start Menu has: B
A- User Account Icon
B- File Explorer Icon C
C- Settings Icon D
D- Power Button
Figure basic start menu

By / Merhan Atef
The basic start menu
A- User Account Icon:
 The User Account Icon shows which user is
currently Signed In.

 Clicking on the User Accounts Icon gives you

following options:
Sign Out: This allows you to close all your work , apps and sign
out from your user account safely. If you have any unsaved
file, Windows prompt you to save it.

By / Merhan Atef
The basic start menu
Lock: This allows you to take a break by keeping
all your work and apps open in the same state
and just lock the computer.

Change Account Settings: This allows you to

open the Account's Settings, where you can
Set or Change Picture for your User Account,
Change Password, etc.

By / Merhan Atef
The basic start menu
B- File Explorer Icon:
The File Explorer Icon allows you to open the new Windows 10
File Explorer Application right from the Start Menu. The File
Explorer Application is a modern file management tool in
Windows 10, which allows you to organize all your files on your
computer.
C- Settings Icon:
The Settings Icon allows you to open the Windows Settings
App.
. Windows Settings App provides an easy way to set your
computer according to your preferences.
By / Merhan Atef
The basic start menu
D- Power Button:
The Power Button allows you to Shut Down, Restart or put your
computer to Sleep State.

Sleep: Sleep Mode keeps your work, files, apps active in its state,
turns off the monitor and puts the computer in a Power Saving State.

Shut Down: This closes all open apps, files, processes, signs out all
the users in an orderly manner and then turns off the computer.

Restart: This shuts down the computer and starts it again.

By / Merhan Atef
 The basic start menu
The apps list
The All Apps List provides access to all of the apps available on
your PC.

The All Apps List has the following:

A- Recently added: The apps that are recently installed are
listed here.

B- Most used: The apps that you use most are listed here. The
list is updated based on your usage of apps.

C- Alphabetical apps list: This presents all the apps available

on the PC in alphabetic order allowing you to quickly locate
the apps.
By / Merhan Atef
The basic start menu
Tile based start screen
 Tiles can be considered as replacement for Icons in the tablet or
touch based interfaces.

 Tiles are more attractive and visual than icons.

 Tiles can display contents from an app it is representing or can

show live contents. By default, the tiles have two groups on the
Start screen, Life at a glance (having tiles of apps, such as Calendar
or Weather) and Play and explore (having the tiles of apps, such as
Games or News).

By / Merhan Atef
Pin Tiles to Start Screen
To pin an app to the Start screen,
follow the steps given below: 3
2
1. Open the Start menu.

2. Locate the app in the All Apps list and

Right Click on it.

3. Choose Pin to Start in the shortcut

menu that appears

1
Unpin Tiles from Start Screen
To Unpin a tile from the Start
screen, follow the steps given
below:

4- In the Start Menu, Right Click on the tile

you want to Unpin. 5

5- Choose Unpin from Start in the

shortcut menu that appears. 4
 Resize Tiles
Tiles can be square or rectangular in
shape. You can resize tiles to be Small,
Medium, Large, or Wide. To resize a Tile,
follow the steps given below:

1. In the Start Menu, Right-click on 2 3

the tile you want to resize.

2. Point to the Resize option in the 1

shortcut menu that appears.

3. Choose the desired size for the

tile.
 Resize Start Menu
5
To change the width or height of the
Start menu, follow the steps given
below: 4
1. Open the Start Menu, Point to the
right border (or the top border) of
the Start Menu.

2. The mouse pointer changes to a

two-headed arrow, Drag the
border to resize the Start menu as
desired
3 Personalizing
windows 10
By / Merhan Atef
Personalizing windows 10
● Having explored the Windows 10, you might be excited with the pleasant
design and colors it has by default, or you might want to customize it to
your own preferences.

● Windows 10 offers great personalization options for your windows

environment. You can personalize the Desktop, the Start Menu, the
Taskbar, and even the Lock Screen.

● Now you will go through the Personalization options in windows 10.

1- Personalize the desktop
You can personalize your desktop in many ways such as Resizing Icons, Arranging
Icons, or Changing the Desktop Background.

 Resizing desktop icons

Windows 10 provides three views for the desktop icons; Large icons, Medium icons and
Small icons.
To change the view of the Desktop Icons, follow the steps given below:

1- Right Click on an empty area of the desktop, the shortcut menu appears.
2- Point to View option.
3- Choose the desired view option for the icons from the menu that appears.
2
3

1
1- Personalize the desktop
 Arranging icons (sort by)
You can arrange icons manually by dragging icons as you want or you can let windows
arrange (or Sort) it automatically.
You can also choose to sort icons automatically by their Name, Size, Item type or Date
modified.

To automatically sort the desktop icons, follow the steps given below:
1- Right Click on an empty area of the desktop, the shortcut menu appears.
2- Point to Sort by option.
3- Choose the desired sort option from the menu that appears
2- Personalize the desktop background
1. Click on Start Button.
2. Click on Settings icon in the Start menu. This opens up the
Windows Settings.
3. Click on the Personalization category
The Personalization Settings window appears.
2
4. Click the Background option in the Personalization pane on
the left.
5. Click the Background menu in the right and choose Picture
1
option from the list that appears.
6. Choose a picture from the pictures shown under the Choose
your picture.
The preview of the selected picture appears in the Preview area
2- Personalize the desktop background
set a Solid Color as Background
● To set a Solid color for your desktop Background, open
the Personalization settings and follow the steps given
below:

1. Click on the Background option in the Personalization

pane on the left.
2. Click on the Background menu in the right and choose
Solid color from the list that appears.
3. Choose a color of your choice from the Background
colors grid that appears below.
Preview of the selected color appears in the Preview
area.
2- Personalize the desktop background
set a Slideshow as Background
If you want the desktop background picture to be changed automatically
after a specific time period, you can choose the Slideshow option for your desktop background.

1. Click on the Background option in the Personalization pane on the left.

2. Click on the Background menu in the right and choose Slideshow from the list that appears.
3. Click on the Browse button to locate the pictures folder. The Select Folder dialog box
appears.
4. Locate and select the pictures folder and click on the Choose this folder button.
5. Click on Change picture every box and choose how often you want the pictures should be
changed in the slideshow.
3- Themes
The Themes option in Personalization settings allows you to change the appearance
of various user interface elements of Windows at once.

A Theme is like a personalization package containing the desktop backgrounds,

colors, screen savers, and even system sounds.

To change the Theme, open the Personalization settings and follow the steps
given below:
1. Click Themes option from the Personalization pane in the left.
2. Choose a Theme of your choice from the available themes.
4- Personalize the lock screen
You can set a Picture or a Slideshow on the Lock Screen in
the same way you do it for the desktop background i.e.,
from the Personalization settings.

Additionally, you can show the status of different apps

right on the Lock Screen.

Getting the status of apps right on the Lock screen makes

it beneficial, so you can decide whether or not you should
unlock and pay immediate attention.

There are two types of app status on the Lock Screen:

detailed status and quick status.
4- Personalize the lock screen
Show detailed app status on lock screen
● Setting an app to show detailed status on the Lock Screen gives a bit more
information from the app.

● For example, the detailed status of Calendar app shows the upcoming event details
which includes the event title, location, time, etc.
To set an App to show detailed status on Lock Screen:
1. open the Personalization settings

2. Click Lock Screen option from the Personalization pane in the left.

3. Click on the icon under the Choose an app to show detailed status; the list of
supported apps appears.
4. Choose the app of your choice to show the detailed status.
4- Personalize the lock screen
Show quick app status on lock screen
The Choose apps to show quick status option from the Settings app displays the app
icons for the new notifications on the Lock Screen.

The count of the notifications is also displayed on the app icon, which is called badges of
the apps.

For example, quick status of email app shows just the number of new emails arrived.
To set an App to show quick status on Lock Screen:
1. open the Personalization settings
2. Click Lock Screen option from the Personalization pane in the left.
3. Click on any of the plus sign icon or existing app icon under the Choose apps to show
quick status. The list of supported apps appears.
4. Choose the app of your choice to show the quick status.
5- Personalize the start menu
You can choose which folders to appear on the Start; whether to show Most Used apps,
Jump lists, or to show the full screen Start Menu as in the tablet mode.

To personalize Start menu contents:

1. open the Personalization settings
2. Click on the Start option in the Personalization pane in the left.
3. Show more tiles: Turn this option ON if you want to make the Start screen a bit wider
to occupy more tiles.
4. Show most used apps: Turn this option ON to see a list of apps you use most but are
not pinned to the Start screen, at the top of the All Apps list.
5. Show recently added apps: Turn this option ON to see a list of recently installed
apps, at the top of the All Apps list.
5- Personalize the start menu
To personalize Start menu contents:
6. Use Start full Screen: Turn this option ON to see the full screen Start Menu as in the
tablet mode.

7. Show recently opened items in Jump Lists on Start or the Taskbar: Turn this option
ON to show the list of recently opened items in an app as a Jump list so that you can
right-click and reopen it directly.

8. Choose which folders to appear on start: Clicking this option opens a list of folders
with ON/OFF toggle buttons. You can turn any folder ON to have it right in the basic
start menu for direct access
6- Personalize the taskbar
You can personalize the taskbar in many ways such as locking, automatically hiding, or
changing its location on screen.

Windows 10 has also simplified the Taskbar personalization by providing it all together at
one place and in the form of ON/OFF toggle buttons for most of the options.

To personalize the Taskbar:

open the Personalization settings
1. Click on the Taskbar option in the Personalization pane in the left.
The Taskbar settings appear to the right.
2. Lock the Taskbar: Turn this option ON if you want to prevent any accidental
relocation or resizing of the Taskbar
3. Lock the Taskbar: Turn this option ON if you want to prevent any accidental
relocation or resizing of the Taskbar
6- Personalize the taskbar
4. Use small taskbar buttons: Turn this
option ON if you want the buttons on
the taskbar to be a bit smaller. This
reduces the size of the taskbar as
well.

5. Show badges: Turn this option ON if

you want to get the count of any new
notifications from a running app
directly on its taskbar button.

6. Taskbar location on screen: Click on

this option to change the location of
the taskbar on your screen.
6- Personalize the taskbar
7. Combine taskbar buttons: Click on
this option to choose whether to
combine the buttons on the taskbar
for the apps that are having multiple
open windows. This allows you to
occupy more buttons on the taskbar.

8. Select which notification icons

appear on taskbar: Click on this
option to choose which icons you
want to appear in the Notification
area of the Taskbar.
6- Personalize the taskbar
9. Turn System icons ON/OFF: Click on
this option to choose which system
icons you want to appear in the
Notification Area of the Taskbar, such
as the Clock, Volume, or Network.
4 Managing
content
and app
windows
1- A window and an active window
 A window is a rectangular frame that displays apps, files, folders, or
other contents.

 As discussed, multiple windows are usually open simultaneously

while you work.

 The window you are currently working in is called an Active Window.

 For example, if you are currently browsing a website in Microsoft

Edge, it is your active window.
1- A window and an active window
Common characteristics of windows
● The contents of every window are usually different but all windows have some
common characteristics.

All windows can be opened, closed, minimized, maximized, and resized. In addition,
most of the windows have some basic parts, as follows:
1. Title Bar: It is the area at the top of a window that displays the title of an app. It also
displays the title of the file, which is open in the window. You can drag the Title bar to
move a window on the screen.

2. Minimize button: This button is at the right end of the title bar. It minimizes a window
to the taskbar , i.e. the window disappears from the screen. You can re-open the
same window from the taskbar.
1- A window and an active window
Common characteristics of windows
3. Maximize/Restore button: This is next to the minimize button on the window title bar.
Maximize resizes the window to full screen and Restore returns the window to its
previous size.

4. Close button: Next to the maximize button is the Close button. It closes the window
along with the file, or any other contents.

5. Scroll Bar: Scroll bar is used to move vertically or horizontally to change the position of
the content within a window. For example, you use vertical scroll bars to move through
a window.

6. Window Border: The outer edges of a window, which specifies area of the window on
the screen. The Window borders can be used to resize a window as well. Take the
mouse pointer on any border of the window, the pointer changes to a two-headed
arrow. Drag the border horizontally or vertically to resize the window as desired.
4 Arranging
multiple
windows
1- Arranging multiple windows

● When you have multiple apps running simultaneously, you might wish
to arrange all the app windows at once. Windows 10 allows you to
automatically arrange all running app windows in three ways; cascade,
stacked, or side by side.
Arranging multiple windows
● Cascade windows
● This arrangement shows multiple open windows overlapped one over
the other. To cascade Windows,
● Right click on empty area of the Taskbar and choose the Cascade
windows option from the menu that app.
Arranging multiple windows
Show windows stacked
● This arrangement shows the multiple windows one above the other.
To show Windows stacked,
●
Right click on empty area of the Taskbar and choose Show windows
stacked option from the menu that appears.
Arranging multiple windows
Show windows side by side
● This shows multiple windows arranged side by side. To show Windows
side by side,
● Right click on empty area of the Taskbar and choose Show windows
side by side from the menu that appears.
Restore cascaded, stacked or side by
side windows
● After you have arranged multiple windows on your screen, you can restore
them to their previous status by choosing the relevant Undo command.
● 1- To restore the window arrangement, right click on empty area of Taskbar
and click the relevant Undo command from the menu that appears
5 Snap a
window to the
left or right of
a screen
Snap a window to the left or right of a screen
● Windows 10 includes several enhancements to snap, making it easier to manipulate the layout of an
open window on your screen. Snapping a window to left or right side actually resizes and positions a
window to occupy either left or right portion of the screen or one corner of the screen.
● 1- To snap window to left half of the screen, drag the window Title bar until the mouse pointer
touches the left or right edge of the screen (A circle flashes around mouse pointer) and Release.
Switching between windows
● You can cycle through different windows
that are open on your screen or minimized
to Taskbar. To switch between windows,
you can use the Task View button on the
taskbar

Using the Task View button

● The main function of the Task View button is to
provide easy switching amongst the different open
windows.
● To switch between windows using task view
button, follow the steps given below:
● Click Task View button on the taskbar.
● A- Windows displays thumbnails for all running
programs.
● Click the thumbnail of the program that you want to
switch to.
Using ALT + TAB Keys
● You can also switch among the
open windows easily with the ALT
+ TAB keys as follows:
● Press and hold the ALT key.
● Hit the TAB key once, you will see
the thumbnails of the open
programs.
● Hit the TAB key again to choose
the window you want to switch to.
● Release the ALT key to show the
selected window.
6 MANAGING FILES
& FOLDERS AND
COMPUTER
SETTINGS Managing
files and folders
MANAGING FILES & FOLDERS AND COMPUTER SETTINGS Managing
files and folders

● Windows 10 organizes the files hierarchical storage system of folders and subfolders.
To organize your files well, Windows 10 provides the File Explorer app. This section
explains working with the File Explorer app of Windows 10.

Understanding files, folders, and libraries

● Files and Folders play a major role in the organization of data in your
computer. Before you work with the File Explorer app, you should understand the
basic concept about Files, Folders and Libraries.
● File
● A file is a collection of related data or information stored in a computer; identified by
a name. It can be a document, worksheet, graph, text file, presentation, audio clip,
video clip, etc. You can open, look at and change files by using one or more apps.
● Folder
● A folder is a container in which you can store files and folders. A folder within a folder
is called a sub- folder. Many apps install the files they need in subfolders of the
Program Files folder.
● Library
● Libraries allow you to access and arrange files from different folder locations quickly
without moving them from their original location. The default libraries in Windows 10
are Documents, Music, Pictures, Videos, Camera Roll and Saved Pictures
● File explorer of windows 10
● File Explorer is the file management application used by Windows 10 to browse
folders and files. It provides a graphical interface for the users to navigate and
access the files stored in the computer. If you are looking for a specific document in
your computer use the File Explorer to locate it.
● To start the File Explorer, click on its icon in the Start Menu.
● The File Explorer window opens up and you can browse all folders and files on your
computer.
The user interface of file explorer
● You should first get familiar with the user interface of the File Explorer so that it will
be easier for you to understand and practice its features. As you can see, the initial
window of the File Explorer comprises of the following sections:
● A- Ribbon: The File Explorer includes the Ribbon at the top. The
Ribbon contains buttons for the common tasks you perform with your files and
folders.
● B- Navigation and Search Bar: Just below the Ribbon, it lets you navigate through
the folder structure easily and search files or folders.
● C- Navigation Pane: The Pane on the left, gives you easy access to storage structure
of your computer consisting of the libraries of documents, pictures, storage devices
and even network devices. It also features the new Quick access showing the
frequently used folders.
● D- Contents Pane: It is the main area to the right of the Navigation Pane that displays
the contents of the selected folder or storage location.
The Ribbon
● In Windows 10, the File Explorer incorporates the Ribbon similar to the one featured
in the Microsoft Office applications. The Ribbon contains buttons and commands for
the most common tasks.
● The File Explorer Ribbon has the following four tabs, each with different commands:
● A- File tab: It actually opens the File menu that has options like managing the File
Explorer window or customize the File Explorer.
● B- Home tab: It has most of the tools to organize files and folders.
● C- Share tab: It has the options like Share, Email, Print, or Compress a file or folder.
● D- View tab: It has the options to configure the layout of the File Explorer window.
Navigation and search bar
● The Navigation and Search bar below the Ribbon helps you in navigating through your
folder and searching for files. It has four sections as follows:

● E- Navigation buttons: The Back, Forward and Up buttons on the left allows you to move through recently opened
folder locations easily.
● F- Address bar: To the right of the navigation buttons, the long Address bar displays an icon and the full path to
the current folder.
● G- Refresh button: On the Address bar, the Refresh button refreshes the display of the contents pane.
● H- Search box: In the right side, the Search box gives access to the file or folder search feature of Windows
● 10. Entering a term in the Search box adds a new Search tab in the File Explorer ribbon with various search tools.
Navigation pane
● The vertical pane that opens by default on the left
side of the File Explorer window, displays a
hierarchical view of the physical and virtual storage
structures available in the computer. The
Navigation pane allows you to browse folders and
files on your computer or on a network. The
Navigation pane displays the following nodes:
● A- Quick Access: The Quick Access node contains
links to folders and libraries that you access
frequently.
● You can also pin any folder location here to access
it quickly.
● B- This PC: This PC node contains links to your user
account-specifc folders, and to the physical
storage locations that are installed in or connected
to your computer.
● C- Network: The Network node displays a
representation of other computers on your local
area network.
Content pane
● In File Explorer, the Content Pane displays files and folders stored in the currently selected folder or storage device. It
displays the contents of the selected folder as a textual or iconic list. The Content Pane in the initial File Explorer
interface has the following two sections, for easy access to recently opened files or folders.
● A- Frequent folders section: It lists the folders you’ve worked with recently, for quick access to them.
● B- Recent files section: It lists files and documents that you’ve opened recently.
The home tab
● Most of the tools you need to organize files & folders on your computer are provided
in the Home tab of the File Explorer.

● The Home tab consists of the following five groups:

● A- Clipboard: This group consists of commands to copy or move a file/folder.
● B- Organize: This group consists of commands to copy, move, rename, or delete a file/folder.
● C- New: This group consists of commands to create a file/f older or other items.
● D- Open: This group consists of commands to open a file/ folder or display its Properties.
● E- Select: This group consists of commands to select the files/folders in the content pane
Pin to quick access button
● As discussed earlier, the Quick Access node in the Navigation pane gives you a quick way to open frequently used
folders. You can use the Pin to Quick Access button on the Home tab to easily pin any folders location to the Quick
Access list.
● To pin a drive, folder, library, or other location to the Quick Access list, follow the steps given below:
● 1- In the File Explorer, select the folder that you want to pin to Quick Access. 2- Click the Home tab on the Ribbon.
● 3- In the Clipboard section, click the Pin to Quick Access button. A- The selected folder is now listed in Quick Access.
Unpin from Quick access
● To remove a pinned location from Quick Access list, follow the steps given below:
● 1- Right-click on it in the Quick Access list. 2- Choose Unpin from Quick Access.
Clipboard group
● When you cut or copy a folder or file, the item is moved to a storage area called the
Clipboard. This facilitates you to paste one or more copies of it elsewhere. In addition to
copying files and folders to other locations, you can also make copies of files in the
original folder.
Copy, Paste and Cut
● You can copy or move a file from one folder to another. In a similar way, you can also
copy or move a complete folder.
● To copy (or move) a file or folder to a different folder, follow the steps given below:
● 1- Select your file or folder in the File Explorer. 2- Click on the Home tab.
● Click on Copy (or Cut) button in the Clipboard group; depending on whether you want
to make a copy of the selected item or move it.
● Open the destination folder.
● Click on Paste button from the Clipboard group.
Organize group
● The organize group facilitates you to perform different operations such as Copy, Move,
Rename and
● Delete in an efficient way.
Move to and copy to buttons
● This option facilitates you to directly Move/Copy your file/folder to a recently opened
folder or any folder without opening it. To copy (or move) a file or folder to a different
folder, follow the steps given below:
○ In File Explorer, select your file or folder.
● A menu drops down, listing some common locations.
●
● 3- Click Choose Location.
●
● Search through the drive and folders in the dialog box that opens to reach the
destination folder and select it.
● Click on Copy/Move button on the dialog box.
Delete button

● You can Recycle or permanently delete files or folders that you don’t
need any more. To delete a file or folder, follow the steps given below:
1. In File Explorer, select your file or folder.
2. Click the Ribbon’s Home tab at the top.
3. From the Organize group, click on the Delete button.
4. Click on the drop down arrow of the Delete button to Choose whether
you want to Recycle it (send it to the Recycle bin) or permanently
delete it
Restore from Recycle Bin
● Normally, when you delete a file or folder, Windows 10 moves the object to the
Recycle Bin. To restore a file or folder from the Recycle Bin, follow the steps
given below:
● 1- Open the Recycle Bin by double-clicking the Recycle Bin icon on the
desktop.
● 2- Select the file or folder in the Recycle Bin window.
● 3- On the Manage tab, select restore the Selected Items. The selected file or
folder returns to the folder it was in before it was deleted.
Rename
● You can change the name of any file or folder based on changes in its contents at any time you want. To rename a file
or folder, select it in the File Explorer and follow the steps given below:
1. On the Home tab, in the Organize group, click the Rename button. In the content area, the current name of the file or
folder becomes editable.
2. Type the new name and press the Enter key.
Creating a New Folder
● To create a new folder, follow the steps given below:
1. Click on the Home tab in File Explorer.
2. Click on the New Folder button in the new group. This creates a new folder in the content pane. 3- Type the name for
the newly created Folder and press ENTER
Creating a New Item
● You can also create blank files of different types in File Explorer, which can be opened and edited in the respective
application.

1. To create a new Item, follow the steps given below:

2. Click on the Home tab in File Explorer.
3. Click the drop down arrow next to the new item button in the new group. The list of file types appears. 3- Choose the
type of file you want to create. This creates a New Item in the content pane.
4. Type the name for the newly created file and press the ENTER key.
Select group
●
The Select group facilitates you to select multiple files or folders from the content pane. To select a single file or
folder, you can simply click on it.
Selecting multiple files
● To select multiple consecutive items, follow the steps given
below:
1. 1- Click on the first item and Press and hold the SHIFT key on the
keyboard.
2. 2- Click on the last item you want in the selection. Release the
SHIFT key.

● To select multiple non-consecutive items, follow the steps given

below:
1. Click on the first item. Press and hold the CTRL key on the
keyboard.
2. Click on other items you want to select. Release the CTRL key after
you finish your selection.
The view tab
● The View tab hosts the commands that you can use to customize the display of items in the File
Explorer window.
● The View tab allows you to change the way Windows displays your files and folders. It consists of the
following four groups:
● A- The Panes group facilitates you to Show/Hide the Navigation Pane. It also lets you choose between
the Preview Pane and the Details Pane.
● B- The Layout enables you to choose among the different icon sizes and their Details.
● C- The Current view group lets you arrange the icons in different orders.
● D- The Show/Hide group enables you show or hide different options related to files and folders.
Panes group
● The Panes group facilitates you to apply different options to the Navigation Pane available on the left
of the File Explorer. It further facilitates you to access Details or Preview panes.
 Thanks!
Do you have any
questions ?

By / Merhan Atef