Past Year’s Questions This section contains selected Questions from last 5 years! Board Exams from 2024 to 2019. Different sets Board Exam papers including compartment papers are covered here. Short Answer I Questions (Q.No. 1) Short Answer Il Questions (Q.Nos. 1-4) 1. Ateacher asked 10 of his students to write a polynomial in one variable on a paper and then to handover the paper. The following were the answers given by the students 2x43, 3x? 47x42, 4x? 43x72 42,09 + BE +7, Ix+ ST,5e ~Te42,202 43-3,5x-1, x ae tbe texted cet x Answer the following que st (i) How many of the above ten, are not polynomials? i) How many of the above ten, are quadratic polynomials? [CBSE 2020] 41, Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x? —15and verify the relationship between the Jeroes and the coefficients of the polynomial, ICBSE 20a, 2, Find a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are reciprocals of the zeroes of the polynomial f(x) = ax* +bx+0,a40,¢ #0. [08S 2 3, Find the value of k such that the polyno x? — (k + 6) x + 2(2k - I) has sum of its zeroes equal to half of their product. tease zn, 4, Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 1y a ye z and verify the relationship between the zeroes and the coefficientsjc@se 201 Competency Based Questions As per latest Exam Pattern there will be 50% Competency Based Questions (CBQs) in the paper. So we have covered all types of CBQs; Multiple Choice Questions, Assertion-Reason, Case Based and Subjective Questions of competency nature, Multiple Choice Questions (Q.Nos. 1-25) 4. The zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 2x? ~3x—9are [CBSE 2024) 3 oe Oa 2, What should be subtracted from the polynomial x? = 16x +430, so that 15 is the zero of the 3 3 (a)3, ()-3, 2 @3, 2 resulting polynomial? CBSE 2024) (a) 30 (b) 14 (15 @16 3. What should be added to the polynomial x? —5x+4, so that 3 is the zero of the resulting case 2024) @s polynomial? (1 2 4 4, The number of polynomials having zeroes -3, and 5 is ICBSE 20 (@) only one (©) exactly two () infinite (@) at most two 5, Ifaand Bare the zeroes of the polynomial x? —1, then the value of (a + B) is [CBSE 200 (2 On ©-1 @0 6. Ifthe zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x? +(a +1) x + bare 2and ~3, then tease 2 (a) =i 1 (b)a=5,b 1 ()a=2,b=-6 @a=0,b=-6 7. One zero of the polynomial x? + 3x + kis 2, the the value of kis ease (10 10 @)5 @-5 a 10. " 12. 14olynomials 8. The zeroes of the polynomial 3x? + I Lx = 4are [CBSE 2023] 1 @5.4 1 1 1 @>-4 O73 Op- 9. The zerocs of the polynomial x? - 3x — z(t +3) are IcBSE 2020] (a) m, m+3 (b) -m, m1 +3 (©) m, -(n+3) (d) -m, —(m +3) 10. The quadratic polynomial, the sum of whose zeroes is ~Sand their product is 6, is (CBSE 2020) (a) x? 45x46 (b) x2-5x+6 (©) x?-5x-6 (d)-x? 45x46 11, Which of the following polynomials has the highest degree? [08S a8] (@)-x7 41 Ax? + 14x? -32x x (©) 2980x° + 1217x? — 472x +1232 (@) - 754x4 - 1223 + 42x? 419924211 12. Which one of the following is the second degree polynomial function f(x), where FO) =5, f(-0 =10 and f() = 6? (a) 5x? -2x +5 (b) 3x? -2x~5 (0) 3x? -2x +5 (a) 3x? - 10x +5 13. Shown below is a part of the graph of a polynomial g(x). On dividing g(x) by which of the following will the remainder be zero? Ir @ (x-) (ii) (x -2) Gil) (+9 (iv) (+2) (a) only @) (b) only (i) and Gi) (©) only (i), (iii) and (iv) (2) All of the above 14, If the zeroes of polynomial are 7 and ~11, then they cut the X-axis at... and points. (a) (7, 0) and (11,0) (b) 7, 0) and (11, 0) (©), Mand (-A1, 11) (4) (7, 11) and (-7, -11) 15. Shown below are the parts of graphs of two polynomials, g(x) and (2). When h(x) is divided by (x —3), the remainder is k. Y Which of these is true for the remainder when g(x) is divided by (x - 3)? (a) Itis less than k () Itis equal tok (©) Itis more than k (@) cannot conclude without knowing the polynomials 16. A certain polynomial P has a degree of 2. Polynomial P has zeroes 2 and-3 and a >0 when the function of polynomial P is written in the form of ? + bx +c, Given this information, which of the following could be the graph of polynomial P? % y «, Is 0), xe af Ne 4x eb tf x g a x ts Y Xe |—__x cy Ox Yr z 17, p(x) is a polynomial given by (x) == 2x + 8x? -1 At which of the following points will the graph of p(x) intersect the positive X-axis? ea yt @ z ai) a (@) Only (i) (b) Only (ii) (c) Both (i) and (ii) (@) None, it never intersects positive X-axis [ese 08)18. Which of these are thi zeroes of the polynomial x(x= 7)? [cose a5) (a) Only 0 (b) Only 7 (©) Both 0 and 7 (d) The polynomial docs not have any zero. 19. Which of these are the zeroes of x? Tx 412? ICBSE QB] (b)(-3and 4) (d) 3 and (- 4) 20. If the sum of the zeroes of the polynomial f(x) =2x° - 3kx? + 4x -5is 6, then the value of kis @)2 )4 ©-2 o-4 21. Ifaand Pare the zeroes of polynomial f(x) = 2x? + Sx + k satisfying the relation a2 +p? 0p = 24, then k= @3 w4 1 @2 22. Which of these are the quotient and the remainder when (2x) - 9x + 3x? +12) is divided by (2-02 [cese a5} (a) Quotient = (2x? ~ 7x ~ 4) and remainder = 8 (b) Quotient = (2x? + 7x + 4) and remainder = 16 (©) Quotient = (2x? + 5x - 4) and remainder =8 (@) Quotient = (2x? + 5x + 4) and remainder =16 (a)3.and4 (c)(-3)and 4 23, Which of these is the coefficient of x in the quotient when (x* + x? + x +I) is divided by G9 Icase aey (@)o ®-3 ©5 @1 24, (3a? ~2a? - 9a +17) is divided by (a ~2), What is the coefficient of ain the quotient? (case a8] @-2 ©3 ©-9 ja 25. P(0)is a polynomial in t such that, PO) = (2 + 5t- 14) (2 - 78410)? 421-35) Which of these is the square root of P()? [0Bsé a8) @)C+QC-Ne+D WE-DEe-HG+D. CODE NE-D @U-9E-F0-7) Assertit n-Reason (Q.Nos. 1-10) Directions (Q, Nos. 110) Consist of two statements, Assertion and Reason, Answer these questions selecting ty appropriate option given below. (2) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reasons the correct explanation of Assertion, (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is net ‘the correct explanation of Assertion. (©) Assertion is true but Reason is false. (@) Assertion is false but Reason is true, 1. Assertion (A) Degree of a zero polynomial is na defined. Reason (R) Degree of a non-zero constant polynomial is 0. 2. Assertion (A) (2 ~ 3) is one zero of the quadratic polynomial then other zero will be @+43). Reason (R) Irrational zeroes always occurs in pairs. . Assertion (A) A quadratic polynomial having 4 and 3 as zeroes is x* -7x +12 Reason (R) The quadratic polynomial having cand Bias zeroes is given by PO) =x? (4B) x-+a8. J. Assertion (A) Ife and B are the zeroes of the polynomial x? +2r-15, then 44 1j,2, a p 15 Reason (R) Ifa and are the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial ax? + bx +c, then dop = £. q andap = '. Assertion (A) If one zero of the polynomial P(x) = (K+ 18) x? + 11x + dkis the reciprocal of the other zero, then k= 6. Reason (R) If (x ~ a) and (x - 8) are the factors of the polynomial P(x), then a and Bare the zeroes of PCs). + Assertion (A) If the zeroes of the polynomial £02) = (K? +4) x? + dk + (2 — 9) are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign, then value of k is zero, Reason (R) A quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are a and Bis x? +(a +8) x + of.7, Assertion (A) If m and n are the zeroes of the polynomial 3x? +1 Lx ~ 4, then 12(m? +n?) + 145mm = 0, Reason (R) If a and Bare the zeroes of the H polynomial x? + bx +c, then +2 = 4 42 Bia ae Assertion (A) If one of the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial (k ~ 1) x? + ke + lis then the value of k is 4/3. Reason (R) If -1 is a zero of the polynomial P(x) = kx? - 4x +k, then the value of k is -2. Assertion (A) If one zero of polynomial P(x) = (Kk? + 4) x? +13x + 4kis reciprocal of other, then k=2 Reason (R) If (x ~ 4) is a factor of p(x), then (a) =0, i. a is a zero of p(x). Assertion (A) Ifa, B, y are the zeroes of x3 — 2x? + qx—randa +B =0, then 2g=r. Reason (R) Ifa, B, yare the zeroes of ax? + bx? +ex+d,thena+p+y=—2 a of + By +y0=5; aBy= Case Based Questions (Q.Nos. 1-6) Case 1) In a pool at an aquarium, a dolphin jumps out of the water travelling at 20 cm/s. Its height above water level after ¢s is given by Based on the above information, answer the following questions. (i) Find zeroes of polynomial p(t) = 20t ~ 1617. il) Which of the following types of graph represents p(0)? x height ic ‘height It @). f—t— +X (b) xx —+} O}eattna Ol Se time Yr 1 hoght poor ox sl ox yx. Sh x ORT mine 7S tino Y Y (iii) (@) What would be the value of hat Interpret the result, Or (b) How much distance has the dolphin covered before hitting the water level again? [Case 2] While playing in a garden, Samarira saw a honeycomb and asked her mother, what is that? Her mother replied that it’s a honeycomb made by honey bees to store honey. Also, she told her that the shape of the honeycomb formed is a mathematical strucutre. The mathematical representation of the honeycomb is shown in the graph. y 0.0) wy ¥ Based on the above informatino, answer the following questions. (i) How many zeroes are there for the polynomial represented by the graph given? (ii) Write the zeroes of the polynomial. Case 3)Two friends Reena and Romi during their summer vacations went to Manali. They decided to go for trekking. While trekking they observes that the trekking path is in the shape of parabola.‘The mathematical representation of the track is shown in the graph. Y Based on the above information, anwer the following questions. (i) The zeroes of the polynomial whose graph is given, are (a) -20, 20 (b) -20, 25 (©) -25, 20 (@)-20, 30 (i) What will be the expression of the given polynomial P(x) ? (a) x? - 400 () x? -5x-500 (o) x? +5x-500 @ x? -10x- 600 (ii) For what value of x, the value of the polynomial P(x) = x? — 5x-500 is -200? (a)20 (b)-20 (©) 30 (d) 10 [Case 4] Shown below is the graph of a polynomial of, the form ax? + bx? + cx +d. [CBSE QB) Based on the above information, anwer the following questions. (i Find the zeroes of the polynomial. ii) Find the polynomial. Identify the values of a, b, ¢, and d. (iv) Find the quadratic polynomial xt px+q whose sum of the zeroes is equal to the coefficient dof the polynomial in (il) and the ict of the zeroes is ie produ Case 5] The revenue (in 2) of a firm is represented by aa (x) =5x? + 4x? +7, and the the polynomial R( expenditure (in 8) of the firm is represented by the polynomial E(z) = 3x + 2x ~ 1, where xis thy number of items produced by the firm in a year, Based on the above information, anwer the following questions. essere () Find the profit polynomial P(x). Show your work. (ii) If the firm produces 100 products in a year, find the revenue and profit (in %) for the fira using the polynomials. Show your work. (iii) Tax is calculated on the profit using the polynomial 7(,) = 0.3y +100, where y represents the profit earned. Determine the tax amount (in 2) to be paid on the profit generated from 10 items. Show your work. [Case 6] Shown below is a logo that is made up of te intersecting golden arches, which are parabolic in shape. One such parabola, coinciding with the first arch in the logo, is shown in the graph below. [cBse0! 18 Based on the above information, anwer the following questions. (@ Write an equation to represent the parabolt shown in the graph. Show your work and 9, give valid reasons. (ii) State whether the following statements are true or false. (@) If the zeroes of the parabola, ax? + bx +c =0, coinciding with the second arch in the logo are given byo and 26, then c will be negative. (©) If the logo is shifted so that it is ‘symmetrical about the Y-axis, then the constant term in the equation of the perabola made by the first arch will be Positive, Justify your answers.Subjective Questions (Q.Nos. 1-14) 1 2) is one of the zeroes of the polynomial Sx? 42x ~7. (I/F) Justify your answer. case a5] 2. f(x) =x? +10x +21 Find the zeroes of the above polynomial. Show your work. Let p and qbe zeroes of the polynomial 3x? 4x— 4, Without finding the actual values of p and g, evaluate (1 — p) (1 q). Show your steps. (CBSE 05) 3. 4, The graph of a polynomial passes through (6, 0), (0,-2 and (-1, 0). Write two factors of the polynomial. Justify your answer. 5. p(x)is a polynomial given by ax? ~ 4x +3, | where a is a non-zero real number. One of the zeroes of p(x) is 3 times the other zero. (i) Find the value of a. Show your work. (i) Based on the value of a, what would be the shape of the graph of p(2)? Give a reason for your answer. [case a5) Let p(x) = (x +5)? ~ 7(x - k), where kis a constant. If p(.) is divisible by x, then find the value of k, Show your steps. 2v3x-9 x+i3 ‘Shown below is an expression xe-3. At how many points does the graph of the above expression intersect the X-axis? Show your work. [0BSE.Q5] When a polynomial is divided by 2x — D, the quotient is (3x ~ 2) and the remainder is (x - 3). Find the polynomial. Show your work. [CBSE 8) 9. Anand multiplied a variable with 6, subtracted 27 and added the square of the original variable. He expressed the final expression as a product of 2 factors. His friend, Amit said that the factors will always have a difference of 6. Is Amit right? Show, your | work. [08s 08) ax? + bx +325is a polynomial, where aand bare real numbers. The zeroes of f(x) are distinct prime numbers. Find the () zeroes of f(x). (ii) values of a and b. Show your work and give valid reasons. (CBS a8] 10. Let f(x) 11, State whether the following statement is true or false. Justify your answer. If the graph of a polynomial has exactly 2 zeroes, then the polynomial must be quadratic. CBSE QB} 12. A quadratic polynomial f(x) has two real zeroes that are equal. Adah drew the graph of f(x) as shown below. y Is Adah’s graph correct? Explain your answer. ICSE QB) 13, Aasira multiplied a variable with 4, subtracted 12 and added the square of the original variable. She expressed the final expression as a product of 2 factors. Her friend, Rishi, said that the factors will always have a difference of 8. Is Rishi right? Show your work. 108se 08} 14, g(x) = px? + gx +152is a polynomial, where p and gare real numbers. The zeroes of g(x) are distinct prime numbers. Find the (i) zeroes of g(x). (ii) values of p and g. ‘Show your work and give valid reasons. [CBSE QB)Answers & Explanations Past Year’s Questions Short Answer Type | Questions (Q.No. 1) Then, Let Sand P be respectively the sum and product of 1. Given, 10 expressions are 243,324 7x42, 4x 43042, 0+ VIR+7, 1x4 M758 7x42, 2043-35404 x acsbe tered, set (i) If atleast in one term of an expression, the exponent of a variable is non-positive integer, then that expression is not a polynomial. In the given expressions, x°+ V32?+7, 2243-5 and x+. 4 are not polynomials. Hence, there are three expressions which are not polynomial (i) A polynomial of second degree is said to be quadratic polynomial. Here, 3x7+72+2 is the only quadratic polynomial, Hence, there is only one quadratic polynomial of the given ten expressions. Short Answer Type Il Questions (0.Nos. 1-4) 1 Let fl)=2 15 = f(x)=(x-Vi5)(x+ V5) fea? -b? =(a-b)(a +b) On putting f(x) =0, we get (x-VI5)(x+ V15)=0 = x15 =0 or x+ VIS =0 = x=Vi5 orx=-V15 ‘Thus, the zeroes of given polynomial are a = VIS and B--vis. Verification Here, the sum of zeroes, a += 15 —Vi5 =0 0 __ Coefficient of x 1” Coefficient of x and product of zeroes, ap = V5 x(- 15) =-1 ___Constant term ~ Coefficient of x7 5 So, the relationship between the zeroes and the coefficients is verified. 2. Leta and B be the zeroes of the polynomial f(x) sax + bx te. the zeroes of a polynomial whose zeroes are 2 and! -b Then, and Hence, the required polynomial g(x) is given by g(x) =k? -Sx+ p) on(es ted) ca, where, kis any non-zero constant. On putting k=6, we get exd=crtbxta 3. Leta and Bbe the zeroes of given quadratic polynomial p(x) =27 ~(k+ 6)x + X2k—1). Coefficient of x Coefficient of x7 ~--E +6 Now, sum of zeroes =a. + B=. Product of zeroes = of = Constant term Coefficient of = AD 2k) According to the question, Sum of zeroes = 5 x Product of zeroes = Kea 2(2k-D= + 6=2k-1 = 641=2-k = k=7 Given quadratic polynomial, (2y? -11y - 2) 1 = [21y? (14 ~3)y ~2] fby splitting middle te 1 1 = Hayy? tay +3y~2)=1 yy -2) 4 10y- 1 = glty +1DGy -2)) For finding zeroes, put p(y)=0i) 0] rm) 2) Polynomials & HOy + Dy =21-0 = ay tie or3y-2=0 = yest ory=2 ‘Thus, zeores of given polynomial are 1 2 =-banap=2 aan pandBos: Verifteation Here, the sum of zeroes, Coefficient of x joefficient of x* and product of zeroes, » 2 <2 J __ Constant term 7 * Goelfcient of =? So, the relationship between the zeroes and the coefficients is verified Competency Based Questions Multiple Choice Questions (a.Nos. 1-25) 1. (@) Given quadratic polynomial is 2¢~32-9. Let pla)= 20-32-9227 -(6-3)2-9 = 20 -6x+3x-9= 2xfx-3)4+H(x-3) =(x-3)(2x+3) Thus, to find zeroes of given quadratic polynomi potting. p(x)=0, we get = x-3=0 oF 2e+ k=15 3.) Let px)exP—Sx4 4 (3)=3?-Sx344 PB)=9-15 +4 PG)=-2 Since, ~2is the remainder, Therefore, 2 must be added to p(x)so that 3 will be a zero of the given polynomial, 4. (b) Given zeroes, ~3 and 5 Leta =-3 and. We know that if and are zeroes of a quadratic. number of polynomial, then quadratic polynomial is Kx? -(a+P)x+ap),keR a Mata (o3 + 5) + (-3)(5)}= Mx? ~ 2-15), ER Since, kis any real number, so there will be inf polynomials with zeroes ~3 and 5. = xsl 6 (@) Leta =2andp=-3 Then, the quadratic polynomial will be, PH(a+ pet ab 2-2-3) A3)= 42-6 ‘On comparing this polynomial with x? +(a+1)x +b, wwe get 7, (a) Let Given, ‘p2)=0 = P+3(2)+ = k=-10 8. (c) Given polynomial is 3x*+11x—4. Let Pls) #3224 Le dee? 4126 =3x(x44)—1(x4 4) (x4 4)Gx=1) ‘Thus, to find zeroes of given polynomial, on putting. P(x)=0, we get = x+4=0 of 3x-1=0 = x 1 4 or xet 3 2.The zeroes ofthe polynomial are 4 and 4. 8. (W) Given polynomial is p(s) =2?=3x-m (43) P—(m+3—m) x—m(m+3) [splitting middle term] x2 (m$3)x+ mx=m (+3) [x-(n43)] + mEx-Gn+3)] + m)[x=(r+3)] For finding zeroes, put p(x)=0 (etn) (x= 3))=0 or x=(n13)10. (a) Let a and are the zeroes of quadratic polynomial. +. Sum of zeroes, a +B=-5 and product of zerocs, op=6 Now, required polynomial 2 — (sum of zeroes) x + product of zeroes “Six t6= 37 +5246 [given] M1. (@) Given polynomials are ax7+1 = @ 4x7 4 14x? 328 = 4x8 + 14x -32 x 29803? + 121732 —472x +1232 i) and ~754x4 ~122x9 + 42x + 19924 211 oii) en iv) ‘We know that, degree of polynomial is highest power of 2 Degree of Eq. Degree of Eq. (ii) =6 Degree of Eq. (ii) =3 and degree of equation (iv) =4. Hence, the polynomial ~ x” + 1has the highest degree, 12, (€) Given f(0)=5, f(-1)=10 and f(l)=6 From option (c), f(x)=3x- 2245 ePutx=0, f(0)=3(0)-20)+5=5 Putx==1, f(-1)=3(-1) - A-1)+5=3+2+5=10 , (U)= 341)? ~ 20) + 5=3-245=6 13. (¢) It is clear from the graph that at x=-2x=-Land xa, the value of g(x) are zero. So, on dividing g(x) by (x+1),(x—Mand (x+ 2), the remainder will be zero, 14, (a) Since, the zeroes of the polynomial are 7 and -11. Therefore, they cut the X-axis at x=7 and x=—11. i.e, at the prints (7, 0) and (11,0). 15, (a) It s clear from the graph that both polyriomial e(a)and Hx) intersect the Xaxis at x=-2and x=2 So, standard form Mx)=(x-2){x4 = 4 On dividing idx) by (2—3), the remainder is k So, by remainder theorem, k= 143) From the graph, itis clear that opening of g(x)is more than that of i{2), so we can say I43)> g@). «When g(3)is divided by (x~3), the remainder is less than k 16. (b) Given function of polynomial is’ yrarttbrte and zeros are 2 and ~3 and Put x 7 18. 19. 20. be xeRae-3 ‘Also a >0 so parabola must open upwards. (a) The given polynomial is pla)=— 2x4 80-1 = p(x)=8x?- 2x1 For intersecting the X-axis, ps) On putting p(x) =0, we get 8x?-2e-1=0 By splitting the middle term, we get = 8x2 -4x+2x-1=0 [-2=-44 2and—4x2= = 4x{2e—1) + 12x— = (2e-Dax+ = (2e=1)=0 or (4x+1)=0 1 = xejorxs-4 So,x=Land x= {are the points, where p(3) intersects the X-axis ence, the graph p(=) intersect the positive X-axis t (©) The given polynomial is (x-7). Let f(a)= 32-7) On putting f(x)=0, we get xx-7) = ort-7=0-x=00rx=7 ‘Thus, the zeroes of given polynomial are 0 and 7. (©) Givert polynomial is x7+ 72-412. Let f(x)=x7 47412 By splitting the middle term, we get Fala + 4x4 3412 [-7=443and 4x32 x4 4) + 3x4 4) x4 4x43) On pisiting f(3)=0, we get Hence, the zeroes of polynomial x? +7x+12are-3 and ~4, (©) Given, f(x) = 2 ~ 3k? + 4x—5 (3k) _ 3k 2a Also given, sum of zeroes =6 Sum of the zeroes =.Polynomials 21, (2) Given, «and P are the zeroes of (x)= 2:74 5x+k. = 22, (c) The given polynomial (2x? ~97+ 3x% +12) divided by(e-. n 22454 Hol) De + 342-954 12 a2 pds? 5a “SetSr wae 12 ace 3 Polynomial 2x°-9x+32?+ 12is divided by (x: ‘we get quotient is (21? + 5x4) and remainder is 8, 23. (c) The given polynomial (x! + x°+ x-+1)is divided by (x4), : x345e2 + 20r 481 x-4)xte axel x4 4x3 ae Sate 3 20x? 535200 20x + x 2025 sos t- Sixt i 81x-324 cis 325 ++ Quotient is (x? + 527+ 202+ 81)and remainder is 325, The coefficient of x*in quotient = (04537 + 20x481)=5 Hence, the coefficient of x* in the quotient when (#1 +224 x4) is divided by (x—4)is 5. 24, (d) The given polynomial (34? - 24-94 + 17)is divided by (a~2) s 3a? +4a~1 + Quotient is Ga? + 4a —1)and remainder is 15. The coefficient of a in quotient (3a? + 4a—1)=4 Hence, the coefficient of @ in the quotient when. (Ba? — 2a? — 9a +17) is divided by (a - 2)is 4. 25. (b) The given polynomial is Plt)= (2+ St~14) (2-714 10)(F + 21-35) By splitting the middle terms, we get Pl)=(@ 4 Tt 21-14) (2 ~5t~ 21+ 10) (C4 7t-5t-35) and 7 x(-2)=-14 ~5-2=-7and (-5)x(-2)=10 and (7)x(~5)=-35 =P()=IK+7)- 47) [ee—5)~ Xe -S)I [+7 -5(¢+7)] PC) = [C4 7)(t~ DIE) (t—DIle+ T)(e-$)] =P) = (t+ THE 2-5 For square root of P(1), taking square root on both side, we get = PO =fe+ 0-E-5F - = PO=(+ 0-2-5) Hence, the square root of P(t) is (¢+7) (t= 2)(¢-5). 10) J (b) We know that, the constant polynomial 0 is called zero polynomial and degree of a zero polynomial is not defined. Also, degree of a non-zero constant, polynomial is zero, 2, (a) We know that irrational zeroes always occurs in pairs. Therefore if (2-1/3) is one zero of quadratic Polynomial, then other zero will be (2+ 03) 3 @)Let a= 48=3 Then, @+P=443=7 andap=4x3=12 «Required polynomial is 7 -(a+P)x+oB=x?-7x4124. (a) Let f(x) = 37 4 20-15 Then, at p= =-2and ap =-15 Now, 441.248 =2 2 a*p7 op “=15 15 5. (b) Given, P(x) =(k+18)x + 11x + 4k Letaand 4 be the zeroes. Then, product of zeros =< = 14k 4k a kei k+18 = kt 18a 4k = 3k=1B = k=6 (©) Given polynomial (a) =(2 + 4) 22 + Ake (EO -9) Let zeroes be « and ~ ‘Then, sum of zeroes ‘ocificient of x* (4k) Bea = O=4k=k=0 (©) Let polynomial P(x) 232 + x= 42322 + 12-4 =Gx-D(x+ 4) = atCa)= 7 [be3x-1s0 x24 x4 4205x=-4] 3 Now, 12(m? +n?) + 145mm 1 1 w12(E+16)+145(J)o 14144) 1454 of 58)-8 Thus, 12(en? + n?)+ 145m =0 Given,a,P are the zeroes of the polynomial x? + bx + Then, band op =£ +B? _(a +BY ~ 2a Now, oo by _,fe Je, € ae So, reason is false. B. (b) Let ((x)=(k-1) x7 + kt =3 is a zero of f(x), then f(-3)=0 = (ke I)(-3 + K-3) +150 9k-9 3k +150 =96k=8 4 5 kad Assertion is correct. Now, Wa) =ket = 4+ ie 1 isa zero of p(.), then pl-1)=0 = K-IF=4-D+k = ke athe +. Reason is correct But reason is not correct explanation for assertion, (b) Given, P(x) =(H + 4) x2 + 13+ 4k 2. Let zeroes of polynomial areaand 2. Then, produet of zeroes a __ Ak a a Bea) B44 = sk=2 10, (a) Let f(x)=2° -20+ ger Then, = a+ Bey=-h Par = O+y=2 =sy=2and apy=-£ = )=op=5 daap at = ce =qat i 5+ 1e+B=95+yO)=9 oe ger fr a+B =0 (giver Case Based Questions (2.Nos. 1-6) i (i) p() = 201-16 For zeroes, wQ=0 201-167 =0 = 45-41) =0 => 41=00r5~4. = 120,12 0,028 +: Zeroes of are O and 5. 5 (i (a) Because 0 and 5 are zeroes of polynomial So, parabola will intersect the X-axis at x =O Also, coefficient of is negative, so it will be a downward facing parabola.Polynomials ‘a ae Gi) @) Ate=5, PO) = 201-16 = Height =6 cm Negative denote graph is below the X-axis. (b) Distance = Speed x Time =20x3 1S cm, 2. (i) The zeroes of a polynomial are precisely the coordinate of the points, where the graph intersects the X-axis, Here, the graph cuts the X-axis at two points, Therefore, there are 2 zeroes for the polynomial represented by the given graph. (i) The graph cuts the X-axis at 7 and~7. Thus, 7 and “7 are the zeroes of the polynomial. (©) The graph intersect the X-axis at two points, 20,2225. So, ~20, 25 are the zeroes of polynomial. | ii) () Polynomial P(x) =(x+ 20)(x~25) = x7~25x4 20x~20x25 =x2-5x-500 Gill) (@) We have, P(x) = x? -5x-500 Now, -200 =x?7-Sx-500 = 2? -5x-300=0 = 7 4+15x-20x-300=0 > (x+15)(x-20)=0 = x=20 orx=-15 Thus, at x=20, P(2) 4. Given, ax? + bx? + xt d 200 a7, Let f(x) = ax? + bx? + ox+d @ (i) The graph of f(x)cuts the X-axis at three points 1, 0and 2. Therefore, zeroes of polynomial ax’ + bx? + ox+d are-1, 0 and 2. (ii) Zeroes of polynomial are 0, —1and 2. Therefore, the polynomial is =(2-0)(x+1)(x-2) = x64 1)(2-2) = Ax? 2-2) = Pa Pa2e oil) (iil) Comparing the values of a,b, and d in Eqs. (i) and (ii) a=Lb=-1c=-2d=0 (iv) Given, polynomial x? + px+q Let f(s)=x2+ prt g ‘Sum of zeroes of polynomial = -p=d (rd =0)... (ii) = ~P=O=pn0 and product of zeroes 4 [e-p=2]--c 16 a. On putting the values of p and q in f(2), we get 5. (i) Given, the revenue of a firm R(x) =5234 4x2 +7 and Expenditure of the firm E(x) =3x" + 2x—1 Uwhere, x= number of items produced by the firm in a year] Profit of the firm P(x)= Revenue of firm Expenditure of firm = P(a)= R(x) Ela) = Pla)= (Gx? + 4x7 +7)-Gx+ 2x1) = Pla)= (28+ 42-2048) (ii) Ifthe firm produces 100 product in a year Revenue made by the firm form 100 products, R(100) =5(100)° + (100)? +7 = RUO0)=5x10% + 4x10" +7 = R{t00)=% 5040007 Profit made by the firm from 100 products, P(L00) = 2x(100)* + 4(100)*- 2100 +8 = P(100)=% 2039808 Hence, the revenue and profit made by the firm are € 5040007 and % 2039808 respectively.(di) +> Tax is calculated on the profit. ‘Tax Ty) =03y +100 [where, y represents the profit earned] TQ) =03(2x + 4x7 — 2x + 8) +100 Tax to be paid on the profit generated from 10 items is T(0)=1 3[2x (10) + 4 x(10)? =2x10 +8]+100 = T(0)=0.3 [2000 + 400-20 +8]+100 = T(10) =716.4 +100 => TH0)=%8164 Hence, the tax to be paid on the profit generated from 10 items is 7 816.4. 6. (i) Given parabola shown in the graph intersect the X-axis at 0 and 8. So, 0 and 8 are the zeroes of the quadratic equation which represent the parabola. ‘Also, it is downward, so quadratic equation will be of the form - ax? + bx+c=0. Now, sum of zeroes =~ Za = o+8-bb=80 and product of zeroes == = 0 Let a=, then b=8 =Required quadratic equation is =? 48x40) or ax 48x (ii) (a) Zeroes of parabola ax*+ bx+¢=0 are gand 20. Then, product of zeroes = (0)(20) = Gi) Since, parabola in the graph is downward, so coefficient of x? will be negative. So, a must be negative so that it satisfies Eq. () Hence, given statement is true. () If logo is shifted so that itis symmetrical about Y-axis, then zeroes of the equation of parabola are 0 and 8. = ‘Then, product of zeroes == = e=0 So, given statement is false. ‘Subjective Questions (2.Nos. 1-14) 4. The given polynomial is 5x? + 2¢~7. Let f(x)=5a? + 2x-7 ue(-2)is one ofthe eres ofthe polynomial 5x24 2-7, then at x 2 the value f(z) becomes , aoe ‘Therefore, (- 2) is not the zero of polynomial Sx¢+2e-7. 2. Given, f(a)= 2410+ 21 By splitting the middle term, we get f(a 4 7243x421 (7 +3=10and7x3=2 = f(a) =+7)43 (247) 7 f(x) =(247)(x4+3) On putting f(x)=0, we get G4 7G43) > (#7)=0 or(x43)=0 = xe-Torx=-3 ‘Thus, the zeroes of given polynomial are ~3 and -7 3. Given, p and q are the zeroes of polynomial Bits 4x4, “4 ~4 +q=—tand p.ge ptq= and pq=3 Now, (I= p)(l=a) ~(p+ a+ Pg =I Hence, the value of (1- p)(1~4) is 1. Given the polynomial passes through (6, 0), (,-2 and 1.0). ge Therefore, the polynomial intersects the X-axis at x=6andx=-1 Hence, the two factors of the polynomial passing trough (6,0), (0,—2)and (1, 0) are x Band, +1): 4Polynomials 5. Given, p(x)=ax*~ 4x43, Uwhere, a is a non-zero real number] Let the zeroes of p(x) be m and rt, ce m=3n given] ... Gi) @) Sum of the zeroes of roots of p(x) is men=() [ae = Sntn=4 [com Eq. (i) = anak 1 = neat oii) a Product of the roots of p(x)is a) > Snead from Eq. (0) = antad 2 | a i; 2 [from Eq. (i)] = ana = @-a=0 a=0 ora=1 Since, a can not be 0 Therefore, the value of ais 1. i) On putting the value of a in polynomial p(x), we get PO)=P 4x43 Since, P(x) is a quadratic polynomial. So, the shape of graph of P(x) will be parabola. 8. Given, p(x) =(x+5)*-7(2-), where kis constant = pla)=x?+10x4 28-724 7k = P(x)= 22 + 3x4Th+ 25 On dividing P(x) by x, we get POs) 24 3x4 7h-+ 25 Remainder =7k+ 25 (x)is divisible by x. Remainder =0 > Tk+25=0 = Tk=-25 10. 2 23x-9 Given, = xe VB ee = M5e~9 let faye a2 By splitting the middle term of numerator, we get Maat = Nix+ x-9 xed fla) = 482 3N5) + B(x-3V3) ae ie x43 = (e+ V3) (x-3V3) a i Grey = (x — 33) On putting f(s)=0, we get 2-33 =0 > x=3V3 Hence, the graph of above expression, (x—3y3), intersects the X-axis at exactly one point i.e. (3V3,0). Given, Divisor = (2x1) Quotient = (3x~2) Remainder =(x—3) Let the dividend or polynomial be f(x). We know that ividend = Divisor x Quotient + Remainder 2x —1) (3x—2)+ (x-3) (6x7-3x-4x+2)+(x-3) > [()=62 ~7x+2)+(x-3) = f(z) = -6x-1) Hence, the polynomial is (62 — 6x -1). Let Anand has a variable x. He multiplied by 6 and then substracted 27. Now, the variable =6x~27 and he also added the square of original variable. Now, final expression =6x~ 27 + 2 Let f(x)=6x-2742 = f(s) =22 + 6x-27 By splitting the middle term, we get > (@)= 22 +9x-3x-27 = 2) = X49) -3x4+9) = F()=(249)(x-3) Factors of f(x) =(x+9)and (x-3) Difference between the factors (x49) ~(x-3)=9-(-3)=12 statement is wrong. 2 + be + 325, Therefore, Ami Given, f(x) (where aand b are real numbers] Let the zeroes of f(x)be a and 8.The product of zeroes of quadratie polynomial = & a 325 a Prime factorisation of 325 =5 x5 x13 () ¥ Zoroes of f(x) are distinet prime numbers, + Zeroes of f(x) =5 and 13 325 a-p=328 Cae = 5x13 = 325 @ = an328 6 = ass The sum of roots of quadratic polynomial = @ a fed = =18x5 = b=-90 Hence, the values of a and b are 5 and ~90, respectively. 1. Ifthe graph of a polynomial has exactly 2 zeroes, then the polynomial must be quadratic, This statement is false because a graph with exactly 2 zeroes need not be a quadratic polynomial. 2°(x—1) has two zeroes 0 and 1 For example x°~ x but itis cubic polynomial. 12. Adah's graph is not correct, because a quadratic polynomial having real and equal zeroes, intersect the X-axis at/a unique point. 13, Let the varlable be x. ‘Then, according to the question, Expression = 4x-124 27 ext den? a+ 6x—2x-12 = a(x46)-Hx46) Difference between factors = 2~' So, Rishi is right. 14, (i) Given, g(x) = px? + get 152 where, pand gare real numbers. ‘Then, product of zeroes = S - Also, given that zeroes of g(2) are prime number so possible zeroes of g(x) from Eq. (i) are 2 and| (since both are prime numbers). (ii) We have, g(x) = px? + gx +152 Now, from Eq. (i), 2x19= 2x19