Statistics practice problems :

Ranging from basic to

advanced

1. Descriptive Statistics
1. Calculate the mean, median, and mode of the following data set: [4, 8, 15,
16, 23, 42].

2. Find the range, variance, and standard deviation for the data set: [10, 12, 13,
16, 18, 22].

3. Given a frequency distribution, calculate the mean and standard deviation.

4. Construct a box plot for the data set [3, 7, 8, 5, 12, 14, 21, 13, 18].

5. Interpret the skewness and kurtosis of a given data set.

6. Calculate the interquartile range (IQR) of the data: [6, 7, 8, 15, 18, 22, 24,
26].

7. Find the z-score for a value of 70 in a distribution with a mean of 60 and

standard deviation of 5.

8. Given a histogram, identify the mode and median.

9. Calculate the 95th percentile of the data: [55, 48, 71, 90, 61, 72, 80, 65].

10. Construct a stem-and-leaf plot for the given data.

2. Probability
1. What is the probability of rolling a sum of 7 with two dice?

2. A bag contains 4 red, 3 blue, and 5 green balls. What is the probability of
drawing a red or a green ball?

3. What is the probability of drawing two aces from a deck of cards (without
replacement)?

4. In a group of 10 people, what is the probability that two people share the
same birthday?

Statistics practice problems : Ranging from basic to advanced 1

 5. A coin is flipped 3 times. What is the probability of getting exactly two
heads?

6. Find the probability of drawing a heart or a queen from a deck of 52 cards.

7. Two dice are rolled. What is the probability of rolling a 4 or 5 on the first die
and an even number on the second die?

8. If a student answers 5 multiple-choice questions randomly (each with 4

options), what is the probability of getting exactly 3 correct answers?

9. A factory has 3 machines. Machine A produces 30% of the items, B

produces 50%, and C produces 20%. If an item is selected at random and
found to be defective, what is the probability it was produced by Machine B
(given B produces 2% defective items, A 3%, and C 1%)?

10. What is the probability of drawing 2 red cards and 1 black card from a deck
of cards (with replacement)?

3. Probability Distributions
1. Find the probability that a normally distributed random variable X with mean
50 and standard deviation 5 takes a value between 45 and 55.

2. A binomial random variable X has a probability of success of 0.4 in 6 trials.

Find P(X = 3).

3. For a Poisson-distributed variable with a mean of 4, find P(X = 2).

4. Find the expected value and variance of a binomial distribution with n = 10

and p = 0.3.

5. A random variable X follows a geometric distribution with a probability of

success 0.2. Find P(X = 3).

6. Calculate the mean and variance of an exponential distribution with a rate

parameter λ = 2.

7. Find the cumulative probability of a standard normal distribution up to z =

1.96.

8. In a Poisson distribution with λ = 5, find the probability that X ≥ 3.

9. Given a normal distribution with a mean of 100 and standard deviation of 15,
find the probability of X being between 85 and 115.

Statistics practice problems : Ranging from basic to advanced 2

 10. A continuous uniform distribution is defined on the interval [0, 10]. Find P(X
< 3).

4. Hypothesis Testing
1. Conduct a one-sample t-test to determine if the mean score of a sample is
significantly different from 50 (given sample data).

2. Perform a two-sample t-test to compare the means of two independent

samples.

3. Conduct a paired t-test for before-and-after treatment data.

4. Test whether a coin is fair using a hypothesis test.

5. Conduct a chi-square goodness-of-fit test to determine if a die is fair (given

observed frequencies).

6. Perform a chi-square test of independence for a given contingency table.

7. Conduct an ANOVA test to determine if there are significant differences

between three groups' means.

8. Test the correlation coefficient between two variables for significance.

9. Perform a Wilcoxon rank-sum test for two independent samples.

10. Conduct a test for the variance of a population using the chi-square
distribution.

5. Regression Analysis
1. Fit a linear regression model to the given data set and interpret the slope
and intercept.

2. Calculate the coefficient of determination (R²) for a linear regression model.

3. Conduct a hypothesis test on the slope of the regression line.

4. Perform multiple regression analysis on a data set with more than one
predictor variable.

5. Given a logistic regression model, interpret the coefficients and predict the
probability of an event.

6. Calculate the residuals for a fitted linear regression model and check for
heteroscedasticity.

Statistics practice problems : Ranging from basic to advanced 3

 7. Test for multicollinearity using the Variance Inflation Factor (VIF).

8. Conduct polynomial regression for a quadratic relationship between the

variables.

9. Use stepwise regression to select significant variables for a predictive

model.

10. Perform ridge regression to handle multicollinearity in a linear regression

model.

6. ANOVA and Chi-Square

1. Perform a one-way ANOVA to test for differences among the means of
three groups.

2. Conduct a two-way ANOVA to test the effects of two factors on a response

variable.

3. Perform a Kruskal-Wallis test for non-parametric ANOVA.

4. Conduct a chi-square test for independence between two categorical

variables.

5. Use a chi-square goodness-of-fit test to see if a distribution follows a

normal distribution.

6. Test the homogeneity of variances using Levene's test in ANOVA.

7. Perform a Friedman test to analyze differences in rankings among multiple

groups.

8. Conduct a Cochran's Q test for binary outcomes across multiple groups.

7. Time Series Analysis

1. Plot the autocorrelation function (ACF) for a time series data set and
interpret the lags.

2. Perform a decomposition of a time series into trend, seasonality, and

residual components.

3. Fit an ARIMA model to a time series data set and interpret the parameters.

4. Test for stationarity using the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test.

5. Calculate and plot the moving average of a time series.

Statistics practice problems : Ranging from basic to advanced 4

 6. Fit an exponential smoothing model to a time series and make predictions.

7. Use seasonal decomposition of time series (STL) for forecasting.

8. Perform a Ljung-Box test to check for autocorrelation in a time series.

9. Forecast future values using the Holt-Winters method.

10. Conduct a Durbin-Watson test for autocorrelation in residuals.

8. Advanced Topics
1. Apply the central limit theorem to a problem involving sample means.

2. Perform a Bayesian analysis for a problem involving prior and posterior

probabilities.

3. Derive the likelihood function for a binomial distribution and perform

Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE).

4. Use the Bootstrap method to estimate the confidence interval for a sample
mean.

5. Conduct a Monte Carlo simulation to estimate the probability of a certain

outcome.

6. Apply the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method for a problem
involving Bayesian inference.

7. Use principal component analysis (PCA) for dimensionality reduction in a

high-dimensional data set.

8. Perform a cluster analysis (e.g., K-means clustering) on a data set and

interpret the results.

9. Use logistic regression to classify binary outcomes.

10. Perform a survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier estimator.

11. Conduct a Cox proportional hazards model for survival data.

12. Apply the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test to compare two distributions.

9. Sampling and Confidence Intervals

1. Find the confidence interval for the mean of a normal population with
known variance.

2. Construct a 95% confidence interval for a population proportion.

Statistics practice problems : Ranging from basic to advanced 5

 3. Calculate the sample size required for estimating a mean with a margin of
error of 2.

4. Use stratified sampling to estimate the mean of a population.

5. Construct a confidence interval for the difference between two population

means.

6. Perform cluster sampling on a given population.

7. Determine the confidence interval for a binomial proportion.

8. Calculate the confidence interval for the variance of a normal population.

9. Estimate the confidence interval for a population mean using a bootstrap

method.

10. Use systematic sampling to collect a sample from a population.

10. Non-Parametric Tests

1. Conduct a Mann-Whitney U test to compare two independent samples.

2. Perform a Spearman rank correlation test for two variables.

3. Use the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for testing the goodness-of-fit.

4. Perform a Wilcoxon signed-rank test for paired samples.

5. Conduct a Shapiro-Wilk test for normality of the data.

6. Apply the Kruskal-Wallis test for comparing more than two groups.

7. Perform a rank correlation test using Kendall's

Tau.
98. Conduct a sign test for matched pairs.
99. Perform a Friedman test for repeated measures.
100. Use the Smirnov test for comparing two empirical distributions.

11. Data Analysis and Interpretation

1. Analyze a given data set and choose the appropriate statistical test.

2. Interpret the p-value and confidence interval from a t-test.

3. Explain the meaning of statistical power and its implications for hypothesis
testing.

Statistics practice problems : Ranging from basic to advanced 6

 4. Interpret the output of a multiple regression analysis.

5. Analyze a contingency table and perform a chi-square test of

independence.

These problems will give a broad and deep understanding of statistics, from
foundational concepts to advanced analysis.

Statistics practice problems : Ranging from basic to advanced 7