18-10-2024

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

UNIT 2

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

1
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Regression Modelling
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Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Regression Models
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•
•
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Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

2
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Simple Linear Regression

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•
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Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Simple Linear Regression

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

3
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Simple Linear Regression

σ(𝑥𝑖 −𝑥)(𝑦
ҧ ത
𝑖 −𝑦)
• σ(𝑥𝑖 −𝑥)ҧ 2
𝑥𝑖 , 𝑦𝑖
𝑥,ҧ 𝑦ത

• 𝑎 = 𝑦ത − 𝑏𝑥ҧ

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Simple Linear Regression

•
𝑅2

2
𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠 (𝑠𝑦2ො )
𝑅 =
𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑜𝑏𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑒𝑑 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠 (𝑆𝑦2 )

σ(𝑥𝑖 −𝑥)ҧ 2
𝑉𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑆 2 = 𝑛−1

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

4
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Multiple Linear Regression

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•
•
₁ ₁ ₂ ₂ ₙ ₙ

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Multiple Linear Regression

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

5
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Non-Linear Regression
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Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Non-Linear Regression

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

6
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Logistic Regression
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•
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Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Logistic Regression

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

7
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Multivariate Analysis
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Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Multivariate Analysis

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Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

8
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Multivariate Analysis

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Multivariate Analysis

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

9
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Multivariate Analysis

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Multivariate Analysis

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

10
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Multivariate Analysis

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Multivariate Analysis

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

11
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Bayesian Learning
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Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Bayes’ Theorem
•

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

12
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Bayes’ Theorem
P B A P(A)
P AB =
P(B)

P E H P(H)
P HE =
P(E)

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Bayes’ Theorem
P EH
P HE = P(H)
P E
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•
•

•
𝑃(𝐸|𝐻)
•
𝑃(𝐸)

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

13
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Bayes’ Theorem Example

•

4 1
52
= 13
12 3
=
52 13

𝑃 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝐾𝑖𝑛𝑔) 1 13
= = 3/13 =
𝑃(𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑒) 3

1
3

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Bayesian Network
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Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

14
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Bayesian Network
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Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Bayesian Network

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

15
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Bayesian Network

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•

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Support Vectors
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Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

16
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Support Vectors
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Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Support Vectors

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

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SVM Types
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Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

SVM Kernel
•

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

18
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SVM Kernel

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

SVM Kernel

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

19
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SVM Kernel

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

SVM Kernel

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

20
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SVM Kernals

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

SVM Kernels

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

21
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SVM Kernels

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•

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

SVM Kernels

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

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SVM Kernels

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Time Series Data

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Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

23
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Time Series Analysis

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Time Series Analysis

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

24
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Time Series Analysis

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Importance of TSA

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Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

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Components of TSA

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Secular Trend

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

26
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Seasonal Variation

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Cyclical Variation

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

27
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Irregular Variation

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Components

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

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Linear Time Series

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Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Non-Linear Time Series

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Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

29
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Rule Induction
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Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Rule Induction

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Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

30
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Rule Induction

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Neural Network
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Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

31
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Neural Network
•

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Neural Network

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

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Neural Network (Perceptron)

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Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Neural Network (Perceptron)

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•
•
•
•
Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

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Neural Network (Perceptron)

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Neural Network (Perceptron)

•

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

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Neural Network (Perceptron)

•

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Neural Network (Perceptron)

•

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

35
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Neural Network (Perceptron Example)

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Neural Network (Perceptron Example)

= 0.53

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

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Neural Network (Perceptron Example)

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Neural Network (Generalization)

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

37
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Neural Network (Generalization)

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Neural Network (Generalization)

•

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

38
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Competitive Learning
•

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Competitive Learning
•

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

39
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Competitive Learning

𝑥 𝑝 − 𝑐𝑖′ ≤ 𝑥 𝑝 − 𝑐𝑖

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Competitive Learning

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

40
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Competitive Learning

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Principle Component Analysis

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Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

41
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Principle Component Analysis

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Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Principle Component Analysis

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

42
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Principle Component Analysis

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Principle Component Analysis

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•

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

43
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Benefits of Dimensionality Reduction

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Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Fuzzy Logic
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Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

44
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Fuzzy Logic

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Fuzzy Logic
•

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

45
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Fuzzy Logic Architecture

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Fuzzy Logic Architecture

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

46
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Fuzzy Logic Architecture

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•
•
•
•
Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Fuzzy Logic Architecture

•

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

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Membership Function
•

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Membership Function
•

µ𝐴 𝑥 : 𝑋՜[1,0]

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

48
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Membership Function

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Types of Membership Function

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

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Fuzzy Set
•

𝐴ሚ = 𝑥, µ𝐴෨ 𝑥 𝑥 ϵ 𝑋}

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

Fuzzy Set Operation

𝜇𝐴∪𝐵 𝑋 = max(𝜇𝐴 𝑋 , 𝜇𝐵 𝑋 )

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

50
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Fuzzy Set Operation

𝜇𝐴 𝑋 = 1 −(𝜇𝐴 𝑋

Data Analysis KCS052 [UNIT-2]

51