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Microcontrollers Lab

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20 views4 pages

Microcontrollers Lab

Uploaded by

destinycircle2020
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MICROCONTROLLERS LAB

Soumya Lakshmi R
1. What is meant by microcontroller?
A microcontroller is a compact integrated circuit designed to govern a specific operation in an
embedded system. It contains a processor, memory (RAM/ROM), and programmable I/O
peripherals.
2. What is meant by accumulator?
The accumulator is a register used to store intermediate results during arithmetic and logical
operations performed by the ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit).
3. What are segment Registers?
Segment registers are used to access specific segments of memory in systems that use
segmented memory architecture, such as the 8086 microcontroller. 8051 does not have these
registers.
4. What is the use of SI Register?
SI (Source Index) register is used to hold the address of the source data in string operations. It
is used in microprocessors like the 8086, but not in the 8051 microcontroller.
5. What is the use of XCHG instruction?
XCHG is an instruction used to exchange the contents of the accumulator with another
register or memory location.
6. What is the use of CX Register? What is the use of JNZ instruction?
The CX register is typically used as a counter in loop operations.
The JNZ (Jump if Not Zero) instruction is used to transfer control to a specified address if the
result of a previous operation is non-zero.
7. What are the ports of 8051?
The 8051 has 4 ports:
o Port 0: 8-bit bidirectional I/O port.
o Port 1: 8-bit bidirectional I/O port.
o Port 2: 8-bit bidirectional I/O port.
o Port 3: 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with additional functions like interrupts, serial I/O,
etc.
8. What is the use of DJNZ instruction?
DJNZ (Decrement and Jump if Not Zero) decrements the content of a register and jumps to a
specified address if the result is not zero.
9. What are the bit manipulation instructions of 8051?
The bit manipulation instructions include:
o SETB: Set a bit to 1.
o CLR: Clear a bit (set to 0).
o CPL: Complement a bit.
o MOV bit, C: Move carry flag to bit.
10. What are the flags of 8051?
The flags of the 8051 are:
o Carry Flag (CY)
o Auxiliary Carry Flag (AC)
o Overflow Flag (OV)
o Parity Flag (P)
o General Purpose Flag (F0)
11. What are timer/counter registers in 8051?
The 8051 has two 16-bit Timer/Counter registers, Timer 0 and Timer 1, used for timing and
counting operations.
12. What is the size of timer/Counter?
Both timers/counters in the 8051 are 16-bit registers.
13. When does timer overflow occur?
Timer overflow occurs when the timer register increments beyond its maximum count (from
0xFFFF to 0x0000), triggering an overflow flag.
14. What are special functions registers of 8051?
Special Function Registers (SFRs) include:
o Accumulator (ACC)
o B Register
o Program Status Word (PSW)
o Stack Pointer (SP)
o Data Pointer (DPTR)
o Timer registers (TH0, TL0, TH1, TL1)
15. What are the interrupts of 8051?
The 8051 supports five interrupts:
o Timer 0 interrupt
o Timer 1 interrupt
o External interrupt 0 (INT0)
o External interrupt 1 (INT1)
o Serial communication interrupt
16. What is the Priority among 8051 interrupts?
Interrupt priority can be set using the Interrupt Priority Register (IP). By default, external
interrupt 0 has the highest priority.
17. What are the interrupt registers of 8051?
The interrupt registers are IE (Interrupt Enable) and IP (Interrupt Priority).
18. What is the size of the interrupt registers of 8051?
Both IE and IP registers are 8 bits.
19. What is the full form of UART?
UART stands for Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter.
20. What is meant by Synchronous and Asynchronous communication?
o Synchronous communication: Data is transmitted with a clock signal.
o Asynchronous communication: Data is transmitted without a clock signal, relying on
start and stop bits.
21. What is the serial communication register in 8051?
The serial communication registers in the 8051 are SBUF (Serial Buffer) and SCON (Serial
Control Register).
22. Which data communication method is supported by 8051?
The 8051 supports asynchronous serial communication using the UART.
23. What are the special function registers of 8051?
Key SFRs include ACC, B, PSW, SP, DPTR, SBUF, SCON, TCON, and TMOD.
24. How many pins are available for 8051?
The 8051 has 40 pins.
25. What is the function of the SP register?
The Stack Pointer (SP) holds the address of the top of the stack and is used to track stack
operations such as push and pop.

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