Scribd
Upload
11 views3 pages

Exp 6

Uploaded by

Devendra P. Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
11 views3 pages

Exp 6

Uploaded by

Devendra P. Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

EXPERIMENT NO.

6
Design and Drawing of Helical Spring
OBJECTIVE: Design and draw a valve spring of a petrol engine for the following operating
conditions:
 Spring load when the valve is open = 400 N
 Spring load when the valve is closed = 250 N
 Maximum inside diameter of spring = 25 mm
 Length of the spring when the valve is open= 40 mm
 Length of the spring when the valve is closed= 50 mm

THEORY:
The helical springs are made up of a wire coiled in the form of a helix and is primarily intended
for compressive or tensile loads. The cross-section of the wire from which the spring is made
may be circular, square or rectangular. The two forms of helical springs are compression helical
spring and tension helical spring.
The helical springs are said to be closely coiled when the spring wire is coiled so close that the
plane containing each turn is nearly at right angles to the axis of the helix and the wire is
subjected to torsion. In other words, in a closely coiled helical spring, the helix angle is very
small, it is usually less than 10°. The major stresses produced in helical springs are shear
stresses due to twisting. The load applied is parallel to or along the axis of the spring.
In open coiled helical springs, the spring wire is coiled in such a way that there is a gap between
the two consecutive turns, as a result of which the helix angle is large. Since the application of
open coiled helical springs are limited, therefore our discussion shall confine to closely coiled
helical springs only.

Fig. 1 Compression helical spring nomenclature


Advantages
The helical springs have the following advantages:
(a) These are easy to manufacture.
(b) These are available in wide range.
(c) These are reliable.
(d) These have constant spring rate.
(e) Their performance can be predicted more accurately.
(f) Their characteristics can be varied by changing dimensions
Material for Helical Springs
 The material of the spring should have high fatigue strength, high ductility, high
resilience and it should be creep resistant. It largely depends upon the service for which
they are used.
 The springs are mostly made from oil-tempered carbon steel wires containing 0.60 to
0.70 per cent carbon and 0.60 to 1.0 per cent manganese. Music wire is used for small
springs.
 The helical springs are either cold formed or hot formed depending upon the size of the
wire. Wires of small sizes (less than 10 mm diameter) are usually wound cold whereas
larger size wires are wound hot. The strength of the wires varies with size, smaller size
wires have greater strength and less ductility, due to the greater degree of cold working.
Stresses in Helical Springs of Circular Wire
When a helical compression spring made of circular wire and subjected to an axial load, the
following stresses will act on the wire:
 Torsional shear stress induced in the wire due to the twisting moment (T)
 Direct shear stress due to the Axial load, and
 Stress due to curvature of wire
DESIGN PROCEDURE:
1. Select Suitable material and factor of safety.
2. Calculate permissible shear stress.
3. Calculate wire diameter of spring using torque and standardised it using data book.
4. Calculate the diameter of the spring wire by taking Wahl’s stress factor (K) into
consideration and standardised it using data book.
5. Taking larger of the two values.
6. Calculate outer diameter of spring coil.
7. Calculate active and total number of turns of the coil.
8. Calculate free and solid length of the spring.
9. Calculate pitch of the coil

RESULT:
Wire diameter of spring is:
Mean coil diameter of spring is:
Outer diameter of spring coil is:

CONCLUSION:
Draw the spring on the basis of above calculated parameters.

You might also like