MATH 101 ENGINEERING

MATHEMATICS
Dr. Şafak NESLİ
e-mail: [email protected]
Room: 808
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 INTRODUCTION
Course Objective: The basic objective of Calculus is to relate small-
scale (differential) quantities to large-scale (integrated) quantities.
This is accomplished by means of the Fundamental Theorem of
Calculus.

Students should demonstrate an understanding of the integral as a

cumulative sum, of the derivative as a rate of change, and of the
inverse relationship between integration and differentiation.

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 INTRODUCTION
Learning Outcomes:
1. Use both the definition of derivative as a limit and the rules of
differentiation to differentiate functions.
2. Sketch the graph of a function using asymptotes, critical points,
and the derivative test for increasing/decreasing and concavity
properties.
3. Set up max/min problems and use differentiation to solve them.
4. Set up related rates problems and use differentiation to solve them.
5. Evaluate integrals by using the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus.

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 INTRODUCTION
Learning Outcomes:
6. Apply integration to compute areas and volumes by slicing,
volumes of revolution, arclength, and surface areas of revolution.
7. Evaluate integrals using techniques of integration, such as
substitution, inverse substitution, partial fractions and integration by
parts.
8. Set up and solve first order differential equations using separation
of variables.
9. Use L'Hôpital's rule.
10. Determine convergence/divergence of improper integrals, and
evaluate convergent improper integrals.
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 INTRODUCTION
Textbook(s)/References/Materials: G.B Thomas, J. Hass,
M.D.Weir, C. Heil, Thomas' Calculus, 14th Edition, (Pearson
Global Edition)

R.A. Adams, Calculus: A complete course 8-th revised ed. ,

Prentice Hall, 2013.

J. Stewart, Calculus, Metric Version, Eighth Edition, 2016,

Cengage Learning
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INTRODUCTION
Course Outline:
Examination dates should be specified in the course content given below. The examination dates can
be changed later.
Weeks Topics Weeks Topics Weeks Topics
Functions of a Midterm Integration and
1 7 12
Single Variable Exam Applications
Limit and Derivatives and Transcendental
2 8 13
Continuity Applications Functions
Limit and Integration
3 9 Integration 14
Continuity techniques
L’Hopital’s
4 Derivatives 10 Integration 15
Rule
Integration and
5 Derivatives 11 16 Final Exam
Applications
Derivatives and
6
Applications
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 INTRODUCTION
Total
Activities Number Time(h)
Workload
Course hours (Including exam week:
16 4 64
16 x total weekly course hours)
Out-of-class study time 16 3 48
Preparation time for Midterm Exams 1 15 15
Preparation time for Final Exam 1 20 20
Total Workload 147

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 𝑭𝒖𝒏𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔, 𝒇 (𝒙)

Limits and
Continuity

CALCULUS - 1 Derivatives

Integrals

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 FUNCTIONS
Functions are a tool for describing the real world in mathematical terms. A
function can be represented by an equation, a graph, a numerical table, or
a verbal description.

In each case, the value of one variable quantity, say y, depends on the value
of another variable quantity, which we might call x.

We say that “y is a function of x” and write this symbolically as

ƒ Function
y = ƒ(x) (“y equals ƒ of x”).
x Independent Variable
y Dependent Variable
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 FUNCTIONS; Domain and Range
Definition: A function ƒ from a set D to a set Y is a rule that assigns a unique
(single) element ƒ(x) ∈ Y to each element x ∈ D.

The set D of all possible input values is called the domain of the function.

The set of all output values of f(x) as x varies throughout D is called range.

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 FUNCTIONS; Domain and Range
A function ƒ is like a machine that produces an output value ƒ(x) in its range
whenever we feed it an input value x from its domain.

x f f(x)
Input Output
(Domain) (Range)

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FUNCTIONS; Domain and Range
Function Domain (x) Range (y)
𝑦 = 𝑥2 (-∞,∞) [0,∞)
𝑦 = 1/𝑥 (-∞,0) U (0,∞) (-∞,0) U (0,∞)
𝑦= 𝑥 [0,∞) [0,∞)
𝑦 = 4−𝑥 (-∞,4] [0,∞)
𝑦= 1 − 𝑥2 [-1,1] [0,1]

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 FUNCTIONS; Graphs of Functions
If ƒ is a function with domain D, its
graph consists of the points in the
Cartesian plane whose coordinates are
the input-output pairs for ƒ.

The graph of the function ƒ(x) = x + 2

is the set of points with coordinates
(x, y) for which y = x + 2. 2

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 FUNCTIONS; Verticle Line Test
Not every curve in the coordinate plane can be the graph of a function.

A function ƒ can have only one value ƒ(x) for each x in its domain, so no
vertical line can intersect the graph of a function more than once.

If a is in the domain of the function ƒ, then the vertical line x = a will

intersect the graph of ƒ at the single point (a, ƒ(a)).

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FUNCTIONS; Verticle Line Test

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FUNCTIONS;
Piecewise-Defined Functions
Sometimes a function is described in
pieces by using different formulas on
different parts of its domain. One
example is the absolute value function
𝑥, 𝑥≥0
𝑥 =ቊ
−𝑥, 𝑥<0

The right-hand side of the equation

means that the function equals x, if x ≥
0, and equals -x if x < 0.
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FUNCTIONS;
Increasing and Decreasing Functions

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 Even Functions and Odd Functions:
Symmetry

The graph of an even function is

symmetric about the y-axis.
The graph of an odd function is
symmetric about the origin.

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 FUNCTIONS; Common Functions
Linear Functions: A function of the form ƒ(x) = mx + b, for constants m
and b, is called a linear function.
ƒ(x) = mx + b Linear Function

Iƒ m = 1 and b = 0 ; f (x) = x Identity Function

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FUNCTIONS; Common Functions
Constant Functions: A constant function is a function whose value (output)
is the same for every input.

ƒ(x) = 8

ƒ(x) = 4.2

ƒ(x) = -3.6

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FUNCTIONS; Common Functions
Power Functions: A function ƒ(x) = 𝑥 𝑎 , where a is a constant, is called a
power function.

Notice that as the power n gets larger, the curves tend to flatten toward the
x-axis.

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FUNCTIONS; Common Functions
For; a = -1 or a = -2;

The graphs of the functions

ƒ(x) = 𝒙−𝟏 = 1/x and

g(x) = 𝒙−𝟐 = 1/ 𝒙𝟐 are shown
in the Figures.

Both functions are defined for

all x ≠ 0 (you can never
divide by zero).
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FUNCTIONS; Common Functions
A function p is a polynomial if;

p(x) = 𝒂𝒏 𝒙𝒏 + 𝒂𝒏−𝟏 𝒙𝒏−𝟏 + ⋯ + 𝒂𝟏 𝒙 + 𝒂𝟎

where n is a nonnegative integer and the numbers 𝒂𝟎 , 𝒂𝟏 , 𝒂𝟐 … 𝒂𝒏 an are real

constants (called the coefficients of the polynomial).

n is called the degree of the polynomial. (If 𝒂𝒏 ≠0)

p(x) = 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 → Quadratic functions (n=2)

Likewise, cubic functions (n=3) are polynomials p(x) = 𝒂𝒙𝟑 + 𝒃𝒙𝟐 + 𝒄𝒙 + 𝒅

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FUNCTIONS; Common Functions
A function p is a polynomial if;

p(x) = 𝒂𝒏 𝒙𝒏 + 𝒂𝒏−𝟏 𝒙𝒏−𝟏 + ⋯ + 𝒂𝟏 𝒙 + 𝒂𝟎

where n is a nonnegative integer and the numbers 𝒂𝟎 , 𝒂𝟏 , 𝒂𝟐 … 𝒂𝒏 an are real

constants (called the coefficients of the polynomial).

n is called the degree of the polynomial. (If 𝒂𝒏 ≠0)

p(x) = 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 → Quadratic functions (n=2)

Likewise, cubic functions (n=3) are polynomials p(x) = 𝒂𝒙𝟑 + 𝒃𝒙𝟐 + 𝒄𝒙 + 𝒅

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FUNCTIONS; Common Functions

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FUNCTIONS; Common Functions
Rational Functions : A rational function is a quotient or ratio
ƒ(x) = p(x) / q(x), where p and q are polynomials. ( q(x) ≠0 )

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FUNCTIONS; Common Functions
There are several important cases to consider;

• Algebraic Functions → ƒ(x) =𝒙(𝟏 − 𝒙)𝟐/𝟓

• Trigonometric Functions → ƒ(x) = sinx

• Logarithmic Functions → ƒ(x) = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒂 𝒙

• Exponential Functions → ƒ(x) = 𝒂𝒙

•
• Transcendental Functions
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