Which of the foto wing phases of the cell cycle is characterised by the replication of DNA? : (1) G, phase (2) S phase G) M phase (4) G, Phase DNA and centriole duplication takes place during a specific phase of cell cycle only i.e., S-phase. Since, the DNA synthesis occur in this phase, Pane Phase, the phase itself is named as Therefore, option (2) is the correct answer, Which is the longest phase of cell eycle? (1) Interphase (2) M-Phase (3) Interkinesis (4) S-Phase The cell spends most of its time in continuous cell growth (in terms of occur. Normal growth activities and takes place. ‘Therefore, option (1) is the correct answer. During which stage of meiosis, the crossing over occurs? (1) Prophase- (2) Metaphase-I1 (3) Anaphase-1 (4) Prophase-II Crossing over or recombination occur durin i 1 pachytene phase of Prophase-I of meiosis-1 a Interphase where cytoplasm increment) DNA duplication also Therefore, option (1) is the correct answer. Meiosis results in the production (1) Aneuploid cell (2) Polyploid cell (3) Haploid cell (4) Diploid cett Meiosis occur in diploid cells and since it is reductional division, it will result in formation of 4 haploid cells. Therefore, option (3) is the correct answer. ‘Two equatorial plates are formed during which phase of cell cycle (1) Metaphase-II (2) Metaphase-I (3) M-phase (4) Metaphase of Mitosis In Metaphase-I, two metaphasic or equatorial plates are formed, Only one plate is formed at equator during ‘metaphase of mitosis and Metaphase-II of Meiosis. Therefore, option (2) is the correct answer. Which of the following cells in an adult animal do not appear to exhibit division? ‘Cycle and Celt Division (1) Bone marrow cells 2) Cells of lining of gut 3) Hear cells (4) Allthe above Sol. In an adult animal, heart cells do not appear to divide, “Therefore, option (3) isthe correct answer. 7. InG phase of cell division, (1). RNA and proteins are synthesised for cell growth (@) DNA aiad proteins are synthesised (3) Formation of RNA and DNA continues for spindle formation and cell growth (4) Cell undergoes duplication Sol. The G, phase is the time between mitosis and the start of DNA replication. Enzymes, proteins, RNA, nucleotides, and other molecules are synthesised at this stage. ‘Therefore, option (1) is the correct answer. 8. G, phase is not associated with (2) synthesis of proteins (2) synthesis of tubulin proteins for spindle (3) DNA synthesis (4) none of these, Sol. DNA synthesis or replication takes place during S-phase of interphase ‘Therefore, option (3) is the correct answer. 9. Which ofthe following proteinaceous components of the cell cytoplasm help in the initiation of the assembly of mitotic spindle? (1) Microtubules (3) Centromeres (2) Microbodies (4) Kinetochores Sol. Microtubules, which are proteinaceous components of the cytoplasm, aid in the commencement of mitotic spindle construction. ‘Therefore, option (1) isthe correct answer. 10, Which of the events listed below is not observed during mitosis? (1) Chromatin condensation (2), Movement of centrioles to opposite poles (3) Appearance of chromosomes with two chromatids joined together at the centromere (4) Crossing over Sol. Crossing over is a hallmark aspect of meiotic cell division and is the event of genetic exchange between homologous pairs of chromosomes. It doesn’t happen during mitosis Therefore, option (4) is the correct answerWhat ix the requirement of, ‘equational division in meiosis? i) Crossing over (2) Segregation of replicated chromosomes (3) Equal distribution of haploid chromosomes (4) Both (1) and (3) Equational division in meiosis ensures separation of the two identical sister chromatids, which make up a replicated chromosome, into two separate daughter cells. Therefore, option (2) is the correct answer. The complex formed by pair of synapsed homologous chromosome is known as (1) Bivalent (2) Axorieme (3) Kinetochore 14) Equatoriat plaice Bivalent ned during the zygotene stage of meiosis |. Bivalent is formed due te the pairing of homologous shromosomes. Pherefore, option (1) is the correct answer. During gamete formation. the enzyme recombinase sarticipates during (2) Anaphase-I! (4) Prophase-It (1) Metaphase-f (3) Prophase-I Sol, Recombinase enzyme is responsible for crossing ove; i} pachytene stage of prophase-f Therefore, option (3) is the correct answer. 14. During meiosis-I pairing of chromosomes start at (J) Pachytene (2) Zygotene (3) Diptotene (4) leptotene Sol, Pairing of homologous chromosomes start at the zygoters| stage of meiosis-I. Therefore, option (2) is the correct answer. 15. How many bivalents will form in the zygotene stage, if the! number of chromosomes is 30 at G, stage? (1) 30 (2) 15 @) 45 (4) 60 Sol. If the number of chromosomes is 30 at the G1 stage, that means there are 30/2 = 15 pairs of homologous chromosomes, In zygotene, each pair of homologous chromosomes forms| one bivalent. So, there will be 15 bivalents that form ae the zygotene stage in this case. Therefore, option (2) is the correct answer.