Name: ________________________ Class: ___________________ Date: __________ ID: A

ch2

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. Based on the pattern, what are the next two terms of the sequence?
9, 15, 21, 27, . . .
a. 33, 972 b. 39, 45 c. 162, 972 d. 33, 39

____ 2. Based on the pattern, what are the next two terms of the sequence?
5 5 5 5
5, , , , ,...
3 9 27 81
5 5 5 5
a. , c. ,
84 246 243 246
5 5 5 5
b. , d. ,
243 729 84 87

____ 3. Based on the pattern, what is the next figure in the sequence?

a. b. c. d.

1
Name: ________________________ ID: A

____ 4. What conjecture can you make about the fifteenth figure in this pattern?

a. The fifteenth figure in the pattern is .

b. The fifteenth figure in the pattern is .

c. The fifteenth figure in the pattern is .

d. There is not enough information.

____ 5. What conjecture can you make about the fourteenth term in the pattern A, B, A, C, A, B, A, C?
a. The fourteenth term is B. c. The fourteenth term is A.
b. The fourteenth term is C. d. There is not enough information.

____ 6. What conjecture can you make about the sum of the first 10 positive even numbers?
2 = 2 = 12
2+4 = 6 = 23
2+4+6 = 12 = 3  4
2+4+6+8 = 20 = 4  5
2 + 4 + 6 + 8 + 10 = 30 = 5  6

a. The sum is 9  10. c. The sum is 11  12.

b. The sum is 10  10. d. The sum is 10  11.

____ 7. What conjecture can you make about the product of 13 and 8,888,888?
13  88 = 1144
13  888 = 11,544
13  8888 = 115,544
13  88,888 = 1,155,544

a. 115,555,544 c. 1,155,555,544
b. 1,115,555,444 d. 11,155,555,444

2
Name: ________________________ ID: A

____ 8. Alfred is practicing typing. The first time he tested himself, he could type 23 words per minute. After
practicing for a week, he could type 26 words per minute. After two weeks he could type 29 words per
minute. Based on this pattern, predict how fast Alfred will be able to type after 4 weeks of practice.
a. 39 words per minute c. 35 words per minute
b. 29 words per minute d. 32 words per minute

____ 9. Laisha’s Internet Services designs web sites and recently began a weekly advertising campaign. Laisha
noticed an increase in her customers over a period of five consecutive weeks. Based on the pattern shown
in the graph, make a conjecture about the number of customers Laisha will have in the seventh week.

a. Laisha will have 7 customers. c. Laisha will have 11 customers.

b. Laisha will have 9 customers. d. Laisha will have 13 customers.

____ 10. What is a counterexample for the conjecture?

Conjecture: The product of two positive numbers is greater than the sum of the two numbers.
a. 3 and 5
b. 2 and 2
c. A counterexample exists, but it is not shown above.
d. There is no counterexample. The conjecture is true.

____ 11. What is a counterexample for the conjecture?

Conjecture: Any number that is divisible by 4 is also divisible by 8.
a. 24 b. 40 c. 12 d. 26

____ 12. What is the conclusion of the following conditional?

A number is divisible by 3 if the sum of the digits of the number is divisible by 3.
a. The number is odd.
b. The sum of the digits of the number is divisible by 3.
c. If the sum of the digits of a number is divisible by 3, then the number is divisible by 3.
d. The number is divisible by 3.

____ 13. Identify the hypothesis and conclusion of this conditional statement:
If two lines intersect at right angles, then the two lines are perpendicular.
a. Hypothesis: The two lines are perpendicular.
Conclusion: Two lines intersect at right angles.
b. Hypothesis: Two lines intersect at right angles.
Conclusion: The two lines are perpendicular.
c. Hypothesis: The two lines are not perpendicular.
Conclusion: Two lines intersect at right angles.
d. Hypothesis: Two lines intersect at right angles.
Conclusion: The two lines are not perpendicular.

3
Name: ________________________ ID: A

____ 14. Which choice shows a true conditional, with the hypothesis and conclusion identified correctly?
a. Yesterday was Monday if tomorrow is Thursday.
Hypothesis: Tomorrow is Thursday.
Conclusion: Yesterday was Monday.
b. If tomorrow is Thursday, then yesterday was Tuesday.
Hypothesis: Yesterday was Tuesday.
Conclusion: Tomorrow is not Thursday.
c. If tomorrow is Thursday, then yesterday was Tuesday.
Hypothesis: Yesterday was Tuesday.
Conclusion: Tomorrow is Thursday.
d. Yesterday was Tuesday if tomorrow is Thursday.
Hypothesis: Tomorrow is Thursday.
Conclusion: Yesterday was Tuesday.

____ 15. Another name for an if-then statement is a ____. Every conditional has two parts. The part following if is
the ____ , and the part following then is the ____.
a. conditional; conclusion; hypothesis c. conditional; hypothesis; conclusion
b. hypothesis; conclusion; conditional d. hypothesis; conditional; conclusion

____ 16. Write this statement as a conditional in if-then form:

All triangles have three sides.
a. If a triangle has three sides, then all triangles have three sides.
b. If a figure has three sides, then it is not a triangle.
c. If a figure is a triangle, then all triangles have three sides.
d. If a figure is a triangle, then it has three sides.

____ 17. A conditional can have a ____ of true or false.

a. hypothesis c. counterexample
b. truth value d. conclusion

____ 18. Which statement is a counterexample for the following conditional?

If you live in Springfield, then you live in Illinois.
a. Sara Lucas lives in Springfield.
b. Jonah Lincoln lives in Springfield, Illinois.
c. Billy Jones lives in Chicago, Illinois.
d. Erin Naismith lives in Springfield, Massachusetts.

____ 19. What is the converse of the following conditional?

If a point is in the first quadrant, then its coordinates are positive.
a. If a point is in the first quadrant, then its coordinates are positive.
b. If a point is not in the first quadrant, then the coordinates of the point are not positive.
c. If the coordinates of a point are positive, then the point is in the first quadrant.
d. If the coordinates of a point are not positive, then the point is not in the first quadrant.

____ 20. Which conditional has the same truth value as its converse?
a. If x = 7, then x   7.
b. If a figure is a square, then it has four sides.
c. If x – 17 = 4, then x = 21.
d. If an angle has a measure of 80, then it is acute.

4
Name: ________________________ ID: A

____ 21. For the following true conditional statement, write the converse. If the converse is also true, combine the
statements as a biconditional.
If x = 3, then x2 = 9.
a. If x2 = 9, then x = 3. True; x2 = 9 if and only if x = 3.
b. If x2 = 3, then x = 9. False
c. If x2 = 9, then x = 3. True; x = 3 if and only if x2 = 9.
d. If x2 = 9, then x = 3. False

____ 22. When a conditional and its converse are true, you can combine them as a true ____.
a. counterexample c. unconditional
b. biconditional d. hypothesis

____ 23. Determine whether the conditional and its converse are both true. If both are true, combine them as a
biconditional. If either is false, give a counterexample.
If an angle is a right angle, its measure is 90.
If an angle measure is 90, the angle is a right angle.
a. One statement is false. If an angle measure is 90, the angle may be a vertical angle.
b. One statement is false. If an angle is a right angle, its measure may be 180.
c. Both statements are true. An angle is a right angle if (and only if) its measure is 90.
d. Both statements are true. The measure of angle is 90 if (and only if) it is not a right
angle.

____ 24. Write the two conditional statements that make up the following biconditional.
I drink juice if (and only if) it is breakfast time.
a. I drink juice if (and only if) it is breakfast time.
It is breakfast time if (and only if) I drink juice.
b. If I drink juice, then it is breakfast time.
If it is breakfast time, then I drink juice.
c. If I drink juice, then it is breakfast time.
I drink juice only if it is breakfast time.
d. I drink juice.
It is breakfast time.

____ 25. Is the following definition of perpendicular reversible? If yes, write it as a true biconditional.
Two lines that intersect at right angles are perpendicular.
a. The statement is not reversible.
b. Yes; if two lines intersect at right angles, then they are perpendicular.
c. Yes; if two lines are perpendicular, then they intersect at right angles.
d. Yes; two lines intersect at right angles if (and only if) they are perpendicular.

____ 26. Is the statement a good definition? If not, find a counterexample.

A square is a figure with two pairs of parallel sides and four right angles.
a. The statement is a good definition.
b. No; a rhombus is a counterexample.
c. No; a rectangle is a counterexample.
d. No; a parallelogram is a counterexample.

____ 27. One way to show that a statement is NOT a good definition is to find a ____.
a. converse c. biconditional
b. conditional d. counterexample

5
Name: ________________________ ID: A

____ 28. Which statement provides a counterexample to the following faulty definition?
A square is a figure with four congruent sides.
a. A six-sided figure can have four sides congruent.
b. Some triangles have all sides congruent.
c. A square has four congruent angles.
d. A rectangle has four sides.

____ 29. Which biconditional is NOT a good definition?

a. A whole number is odd if and only if the number is not divisible by 2.
b. An angle is straight if and only if its measure is 180.
c. A whole number is even if and only if it is divisible by 2.
d. A ray is a bisector of an angle if and only if it splits the angle into two angles.

____ 30. Which statement is the Law of Detachment?

a. If p  q is a true statement and q is true, then p is true.
b. If p  q is a true statement and q is true, then q  p is true.
c. If p  q and q  r are true, then p  r is a true statement.
d. If p  q is a true statement and p is true, then q is true.

____ 31. If possible, use the Law of Detachment to draw a conclusion from the two given statements. If not
possible, write not possible.
Statement 1: If x = 3, then 3x – 4 = 5.
Statement 2: x = 3
a. 3x – 4 = 5 c. If 3x – 4 = 5, then x = 3.
b. x = 3 d. not possible

____ 32. Use the Law of Detachment to draw a conclusion from the two given statements.
If two angles are congruent, then they have equal measures.
P and Q are congruent.
a. mP + mQ = 90 c. P is the complement of Q.
b. mP = mQ d. mP  mQ

____ 33. Use the Law of Detachment to draw a conclusion from the two given statements. If not possible, write not
possible.
I can go to the concert if I can afford to buy a ticket.
I can go to the concert.
a. I can afford to buy a ticket.
b. I cannot afford to buy the ticket.
c. If I can go to the concert, I can afford the ticket.
d. not possible

____ 34. Use the Law of Syllogism to draw a conclusion from the two given statements.
If you exercise regularly, then you have a healthy body.
If you have a healthy body, then you have more energy.
a. You have more energy.
b. If you do not have more energy, then you do not exercise regularly.
c. If you exercise regularly, then you have more energy.
d. You have a healthy body.

6
Name: ________________________ ID: A

____ 35. Which statement is the Law of Syllogism?

a. If p  q is a true statement and p is true, then q is true.
b. If p  q is a true statement and q is true, then p is true.
c. If p  q and q  r are true statements, then p  r is a true statement.
d. If p  q and q  r are true statements, then r  p is a true statement.

____ 36. Use the Law of Syllogism to draw a conclusion from the two given statements.
If two lines intersect and form right angles, then the lines are perpendicular.
If two lines are perpendicular, then they intersect and form 90° angles.
a. The lines intersect and form 90° angles.
b. If two lines do not intersect and form 90° angles, then they do not form right angles.
c. The lines are perpendicular.
d. If two lines intersect and form right angles, then they intersect and form 90° angles.

____ 37. Use the Law of Detachment and the Law of Syllogism to draw a conclusion from the three given
statements.
If it is Friday night, then there is a football game.
If there is a football game, then Josef is wearing his school colors.
It is Friday night.
a. Josef is wearing his school colors.
b. There is a football game.
c. If it is Friday night, then Josef is wearing his school colors.
d. If it is not Friday night, then Josef is not wearing his school colors.

____ 38. Use the Law of Detachment and the Law of Syllogism to draw a conclusion from the three given
statements.
If an elephant weighs more than 2000 pounds, then it weighs more than Jill’s car.
If something weighs more than Jill’s car, then it is too heavy for the bridge.
Smiley the elephant weighs 2150 pounds.
a. Smiley is too heavy for the bridge.
b. Smiley weighs more than Jill’s car.
c. If Smiley weighs more than 2000 pounds, then Smiley is too heavy for the bridge.
d. If Smiley weighs more than Jill’s car, then Smiley is too heavy for the bridge.

7
Name: ________________________ ID: A

____ 39. What is the value of x? Identify the missing justifications.

mPQR  x  7, mSQR  x  3, and mPQS  100.

mPQR  mSQR  mPQS a. __________

x + 7 + x + 3 = 100 b. Substitution Property
2x + 10 = 100 c. Simplify
2x = 90 d. __________
x = 45 e. Division Property of Equality

a. Angle Addition Postulate; Addition Property of Equality

b. Angle Addition Postulate; Subtraction Property of Equality
c. Protractor Postulate; Addition Property of Equality
d. Protractor Postulate; Subtraction Property of Equality

____ 40. BD bisects ABC. mABC = 7x. mABD = 3x  25. Find mDBC.
a. 50 b. 125 c. 75 d. 175

____ 41. Name the Property of Equality that justifies this statement:
If p = q, then p  r  q  r.
a. Reflexive Property c. Symmetric Property
b. Multiplication Property d. Subtraction Property

____ 42. Which statement is an example of the Addition Property of Equality?

a. If p = q then p  s  q  s. c. If p = q then p  s  q  s.
b. If p = q then p  s  q  s. d. p = q

Use the given property to complete the statement.

____ 43. Transitive Property of Congruence

If CD  EF and EF  GH , then ______.
a. EF  GH c. CD  GH
b. EF  EF d. CD  EF

____ 44. Multiplication Property of Equality

If 6x  8  40, then ______.
a. 6x  8  320 c. 6x  320
b. 40  6x  8 d. 40  6x  8

____ 45. Substitution Property of Equality

If y  3 and 8x  y  12 , then ______.
a. 8(3)  y  12 c. 8x  3  12
b. 3  y  12 d. 8x  3  12

8
Name: ________________________ ID: A

____ 46. Name the Property of Congruence that justifies the statement:
If XY  WX , then WX  XY .
a. Symmetric Property c. Reflexive Property
b. Transitive Property d. none of these

____ 47. Name the Property of Congruence that justifies this statement:
If A  B and B  C, then A  C .
a. Transitive Property c. Reflexive Property
b. Symmetric Property d. none of these

____ 48. Complete the two-column proof.

Given: 11x  6y  1; x  8
89
Prove: y
6
11x  6y  1; x  8 a. ________
88  6y  1 b. ________
6y  89 c. ________
89
y d. ________
6
89
y e. ________
6
a. a. Given c. a. Given
b. Symmetric Property of Equality b. Substitution Property
c. Subtraction Property of Equality c. Subtraction Property of Equality
d. Division Property of Equality d. Division Property of Equality
e. Reflexive Property of Equality e. Reflexive Property of Equality
b. a. Given d. a. Given
b. Substitution Property b. Substitution Property
c. Subtraction Property of Equality c. Subtraction Property of Equality
d. Division Property of Equality d. Addition Property of Equality
e. Symmetric Property of Equality e. Symmetric Property of Equality

9
Name: ________________________ ID: A

____ 49. Complete the two-column proof.

x
Given:  2  15
6
Prove: x  78
x
 2  15 a. ________
6
x
 13 b. ________
6
x  78 c. ________
a. a. Given c. a. Given
b. Addition Property of Equality b. Addition Property of Equality
c. Division Property of Equality c. Multiplication Property of Equality
b. a. Given d. a. Given
b. Subtraction Property of Equality b. Subtraction Property of Equality
c. Multiplication Property of Equality c. Division Property of Equality

____ 50. What is the value of x?

a. –19 b. 125 c. 19 d. 55

____ 51. What is the value of x?

a. 63 b. 53 c. 159 d. 43

10
Name: ________________________ ID: A

____ 52. m3  37. Find m1.

a. 37 b. 143 c. 27 d. 153

____ 53. Find the values of x and y.

a. x = 15, y = 17 c. x = 68, y = 112

b. x = 112, y = 68 d. x = 17, y = 15

____ 54. What is the converse and the truth value of the converse of the following conditional?
If an angle is a right angle, then its measure is 90.
a. If an angle is not a right angle, then its measure is 90.
False
b. If an angle is not a right angle, then its measure is not 90.
True
c. If an angle has a measure of 90, then it is a right angle.
False
d. If an angle has a measure of 90, then it is a right angle.
True

Short Answer

55. Is the following conditional true or false? If it is true, explain why. If it is false, give a counterexample.
If it is snowing in Dallas, Texas, then it is snowing in the United States.

56. Write the converse of the statement. If the converse is true, write true; if not true, provide a
counterexample.

If x = 4, then x2 = 16.

11
Name: ________________________ ID: A

57. Write the converse of the given true conditional and decide whether the converse is true or false. If the
converse is true, combine it with the conditional to form a true biconditional. If the converse is false, give
a counterexample.

If the probability that an event will occur is 0, then the event is impossible to occur.

58. For the given statements below, write the first statement as a conditional in if-then form. Then, if
possible, use the Law of Detachment to draw a conclusion from the two given statements. If not possible,
write not possible. Explain.

A straight angle has a measure of 180.

Z is a straight angle.

59. What is the value of x? Identify the missing justifications.

mAOC  150

mAOB  mBOC  mAOC a. ____

2x  6(x  3)  150 b. ____
2x  6x  18  150 c. ____
8x  18  150 d. ____
8x  168 e. ____
x  21 f. ____

60. Solve for x. Justify each step.

4x  9  99

12
Name: ________________________ ID: A

61. What is the value of x? Justify each step.

AC  32

AB  BC  AC a. ____
2x  6x  8  32 b. ____
8x  8  32 c. ____
8x  24 d. ____
x  3 e. ____

62. Complete the paragraph proof.

Given: 1 and 2 are supplementary, and 2 and 3 are supplementary.
Prove: 1  3

By the definition of supplementary angles, m1  m2  _____ (a) and m2  m3  _____ (b). Then
m1  m2  m2  m3 by _____ (c). Subtract m2 from each side. You get m1  _____ (d), or
1  _____ (e).

13
Name: ________________________ ID: A

Essay

63. Assume that the following statements are true.

i. If Cecil makes his bed, then it is morning.
ii. If it is 8 p.m., then Tami brushes her teeth.
iii. If it is morning, then Ted listens to the radio.
iv. If it is afternoon, then Jeanette takes her daily swim.
v. Cecil makes his bed.
For each statement below, write must be true, may be true, or not true. Use only the information given
above. Explain your answers.
a. Ted listens to the radio.
b. Tami does not brush her teeth.
c. Jeanette takes her daily swim.

64. Complete the two-column proof.

Given: 1  2, m1  130
Prove: m3  130

Drawing not to scale

1  2, m1  130 a. _____

m2  130 b. _____
m2  m3 c. _____
m3  130 d. _____

14
Name: ________________________ ID: A

65. Given: 1 and 2 are complementary, and 2 and 3 are complementary.

Prove: 1  3

66. Given: 1 and 2 are supplementary, and 1  3.

Prove: 3 and 2 are supplementary.

Other

67. a. Write the following conditional in if-then form.

b. Write its converse in if-then form.
c. Determine the truth value of the original conditional and its converse. Explain why each of them is true
or false, and provide a counterexample(s) for any false statement(s).

On a number line, the points with coordinates –2 and 5 are seven units apart.

68. Write the two conditional statements that form the given biconditional. Then decide whether the
biconditional is a good definition. Explain.

Three points are collinear if and only if they are coplanar.

69. Write a two-column proof.

Given: 7y  8x  14; y  6
Prove: x  7

15
Name: ________________________ ID: A

70. Give a convincing argument that the following statement is true.

If two angles are congruent and complementary, then the measure of each is 45.

16
 ID: A

ch2
Answer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L3

REF: 2-1 Patterns and Inductive Reasoning
OBJ: 2-1.1 Use inductive reasoning to make conjectures NAT: G.5.a
TOP: 2-1 Problem 1 Finding and Using a Pattern KEY: pattern | inductive reasoning
DOK: DOK 2
2. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L3
REF: 2-1 Patterns and Inductive Reasoning
OBJ: 2-1.1 Use inductive reasoning to make conjectures NAT: G.5.a
TOP: 2-1 Problem 1 Finding and Using a Pattern KEY: pattern | inductive reasoning
DOK: DOK 2
3. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L2
REF: 2-1 Patterns and Inductive Reasoning
OBJ: 2-1.1 Use inductive reasoning to make conjectures NAT: G.5.a
TOP: 2-1 Problem 1 Finding and Using a Pattern KEY: pattern | inductive reasoning
DOK: DOK 2
4. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L2
REF: 2-1 Patterns and Inductive Reasoning
OBJ: 2-1.1 Use inductive reasoning to make conjectures NAT: G.5.a
TOP: 2-1 Problem 2 Using Inductive Reasoning KEY: inductive reasoning | pattern
DOK: DOK 2
5. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L3
REF: 2-1 Patterns and Inductive Reasoning
OBJ: 2-1.1 Use inductive reasoning to make conjectures NAT: G.5.a
TOP: 2-1 Problem 2 Using Inductive Reasoning KEY: inductive reasoning | pattern
DOK: DOK 2
6. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L3
REF: 2-1 Patterns and Inductive Reasoning
OBJ: 2-1.1 Use inductive reasoning to make conjectures NAT: G.5.a
TOP: 2-1 Problem 3 Collecting Information to Make a Conjecture
KEY: inductive reasoning | pattern | conjecture DOK: DOK 2
7. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L3
REF: 2-1 Patterns and Inductive Reasoning
OBJ: 2-1.1 Use inductive reasoning to make conjectures NAT: G.5.a
TOP: 2-1 Problem 3 Collecting Information to Make a Conjecture
KEY: pattern | inductive reasoning | conjecture DOK: DOK 2
8. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L3
REF: 2-1 Patterns and Inductive Reasoning
OBJ: 2-1.1 Use inductive reasoning to make conjectures NAT: G.5.a
TOP: 2-1 Problem 4 Making a Prediction
KEY: conjecture | inductive reasoning | word problem | problem solving
DOK: DOK 2

1
 ID: A

9. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L3

REF: 2-1 Patterns and Inductive Reasoning
OBJ: 2-1.1 Use inductive reasoning to make conjectures NAT: G.5.a
TOP: 2-1 Problem 4 Making a Prediction
KEY: conjecture | inductive reasoning | pattern | word problem | problem solving
DOK: DOK 2
10. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L3
REF: 2-1 Patterns and Inductive Reasoning
OBJ: 2-1.1 Use inductive reasoning to make conjectures NAT: G.5.a
TOP: 2-1 Problem 5 Finding a Counterexample KEY: counterexample | conjecture
DOK: DOK 2
11. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L2
REF: 2-1 Patterns and Inductive Reasoning
OBJ: 2-1.1 Use inductive reasoning to make conjectures NAT: G.5.a
TOP: 2-1 Problem 5 Finding a Counterexample KEY: conjecture | counterexample
DOK: DOK 2
12. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-2 Conditional Statements
OBJ: 2-2.1 Recognize conditional statements and their parts NAT: G.5.a
TOP: 2-2 Problem 1 Identifying the Hypothesis and the Conclusion
KEY: conditional statement | conclusion DOK: DOK 2
13. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-2 Conditional Statements
OBJ: 2-2.1 Recognize conditional statements and their parts NAT: G.5.a
TOP: 2-2 Problem 1 Identifying the Hypothesis and the Conclusion
KEY: conditional statement | hypothesis | conclusion DOK: DOK 2
14. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-2 Conditional Statements
OBJ: 2-2.1 Recognize conditional statements and their parts NAT: G.5.a
TOP: 2-2 Problem 1 Identifying the Hypothesis and the Conclusion
KEY: conditional statement | truth value | hypothesis | conclusion
DOK: DOK 2
15. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: 2-2 Conditional Statements
OBJ: 2-2.1 Recognize conditional statements and their parts NAT: G.5.a
TOP: 2-2 Problem 1 Identifying the Hypothesis and the Conclusion
KEY: conditional statement | hypothesis | conclusion DOK: DOK 1
16. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: 2-2 Conditional Statements
OBJ: 2-2.1 Recognize conditional statements and their parts NAT: G.5.a
TOP: 2-2 Problem 2 Writing a Conditional
KEY: hypothesis | conclusion | conditional statement DOK: DOK 2
17. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-2 Conditional Statements
OBJ: 2-2.1 Recognize conditional statements and their parts NAT: G.5.a
TOP: 2-2 Problem 3 Finding the Truth Value of a Conditional KEY: conditional statement | truth
value
DOK: DOK 1
18. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-2 Conditional Statements
OBJ: 2-2.1 Recognize conditional statements and their parts NAT: G.5.a
TOP: 2-2 Problem 3 Finding the Truth Value of a Conditional
KEY: conditional statement | counterexample DOK: DOK 2
19. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: 2-2 Conditional Statements
OBJ: 2-2.2 Write converses, inverses, and contrapositives of conditionals
TOP: 2-2 Problem 4 Writing and Finding Truth Values of Statements
KEY: conditional statement | converse of a conditional DOK: DOK 2

2
 ID: A

20. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-2 Conditional Statements

OBJ: 2-2.2 Write converses, inverses, and contrapositives of conditionals
TOP: 2-2 Problem 4 Writing and Finding Truth Values of Statements
KEY: conditional statement | converse of a conditional | truth value
DOK: DOK 2
21. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-3 Biconditionals and
Definitions
OBJ: 2-3.1 Write biconditionals and recognize good definitions
NAT: G.1.c TOP: 2-3 Problem 1 Writing a Biconditional
KEY: conditional statement | converse of a conditional | biconditional statement
DOK: DOK 2
22. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: 2-3 Biconditionals and
Definitions
OBJ: 2-3.1 Write biconditionals and recognize good definitions
NAT: G.1.c TOP: 2-3 Problem 1 Writing a Biconditional
KEY: conditional statement | biconditional statement DOK: DOK 1
23. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: 2-3 Biconditionals and
Definitions
OBJ: 2-3.1 Write biconditionals and recognize good definitions
NAT: G.1.c TOP: 2-3 Problem 1 Writing a Biconditional
KEY: conditional statement | converse of a conditional | biconditional statement | counterexample
DOK: DOK 2
24. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-3 Biconditionals and
Definitions
OBJ: 2-3.1 Write biconditionals and recognize good definitions
NAT: G.1.c TOP: 2-3 Problem 2 Identifying the Conditionals in a Biconditional
KEY: biconditional statement | conditional statement DOK: DOK 2
25. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-3 Biconditionals and
Definitions
OBJ: 2-3.1 Write biconditionals and recognize good definitions
NAT: G.1.c TOP: 2-3 Problem 3 Writing a Definition as a Biconditional
KEY: biconditional statement DOK: DOK 2
26. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-3 Biconditionals and
Definitions
OBJ: 2-3.1 Write biconditionals and recognize good definitions
NAT: G.1.c TOP: 2-3 Problem 4 Identifying Good Definitions
KEY: biconditional statement | counterexample DOK: DOK 2
27. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: 2-3 Biconditionals and
Definitions
OBJ: 2-3.1 Write biconditionals and recognize good definitions
NAT: G.1.c TOP: 2-3 Problem 4 Identifying Good Definitions
KEY: counterexample DOK: DOK 1
28. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-3 Biconditionals and
Definitions
OBJ: 2-3.1 Write biconditionals and recognize good definitions
NAT: G.1.c TOP: 2-3 Problem 4 Identifying Good Definitions
KEY: counterexample DOK: DOK 2
29. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-3 Biconditionals and
Definitions
OBJ: 2-3.1 Write biconditionals and recognize good definitions
NAT: G.1.c TOP: 2-3 Problem 4 Identifying Good Definitions
KEY: biconditional statement DOK: DOK 2

3
 ID: A

30. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-4 Deductive Reasoning

OBJ: 2-4.1 Use the Law of Detachment and the Law of Syllogism
TOP: 2-4 Problem 1 Using the Law of Detachment
KEY: Law of Detachment | deductive reasoning DOK: DOK 2
31. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L4 REF: 2-4 Deductive Reasoning
OBJ: 2-4.1 Use the Law of Detachment and the Law of Syllogism
TOP: 2-4 Problem 1 Using the Law of Detachment
KEY: Law of Detachment | deductive reasoning DOK: DOK 3
32. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-4 Deductive Reasoning
OBJ: 2-4.1 Use the Law of Detachment and the Law of Syllogism
TOP: 2-4 Problem 1 Using the Law of Detachment
KEY: deductive reasoning | Law of Detachment DOK: DOK 2
33. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-4 Deductive Reasoning
OBJ: 2-4.1 Use the Law of Detachment and the Law of Syllogism
TOP: 2-4 Problem 1 Using the Law of Detachment
KEY: deductive reasoning | Law of Detachment DOK: DOK 2
34. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-4 Deductive Reasoning
OBJ: 2-4.1 Use the Law of Detachment and the Law of Syllogism
TOP: 2-4 Problem 2 Using the Law of Syllogism
KEY: deductive reasoning | Law of Syllogism DOK: DOK 2
35. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: 2-4 Deductive Reasoning
OBJ: 2-4.1 Use the Law of Detachment and the Law of Syllogism
TOP: 2-4 Problem 2 Using the Law of Syllogism
KEY: deductive reasoning | Law of Syllogism DOK: DOK 1
36. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-4 Deductive Reasoning
OBJ: 2-4.1 Use the Law of Detachment and the Law of Syllogism
TOP: 2-4 Problem 2 Using the Law of Syllogism
KEY: deductive reasoning | Law of Syllogism DOK: DOK 2
37. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L4 REF: 2-4 Deductive Reasoning
OBJ: 2-4.1 Use the Law of Detachment and the Law of Syllogism
TOP: 2-4 Problem 3 Using the Laws of Syllogism and Detachment
KEY: deductive reasoning | Law of Detachment | Law of Syllogism
DOK: DOK 3
38. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L4 REF: 2-4 Deductive Reasoning
OBJ: 2-4.1 Use the Law of Detachment and the Law of Syllogism
TOP: 2-4 Problem 3 Using the Laws of Syllogism and Detachment
KEY: deductive reasoning | Law of Detachment | Law of Syllogism
DOK: DOK 3
39. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L3
REF: 2-5 Reasoning in Algebra and Geometry
OBJ: 2-5.1 Connect reasoning in algebra and geometry NAT: G.5.b
TOP: 2-5 Problem 1 Justifying Steps When Solving an Equation
KEY: Properties of Equality | Angle Addition Postulate | deductive reasoning
DOK: DOK 2
40. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L4
REF: 2-5 Reasoning in Algebra and Geometry
OBJ: 2-5.1 Connect reasoning in algebra and geometry NAT: G.5.b
TOP: 2-5 Problem 1 Justifying Steps When Solving an Equation
KEY: Properties of Congruence | Properties of Equality | deductive reasoning
DOK: DOK 3

4
 ID: A

41. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L2

REF: 2-5 Reasoning in Algebra and Geometry
OBJ: 2-5.1 Connect reasoning in algebra and geometry NAT: G.5.b
TOP: 2-5 Problem 2 Using Properties of Equality and Congruence
KEY: Properties of Equality DOK: DOK 1
42. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L2
REF: 2-5 Reasoning in Algebra and Geometry
OBJ: 2-5.1 Connect reasoning in algebra and geometry NAT: G.5.b
TOP: 2-5 Problem 2 Using Properties of Equality and Congruence
KEY: Properties of Equality DOK: DOK 1
43. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L3
REF: 2-5 Reasoning in Algebra and Geometry
OBJ: 2-5.1 Connect reasoning in algebra and geometry NAT: G.5.b
TOP: 2-5 Problem 2 Using Properties of Equality and Congruence
KEY: Properties of Congruence DOK: DOK 1
44. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L3
REF: 2-5 Reasoning in Algebra and Geometry
OBJ: 2-5.1 Connect reasoning in algebra and geometry NAT: G.5.b
TOP: 2-5 Problem 2 Using Properties of Equality and Congruence
KEY: Properties of Equality DOK: DOK 1
45. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L3
REF: 2-5 Reasoning in Algebra and Geometry
OBJ: 2-5.1 Connect reasoning in algebra and geometry NAT: G.5.b
TOP: 2-5 Problem 2 Using Properties of Equality and Congruence
KEY: Properties of Equality DOK: DOK 1
46. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L2
REF: 2-5 Reasoning in Algebra and Geometry
OBJ: 2-5.1 Connect reasoning in algebra and geometry NAT: G.5.b
TOP: 2-5 Problem 2 Using Properties of Equality and Congruence
KEY: Properties of Congruence DOK: DOK 1
47. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L2
REF: 2-5 Reasoning in Algebra and Geometry
OBJ: 2-5.1 Connect reasoning in algebra and geometry NAT: G.5.b
TOP: 2-5 Problem 2 Using Properties of Equality and Congruence
KEY: Properties of Congruence DOK: DOK 1
48. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L3
REF: 2-5 Reasoning in Algebra and Geometry
OBJ: 2-5.1 Connect reasoning in algebra and geometry NAT: G.5.b
TOP: 2-5 Problem 3 Writing a Two-Column Proof KEY: Properties of Equality | proof
DOK: DOK 3
49. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L2
REF: 2-5 Reasoning in Algebra and Geometry
OBJ: 2-5.1 Connect reasoning in algebra and geometry NAT: G.5.b
TOP: 2-5 Problem 3 Writing a Two-Column Proof KEY: Properties of Equality | proof
DOK: DOK 2
50. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-6 Proving Angles Congruent
OBJ: 2-6.1 Prove and apply theorems about angles NAT: G.5.b
TOP: 2-6 Problem 1 Using the Vertical Angles Theorem
KEY: vertical angles | Vertical Angles Theorem DOK: DOK 2

5
 ID: A

51. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: 2-6 Proving Angles Congruent

OBJ: 2-6.1 Prove and apply theorems about angles NAT: G.5.b
TOP: 2-6 Problem 1 Using the Vertical Angles Theorem
KEY: vertical angles | Vertical Angles Theorem DOK: DOK 2
52. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: 2-6 Proving Angles Congruent
OBJ: 2-6.1 Prove and apply theorems about angles NAT: G.5.b
TOP: 2-6 Problem 1 Using the Vertical Angles Theorem
KEY: Vertical Angles Theorem | vertical angles DOK: DOK 2
53. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L4 REF: 2-6 Proving Angles Congruent
OBJ: 2-6.1 Prove and apply theorems about angles NAT: G.5.b
TOP: 2-6 Problem 1 Using the Vertical Angles Theorem
KEY: Vertical Angles Theorem | vertical angles | supplementary angles | multi-part question
DOK: DOK 2
54. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: 2-2 Conditional Statements
OBJ: 2-2.2 Write converses, inverses, and contrapositives of conditionals
TOP: 2-2 Problem 4 Writing and Finding Truth Values of Statements
KEY: conditional statement | converse of a conditional | truth value
DOK: DOK 2

SHORT ANSWER

55. ANS:
True. Dallas, Texas is a city that lies within the United States.

PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-2 Conditional Statements

OBJ: 2-2.1 Recognize conditional statements and their parts NAT: G.5.a
TOP: 2-2 Problem 3 Finding the Truth Value of a Conditional
KEY: conditional | counterexample | truth value DOK: DOK 2
56. ANS:
If x2 = 16, then x = 4. False; if x2 = 16, then x can be equal to –4.

PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-2 Conditional Statements

OBJ: 2-2.2 Write converses, inverses, and contrapositives of conditionals
TOP: 2-2 Problem 4 Writing and Finding Truth Values of Statements
KEY: conditional statement | converse of a conditional | counterexample | truth value
DOK: DOK 2
57. ANS:
If an event is impossible, the probability of the event is 0.
True
An event is impossible if and only if the probability of the event is zero.

PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-3 Biconditionals and Definitions

OBJ: 2-3.1 Write biconditionals and recognize good definitions
NAT: G.1.c TOP: 2-3 Problem 1 Writing a Biconditional
KEY: conditional statement | converse of a conditional | counterexample | biconditional statement | truth
value | multi-part question DOK: DOK 2

6
 ID: A

58. ANS:
If an angle is straight, then its measure is 180.
Conclusion: mZ is 180.

PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-4 Deductive Reasoning

OBJ: 2-4.1 Use the Law of Detachment and the Law of Syllogism
TOP: 2-4 Problem 1 Using the Law of Detachment
KEY: conditional statement | Law of Detachment | writing in math
DOK: DOK 2
59. ANS:
a. Angle Addition Postulate
b. Substitution Property
c. Distributive Property
d. Simplify
e. Addition Property of Equality
f. Division Property of Equality

PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-5 Reasoning in Algebra and Geometry

OBJ: 2-5.1 Connect reasoning in algebra and geometry NAT: G.5.b
TOP: 2-5 Problem 1 Justifying Steps When Solving an Equation
KEY: proof | deductive reasoning | Properties of Equality | multi-part question
DOK: DOK 2
60. ANS:
4x  9  99 Given
4x  9  9  99  9 Addition Property of Equality
4x  108 Simplify
4x 108
 Division Property of Equality
4 4
x = 27 Simplify

PTS: 1 DIF: L4 REF: 2-5 Reasoning in Algebra and Geometry

OBJ: 2-5.1 Connect reasoning in algebra and geometry NAT: G.5.b
TOP: 2-5 Problem 1 Justifying Steps When Solving an Equation
KEY: Properties of Equality | proof | deductive reasoning DOK: DOK 3
61. ANS:
a. Segment Addition Postulate
b. Substitution
c. Simplify
d. Subtraction Property of Equality
e. Division Property of Equality

PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-5 Reasoning in Algebra and Geometry

OBJ: 2-5.1 Connect reasoning in algebra and geometry NAT: G.5.b
TOP: 2-5 Problem 1 Justifying Steps When Solving an Equation
KEY: deductive reasoning | proof | Properties of Equality DOK: DOK 2

7
 ID: A

62. ANS:
a. 180
b. 180
c. Transitive Property (or Substitution Property)
d. m3
e. 3

PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-6 Proving Angles Congruent

OBJ: 2-6.1 Prove and apply theorems about angles NAT: G.5.b
TOP: 2-6 Problem 2 Proof Using the Vertical Angles Theorem
KEY: Properties of Equality | deductive reasoning | proof | supplementary angles
DOK: DOK 2

ESSAY

63. ANS:
[4] a. Must be true. Explanations may vary. Sample: By the Law of Syllogism, “Cecil makes
his bed” implies “It is morning,” which implies “Ted listens to the radio.”
OR an equivalent explanation could use the Law of Detachment.
b. May be true. Explanations may vary. Sample: “Cecil makes his bed” implies “It is
morning.” You know that Tami brushes her teeth at 8 p.m., but you do not know
whether or not she brushes her teeth in the morning.
c. Not true. Explanations may vary. Sample: “Jeanette takes her daily swim” implies that
Jeanette swims once per day, so you know that she does not swim in the morning.
[3] two parts correct with correct explanation
[2] one part correct with correct explanation OR two parts correct with incomplete
explanations
[1] correct answers with no explanations

PTS: 1 DIF: L4 REF: 2-4 Deductive Reasoning

OBJ: 2-4.1 Use the Law of Detachment and the Law of Syllogism
TOP: 2-4 Problem 3 Using the Laws of Syllogism and Detachment
KEY: rubric-based question | extended response | deductive reasoning | Law of Syllogism | Law of
Detachment | writing in math | word problem DOK: DOK 3
64. ANS:
[4] a. Given
b. Substitution Property
c. Vertical Angles Theorem
d. Substitution Property
[3] three parts correct
[2] two parts correct
[1] one part correct

PTS: 1 DIF: L4 REF: 2-6 Proving Angles Congruent

OBJ: 2-6.1 Prove and apply theorems about angles NAT: G.5.b
TOP: 2-6 Problem 2 Proof Using the Vertical Angles Theorem
KEY: Vertical Angles Theorem | proof | extended response | rubric-based question
DOK: DOK 3

8
 ID: A

65. ANS:
[4] By the definition of complementary angles, m1  m2  90 and m2  m3  90. By
the Transitive Property of Equality (or Substitution Property),
m1  m2  m2  m3. By the Subtraction Property of Equality, m1  m3, and
1  3 by the definition of congruent angles.
OR
equivalent explanation
[3] one step missing OR one incorrect justification
[2] two steps missing OR two incorrect justifications
[1] correct steps with no explanations

PTS: 1 DIF: L4 REF: 2-6 Proving Angles Congruent

OBJ: 2-6.1 Prove and apply theorems about angles NAT: G.5.b
TOP: 2-6 Problem 3 Writing a Paragraph Proof
KEY: complementary angles | Properties of Equality | rubric-based question | extended response | proof
DOK: DOK 3
66. ANS:
[4] 1 and 2 are supplementary, because it is given. So, m1  m2  180 by the
definition of supplementary angles. 1  3 because it is given. So, m1  m2 by the
definition of congruent angles. By the Substitution Property, m3  m2  180, so by the
definition of supplementary angles, 3 and 2 are supplementary.
OR
equivalent explanation
[3] one step missing OR one incorrect justification
[2] two steps missing OR two incorrect justifications
[1] correct steps with no explanations

PTS: 1 DIF: L4 REF: 2-6 Proving Angles Congruent

OBJ: 2-6.1 Prove and apply theorems about angles NAT: G.5.b
TOP: 2-6 Problem 3 Writing a Paragraph Proof
KEY: complementary angles | supplementary angles | Properties of Equality | rubric-based question |
extended response | proof DOK: DOK 3

OTHER

67. ANS:
a. On a number line, if points have coordinates –2 and 5, then they are seven units apart.
b. On a number line, if points are seven units apart, then they have coordinates –2 and 5.
c. The original conditional is true by the Ruler Postulate. The converse is false. The points 0 and 7 are
seven units apart, but their coordinates are not –2 and 5.

PTS: 1 DIF: L4 REF: 2-2 Conditional Statements

OBJ: 2-2.2 Write converses, inverses, and contrapositives of conditionals
TOP: 2-2 Problem 4 Writing and Finding Truth Values of Statements
KEY: multi-part question | writing in math | conditional statement | converse of a conditional | truth value
DOK: DOK 3

9
 ID: A

68. ANS:
If three points are collinear, then they are coplanar.
If three points are coplanar, then they are collinear.

The biconditional is not a good definition.

Three coplanar points might not lie on the same line.

PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-3 Biconditionals and Definitions

OBJ: 2-3.1 Write biconditionals and recognize good definitions
NAT: G.1.c TOP: 2-3 Problem 2 Identifying the Conditionals in a Biconditional
KEY: writing in math | biconditional statement | multi-part question
DOK: DOK 2
69. ANS:

[4] 7y  8x  14; y  6 Given

42  8x  14 Substitution Property
56  8x Addition Property of Equality
7x Division Property of Equality
x7 Symmetric Property of Equality
OR
equivalent proof.
[3] one step missing OR one incorrect justification
[2] two steps missing OR two incorrect justifications
[1] correct steps with no explanations

PTS: 1 DIF: L4 REF: 2-5 Reasoning in Algebra and Geometry

OBJ: 2-5.1 Connect reasoning in algebra and geometry NAT: G.5.b
TOP: 2-5 Problem 3 Writing a Two-Column Proof KEY: Properties of Equality | proof
DOK: DOK 3
70. ANS:
Explanations may vary. Sample: If two angles are congruent and complementary, they have equal
measures that add to 90. Thus, each angle has a measure that is one-half of 90, or 45.

PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: 2-6 Proving Angles Congruent

OBJ: 2-6.1 Prove and apply theorems about angles NAT: G.5.b
TOP: 2-6 Problem 3 Writing a Paragraph Proof
KEY: writing in math | complementary angles DOK: DOK 2

10