Lokendar Singh

Date : 10-09-2024 STD 12 Science Mathematics Total Marks : 50

Revision Test

SECTION A

* Choose The Right Answer From The Given Options.[1 Marks Each] [12]
1. Let A = {1, 3, 5} . Then the number of equivalence relations in A containing (1, 3) is
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

Ans. :
Equivalence relations in the set containing the element (1, 3) are
R1 = {(1, 1), (3, 3), (1, 3), (3, 1), (5, 5)}

R2 = {(1, 1), (3, 3), (5, 5), (1, 5), (5, 1), (3, 5), (5, 3), (1, 3), (3, 1)}

∴ There are 2 possible equivalence relations.

2. n+1
, if n is odd
The function f : N → N is defined by f (n) = {
n
2

, if n is even
2

The function f is
(A) bijective
(B) one-one but not onto
(C) onto but not one-one
(D) neither one-one nor onto
n+1
, if n is odd
Ans. : Given, f (x) = { 2

n
, if n is even
2

Now, f (1) =
1+1 2
= 1, f (2) = = 1
2 2

⇒ f (1) = f (2) but 1 ≠ 2 ∴ f is not one-one.

But f is onto (∵ range of f is N .)
3. Let f : R → R be defined by f (x) = x + |x| . Then f (x) is
(A) both one one and onto (B) only one one
(C) only onto (D) neither one one nor onto
Ans. : (d) : Given, f (x) = x + |x|
Now, f (−2) = −2 + | − 2| = −2 + 2 = 0
and f (−3) = −3 + | − 3| = −3 + 3 = 0
Hence, f is not one-one
x+x if x ≥ 0 2x, x ≥ 0
Also, f (x) = { ⇒ f (x) = {
x−x if x < 0 0, x < 0

Thus, f (x) = 2x ≥ 0 for all x ≥ 0 and f (x) = 0 for x < 0 . This means that f (x) cannot

Page 1
 be negative for any x ∈ R . So, f is not onto. Note that Rf = [0, ∞) , which is a proper
subset of R .
4. Let us define a relation R in R as aRb if a ≥ b . Then R is
(A) an equivalence relation
(B) reflexive, transitive but not symmetric
(C) symmetric, transitive but not reflexive
(D) neither transitive nor reflexive but symmetric
Ans. : (b) : Given aRb, a ≥ b
(i) Now a ≥ a is true for all real number
∴ R is reflexive.

(ii) Let (a, b) ∈ R, a ≥ b

Now, a ≥ b but does not imply b ≥ a .
∴ (b, a) ∉ R ∴ R is not symmetric.

(iii) Let (a, b) ∈ R and (b, c) ∈ R ⇒ a ≥ b and b ≥ c

∴ a ≥ c ⇒ (a, c) ∈ R ∴ R is transitive.

5.
⎧ 1,
⎪
x > 0

The signum function, f : R → R is given by f (x) = ⎨ 0, x = 0 is

⎩
⎪
−1, x < 0

(A) One-one (B) Onto (C) Bijective (D) None of these

Ans. : (d): We have, f (1) = f (2) = f (3) = 1

f (0) = 0

f (−1) = f (−2) = f (−3) = −1

Hence, function f is not one-one.

6. Let R be the relation defined on N ×N by the rule (a, b)R(c, d) ⇔ a + d = b + c ,

then R is
(A) reflexive (B) symmetric (C) transitive (D) all of these

Ans. : (d): Here, (a, b)R(a, b) for all (a, b) ∈ N × N

⇒ R is reflexive.

(∵ a + b = b + a)

Let (a, b)R(c, d)

⇒ a+d = b+c ⇒ d+a = c+b

⇒ c+b = d+a ⇒ (c, d)R(a, b)

∴ R is symmetric.

Page 2
 Let (a, b)R(c, d) and (c, d)R(e, f )

⇒ a + d = b + c and c + f = d + e

⇒ (a + d) + (c + f ) = (b + c) + (d + e)

⇒ a + f = b + e ⇒ (a, b)R(e, f )

∴ R is transitive
7. Find the value of tan
−1
(2 cos(2 sin
−1 1
)) .
2

(A) π

3
(B) π

4
(C) π

2
(D) π

Ans. : (b) : We have,

−1 −1 1 −1 π
tan {2 cos(2 sin ( ))} = tan {2 cos(2 × )}
2 6

−1 π −1 1 −1 π
= tan {2 cos } = tan [2 × ] = tan 1 =
3 2 4

8. Find the principal values of: tan

−1
–
(√3)

(A) π

6
(B) π

3 (C) 2π
(D) 5π

3 6

Ans. : (b) : Let −1

– – π
tan (√3) = θ ⇒ tan θ = √3 = tan
3

π −π π
⇒ θ = ∈ ( , )
3 2 2

Principal value of is
–
∴ tan
−1
√3
π

3
.
9. The domain of the function cos −1
(2x − 1) is
(A) [0, 1] (B) [−1, 1] (C) (−1, 1) (D) [0, π]

Ans. : (a) : We know, 0 ≤ cos −1

(2x − 1) ≤ π

⇒ −1 ≤ 2x − 1 ≤ 1 ⇒ 0 ≤ 2x ≤ 2 ⇒ 0 ≤ x ≤ 1

∴ Domain of cos
−1
(2x − 1) = [0, 1]

10. If cos −1
α + cos
−1
β + cos
−1
γ = 3π , then α(β + γ) + β(γ + α) + γ(α + β) equals
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 6 (D) 12

−1 −1 −1
(c) : cos α + cos β + cos γ = 3π

−1
∵ ≤ cos x ≤ π

−1 −1 −1
⇒ cos α = cos β = cos γ = π ⇒ α = β = γ = −1
Ans. :
∴ α(β + γ) + β(γ + α) + γ(α + β)

= −1(−1 − 1) + (−1)(−1 − 1) + (−1)(−1 − 1)

= 2+2+2 = 6

11. The principal solution of cos

−1
(cos(
9π
)) is
4

(A) 7π
(B) −π
(C) 9π
(D) π

4
4 4 4

(d): In [0, π]

Ans. : −1 9π −1 π
cos (cos( )) = cos (cos(2π + ))
4 4

−1 π π
= (cos (cos )) =
4 4

12. sin[
π
− sin
−1
(−
1
)] is equal to
3 2

Page 3
 (A) 1
(B) 1
(C) -1 (D) 1
2 3

Ans. : We have,
π −1 −1
sin[ − sin ( )]
3 2

π −1 1 π π π
= sin[ + sin ( )] = sin[ + ] = sin( ) = 1
3 2 3 6 2

* a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). [6]

Choose the correct option.
13. Assertion (A) : The relation f : {1, 2, 3, 4} → {x, y , z, p} defined by
f = {(1, x), (2, y), (3, z)} is a bijective function.
Reason (R) : The function f : {1, 2, 3} → {x, y, z, p} such that f = {(1, x), (2, y), (3, z)}

is one-one.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false but ( R ) is true.
Ans. : The element 4 has no image under f ⇒ relation f is not a function. So,
Assertion is false.
The given function f : {1, 2, 3} → {x, y, z, p} is one - one as for each element of
{1, 2, 3} , there is different image in {x, y, z, p} under f .

∴ Reason is true.
14. Assertion (A) : If set A contains 7 elements and set B contains 6 elements, then
the number of one-one onto mapping from A to B is 420 .
Reason (R) : If A and B are two non-empty sets containing m and n elements
respectively, then number of one-one onto functions from A to B

n!, if m = n
= { .
0, if m ≠ n

(A) Both (A) and (R) (B) Both (A) and (R) (C) (A) is true but (D) (A) is false but
are true and (R) is are true but (R) is (R) is false. (R) is true.
the correct not the correct
explanation of (A). explanation of (A).

Ans. : (d) : Clearly, reason is true.

Now, m = 7 and n = 6 i.e., m ≠ n
∴ Number of one-one onto mapping from A to B is 0 .
∴ Assertion is false and Reason is true.
15. Assertion (A) : Let f : (e, ∞) → R defined by f (x) = log(log(log x)) is bijective.
Reason (R) : A function f will be bijective if f is both one-one and onto.
(A) Both (A) and (R) (B) Both (A) and (R) (C) (A) is true but (D) (A) is false but
are true and (R) is are true but (R) is (R) is false. (R) is true.

Page 4
 the correct not the correct
explanation of (A). explanation of (A).

Ans. : (a) : As x ∈ (e, ∞)

⇒ log x > 1 ⇒ log(log x) > log 1

⇒ log(log x) > 0

⇒ log(log(log(x)) > log 0

⇒ log(log(log x)) ∈ (−∞, ∞)

⇒ codomain of f (x) = Range of f (x) ⇒ f is onto

Again logarithmic functions are always one-one.
∴ f (x) is both one - one and onto.

16. 1 1
Assertion (A): The domain of the function sec
−1
2x is (−∞, − ]∪ [ , ∞) . Reason
2 2

−1 π
(R) : sec (−2) = −
4

(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A .

(B) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A .
(C) A is true but R is false.
(D) A is false but R is true.

Ans. : sec
−1
x is defined if x ≤ −1 or x ≥ 1 .
Hence, sec −1
2x will be defined if x ≤ −
1

2
or x ≥
1

The range of the function sec

−1
x is [0, π] − {
π

2
}

Hence, A is true and R is false.

17. Assertion (A) : Range of f (x) = sin
−1
x + tan
−1
x + sec
−1
x is {
π
,
3π
} .
4 4

Reason (R) : f (x) = sin

−1
x + tan
−1
x + sec
−1
x is defined for all x ∈ [−1, 1] .
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false but (R) is true.

Ans. : (c) : f (x) = sin x + tan x + sec

−1 −1 −1
x ;
clearly, domain of f (x) is x = ±1 .
Thus, the range is {f (1), f (−1)} , i.e., { π

4
,
3π

4
} .
18. Assertion (A): The principal value of cot
−1
–
(√3) is π
.
6

Reason (R) : Domain of cot

−1
x is R − {−1, 1} .
(A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct
explanation of the Assertion (A).
(B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of the Assertion (A).
(C) Assertion (A) is true and Reason (R) is false.
(D) Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is true.

Page 5
 Ans. : We know that, cot −1
(x), x ∈ (0, π)

−1
– −1 π π
cot (√3) = cot (cot ) =
6 6

−1
[∵ cot (cot θ) = θ]

∴ Assertion (A) is true.

Domain of cot x is R. −1

So, reason (R) is false.

SECTION B

* Given Section consists of questions of 2 marks each. [10]

1. Show that the function f : R+ → R+ defined by f (x) =
1
is one-one and onto,
x

where R+ is the set of all non-zero real numbers. Is the result true, if the domain
R+ is replaced by N with co-domain being same as R+?

Ans. : f (x) =
1

x
, f : R∗ → R∗

Part I: f (x1 ) =
1

x1
and f (x2 ) =
1

x2

If f(x1) = f(x2) then 1

x1
=
1

x2

⇒ x1 = x2
∴ f is one-one.
1
f (x) =
x

1
⇒ y =
x

1
⇒ x =
y

⇒ f(
1

y
) = y ∴ f is onto.
Part II: When domain R is replaced by N, co-domain remaining the same, then, f :
N→R ∗

If f(x1) = f(x2)
1 1
⇒ =
n1 n2

⇒ n1 = n2 where n1, n2 ∈ N
∴ f is one-one.

But, every real number belonging to co-domain may not have a pre-image in N.
e.g. 2 in codomain R* does not have pre-image in N as if
x in N be pre-image of 2,then f(x) = 2 ⇒
1

x
=2 ⇒ x= 1

2
∉ N .
∴ f is not onto.
2. Check the injectivity and surjectivity of the below function:
f:N → N given by f(x) = x2
Ans. : f : N → N given by f(x) = x2
If f(x1) = f(x2) then x
2
1
= x
2
2

⇒ x1 = x2
∴ f is injective.

Page 6
 There are such numbers of co-domain which have no image in domain N.
e.g. 3 ∈ co-domain N, but there is no pre-image in domain of f.
therefore f is not onto.
∴ f is not surjective.

3. Show that the function f : R → {x ∈ R : -1 < x < 1} defined by f (x) =

x
,x ∈ R is
1+|x|

one-one and onto function.

Ans. : f is one-one: For any x, y ∈ R, we have f(x) : f(y)
y
x
⇒ =
1+|x| |y|+1

⇒ xy + x = xy + y
⇒ x=y
Therefore, f is one-one function.
If f is one-one, let y = R – {1}, then f(x) = y
x
⇒ = y
x+1

y
⇒ x =
1−y

It is clear that x ∈ R for all y = R – {1}, also x ≠=-1

Because x = -1
y
⇒ = −1
1−y

⇒ y = -1 + y which is not possible.

Thus for each R – {1} there exists R – {1} such that
y
x = ∈
1−y

x 1−y
f (x) = = y = y
x+1
+1
1−y

Therefore f is onto function.

4. Find the value of tan–1(1) + cos–1 (− 1
) + sin
−1
(−
1
)
2 2

Ans. : Let us consider tan-1(1) = x then we obtain

tan x = 1 = tan π

We know that range of the principle value branch of tan-1 is [−

π

2
,
π

2
]

Thus, tan-1 (1) = π

Let cos
−1
(−
1

2
) = y

cos y = −
1

2
= cos(π −
π

3
) = cos(
2π

3
)

We know that range of the principle value branch of cos-1 is [0, π]

Thus, cos −1
(−
1

2
) =
2π

Let sin-1 (−
1

2
) = z

π π
sin z = − sin = sin(− )
6 6

We know that range of the principle value branch of sin-1 is [−

π

2
,
π

2
]

Thus, sin-1 (−
1

2
) = −
π

Now,we have

Page 7
 −1 −1 1 1
tan (1) + cos (− ) + sin(− )
2 2

= π

4
+
2π

3
−
π

6
=
3π+8π−2π

12
=
9π

12
=
3π

5. Show that
−1
−−−−− −1 1 1
sin (2x√1 − x2 ) = 2 sin x, − ≤ x ≤
√2 √2

Ans. : Let x = sin θ . Then sin–1 x = θ . We have

−1
−−−−−2
sin (2x√1 − x )
−−−− −−− −
L.H.S = sin
−1 2
(2 sin θ √1 − sin θ )

= sin–1 (2sinθ cosθ )

= sin–1 (sin2θ )
= 2θ
= 2 sin–1 x

SECTION C

* Given Section consists of questions of 3 marks each. [9]

1. Check whether the relation R defined in the set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} as R = {(a, b ): b =
a +1} is reflexive, symmetric or transitive.
Ans. : Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
Relation R is defined on set A as:
R = {(a, b): b = a + 1}
Therefore, R = {(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4), (4, 5), (5, 6)}
We find (a, a) ∉ R, where a ∈ A.
For instance (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (5, 5), (6, 6) ∉ R
Therefore, R is not reflexive.
It can be observed that (1, 2) ∈ R, but (2, 1) ∉ R.
Therefore, R is not symmetric.
Now, (1, 2), (2, 3) ∈ R
But, (1, 3) ∉ R
Therefore, R is not transitive
Hence, R is neither reflexive, nor symmetric, nor transitive.
2.
Write the function in the simplest form:
2 3
−1 3 a x− x a a
tan ( 3 2
) , a > 0, (− < x < )
a −3ax √3 √3

Ans. :
2 3
−1 3 a x− x
tan ( 3 2
)
a −3ax

x x 3

[Dividing numerator and denominator by a3]

3( )− ( )
−1 a a
= tan ( 2
)
x
1−3( )
a

Putting x

a
= tan θ so that θ = tan
−1 x
a

3
−1 3 tan θ− tan θ
= tan ( 2
)
1−3 tan θ

−1
= tan tan 3θ

−1 x
= 3θ = 3tan
a

Page 8
3.
Find the value of , |x| < 1, y > 0 and xy < 1
2
1 −1 2x 1−y
−1
tan [ sin 2
+ cos 2
]
2 1+x 1+y

Ans. : Putting x = tan θ and y = tan ϕ

2
1 −1 2x 1−y
−1
∴ tan [ sin 2
+ cos 2
]
2 1+x 1+y

2
1− tan ϕ
1 −1 2 tan θ −1
= tan [ sin 2
+ cos 2
]
2 1+ tan θ 1+ tan ϕ

1 −1 −1
= tan [ sin sin 2θ + cos cos 2ϕ]
2

1
= tan [2θ + 2ϕ]
2

= tan[θ + ϕ]

tan θ+tan ϕ
=
1−tan θ tan ϕ

x+y
=
1−xy

SECTION D

* Given Section consists of questions of 5 marks each. [5]

1. If A = { 1, 2, 3}, B = { 4, 5, 6, 7} and let f = {(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6)} be a function from A
to B. Show that f is one-one.
Ans. : Given, A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {4, 5, 6, 7} and
f : A → B is defined as f = {(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6)} i.e. f(1) = 4, f(2) = 5 and f(3) = 6.
It can be seen that the images of distinct elements of A under f are distinct. So, f is
one-one.In other words, no two elements of set A are associated with set B which
implies that there is one to one correspondence between X and Y.

SECTION E

* Case study based questions [8]

1. Consider the mapping f: A → B is defined by f(x) = x - 1 such that f is a
bijection.
Based on the above information, answer the following questions.
i. Domain of f is:
a. R - {2}
b. R
c. R - {1, 2}
d. R - {0}
ii. Range of f is:
a. R
b. R - {2}
c. R - {0}
d. R - {1, 2}
iii. If g: R - {2} → R - {1} is defined by g(x) = 2f(x) - 1, then g(x) in terms of
x is:
a. x+2

Page 9
 b. x+1

x−2

c. x−2

d. x

x−2

iv. The function g defined above, is:

a. One-one
b. Many-one
c. into
d. None of these
v. A function f(x) is said to be one-one iff.
a. f(x1) = f(x2) ⇒ -x1 = x2
b. f(-x1) = f(-x2) ⇒ -x1 = x2
c. f(x1) = f(x2) ⇒ x1 = x2
d. None of these
Ans. :
i. (a) R - {2}
Solution:
For f(x) to be defined x - 2; ≠ 0 i.e., x; ≠ 2.
∴ Domain of f = R - {2}
ii. (b) R - {2}
Solution:
x−1
Let y = f(x), then y = x−2

⇒ xy - 2y = x - 1 ⇒ xy - x = 2y -

2y−1
⇒ x =
y−1

Since, x ∈ R - {2}, therefore y ≠ 1

Hence, range of f = R - {1}
iii. (d) x

x−2

Solution:
We have, g(x) = 2f(x) - 1
x−1 2x−2−x+2 x
= 2( ) −1 = =
x−2 x−2 x−2

iv. (a) One-one

Solution:
We have, g(x) =
x

x−2
x1 x2
Let g(x1 ) = g(x2 ) ⇒ x1 −2
=
x2 −2

⇒ x1 x2 - 2x1 = x1 x2 - 2x2 ⇒ 2x1 = 2x2 ⇒ x1 = x2

Thus, g(x1 ) = g(x2 ) ⇒ x1 = x2
Hence, g(x) is one-one.
v. (c) f(x1) = f(x2) ⇒ x1 = x2
2. A relation R on a set A is said to be an equivalence relation on A iff it is:
I. Reflexive i.e., (a, a) ∈ R ∀ a ∈ A.
II. Symmetric i.e., (a, b) ∈ R ⇒ (b, a) ∈ R ∀ a, b ∈ A.
III. Transitive i.e., (a, b) ∈ R and (b, c) ∈ R ⇒ (a, c) ∈ R ∀ a, b, c ∈ A.

Page 10
Based on the above information, answer the following questions.
i. If the relation R = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (2, 2), (2, 3), (3, 1), (3, 2), (3,
3)} defined on the set A = {1, 2, 3}, then R is:
a. Reflexive
b. Symmetric
c. Transitive
d. Equivalence
ii. If the relation R = {(1, 2), (2, 1), (1, 3), (3, 1)} defined on the set A = {1,
2, 3}, then R is:
a. Reflexive
b. Symmetric
c. Transitive
d. Equivalence
iii. If the relation R on the set N of all natural numbers defined as R = {(x,
y): y = x + 5 and x < 4}, then R is:
a. Reflexive
b. Symmetric
c. Transitive
d. Equivalence
iv. If the relation R on the set A = {1, 2, 3, ........., 13, 14} defined as R =
{(x, y): 3x - y = O}, then R is:
a. Reflexive
b. Symmetric
c. Transitive
d. Equivalence
v. If the relation R on the set A = {I, 2, 3} defined as R = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1,
3), (2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3)}, then R is:
a. Reflexive only
b. Symmetric only
c. Transitive only
d. Equivalence
Ans. :
i. (a) Reflexive
Solution:
Clearly, (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), ∈ R. So, R is reflexive on A.
Since, (1, 2) ∈ R but (2, 1) ∉ R. So, R is not symmetric on A.
Since, (2, 3), ∈ R and (3, 1) ∈ R but (2, 1) ∉ R. So, R is not transitive on A.
ii. (b) Symmetric
Solution:
Since, (1, 1), (2, 2) and (3, 3) are not in R. So, R is not reflexive on A.
Now, (1, 2) ∈ R ⇒ (2, 1) ∈ R and (1, 3) ∈ R ⇒ (3, 1) ∈ R. So, R is symmetric,
Clearly, (1, 2) ∈ R and (2, 1) ∈ R but (1, 1) ∉ R. So, R is not transitive on A.
iii. (c) Transitive
Solution:
We have, R = {(x, y): y = x + 5 and x < 4}, where x, y ∈ N.
 ∴ R = {(1, 6), (2, 7), (3, 8)}
Clearly, (1, 1), (2, 2) etc. are not in R. So, R is not reflexive.
Since, (1, 6) ∈ R but (6, 1) ∉ R. So, R is not symmetric.
Since, (1, 6) ∈ R and there is no order pair in R which has 6 as the first element.
Same is the case for (2, 7) and (3, 8). So, R is transitive.
iv. (d) Equivalence
Solution:
We have, R = {(x, y): 3x - y = 0}, where x, y ∈ A = {1,2, ......, 14}.
∴ R = {(1, 3), (2, 6), (3, 9), (4, 12)}
Clearly, (1, 1) ∉ R. So, R is not reflexive on A.
Since, (1, 3) ∈ R but (3, 1) ∉ R. So, R is not symmetric on A.
Since, (1, 3) ∈ Rand (3, 9) ∈ R but (1, 9) ∉ R. So, R is not transitive on A.
v. (d) Equivalence
Solution:
Clearly, (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3) ∈ R. So, R is reflexive on A.
We find that the ordered pairs obtained by interchanging the components of ordered
pairs in R are also in R. So, R is symmetric on A. For 1, 2, 3 ∈ A such that (1, 2) and (2,
3) are in R implies that (1, 3) is also, in R. So, R is transitive on A. Thus, R is an
equivalence relation.
----- -----