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Shankharapur water supply project

Report Name: Shankharapur water supply Submitted to: Er. Sunil Rakhal
project
Project Proponent: Department of Civil Engineering
Shankharapur municipality, ward no-6,7

Prepared by: Safal Napit (PAS078BCE104)


Table of content
1. Project Definition

2. Population Forecasting

3.Total Demand Calculation

4.Water Inflow

5.Project Mapping

6.Intake Design

7.Pipe Design

8. Water Treatment

9. Design of Rapid Sand Filter

10. Design of Filter Media

11.Design of Clear Water Reservoir

12.Distribution System

13.Design of Branching Pipe

14.Distribution System Description


Background Information

Shankharapur water supply project was started in association with Federation of


Drinking Water & Sanitation Users (FEDWASUN) and regional government. This project has
been started with the motto of fulfilling the demand of drinking water and proper sanitation
in ward no. 6 and ward no. 7.
The source is at high elevation then the distribution areas so Gravity flow system
has taken in design of the project.
Overall Information of Project

Year of commissioning 2027

Types of sources Surface water

Climate Sub-tropical climate

Elevation 1520m

Design capacity(m3/d) 4175

Design period 15

Demand(m3/d) 4175

No of connected household 2226

Treatment Technology Sedimentation, Rapid sand filter


Population Forecasting

According to census data,

Year 2011 2021

Population 6187 9271

Household 1687 2226

Base period=3 years


Base year=2024+3=2027
Design period=15 years
Design year=2042
From geometrical increase method the population of ward in 2042 will be 22569
Demand calculation

LPCD Demand
Types of demand population
demand (m3/d)
Domestic 65 22569 1466.98
Livestock
Big animal 45 6 .270
Medium animal 20 54 1.08
Small animal/birds 0.2 100 .02 =1.37
Hospital with bed 2000(L/bed/day) 52 104
Hospital without bed 2500 2 5
School 10 2359 23.59
Hotel with bed 200(L/bed/day) 8 1.6
Hospital without bed 700 7 4.9 =144.09
Office 500 10 5

Public demand 1.4 5000 ㎡ 417.502

Fire demand 475.068


Industrial 1043.756
Loss and wastage
626.254
demand
Total 4175
Water Inflow

demand C inflow C demand C surplus C deficit


Month Inflow(m^3/s) Inflow (ML) (ML) (ML) (ML) (ML) (ML)
31-Jan 0.035 93.744 125.25 93.744 125.25 31.506
28-Feb 0.025714286 62.208 125.25 155.952 250.5 94.548
31-Mar 0.022857143 61.22057143 125.25 217.1725714 375.75 158.577
30-Apr 0.025714286 66.65142857 125.25 283.824 501 217.176
30-May 0.035714286 92.57142857 125.25 376.3954286 626.25 249.855
Jun-31 0.208571429 558.6377143 125.25 935.0331429 751.5 183.533143
30-Jul 0.648571429 1681.097143 125.25 2616.130286 876.75 1739.38029
31-Aug 0.762857143 2043.236571 125.25 4659.366857 1002 3657.36686
30-Sep 0.505714286 1310.811429 125.25 5970.178286 1127.25 4842.92829
30-Oct 0.235714286 610.9714286 125.25 6581.149714 1252.5 5328.64971
30-Nov 0.1 259.2 125.25 6840.349714 1377.75 5462.59971
30-Dec 0.055714286 144.4114286 125.25 6984.761143 1503 5481.76114
Total 2.662142857 6984.761143 1503

Capacity of impounded reservoir= Max. cumulative surplus + Max. cumulative deficit – Total inflow +
Total demand
= 5481.76+249.85-6984.76+1503

= 249.85 ML
Project Mapping
Design of intake

Discharge (Q)=0.04832175 m3/s


By the inlet discharge our intake tank should be filled within 1 minutes so,
Dimension of tank= 1m*1m*1m
Adding a medium screen
Vertical bar=10mm
center to center spacing=20mm
Area of screen=0.046m2
Height of bar= 10cm
Length of screen= 46cm
460
No. of bars= = 16
10+20
PIPE DESIGN

From intake to treatment plan


Distance between intake and treatment plant (D)=99m
R.L of Intake=1520m
R.L of treatment plant=1490m
Assume, Residual head=10m
Maximum allowable head loss (hf)=1520-1490-10=20
Discharge(Q)= 4175m^3/day=0.04832175 m3/s
Using Hazen's head loss equation; we have
(hf) =(10.68LQ1.852)/(d4.87*C1.852)
d=0.15m=150mm [Using C=140, for new steel pipe]
Here 83.6mm pipe is not commercially available, so using 100mm diameter pipe
10.68LQ1.852
Now actual head loss using 100mm pipe become (hf) = =4.25m
d4.87∗C1.852

Residual head available at treatment plant=1520-1490-4.25=25.75m>10m, so ok


Checking velocity
Velocity(V)= Q/A=.04832175/(3.14*d2/4) =4.25m

Conclusion:
We are using the steel pipe of diameter of 150mm to conduct water from source
at Laphse Phedi at elevation of 1520m to treatment plant at Laphse Phedi at elevation of
1490m from sea level.
WATER TREATMENT

1) Screening: As we have already provided a medium screen in Intake so screening during


treatment is not required.

2)Designing sedimentation tank;

Horizontal velocity is reduced to 150mm/min=0.0025m/s

Taking detention period as (T)= 4 hour

Discharge(Q)= 0.04832175m3/s

Capacity of tank(c)= Q*T=695.83m3

Length of tank(L)=.0025*4*60*60=36m

Assume Effective depth(h)= 3.5m

Then L*B*H=695.83

Hence B=5.52m

Checking, (SOR)=Q/BL =(4175m3/day)/ (5.52*36) =21 (between 15-30)

Taking free board as 0.5 and sludge depth as 0.5m

Total depth(H)= 3.5+0.5+0.5= 4.5m

and Size of tank= 36m*5.52m*4.5m


Design of rapid sand filter

Quantity of water to be treated(Q)=4175 m3/day=4175000 liter/day


Assume, peak factor=1.5
Maximum quantity of water to be treated=1.5*4175000=6262500liter/day
About 3% of water is used for back washing
And time required for back washing is about 30minutes
Add 3% of discharge for back washing so, (Q) =1.03*6262500=6450375liter/day
Discharge after subtracting 30 minutes of back wash per day (Q) =6450375/ (24-
0.5) =274484 liters/hr.
Take rate of filtration=4m3/hr/㎡=4000lim/hr/㎡

Surface area of the filtration tank=Discharge/rate of filtration=68.62 ㎡


Providing 3 filter units including 1 standby
Area of each filter= 68.62/ (3-1) =34.31 m2(10-50)
Taking L= 1.3*B
So, B=2.96m=3m
L= 3.9m
Design of Filter media
Taking thickness of sand bed =60cm and effective size of sand=0.5mm
We have, (Qd3h/l) = Bi*29329
Q=no of filtration unit*filtration rate=3*4000=12000L/m2/hr=12m3/m2/hr
d=0.6m
Bi=0.0004
h=2.5m
so, L=0.5523m=0.6m
so, Taking filter media of thickness 60cm, size 0.5mm and Cu=1.5

Conclusion for the design of treatment plant


As we have already added screening in the intake so screening is not done in treatment plant.
So, a sedimentation tank of size 36m*5.52m*4.5m with detention period of(T);4 hour.
And Rapid sand filter with 3 filtration unit including 2 standby unit of3.9m by 3m and filtration
media of thickness 60cm, effective size of sand 0.5mm and Cu=1.5.
Design of Clear Water Reservoir
We are designing a reservoir with a capacity to hold our discharge for 15 hours. so,
3 3 3
volume of reservoir=173.96m /hr.*15hr=2609.37m =2610m
taking depth of reservoir(h)= 3.5m
taking length(L)= 1.3B
so, the dimension of reservoir becomes,
B=23.95m
L=31.14m
Taking free board as 0.5 m so dimension will be
31.14*23.95*4m
A clear water reservoir of above dimension is made to store the clear water obtained from
the treatment of water.

Design of Service Reservoir hourly consumption table


Cu. Cu.
Time Duration Demand Demand Cum. Supply Cum
Surplus Deficit
(hr) (hr) (%) (m3/day) demand (b*Q) supply
(g-e) (e-g)
a B c d e f G h I
5-7 2 25 1043.75 1043.75 596.43 596.43 - 447.32
7-12 5 35 1461.25 2505 1491.07 2087.5 - 417.5
12-
5 20 835 3340 1491.07 3578.57 238.57 -
17
17-
2 20 835 4175 596.43 4175 - 0
19
Total 14 100 4175 4175

Maximum cumulative deficit=447.32


so, the capacity of balancing reservoir is 447.32 m3
Distribution System
Percentage of Water required in each Distribution Tank
length from
Demand
Place Demand (%) service elevation(m)
(M3/day)
reservoir (m)

Dhunla 20 835 2500 1405

Salkha 20 835 2432 1402

Pukhulachhi 10 417.5 2564 1402

Ipatwa 10 417.5 2682 1400

Suntwa 25 1043.75 2630 1389

Bhaudhwakha 15 626.25 2819 1399

Total 100 4175


Design of Pipe from Distribution Reservoir to Dhunla
Length(L) =2500m
Elevation(h)= 1405m
Now for size of pipe:
Quantity of water up to Dhunla= 835 m3/day=0.5798m3/min
Elevation difference(h)= 1490-1405= 85m
Residual head= 10m
85−10
Maximum allowable head loss per 1000m= =30m
2.5
Using Hazen-Williams Nomogram:
Diameter of pipe(d)= 100mm
Actual head loss(H)=38.93m
Residual head available= 1490-1405-38.93= 46m
Check for velocity(V)= 1.41m/s (0.3-3m/s)

Design of Pipe from Distribution Reservoir to Salkha


Length(L) =2432m
Elevation(h)= 1402m
Now for size of pipe:
Quantity of water up to Salkha= 835 m3/day=0.5798m3/min
Elevation difference(h)= 1490-1402= 88m
Residual head= 10m
88−10
Maximum allowable head loss per 1000m= =32.07m
2.432
Using Hazen-Williams Nomogram:
Diameter of pipe(d)= 100mm
Actual head loss(H)=37.87m
Residual head available= 1490-1402-37.87= 50m
Check for velocity(V)= 1.4m/s (0.3-3m/s)
Design of Pipe from Distribution Reservoir to Pukhulachhi
Length(L) =2564m
Elevation(h)= 1402m
Now for size of pipe:
Quantity of water up to Pukhulachhi= 417.5 m3/day=0.28993m3/min
Elevation difference(h)= 1490-1402= 88m
Residual head= 10m
88−10
Maximum allowable head loss per 1000m= =30.42m
2.564
Using Hazen-Williams Nomogram:
Diameter of pipe(d)= 80mm
Actual head loss(H)=32.79m
Residual head available= 1490-1402-32.79= 55m
Check for velocity(V)= 1.12m/s (0.3-3m/s)

Design of Pipe from Distribution Reservoir to Ipatwa


Length(L) =2682m
Elevation(h)= 1400m
Now for size of pipe:
Quantity of water up to Ipatwa= 417.5 m3/day=0.28993m3/min
Elevation difference(h)= 1490-1400= 90m
Residual head= 10m
90−10
Maximum allowable head loss per 1000m= =29.83m
2.682
Using Hazen-Williams Nomogram:
Diameter of pipe(d)= 80mm
Actual head loss(H)=34.3m
Residual head available= 1490-1400-34.3= 56m
Check for velocity(V)= 1.12m/s (0.3-3m/s)
Design of Pipe from Distribution Reservoir to Suntwa
Length(L) =2630m
Elevation(h)= 1389m
Now for size of pipe:
Quantity of water up to Suntwa= 1043.75 m3/day=0.724826m3/min
Elevation difference(h)= 1490-1389= 101m
Residual head= 10m
101−10
Maximum allowable head loss per 1000m= =34.6m
2.63
Using Hazen-Williams Nomogram:
Diameter of pipe(d)= 108mm
Using commercially available pipe diameter=150mm
Actual head loss(H)=8.59m
Residual head available= 1490-1389-8.59= 92m
Check for velocity(V)= 0.85m/s (0.3-3m/s)

Design of Pipe from Distribution Reservoir to Bhaudhwakha


Length(L) =2819m
Elevation(h)= 1399m
Now for size of pipe:
Quantity of water up to Bhaudhwakha= 626.25 m3/day=0.434895m3/min
Elevation difference(h)= 1490-1399= 91m
Residual head= 10m
91−10
Maximum allowable head loss per 1000m= =28.73m
2.819
Using Hazen-Williams Nomogram:
Diameter of pipe(d)= 92mm
Using commercially available pipe diameter= 100mm
Actual head loss(H)=25.77m
Residual head available= 1490-1399-25.77= 65m
Check for velocity(V)= 1.13m/s (0.3-3m/s)
Distribution system description

Pipe line Length of pipe(m) Diameter(mm)

Laphse Phedi to Dhunla 2500 100

Laphse Phedi to Salkha 2432 100

Laphse Phedi to Pukhulachhi 2564 80

Laphse Phedi to Ipatwa 2682 150

Laphse Phedi to Suntwa 2630 80

Laphse Phedi to
2819 100
Bhaudhwakha
References:
https://www.google.co.in/
https://www.fedwasun.org/
https://censusnepal.cbs.gov.np/
https://dwssm.gov.np/
https://www.google.com/maps
Google Earth Pro
Water supply Engineering (P.N Modi)

Prepared by:
Safal Napit
PAS078BCE104
Pashchimanchal Campus, Lamachaur, Pokhara

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