Type (I) : Very Short Answer Type Questions : [01 Mark Each]

1. What is periodic motion ? (H.P.S.S.C.E. 2004)

2. What is oscillatory motion ? (H.P.S.S.C.E. 2005 S)

3. Are all periodic motions oscillatory ?

4. What is meant by S.H.M. ? (H.P.S.S.C.E. 2005)

5. Define amplitude of S.H.M. (H.P.S.S.C.E. 2005)

6. Why the motion of a satellite around a planet cannot be taken as S.H.M. ?

7. Is oscillation of a mass suspended by a spring simple harmonic ? (Roorkee, 1979)

8. What will be the change in time period of a loaded spring, when taken to moon ? (H.P.S.S.C.E. 2003)

9. What is the time period of second’s pendulum ? (H.P.S.S.C.E. 2004, 2003)

10. Define resonance. (H.P.S.S.C.E 2009 S)

Type (II) : Short Answer Type Questions : [02 Marks Each]

11. Which of the following examples represent (nearly) simple harmonic motion and which represent periodic
but not simple harmonic motion :
(i) General vibration of a polyatomic molecule about its equilibrium configuration.
(ii) Motion of an oscillating mercury column in a U-tube.
(iii) Motion of a ball bearing inside a smooth curved bowl, when released from a point slightly above the
lowermost position.
(iv) The rotation of the earth about its axis.

12. Fill in the blanks using appropriate words from the list at the end of each statement :
(i) The magnitude of acceleration of a particle in S.H.M. is the .... at the end points. (least, greatest)
(ii) The total energy of a particle in S.H.M. equals the .... at the end points and the ... at the mean
position. (kinetic energy, potential energy)
(iii) the restoring force in S.H.M. is ....in magnitude, when the particle is instantaneously at rest. (zero,
maximum)
(iv) The time period of a particle in S.H.M. depends, in general, on......, but is independent of
.....(amplitude, force constant, initial phase, mass, total energy).
(v) For a particle in S.H.M. with a given mass m and force constant k, quantities which depend on
initial conditions are..... . (time period, amplitude, phase, total energy, frequency).
(vi) A particle in S.H.M. has.....speed, and ....magnitude of acceleration at its mean position. (minimum,
maximum)

13. The maximum acceleration of a simple harmonic oscillator is a0 and the maximum velocity is v0.
What is the displacement amplitude ? (C.B.S.C 1999)

14. A simple pendulum of length L is suspended from the ceiling of a lifte which is moving with an upward from
acceleration a . What is the time period of the pendulum in the moving lift ?

15. A body describes simple harmonic motion with an amplitude of 5cm and a period of 0.2 s. Find the acceleration
and velocity of the body when the displacement is 3 cm

16. A man is standing on a platform moving up and down as a S.H.M. Will there be any change in his weight as
recorded by a weighing machine on the platform ?

17. At what distance from the mean position the kinetic energy of SHM is equal to the potential energy of SHM.
(Amplitude of SHM A)
18. A restoring force is a must for a body to execute S.H.M Explain, why

19. Define forced and resonant vibrations (H.P.S.S.C.E 2000)

20. What are undamped and damped oscillations ?

Type (III) : Long Answer Type Questions: [04 Mark Each]

21. Answer the following questions:

(a) Time period of a particle in SHM depends on the force constant k and mass m of the particle
m
T=2 . A simple pendulum executes SHM approximately. Why then is the time period of a
k
pendulum independent of the mass of the pendulum?

(b) The motion of a simple pendulum is approximately simple harmonic for small angle oscillations.

For larger angles of oscillation, a more involved analysis shows that T is greater than 2 g
Think of


a qualitative argument to appreciate this result.

(c) A man with a wristwatch on his hand falls from the top of a tower. Does the watch give correct time
during the free fall?
(d) What is the frequency of oscillation of a simple pendulum mounted in a cabin that is freely falling
under gravity?

22. A simple pendulum of lenght l and having a bob of mass m is suspended in a car. The car is moving on a
circular track of radius R with a uniform speed If the pendulum makes small oscillations in a radial
direction about its equilibrium position, what will be its time period ?

23. An air chamber of volume V has a neck area of cross section a into which a ball of mass m just fits and
can move up and down without any friction (figure). Show that when the ball is pressed down a little and
released, it executes SHM. Obtain an expression for the time period of oscillations assuming pressure-
volume variations of air to be isothermal (see figure).

m
a
V

Air

24. Show that for a particle in linear SHM the average kinetic energy over a period of oscillation equals the
average potential energy over the same period.

25. Derive an expression for the time period of a simple pendulum.

26. Figure (i) shows a spring of force constant k clamped rigidly at one end and a mass m attached to its
free end. A force F applied at the free end stretches the spring. Figure (ii) shows the same spring with
both ends free and attached to a mass m at either end. Each end of the spring in figure (ii) is stretched
by the same force F.

m k m
k m
F F
F s
(ii)
(i)
(a) What is the maximum extension of the spring in the two cases?
(b) If the mass in figure (i) and the two masses in Figure (ii) are released free, what is the period of
oscillation in each case?
 PART - I : SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
SECTION (A) : EQUATION OF SHM
 1 
A-1. The equation of a particle executing SHM is x  (5 m)sin( s )t   . Write down the amplitude, phase
 6
constant, time period and maximum speed.

A-2. A particle having mass 10 g oscillates according to the equation x = (2.0 cm) sin [(100 s–1) t+ /6]. Find
(a) the amplitude, the time period and the force constant (b) the position, the velocity and the acceleration
at t = 0.

A-3. The equation of motion of a particle which started at t = 0 is given by x = 5 sin (20 t + /3) where x is in
centimetre and t in second. When does the particle
(a) first come to rest?
(b) first have zero acceleration?
(c) first have maximum speed ?

A-4. A simple harmonic motion has an amplitude A and time period T. Find the time required by it to travel
directly from
A
(A) x = 0 to x = A/2 (B) x = 0 to x =
2

A A A
(C) x = A to x = A/2 (D) x = – to x = (E) x = to x = A.
2 2 2

A-5. A particle is executing SHM with amplitude A and has maximum velocity v . Find its speed when it is located
0

A
at distance of from mean position.
2

A-6. A particle executes simple harmonic motion with an amplitude of 10 cm and time period 6 s. At
t = 0 it is at position x = 5 cm from mean postion and going towards positive x-direction. Write the equation
for the displacement x at time t. Find the magnitude of the acceleration of the particle at t = 4 s.

A-7. At an instant a particle in S.H.M. located at distance 2 cm from mean position, have magnitudes of velocity
and acceleration 1m/s and 10 m/s2 respectively. Find the amplitude and the time period of the motion.

A-8. A particle is executing SHM. Find the positions of the particle where its speed is 8 cm/s, If maximum
magnitudes of its velocity and acceleration are 10 cm/s and 50 cm/s2 respectively.

SECTION (B) : ENERGY

B-1. A particle performing SHM with amplitude 10cm. At What distance from mean position the kinetic energy of
the particle is thrice of its potential energy?

B-2. An object of mass 0.2 kg executes simple harmonic oscillations along the x–axis with a frequency of
( 25 /  ) Hz. At the position x = 0.04, the object has kinetic energy of 0.5 J and potential energy 0.4 J. Find
the amplitude of oscillations [ 1994 ; 2M ]
SECTION (C) : SPRING MASS SYSTEM
C-1. A spring mass a system hase a time period of 2 second. What should be the spring constant of spring if the
mass of the block is 10 grams ?

C-2. A body of mass 2 kg suspended through a vertical spring executes simple harmonic motion of period 4s. If
the oscillations are stopped and the body hangs in equilibrium, find the potential energy stored in the
spring.

C-3. A vertical spring-mass system with lower end of spring is fixed, made to undergo small oscillations. If the
spring is stretched by 25cm, energy stored in the spring is 5J .Find the mass of the block if it makes 5
oscillations each second.

C-4. A spring mass system is shown in figure .spring is initially unstretched. A man starts pulling the block with
constant force F. Find
(a) The amplitude and the time period of motion of the block
(b) The K.E. of the block at mean position
(c) The energy stored in the spring when the block passes through the mean position

k
M F

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

C-5. Three spring mass systems are shown in figure. Assuming gravity free space, find the time period of oscillations
in each case. What should be the answer if space is not gravity free ?

(a) (b) (c)

C-6. A spring of force constant 'k' is cut into two parts whose lengths are in the ratio 1 : 2. The two parts are now
connected in parallel and a block of mass 'm' is suspended at the end of the combined spring. Find the
period of oscillation performed by the block.

C-7. Two identical springs are attached to a small block P. The other ends of the springs are fixed at A and B.
When P is in equilibrium the extension of top spring is 20 cm and extension of bottom spring is 10 cm. Find
the period of small vertical oscillations of P about its equilibrium position. (use g = 9.8m/s2).

C-8. A block of mass 1 kg hanging from a vertical spring executes SHM of amplitude 0.2m and time period
/10sec. find the maximum force exerted by the spring on the block.
C-9. Spring mass system is shown in figure. Find the elastic potential energy stored in each spring when block is
at its mean position. Also find the time period of vertical oscillations. The system is in vertical plane.

C-10. (a) Derive the expression for equivalent spring constant of

(i) parallel combination of n-springs.
(ii) series combination of n-springs.
(b) Find the equivalent spring constant for the following arrangements :

(i) (ii)

SECTION (D) : SIMPLE PENDULUM

D-1. Find the length of seconds pendulum at a place where g = 2 m/s2 .


D-2. Instantaneous angle (in radian) between string of a simple pendulum and vertical is given by  = sin2t.
180
Find the length of the pendulum if g = 2 m/s2

D-3. A pendulum clock is accurate at a place where g = 9.8 m/s2. Find the value of g at another place where clock
becomes slow by 24 seconds in a day (24 hrs).

D-4. A pendulum is suspended in a lift and its period of oscillation is T0 when the lift is stationary.
(i) What will be the period T of oscillation of pendulum, if the lift begins to accelerate downwards with
3g
an acceleration equal to ?
4
T0
(ii) What must be the acceleration of the lift for the period of oscillation of the pendulum to be ?
2

D-5. A simple pendulum of length  is suspended through the ceiling of a lift. Find its time period if lift is (a) at rest
(b) moving with uniform velocity (c) going up with acceleration a0 (d) Going down with acceleration a0 [where
a0 < g]

D-6. A simple pendulum suspended through the ceiling of a car at rest oscillates with time period 2 seconds. car
suddenly starts moving with acceleration a0 ,then time period changes to 1.99 seconds. Find a0.

D-7. A 0.1kg ball is attached to a string 1.2m long and suspended as a simple pendulum. At a point
0.2 m below the point of suspension a peg is placed, which the string hits when the pendulum comes down.
If the mass is pulled a small distance to one side and released what will be the time period of the motion.
(g = 10 m/sec2)
SECTION (E) : COMPOUND PENDULUM & TORSIONAL PENDULUM
E-1. Compound pendulums are made of :
(a) A rod of length  suspended through a point located at distance /4 from centre of rod.
(b) A ring of mass m and radius r suspended through a point on its periphery.
(c) A uniform square plate of edge a suspended through a corner.
(d) A uniform disc of mass m and radius r suspended through a point r/2 away from the centre.
Find the time period in each case.

E-2. Two compound pendulums are made of :

(a) A disc of radius r and
(b) A uniform rod of length L. Find the minimum possible time period and distance between
centre and point of suspension in each case.

E-3. A half ring of mass m, radius R is hanged at its one end in vertical plane
and is free to oscillate in its plane. Find frequency for small oscillations
about mean position of the half ring.

SECTION (F) : SUPERPOSITION OF SHM

F-1. A particle is subjected to two SHM’s simultaneously
X1 = a1Sint and X2= a2Sin(t + )
Where a1 = 3.0 cm , a2 = 4.0 cm.
Find Resultant amplitude if the phase difference  has values (a) 00 (b) 600 (c) 900

F-2. A particle is subjected to three SHM’s in same direction simultaneously each having equal amplitude a and
equal time period. The phase of the second motion is 300 ahead of the first and the phase of the third motion
is 300 ahead of the second. Find the amplitude of the resultant motion.

F-3. A particle simultaneously participates in two mutually perpendicular oscillations x = sin t

& y = 2cos 2 t . Write the equation of trajectory of the particle.

SECTION (G) : FOR JEE-MAIN

G-1. In forced oscillation of a particle, the amplitude is maximum for a frequency 1 of the force, while the
energy is maximum for a frequency 2 of the force. What is the relation between 1 and 2 ?

G-2. For the damped oscillator shown in Fig , the mass of the block is 200
g, k = 80 N m –1 and the damping constant b is 40 g s–1 Calculate

(a) The period of oscillation,

(b) Time taken for its amplitude of virbrations

to drop to half fo its initial value

(c) The time for the mechanical energy to drop to half initial value.

PART - II : OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

* Marked Questions may have more than one correct option.
SECTION (A) : EQUATION OF SHM
A-1. According to a scientists, he applied a force F= –cx1/3 on a particle and the particle is performing SHM. No
other force acted on the particle. He refuses to tell whether c is a constant or not. Assume that he had
worked only with positive x then :
(A) as x increases c also increases (B) as x increases c decreases
(C) as x increases c remains constant (D) the motion cannot be SHM
A-2. For a particle executing simple harmonic motion, the acceleration is proportional to
(A) displacement from the mean position (B) velocity
(C) distance travelled since t = 0 (D) speed

A-3. The displacement of a particle in simple harmonic motion in one time period is
(A) A (B) 2A (C) 4A (D) zero

A-4. The distance moved by a particle in simple harmonic motion in one time period is
(A) A (B) 2A (C) 4A (D) zero

A-5. A particle performing SHM takes time equal to T (time period of SHM) in consecutive appearances at a
perticular point. This point is :
(A) An extreme position (B) The mean position
(C) Between positive extreme and mean position (D) Between negative extreme and mean position

A-6. A particle executing linear SHM. Its time period is equal to the smallest time interval in which particle
 
acquires a particular velocity v ,. the magnitude of v may be :
Vmax Vmax
(A) Zero (B) Vmax (C) (D)
2 2
  
For A-7 to A-9 : F is force vector, v is velocity vector,, a vector is acceleration vector and r vector is
displacement vector w.r.t. mean position.

A-7.* Which of the following quantities are always non-positive in a simple harmonic motion along a straight line?
      
(A) F . a (B) v . r (C) a . r (D) F . r

A-8. Which of the following quantities are always non-negative in a simple harmonic motion along a straight line?
      
(A) F . a (B) v . r (C) a . r (D) F . r

A-9.* The quantities which are always Zero for a particle performing linear SHM :
      
(A) a  F (B) r  v (C) r  a (D) r  F

A-10.* The displacement (in m) of a particle of mass 100 g from its equilibrium position is given by the equation:
y = 0.05 sin 3 (5t + 0.4)
1
(A) the time period of motion is sec
30
1
(B) the time period of motion is sec
7 .5
(C) the maximum acceleration of the particle is 11.252 m/s2
(D) the force acting on the particle is zero when the displacement is 0.05 m.

A-11. Two SHM’s are represented by y = a sin (t – kx) and y = b cos (t – kx). The phase difference between the
two is :
   3
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 4 6 4

A-12. How long after the beginning of motion is the displacement of a harmonically oscillating particle equal to
one half its amplitude if the period is 24s and particle starts from rest.
(A) 12s (B) 2s (C) 4s (D) 6s

A-13. A particle is made to under go simple harmonic motion. Find its average acceleration in one time period.

2 A 2 A
(A)  A
2
(B) (C ) (D) zero
2 2
A-14. The magnitude of average acceleration in half time period from equilibrium position in a simple harmonic
motion is

2 A 2 A2 A2
(A) (B) (C) (D) Zero
 2 2

A-15. A particle performing SHM on the y axis according to equation y = A + B sint. Its amplitude is :
(A) A (B) B (C) A + B (D) A 2  B2

A-16. Equation of SHM is x = 10 sin 10t. Find the distance between the two points where speed is 50 cm/sec.
x is in cm and t is in seconds.
(A) 10 cm (B) 20 cm (C) 17.32 cm (D) 8.66 cm.

A-17. Two particles execute S.H.M. of same amplitude and frequency along the same straight line from same
mean position. They cross one another without collision, when going in opposite directions, each time their
displacement is half of their amplitude. The phase-difference between them is
(A) 0° (B) 120° (C) 180° (D) 135°

A-18. A mass M is performing linear simple harmonic motion, then correct graph for acceleration a and
corresponding linear velocity v is

(A) (B) (C) (D)

A-19* The displacement of a particle executing SHM is given by x = 0.01 sin 100(t + 0.05). The time period is in
seconds and amplitude of the particle is in meters
(A) Time period of the particle is 0.02 sec. (B) Amplitude of the particle is 0.01 m
(C) Time period of the particle is 0.01 sec. (D) Amplitude of the particle is 0.02 m

SECTION (B) : ENERGY

B-1. A body executing SHM passes through its equilibrium. At this instant, it has
(A) maximum potential energy (B) maximum kinetic energy
(C) minimum kinetic energy (D) maximum acceleration

B-2. The K.E. and P.E of a particle executing SHM with amplitude A will be equal when its displacement is

A A 2
(A) 2A (B) (C) (D) A
2 2 3

B-3. A point particle of mass 0.1 kg is executing S.H.M. of amplitude of 0.1 m. When the particle passes through
the mean position, its kinetic energy is 8 × 10–3 J. The equation of motion of this particle when the initial
phase of oscillation is 45° can be given by

       
(A) 0.1 cos  4t   (B) 0.1 sin  4t   (C) 0.4 sin  t   (D) 0.2 sin   2t 
 4  4  4 2 

B-4. For a particle performing SHM :

(A) The kinetic energy is never equal to the potential energy
(B) the kinetic energy is always equal to the potential energy
(C) The average kinetic energy in one time period is equal to the average potential in this period
(D) The average kinetic energy in any time interval is equal to average potential energy in that interval
B-5. Acceleration a versus time t graph of a body in SHM is given by a curve shown below. T is the time period.
Then corresponding graph between kinetic energy KE and time t is correctly represented by

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

B-6. A particle of mass m oscillating with amplitude A and angular frequency . its average energy in one time
period is ?
1 1
(A) m2A2 (B) m2A2 (C) m2A2 (D) zero
2 4

B-7. In SHM particle oscillates with frequency  then find the frequency of oscillation of its kinetic energy.
(A)  (B) /2 (C) 2 (D) zero

B-8. A body is executing simple harmonic motion. At a displacement x, its potential energy is E1 and at a displacement
y, its potential energy is E2. The potential energy E at a displacement (x + y) is

(A) E1 + E2 (B) E12  E 22 (C) E1 + E2 + 2 E 1 E 2 (D) E1 E 2

3
B-9. A particle performs S.H.M. of amplitude A along a straight line. When it is at a distance A from
2

1
mean position, its kinetic energy gets increased by an amount m 2 A2 due to an impulsive force.
2
Then its new amplitude becomes:

5 3
(A) A (B) A (C) 2 A (D) 5 A
2 2

SECTION (C) : SPRING MASS SYSTEM

C-1. Two spring mass systems having equal mass and spring constant k1 and k2.If the maximum velocities in two
systems are equal then ratio of amplitude of 1st to that of 2nd is :
(A) k 1 / k 2 (B) k1/k2 (C) k2/k1 (D) k 2 / k1
C-2. A toy car of mass m is having two similar rubber ribbons attached to it as shown in the figure. The force
constant of each rubber ribbon is k and surface is frictionless. The car is displaced from mean position by
x cm and released. At the mean position the ribbons are undeformed. Vibration period is

m ( 2k ) 1 m ( 2k ) m m
(A) 2 (B) (C) 2 (D) 2
k 2 2 k2 k k k

C-3. A mass of 1 kg attached to the bottom of a spring has a certain frequency of vibration. The following mass
has to be added to it in order to reduce the frequency by half :
(A) 1 kg (B) 2 kg (C) 3 kg (D) 4 kg

C-4. A force of 6.4 N stretches a vertical spring by 0.1 m. The mass that must be suspended from the spring so
that it oscillates with a period of (/4) sec is : [REE – 1990]
(A) (/4)kg (B) 1 kg (C) (1/) kg (D) 10 kg

C-5. Frequency of a block in spring mass system is . If it is taken in a lift moving with constant acceleration
upward, then frequency will :
(A) decrease (B) increase (C) remain constant (D) none

C-6. A ball of mass m kg hangs from a spring of spring constant k. The ball oscillates with a period of T seconds.
If the ball is removed, the spring is shortened(w.r.t. length in mean position) by

gT2 3 T 2g Tm Tk
(A) 2 metre (B) 2 metre (C) metre (D) metre
( 2) ( 2) k m

C-7. A smooth inclined plane having angle of inclination 30° with horizontal has
a mass 2.5 kg held by a spring which is fixed at the upper end as shown
in figure. If the mass is taken 2.5 cm up along the surface of the inclined
plane, the tension in the spring reduces to zero. If the mass is then released,
the angular frequency of oscillation in radian per second is
(A) 0.707 (B) 7.07
(C) 1.414 (D) 14.14

C-8. A particle executes simple harmonic motion under the restoring force provided by a spring. The time period
is T. If the spring is divided in two equal parts and one part is used to continue the simple harmonic motion,
the time period will
(A) remain T (B) become 2T (C) become T/2 (D) become T/ 2

C-9. Four massless springs whose force constants are 2k, 2k, k and 2k respectively are attached to a mass M
kept on a frictionless plane (as shown in figure). If the mass M is displaced in the horizontal direction, then
the frequency of the system. [JEE 1990]

1 k 1 4k 1 k 1 7k
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 4M 2 M 2 7M 2 M
C-10. An infinite number of springs having force constants as K, 2K, 4K, 8K, .....  respectively are connected in
series; then equivalent spring constant is
K
(A) K (B) 2K (C) (D) 
2
C11. The total mechanical energy of a particle of mass m executing SHM with the help of a spring is E =
(1/2)m2A2. If the particle is replaced by another particle of mass m/2 while the amplitude A remains same.
New mechanical energy will be :
(A) 2E (B) 2E (D) E/2 (D) E

C-12. Vertical spring mass system is used in a wall clock. The clock is accurate at the equator. If the clock is
taken to the poles it :
(A) will become slow (B) will become fast (C) will give correct time (D) will not work properly.

C-13. A spring-mass system oscillates in a car. If the car accelerates with a constant acceleration on a horizontal
road, the frequency of oscillation will
(A) increase (B) decrease (C) remain same (D) become zero.

SECTION (D) : SIMPLE PENDULUM

D-1. A pendulum clock that keeps correct time on the earth is taken to the moon. It will run
(A) at correct rate (B) 6 times faster (C) 6 times faster (D) 6 times slower

D-2. Two pendulums begin to swing simultaneously. The first pendulum makes 9 full oscillations when the other
makes 7. Find the ratio of length of the two pendulums.
49 7 50 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
81 9 81 2

D-3. Two pendulums at rest start swinging together. Their lengths are
respectively 1.44 m and 1 m. They will again start swinging in same phase
together after (of longer pendulum) :
(A) 1 vibration (B) 3 vibrations
(C) 4 vibrations (D) 5 vibrations

D-4. A scientist measures the time period of a simple pendulum as T in a lift at

rest. If the lift moves up with acceleration as one fourth of the acceleration
of gravity, the new time period is
T
(A) (B) 4 T
4
2 5
(C) T (D) T
5 2

D-5. A simple pendulum has some time period T. What will be the percentage change in its time period if its
amplitude is decreased by 5%?
(A) 6 % (B) 3 % (C) 1.5 % (D) 0 %

D-6. A simple pendulum with length  and bob of mass m executes SHM of small amplitude A. The maximum
tension in the string will be
(A) mg(1 + A/  ) (B) mg (1 + A/  )2 (C) mg[1 + (A/  )2] (D) 2 mg

D-7. A wall clock uses simple pendulum. It is accurate at earth surface .If it is taken to high altitude :
(A) it will run fast
(B) its length should be increased to keep it accurate.
(C) its length should be decreased to keep it accurate.
(D) Even if length is changed it cannot be accurate.
SECTION (E) : COMPOUND PENDULUM & TORSIONAL PENDULUM
E-1. A 25 kg uniform solid sphere with a 20 cm radius is suspended by a vertical wire such that the point of
suspension is vertically above the centre of the sphere. A torque of 0.10 N-m is required to rotate the
sphere through an angle of 1.0 rad and then the orientation is maintained. If the sphere is then released,
its time period of the oscillation will be :
(A)  second (B) 2  second (C) 2 second (D) 4 second

E-2. A metre stick swinging about its one end oscillates with frequency f 0. If the bottom half of the stick was
cut off, then its new oscillation frequency will be :
(A) f 0 (B) 2 f0 (C) 2f0 (D) 2 2 f 0

SECTION (F) : SUPERPOSITION OF SHM

F-1. When two mutually perpendicular simple harmonic motions of same frequency, amplitude and phase are
superimposed
(A) the resulting motion is uniform circular motion.
(B) the resulting motion is a linear simple harmonic motion along a straight line inclined equally to the
straight lines of motion of component ones.
(C) the resulting motion is an elliptical motion, symmetrical about the lines of motion of the components.
(D) the two S.H.M. will cancel each other.

F-2. The position of a particle in motion is given by y = Csint+Dcost w.r.t. origin. Then motion of the particle is:
(A) SHM with amplitude C+D (B) SHM with amplitude C2  D2

(C  D )
(C) SHM with amplitude (D) not SHM
2

F-3. A simple harmonic motion is given by y = 5 (sin 3t + 3 cos 3t). What is the amplitude of motion if y is
in m ?
(A) 100 cm (B) 5 m (C) 200 cm (D) 1000 cm

F-4.* If a SHM is given by y = (sin t + cos t) m, which of the following statements are true?
(A) The amplitude is 1m (B) The amplitude is ( 2 ) m
(C) Time is considered from y = 1 m (D) Time is considered from y = 0 m

F-5. The position vector of a particle moving in x-y plane is given by


r = (A sint) î + (A cost) ĵ then motion of the particle is :
(A) SHM (B) on a circle (C) on a straight line (D) with constant acceleration

F-6. The displacement of a particle executing periodic motion is given by y = 4 cos2 (0.5t) sin (1000 t). The given
expression is composed by minimum :
(A) four SHMs (B) three SHMs (C) one SHM (D) None of these

SECTION (G) : FOR JEE MAIN

1
G-1. When an oscillator completes 100 oscillation its ampliutde reduced to of initial value. What will be
3
its amplitude, when it completes 200 oscillation : [AIPMT 2002]
1 2 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
8 3 6 9

G-2. The damping force on an oscillator is directly proportional to the velocity. The units of the constant of propor-
tionality are :
(A) kgms–1 (B) kgms–2 (C) kgs–1 (D) kgs
 PART - III : ASSERTION / REASONING
1. Assertion : Kinetic energy of SHM at mean position is equal to potential energy of SHM at the end.
Reason : Total energy in SHM is conserved.
(A) If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is correct explanation of the Assertion.
(B) If both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not correct explanation of the Assertion.
(C) if Assertion is true, but the Reason is false.
(D) if Assertion is false, but the Reason is true.

2. STATEMENT-1 : A particle is moving along x-axis. The resultant force F acting on it is given by
F = – ax – b. Where a and b are both positive constants. The motion of this particle is not SHM.
STATEMENT-2 : In SHM resultant force must be proportional to the displacement from mean position.
(A) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for Statement-1
(C) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is False
(D) Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True

PART - I : SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

1. Two particles A and B are performing SHM along x and y-axis respectively with equal amplitude and frequency
of 2 cm and 1 Hz respectively. Equilibrium positions of the particles A and B are at the co-ordinates (3, 0)
and (0, 4) respectively. At t = 0, B is at its equilibrium position and moving towards the origin, while A is
nearest to the origin and moving away from the origin. Find the maximum and minimum distances between
A and B.

2. A particle of mass 'm' moves on a horizontal smooth line AB of length 'a' such that when particle is at any
mg ( AP ) 2mg (BP )
general point P on the line two forces act on it. A force towards A and another force
a a
towards B.
(i) Show that particle performs SHM on the line when released from rest from mid-point of line AB.
(ii) Find its time period and amplitude.
(iii) Find the minimum distance of the particle from B during the motion.
(iv) If the force acting towards A stops acting when the particle is nearest to B then find the velocity with
which it crosses point B.

3. Spring of spring constant k is attached with a block of mass m1 as shown in figure. Another block of mass m2
placed against m1
(a) at equilibrium find the compression in the spring
(b) the blocks are pushed a further distance (2/k(m1+ m2)g sin) against the spring and released. Find the
position where the two blocks separate.
(c) find the common speed of block when they separate.
4. A block of mass m is attached to three springs A,B and C having force constants k, k and 2k respectively as
shown in figure. If the block is slightly pushed against spring C. Then find the frequency of oscillations. The
system is on horizontal smooth surface

5. Repeat the previous question if the angle between each pair of springs is 120° initially.

6. In the figure shown the spring is relaxed. The spring is compressed by 2 A and released. Mass m
collides with the wall and loses two third of its kinetic energy and returns. Calculate time taken by it to
come back to rest again first time (m is attached to the spring)

7. The right block in figure moves at a speed V towards the left block placed in equilibrium. All the surfaces are
smooth and all the collisions are elastic. Find the time period of periodic motion. Neglect the width of the
blocks.

8. For given spring mass system, find the time period of small oscillations of block about its mean position.
Assume ideal conditions. The system is in vertical plane.

9. A particle is oscillating in a straight line about a centre O, with a force directed towards O. When at a
distance 'x' from O, the force is mn2x where 'm' is the mass and 'n' is a constant. The amplitude is a =
a
15 cm. When at a distance 3 from O the particle receives a blow in the direction of motion which
2
generates an extra velocity na. If the velocity is away from O, find the new amplitude. What is the answer,
if the velocity of particle was towards origin.

10. A circular ring hung on a nail in a wall, performs oscillations of angular amplitude 40 and time period
4 seconds. Then find the :
(a) radius of the circular ring
(b) speed and acceleration of the particle farthest away from the point of suspension as it passes through
mean position
(c) acceleration of this particle when it is at an extreme position
(take g = 10 m/s2 and 2 = 10 )
11. A car is moving on a horizontal circular road of radius r with constant speed v. A simple pendulum of length
 is suspended from the ceiling of the car. Find :
(a) the tension in string when pendulum is always stationary w.r.t the car. Mass of the bob is M.
(b) Find frequency of small oscillations

12. A block of mass 4kg attached with spring of spring constant 100 N/m
executing SHM of amplitude 0.1m on smooth horizontal surface as shown
in figure. If another block of mass 5 kg is gently placed on it, at the instant
it passes through the mean position then find the frequency and amplitude
of the motion assuming that two blocks always move together.

M
13. The springs shown in the figure are all unstretched in the beginning when k1
a man starts pulling the block. The man exerts a constant force F on the k2 k3 F
block. Find the amplitude and the frequency of the motion of the block.
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

14. A particle of mass m is suspended at the lower end of a thin rod of negligible
mass. The upper end of the rod is free to rotate in the plane of the page
about a horizontal axis passing through the point O. The spring is
undeformed when the rod is vertical as shown in fig. Show that the motion
of the particle is SHM, if it is displaced from its mean position and then
find the period of oscillation.

15. Find the frequency of small oscillations of a thin uniform vertical rod of mass m and length  hinged at the
point O (Fig.). The force constant for each spring is K/2. The springs are of negligible mass.

16. A thin uniform plate shaped as an equilateral triangle with a side  performs small oscillations about the
horizontal axis coinciding with one of its sides. Find the oscillation period and the reduced equivalent
length of the given pendulum.

17. Assuming all the surfaces to be smooth, name the motion of particle shown in fiugre, whether it is periodic,
oscillatory or SHM. Also find the time period of motion. Neglect the small effect of bend near the bottom.
(g = 10m/s2)

18. In the figure shown mass 2m is at rest and in equilibrium. A particle

4.5 mg
of mass m is released from height from plate. The particle
k
sticks to the plate. Neglecting the duration of collision find time from
the release of ‘m’ to the moment when the spring has maximum
compression.
 PART - II : OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1. The potential energy of a particle of mass 'm' situated in a unidimensional potential field varies as U(x) = U0
[1 – cos ax], where U0 and a are constants. The time period of small oscillations of the particle about the
mean position –

m am m a 2m
(A) 2 a U (B) 2 U (C) 2 (D) 2
0 0 a 2U0 U0

2. A block of mass m is resting on a piston as shown in figure which is

moving vertically with a SHM of period 1 s. The minimum amplitude of
motion at which the block and piston separate is :
(A) 0.25 m (B) 0.52 m
(C) 2.5 m (D) 0.15 m

3. A cylindrical piston of mass M slides smoothly inside a long cylinder

closed at one end as shown in figure enclosing a certain mass of a gas.
The cylinder is kept with its axis horizontal. If the piston is disturbed
slightly from its equilibrium position, it oscillates simple harmonically.
The period of oscillation will be (process is isothermal)

Mh MA M
(A) T  2 (B) T  2 (C) T  2 (D) T  2 MPhA
PA Ph PAh

4. A solid ball of mass m is made to fall from a height H on a pan suspended

through a spring of spring constant K as shown in figure. If the ball does not
rebound and the pan is massless, then amplitude of oscillation is
1/ 2
mg mg  2 HK 
(A) (B) 1  
K k  mg 

1/ 2
mg  
1/ 2 
mg  2 HK  2 HK 
(C)   (D) 1   1   
K  mg  K   mg  
 

5. Two springs, each of spring constant k, are attached to a block of mass m

as shown in the figure. The block can slide smoothly along a horizontal
platform clamped to the opposite walls of the trolley of mass M. If the block
is displaced by x cm and released, the period of oscillation is :

Mm (M  m)
(A) T = 2 (B) T = 2
2k kmM

mM (M  m)2
(C) T = 2 (D) T = 2
2k (M  m) k

6. A spring of force constant  has two blocks of same mass M connected to each end of the spring as shown
in figure. Same force f extends each end of the spring. If the masses are released, then period of vibration
is :

M M 2 M M2
(A) 2 (B) 2 (C) 2 2 (D) 2
2   2
7. Two plates of same mass are attached rigidly to the two ends of a spring as
shown in figure. One of the plates rests on a horizontal surface and the other
results a compression y of the spring when it is in equilibrium state. The further
minimum compression required, so that when the force causing compression is
removed
the lower plate is lifted off the surface, will be :
(A) 0.5 y (B) 3y (C) 2y (D) y

8. The bob in a simple pendulum of length  is released at t = 0 from the position of small angular displacement
. Linear displacement of the bob at any time t from the mean position is given by

g g g
(A)   0 cos t (B)  t cos  0 (C)  g sin  0 (D)   0 sin t
  

9. The period of small oscillations of a simple pendulum of length  if its point of suspension O moves a with

a constant acceleration  = 1 î –2 ĵ with respect to earth is ( î and ĵ are unit vectors in horizontal and
vertically upward directions respectively)

 
(A) T  2 (B) T  2
2
{(g   2 )  12 }1 / 2 {(g  1 )   22 }1/ 2
2

 
(C) T  2 (D) T  2
g (g  12 )1 / 2
2

10. A rod of mass M and length L is hinged at its one end and carries a particle of mass m at its lower end. A
spring of force constant k1 is installed at distance a from the hinge and another of force constant k2 at a
distance b as shown in the figure. If the whole arrangement rests on a smooth horizontal table top, the
frequency of vibration is

a2 k 2b 2
1 k1a 2  k 2b 2 k 2  k1 k1 
1 k 2  k1 1 b 2 1 a2
(A) 2 L2 (m  M ) (B) (C) 2 M (D) 2 4
3 2 M  m 4 m mM
3 3

11. What would be the period of the free oscillations of the system shown
here if mass M1 is pulled down a little force constant of the spring is k,
mass of fixed pulley is negligible and movable pulley is smooth

M1  M2 M1  4M2
(A) T  2 (B) T  2
k k

M2  4M1 M2  3M1
(C) T  2 (D) T  2
k k

12. A particle moves along the X-axis according to the equation x = 10 sin3 (t). The amplitudes and frequencies
of component SHMs are
(A) amplitude 30/4, 10/4 ; frequencies 3/2, 1/2 (B) amplitude 30/4, 10/4 ; frequencies 1/2, 3/2
(C) amplitude 10, 10 ; frequencies 1/2, 1/2 (D) amplitude 30/4, 10 ; frequencies 3/2, 2
13. A simple pendulum ; a physical pendulum; a torsional pendulum and a spring–mass system, each of
same frequency are taken to the Moon. If frequencies are measured on the moon, which system or
systems will have it unchanged ?
(A) spring–mass system and torsional pendulum.
(B) only spring–mass system.
(C) spring–mass system and physical pendulum.
(D) None of these

One or more than one correct choice type

14.* A particle moves on the X-axis according to the equation x = x0 sin2 t. The motion is simple harmonic
2 
(A) with amplitude x0/2 (B) with amplitude 2x0 (C) with time period (D)with time period
 

15.* The speed v of a particle moving along a straight line, when it is at a distance (x) from a fixed point of the line
is given by v2 = 108 – 9x2 (assuming mean position to have zero phase constant)
(all quantities are in cgs units) :
(A) the motion is uniformly accelerated along the straight line
(B) the magnitude of the acceleration at a distance 3cm from the fixed point is 27 cm/s2
(C) the motion is simple harmonic about the given fixed point.
(D) the maximum displacement from the fixed point is 4 cm.

16.* For a body executing SHM with amplitude A, time period T, maximum velocity vmax and phase constant zero,
T
which of the following statements are correct for 0  t  (y is displacement from mean position) ?
4
(A) At y = (A/2), v > (vmax/2) (B) for v = (vmax/2), y > (A/2)
(C) For t = (T/8), y > (A/2) (D) For y = (A/2), t < (T/8)

17.* If y, v and a represent displacement, velocity and acceleration at any instant for a particle executing SHM,
which of the following statements are true?
(A) v and y may have same direction (B) v and a may have same direction
(C) a and y may have same direction (D) a and v may have opposite direction

18.* Which of the following functions represent SHM?

(A) sin 2t (B) sin2 t (C) sin t + 2 cos t (D) sin t + cos 2t

19.* The time period of a particle in simple harmonic motion is T. A time T/6 after it passes its mean position, its:
(A) velocity will be one half its maximum velocity
(B) displacement will be one half of its amplitude
(C) acceleration will be nearly 86% of its maximum acceleration
(D) KE = PE

20.* The potential energy of a particle of mass 0.1 kg, moving along the x-axis, is given by U = 5x (x – 4) J, where
x is in meters. It can be concluded that
(A) the particle is acted upon by a constant force (B) the speed of the particle is maximum at x = 2 m
(C) the particle executes SHM (D) the period of oscillation of the particle is (/5) sec

21.* A horizontal plank has a rectangular block placed on it. The plank starts oscillating vertically and simple
harmonically with an amplitude of 40 cm. The block just loses contact with the plank when the latter is at
momentary rest. Then :
 2 
(A) the period of oscillation is  
 5 
(B) the block weighs double its weight, when the plank is at one of the positions of momentary rest.
(C) the block weighs 0.5 times its weight on the plank halfway up
(D) the block weighs 1.5 times its weight on the plank halfway down
(E) the block weights its true weight on the plank when the latter moves fastest
 
22.* The position of a particle at time t moving in x-y plane is given by r = ( î + 2 ĵ ) A cos t. Then, the motion
of the particle is :
(A) on a straight line (B) on an ellipse
(C) periodic (D) SHM

23.* A ball is hung vertically by a thread of length '  ' from a point 'P' of an P
inclined wall that makes an angle '' with the vertical. The thread with the
ball is then deviated through a small angle '' () and set free. Assuming
the wall to be perfectly elastic, the period of such pendulum is/are 
 
  1      1   
(A) 2 sin   (B) 2   sin  
g    g 2   

  1       1    
(C) 2 cos    (D) 2 cos   
g     g    

PART - III : MATCH THE COLUMN

1. A simple harmonic oscillator consists of a block attached to a spring with k = 200 N/m. The block slides on
a frictionless horizontal surface, with equilibrium point x = 0. A graph of the block’s velocity v as a function
of time t is shown. Correctly match the required information in the left column with the values given in the right
column. (use 2 = 10)

V(m/s)
2

0.10 0.20
0 t(s)

-2

Left Column Right Column

(A) The block’s mass in kg (p) – 0.20
(B) The block’s displacement
at t = 0 in metres (q) – 200
(C) The block’s acceleration
at t = 0.10 s in m/s2 (r) 0.20
(D) The block’s maximum kinetic
energy in Joule (s) 4.0

2. For a particle executing SHM along a straight line, match the statements in column-I with statement in
column-II. (Note that displacement given in column- is to be measured from mean position).
Column-I Column-II
(A) Velocity-displacement graph may be (p) straight line
(B) Acceleration-velocity graph may be (q) circle
(C) Acceleration-displacement graph will be (r) ellipse
(D) Acceleration-time graph will be (s) sinusoidal curve
3. In the column-I, a system is described in each option and corresponding time period is given in the
column-II. Suitably match them.
Column-I Column-II
2
(A) A simple pendulum of length '' oscillating (p) T = 2 3g
with small amplitude in a lift moving down
with retardation g/2.

(B) A block attached to an end of a vertical (q) T = 2 g
spring, whose other end is fixed to the ceiling
of a stationary lift, stretches the spring by length '' in
equilibrium. It's time period when lift moves
up with an acceleration g/2 is
2
(C) The time period of small oscillation of a (r) T = 2 g
uniform rod of length '' smoothly hinged at
one end. The rod oscillates in vertical plane.

(D) A cubical block of edge '' and specific (s) T = 2 2g
gravity 1/2 is in equilibrium with some volume inside
water filled in a large fixed container. Neglect viscous
forces and surface tension. The time period of small
oscillations of the block in vertical direction is

PART - IV : COMPREHENSION
Comprehension # 1
A 2kg block hangs without vibrating at the bottom end of a spring with a force constant of 400 N/m. The top
end of the spring is attached to the ceiling of an elevator car. The car is rising with an upward acceleration of
5 m/s2 when the acceleration suddenly ceases at time t = 0 and the car moves upward with constant speed.
(g = 10 m/s2)

1. What is the angular frequency of oscillation of the block after the acceleration ceases?
(A) 10 2 rad/s (B) 20 rad/s (C) 20 2 rad/s (D) 32 rad/s

2. The amplitude of the oscillations is

(A) 7.5 cm (B) 5 cm (C) 2.5 cm (D) 1 cm

3. The initial phase angle observed by an observer in the elevator, taking upward direction to be positive and
positive extreme position to have /2 phase, is equal to
(A) /4 rad (B) /2 rad (C)  rad (D) 3/2 rad

PART - I : IIT-JEE PROBLEMS (LAST 10 YEARS)

* Marked Questions may have more than one correct option.
1. For a particle executing SHM the displacement x is given by x = A cos t. Identify the graphs which
represents the variation of potential energy (P.E.) as a function of time t and displacement x :

[JEE (Scr.) 2003, 3/84,–1]

(A) I and III (B) II and IV (C) II and III (D) I and IV
2. Two point masses m 1 and m 2 are connected by a spring of natural length 0. The spring is compressed
such that the two point masses touch each other and then they are fastened by a string. Then the
system is moved with a velocity v0 along positive x-axis. When the system reaches the origin the
string breaks (t = 0). The position of the point mass m 1 is given by x1 = v0t – A(1 – cos t) where A and
 are constants. Find the position of the second block as a function of time. Also find the relation
between A and 0. [JEE-2003, 4/60]
3. A solid sphere of radius R is half submerged in a liquid of density . If the sphere is slightly pushed down and
released, find the frequency of small oscillations. [JEE (Mains) - 2004, 2/60]
4. A simple pendulum has time period T1. The point of suspension is now moved upward according to the
relation y = kt2 (k = 1 m/s2) where y is the vertical displacement, the time period now becomes T2 . The ratio
2
 T1 
of   is : (g = 10 m/s2) [JEE (Scr.) 2005, 3/84,–1]
 T2 

5 6 4
(A) (B) (C) 1 (D)
6 5 5
5. A block is performing SHM of amplitude ‘A’ in vertical direction. When
block is at ‘y’ (measured from mean position), it detaches from spring,
so that spring contracts and does not affect the motion of the block. Find
‘y*’ such that block attains maximum height from the mean position.
(Given A 2 > g) [JEE (Mains) 2005, 4/60]
6*. Function x = Asin2t + B cos2t + C sint cost represents SHM [JEE 2006, 5/184,–1]

(A) for any value of A,B and C (except C = 0) (B) If A = – B,C = 2B , amplitude = B 2
(C) If A = B ; C = 0 (D) If A = B ; C = 2B , amplitude = |B|

7. Column I gives a list of possible set of parameters measured in some experiments. The variations of the
parameters in the form of graphs are shown in Column II. Match the set of parameters given in Column
I with the graphs given in Column II. [IIT-JEE 2008, 6/163 ]
Column I Column II

(A) Potential energy of a simple pendulum (p)

(y–axis) as a function of displacement (x–axis)

(B) Displacement (y–axis) as a function of time (q)

(x–axis) for a one dimensional motion at zero or
constant acceleration when the body is moving
along the positive x–direction.

(C) Range of a projectile (y–axis) as a function (r)

of its velocity (x–axis) when projected at a fixed angle.

(D) The square of the time period (y–axis) of a (s)

simple pendulum as a function of its length (x–axis).
 Paragraph for Question Nos. 7 to 9
A uniform thin cylindrical disk of mass M and radius R is attached to two identical massless springs of spring
constant k which are fixed to the wall as shown in the figure. The springs are attached to the axle of the disk
symmetrically on either side at a distance d from its centre. The axle is massless and both the springs and
the axle are in a horizontal plane. The unstretched length of each spring is L. The disk is initially at its
equilibrium position with its centre of mass (CM) at a distance L from the wall. The disk rolls without slipping

with velocity V0  V0 î . The coefficient of friction is . [JEE-2008, 3×4/163]
Figure :

7. The net external force acting on the disk when its centre of mass is at displacement x with respect to its
equilibrium position is
2kx 4kx
(A) –kx (B) –2kx (C) – (D) –
3 3

8. The centre of mass of the disk undergoes simple harmonic motion with angular frequency  equal to

k 2k 2k 4k
(A) (B) (C) (D)
M M 3M 3M

9. The maximum value of V0 for which the disk will roll without slipping is
M M 3M 5M
(A) g (B) g (C) g (D) g
k 2k k 2k
10. The x-t graph of a particle undergoing simple harmonic motion is shown below. The acceleration of the
particle at t = 4/3 s is [IIT-JEE 2009, 3/160, –1]
1
x(cm)

0 t(s)
4 8 12

–1
 3 2  2 2 3 2
(A)  cm/s2 (B) cm/s2 (C) cm/s2 (D) –  cm/s2
32 32 32 32

11. A uniform rod of length L and mass M is pivoted at the centre. Its two ends are attached to two springs of
equal spring constants k. The springs are fixed to rigid supports as shown in the figure, and the rod is free to
oscillate in the horizontal plane. The rod is gently pushed through a small angle  in one direction and
released. The frequency of oscillation is : [IIT-JEE 2009, 3/160, –1 ]

1 2k 1 k 1 6k 1 24k
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 M 2 M 2 M 2 M

12. The mass M shown in the figure oscillates in simple harmonic motion with amplitude A. The amplitude of the
point P is [JEE 2009, 3/160, –1]

k1 k2
M
P

k1A k2A k1A k 2A

(A) k (B) k (C) k  k (D) k  k
2 1 1 2 1 2

Comprehension :
When a particle of mass m moves on the x-axis in a potential of the form V(x) = kx2, it performs simple

m
harmonic motion. The corresponding time period is proportional to , as can be seen easily using
k

dimensional analysis. However, the motion of a particle can be periodic even when its potential energy
increases on both sides of x = 0 in a way different from kx2 and its total energy is such that the particle does
not escape to infinity. Consider a particle of mass m moving on the x-axis. Its potential energy is V(x) = x4
( > 0) for |x| near the origin and becomes a constant equal to V0 for |x|  X0 (see figure)
[JEE 2010, 9/160, –1]
13. If the total energy of the particle is E, it will perform periodic motion only if :
(A) E < 0 (B) E > 0 (C) V0 > E > 0 (D) E > V0
14. For periodic motion of small amplitude A, the time period T of this particle is proportional to :

m 1 m  1 
(A) A (B) (C) A (D)
 A  m A m

15. The acceleration of this particle for |x| > X0 is :

V0
(A) proportional to V0 (B) proportional to mX
0

V0
(C) proportional to mX 0 (D) zero

16*. A metal rod of length ‘L’ and mass ‘m’ is pivoted at one end. A thin disk of
mass ‘M’ and radius ‘R’ (<L) is attached at its center to the free end of the
rod. Consider two ways the disc is attached: (case A). The disc is not free
to rotate about its center and (case B) the disc is free to rotate about its
center. The rod-disc system performs SHM in vertical plane after being
released from the same displaced position. Which of the following
statement(s) is (are) true? [JEE 2011, 4/160]
(A) Restoring torque in case A = Restoring torque in case B
(B) Restoring torque in case A < Restoring torque in case B
(C) Angular frequency for case A > Angular frequency for case B.
(D) Angular frequency for case A < Angular frequency for case B.

Paragraph for Question Nos. 17 to 19

Phase space diagrams are useful tools in analyzing all kinds of dynamical problems. They are especially
useful in studying the changes in motion as initial position and momentum are changed. Here we consider
some simple dynamical systems in one-dimension. For such systems, phase space is a plane in which
position is plotted along horizontal axis and momentum is plotted along vertical axis. The phase space
diagram is x(t) vs. p(t) curve in this plane. The arrow on the curve indicates the time flow. For example, the
phase space diagram for a particle moving with constant velocity is a straight line as shown in the figure. We
use the sign convention in which position or momentum. upwards (or to right) is positive and downwards (or
 to left) is negative. [JEE 2011, 3×3/160, –1]

17. The phase space diagram for a ball thrown vertically up from ground is :

Momentum Momentum

Position
(A) (B)
Position

Momentum Momentum

(C) (D)
Position
Position

18. The phase space diagram for simple harmonic motion is a circle centered at the origin. In the figure, the two
circles represent the same oscillator but for different initial conditions, and E1 and E2 are the total mechanical
energies respectively. Then
 (A) E1  2 E 2 (B) E1  2 E 2 (C) E1  4 E 2 (D) E1  16 E 2

19. Consider the spring-mass system, with the mass submerged in water,
as shown in the figure. The phase space diagram for one cycle of this
system is :

Momentum

(A) (B)
Position

(C) (D)

20. A point mass is subjected to two simultaneous sinusoidal displacements in x-direction, x1 (t) = A sin t and
  2 
x2 (t) = A sin  t   . Adding a third sinusoidal displacement x (t) = B sin (t + ) brings the mass to a
 3  3

complete rest. The values of B and  are [JEE 2011, 3/160, –1]

3 4 5 
(A) 2 A, (B) A, (C) 3 A, (D) A,
4 3 6 3

21. A small block is connected to one end of a massless spring of un-stretched length 4.9 m. The other end of
the spring (see the figure) is fixed. The system lies on a horizontal frictionless surface. The block is stretched
by 0.2 m and released from rest at t = 0. It then executes simple harmonic motion with angular frequency

 rad / s . Simultaneously at t = 0, a small pebble is projected with speed v from point P at an angle of
3
45º as shown in the figure. Point P is at a horizontal distance of 10 cm from O. If the pebble hits the block at
t = 1s, the value of v is (take g = 10 m/s2) [IIT-JEE-2012, Paper-1; 3/70, –1]

(A) 50m / s (B) 51 m / s (C) 52 m / s (D) 53 m / s

22. A particle of mass m is attached to one end of a mass–less spring of force constant k, lying on a frictionless
horizontal plane. The other end of the spring is fixed. The particle starts moving horizontally from its equilibrium
position at time t = 0 with an initial velocity u0. When the speed of the particle is 0.5 u0, it collies elastically
with a rigid wall. After this collision : [JEE ADVANCED_2013]
(A) the speed of the particle when it returns to its equilibrium position is u0 .

m
(B) the time at which the particle passes through the equilibrium position for the first time is t   .
k

4 m
(C) the time at which the maximum compression of the spring occurs is t  .
3 k

5 m
(D) the time at which the particle passes througout the equilibrium position for the second time is t  .
3 k

PART - II : JEE-MAIN / AIEEE PROBLEMS (LAST 10 YEARS)

1. In a simple harmonic oscillator, at the mean position: [AIEEE 2002; 4/300]
(1) kinetic energy is minimum, potential energy is maximum
(2) both kinetic and potential energies are maximum
(3) kinetic energy is maximum, potential energy is minimum
(4) both kinetic and potential energies are minimum

2. A mass M is suspended from a spring of negligible mass. The spring is pulled a little and then released
so that the mass executes SHM of time period T. If the mass is increased by m, the time period
becomes 5T/3. Then the ratio of m/M is : [AIEEE 2003; 4/300]
(1) 3/5 (2) 25/9 (3) 16/9 (4) 5/3

3. The length of a simple pendulum executing simple harmonic motion is increased by 21%. The percentage
 increase in the time period of the pendulum of increased length is : [AIEEE 2003, 4/300]
(1) 11% (2) 21% (3) 42% (4) 10.5%

4. The displacement of a particle varies according to the relation x = 4 (cos t + sin t). The amplitude of the
particle is : [AIEEE 2003; 4/300]
(1) –4 (2) 4 (3) 4 2 (4) 8

5. A body executes simple harmonic motion. The potential energy (P.E.), the kinetic energy (K.E.) and total
energy (T.E.) are measured as function of displacement x. Which of the following statements is true?
[AIEEE 2003; 4/300]
(1) K.E. is maximum when x = 0 (2) T.E. is zero when x = 0
(2) K.E. is maximum when x is maximum (4) P.E. is maximum when x = 0

6. The bob of a simple pendulum executes simple harmonic motion in water with a period t, while the period of
oscillation of the bob is t0 in air. Neglecting frictional force of water and given that the density of the bob is
(4/3) × 1000 kg/m3. Which relationship between t and t0 is true? [AIEEE 2004]
(1) t = t0 (2) t = t0/2 (3) t = 2t0 (4) t = 4t0

7. A particle at the end of a spring executes simple harmonic motion with a period t1, while the corresponding
period for another spring is t2. If the period of oscillation with the two springs in series is T, then :
[AIEEE 2004]
(1) T = t1 + t2 (2) T2 = t12 + t22 (3) T–1 = t1–1 + t2–1 (4) T–2 = t1–2 + t2–2

8. The total energy of a particle, executing simple harmonic motion is : Where x is the displacement from the
mean position. [AIEEE 2004]
(1)  x (2)  x2 (3) independent of x (4)  x1/2

9. A particle of mass m is attached to a spring (of spring constant k) and has a natural angular frequency 0.
An external force F(t) proportional to cos t ( 0) is applied to the oscillator. The time displacement of the
oscillator will be proportional to : [AIEEE 2004]
m 1 1 m
(1) (2) (3) (4)
02  2
m (02 2
 ) m (02 2
 ) 02  2

10. In forced oscillation of a particle, the amplitude is maximum for a frequency 1 of the force, while the energy
is maximum for a frequency 2 of the force, then : [AIEEE 2004]
(1) 1 = 2
(2) 1 > 2
(3) 1 < 2 when damping is small and 1 > 2 when damping is large
(4) 1 < 2
d2 x
11. If a simple harmonic motion is represented by + x = 0, its time period is : [AIEEE 2005]
dt 2

2 2
(1) (2) (3) 2 (4) 2 
 

12. The bob of a simple pendulum is a spherical hollow ball filled with water. A plugged hole near the bottom of the
oscillating bob gets suddenly unplugged. During observation, till water is coming out, the time period of
oscillation would : [AIEEE 2005]
(1) first decrease and then increase to the original value
(2) first increase and then decrease to the original value
(3) remain unchanged
(4) increase towards a saturation value

13. The maximum velocity of a particle, executing simple harmonic motion with an amplitude 7 mm, is 4.4 m/s.
The period of oscillation is : [AIEEE 2006]
(1) 100 s (2) 0.01 s (3) 10 s (4) 0.1 s

14*. A coin is placed on a horizontal platform which undergoes vertical simple harmonic motion of angular frequency
.The amplitude of oscillation is gradually increased. The coin will leave contact with the platform for the first
time : [AIEEE 2006]
 (1) at the highest position of the platform (2) at the mean position of the platform
g g2
(3) for an amplitude of (4) for an amplitude of
2 2

15. The displacement of an object attached to a spring and executing simple harmonic motion is given by
x = 2 × 10–2 cost metres. The time at which the maximum speed first occurs is : [AIEEE 2007]
(1) 0.5 s (2) 0.75 s (3) 0.125 s (4) 0.25 s

16. A point mass oscillates along the x-axis according to the law x = x0 cos (t – /4). If the acceleration of the
particle is written as , a = A cos(t + ), then : [AIEEE 2007]
(1) A = x0 ,  = –/4 (2) A = x02,  = –/4 (3) A = x02,  = –/4 (4) A = x02,  = 3/4

17. Two springs, of force constants k1 and k2, are connected to a mass m as shown. The frequency of oscillation
of mass is ƒ. If both k1 and k2 are made four times their original values, the frequency of oscillation becomes:
[AIEEE 2007]

(1) ƒ/2 (2) ƒ/4 (3) 4f (4) 2ƒ

18. A particle of mass m executes simple harmonic motion with amplitude a and frequency . The average
kinetic energy during its motion from the position of equilibrium to the end is : [AIEEE 2007]
1
(1) 2 ma2 2 (2) ma2 2 (3) 42 ma2 2 (4) 22 ma22
4

19.* If x, v and a denote the displacement, the velocity and the acceleration of a particle executing simple
harmonic motion of time period T, then, which of the following does not change with time? [AIEEE 2009]
aT aT
(1) (2) aT + 2v (3) (4) a2T2 + 42v2
x v

20. A mass M, attached to a horizontal spring, executes SHM with a amplitude A1. When the mass M passes
through its mean position then a smaller mass m is placed over it and both of them move together with

 A1 
amplitude A2. The ratio of  A  is : [AIEEE - 2011, 4/120, –1]
 2

1/ 2 1/ 2
M Mm  M  Mm
(1) (2) (3)   (4)  
Mm M Mm  M 

21. Two particles are executing simple harmonic motion of the same amplitude A and frequency  along the
x-axis. Their mean position is separated by distance X0 (X0 > A). If the maximum separation between them
is (X0 + A), the phase difference between their motion is : [AIEEE - 2011, 4/120, –1]
   
(1) (2) (3) (4)
2 3 4 6

22. A wooden cube (density of wood ‘d’) of side ‘’ floats in a liquid of density ‘’ with its upper and lower surfaces
horizontal. If the cube is pushed slightly down and released, it performs simple harmonic motion of period ‘T’.
Then, ‘T’ is equal to : [AIEEE 2011, 11 May; 4, –1]
d  d 
(1) 2 g (2) 2 dg (3) 2 ( – d)g (4) 2 ( – d)g

23. If a simple pendulum has significant amplitude (up to a factor of 1/e of original) only in the period between
t = 0s to t = s, then  may be called the average life of the pendulum. When the spherical bob of the
pendulum suffers a retardation (due to viscous drag) proportional to its velocity, with 'b' as the constant of
proportionality, the averatge life time of the pendulum is (assuming damping is small) in seconds :
[AIEEE 2012 ; 4, –1]

0.693 1 2
(1) (2) b (3) (4)
b b b
 BOARD LEVEL EXERCISE : HINT & SOLUTIONS 13. Let A be the displacement amplitude and , the
angular frequency of the simple harmonic
1. A motion which repeats itself over and over again
oscillator.
after a regular interval of time is called a periodic
Here, maximum acceleration , a0 = 2A
motion.
and maximum velocity , v0 =  A
2. A motion that repeats itself over and over again
v02 A
2
after a regular interval of time about its mean v2
Now  2 A  A 0
position within two extreme positions on the two a0  A a0
sides of the mean position is called an oscillatory
motion. 14. When the lift moves upward with an accleration
a, the apparent weight of the bob of the pendulum
3. No.
m g´ = m g + m a = (g + a)
4. Simple harmonic motion is the simplest form of The component m g´ sin  will now act as the
oscillatory motion. This motion arises when the restoring force i.e.
force on the oscillating body is directly If a ´ is the accleration produced, then
proportional to its displacement from the mean
F
position, which is also the equilibrium position. a'  = –(g + a) sin   –(g+a) sin 
m
Further, at any point in its oscillation, this force
is directed towards the mean position. y
or a´ = –(g + a) or a´ y
5. The maximum displacement of the particle from L
the mean position during S.H.M. is called i.e. motion of the pendulum is simple harmonic
amplitude of S.H.M. in nature.
6. The motion of satellite around a planet is periodic L
motion. For SHM, the motion has to be both  T = 2
ga
periodic and oscillatory.
i.e. time period of the pendulum decrease, when
7. Yes. the lift accelerates upwards.
8. There will be no change in the time period of the
loaded spring. The time period of a loaded spring 4 2
15. a  2 x a x
is independent of acceleration due to gravity. T2
9. Time period of a second’s pendulum = 2s.
4 2
a=  3  10  2 ms–2
10. The phenomenon of setting a body into 0.2  0.2
oscillations of large amplitude by the influence
of another virbrating body having the same natural a = –32 ms–2 v=  A 2  x2

frequency is called resonance.

2
v= 25  9  10  2 ms 1  0.4ms 1
11. (i) A polyatomic molecule has a number of natural 0. 2
frequencies and its general motion is the result
of the superpositions of simple harmonic motions 16. Yes, there will be a change in the weight of the
of a number of natural frequencies. It is found man. When the platform moves from the mean
that the resultant motion is harmonic motion. position to wards the extreme position, the
(ii) it is simple harmonic motion. acceleration of S.H.M is vertically downwards
(iii) it is simple harmonic motion and hence his weight will decrease. On the other
(iv) It is periodic but not simple harmonic motion. hand, when the platform moves from the mean
position to the lower extreme position and then
12. (i) greatest back to the mean position, the acceleratio of
(ii) potential energy, kinetic energy S.H.M acts vertically upward and hence the
(iii) zero weight of the man will increase.
(iv) force constant and mass; amplitude, initial
phase and total energy
(v) amplitude, phase and total
(vi) maximum, minimum
 1 2
17. K.E = m 2 ( A 2  x 2 )  v2  l
2 ge  g   
2
 T = 2
R  v2 
2
 
1 g  
2
P.E = m 2 x 2 R
2  

K.E = P.E
1
2
  1
m2 A 2  x 2  m2 x 2
2 T  2
l
2
2  v2 
A or g  
x R 
A2 = 2x2  
2

18. For a body to execute. S.H.M, it should oscillate Vm

about its mean position. When the body is at 23. T = 2 where B is the bulk modulus of
Ba 2
mean position, it possesses kinetic energy and
by virtue of it, the body moves from the mean air. For isothermal changes B = P.
position to extreme position .The body can return
to the mean position only, if it acted upon by a T
1
1
 2 mv
2
restoring force. 24. Hint : Average K.E. =
T 0
19. When a body maintained in a state of oscillation
by a strong periodic force of frequency other than T
1
the natural frequency of the body, the oscillations 1
 2 kx
2
dt; Average P.E. = dtt
are called forced vibrations. T 0
20. Oscillation of a system is said to be undamped
if its amplitude does not change with time. 25. Sim ple pendulum , which consists of a
particle of mass m (called the bob of the
21. (a) Fo r a s im ple pendulum , k its elf is pendulum) suspended from one end of an
proportional to m, so m cancels out. unstretchable, massless string of length L
(b) sin  <  ;if the restoring force, mg sin  is
fixed at the other end as shown in Fig. (a).
replaced by mg, this amounts to effective
The bob is free to swing to and fro in the
reduction in g for large angles and hence an
plane of the page, to the left and right of a
increase in time period T over that given by
vertical line through the pivot point. The
 forces acting on the bob are the force T,
the formula T = 2 g where one assume sin tension in the string and the gravitational
force F g (= m g), as shown in Fig. (b).
 = .
(c) Yes, the motion in the wristwatch depends
on spring action and has nothing to do with
acceleration due to gravity.
(d) Gravity disappears for a man under free fall,
so frequency is zero.
22. In the given problem

l
T  2
ge
where ge is the effective value of accleration
due to gravity.
While the acceleration due to gravity g acts in
the downward direction, the radial acceleration

2
acts in the horizontal direction so, the
R
effective value ge of acceleration due to gravity
is given by
 Torque  about the support is entirely
2
provided by the tangental component of force A-7. 24 cm, s = 0.28 s
 = –L (mg sin ) 10 5
This is a restoring torque that tends to
6
reduce angular displacement, hence the A-8.  cm = ± 1.2 cm from the mean position
5
negative sign. By Newton’s law of rotational
motion. SECTION (B)
= I 
W here I is the moment of intertia of the B-1. ± 5 cm
system about the support and  is the B-2. A = 0.06 m
angular acceleration .Thus,
I  = – mg sin  L SECTION (C)
mgL C-1. 0.1 N/m
or =  sin 
I C-2. 40 J
Now if  is small, sin  cab be apporximated 16
by  and Eq. can then be written as, C-3. = 0.16 Kg
10 2
mgL

 ...........(1)
I F M F2 F2
C-4. (a) , 2 , (b) (c)
For small  the motion of the bob is angular k k 2k 2k
simple harmonic motion
 = – ............(2) m m
C-5. (a) 2 k  k , keq. = k 1 + k 2 ; (b) 2 k  k ,
From eq. (1) and (2) 1 2 1 2

mgL I m (k1  k 2 )
 and T  2
I mgL keq. = k1 + k2 ; (c) 2 ,
k1k 2
26. (a) F/k for both (a) and (b).
k 1k 2
m m keq. = k  k Answers will remian same
1 2
(b) T = 2 for (a) and 2 for (b)
k 2k
 2m 
C-6. T = 2  
EXERCISE - 1  9k 


PART - I C-7. sec .
7
SECTION (A)
C-8. 90 N
π 2 2
A-1. Amplitude = 5 m, Phase constant = , Time M2 g 2 M g M2 g2
6 C-9. ,
4k
and
6k
2k
period = 2 s, Maximum speed = 5m/s
 11M
A-2. (a) 2.0 cm, s = 0.063 s, 100 N/m (b) 1.0 cm, from above, time period = 2 6k
50
C-10. (a) (i) Keq = K1 + K2 + ..........Kn
3 m/s, 100 m/s2
1 1 1 1
   (ii) K = K + K + ..............+ K
A-3. (a) s (b) s (c) s eq 1 2 n
120 30 30
(b) (i) K1 + K2 + K3 (ii) 4K
A-4. (a) T/12 , (b) T/8 , (c) T/6 , (d) T/4 , (e) T/8
3v 0 SECTION (D)
A-5. D-1. 1m
2
A-6. x = (10 cm) sin D-2. 0.25 m
  1    10  3600 
2
 s t   ,  2  11 cm/s2 D-3.   g  9.794 m / s 2
 3  6 9  3601 
D-4. (i) 2T0 (ii) 3g upwards SECTION (B)
B-1. (B) B-2. (C) B-3. (B)
 
D-5. (a) 2 g (b) 2 g B-4. (C) B-5. (A) B-6. (A)
B-7. (C) B-8. (C) B-9. (C)
SECTION (C)
 
(c) 2 (d) 2 C-1. (D) C-2. (C) C-3. (C)
g  a0 g  a0 C-4. (B) C-5. (C) C-6. (A)
C-7. (D) C-8. (D) C-9. (B)
2g C-10. (C) C11. (D) C-12. (C)
D-6. a= m/s2
10 C-13. (C)
SECTION (D)

D-7. ( 1.2  1) = 2.1 sec. D-1. (D) D-2. (A) D-3. (D)
g D-4. (C) D-5. (D) D-6. (C)
SECTION (E) D-7. (C)
SECTION (E)
7 2r E-1. (D) E-2. (B)
E-1. (a) T = 2π (b) 2 g
12g SECTION (F)
F-1. (B) F-2. (B) F-3. (D)
8a 3r F-4. (B), (C) F-5. (B) F-6. (B)
(c) 2 (d) 2 2g SECTION (G)
3g
G-1. (D) G-2. (C)

r 2 L L PART - III
E-2. (a) 2 , r/ 2 (b) 2 , . 1. (D) 2. (D)
g 3g 2 3

EXERCISE - 2
1 g 4 PART - I
E-3. 1 2
2 2r 
1. x = 3 – A cost,Y = 4 – A sint,
SECTION (F) Min = 3, Max = 7

F-1. (a) 7 cm (b) 37 cm = 6.1 cm (c) 5 cm a a a

2. T = 2 3g , A = , , 1/ 6 2ag
6 6
F-2. a 42 3
(m1  m 2 ) g sin 
y 3. (a)
F-3. 2x2 + =1 k
2 (b) when the spring acquires its natural length
SECTION (G)
3
G-1. Both amplitude and energy of the particle can (c) (m1  m 2 ) g sin 
k
be maximum only in the case of resonance.
For resonance to occur,
1 3k 2m
1 = 2 4. 5. 2
2 m 5k
G-2. (a) 0.3 s (b) 6.93 s (c) 3.4 s
 
PART - II 17 m   m  2L 
6. 7.  2k v 
12 K 
SECTION (A)
A-1. (A) A-2. (A) A-3. (D)
m (K 1  4K 2 )
A-4. (C) A-5. (A) A-6. (B) 8. T = 2 K 1K 2
A-7. (C), (D) A-8. (A)
A-9. (A), (B), (C), (D) A-10. (B), (C)
9. 15 3 cm , 15 3 cm
A-11. (A) A-12. (C) A-13. (D)
10. (a) 2 m
A-14. (A) A-15. (B) A-16. (C)
(b) 4/9 m/s , 4/81 m/s2 towards the point of
A-17. (B) A-18. (B) A-19 (A), (B)
suspension
(c) 2/9 m/s2 towards mean position,
 1/ 2 EXERCISE - 3
1  2 v4 
11. (a) ma (b) a /  where a = g  2  PART - I
2  r  1. (A)

5 2 m1  m1 
12. Hz, m 2. x 2 = v0 t + m A (1 – cos t), 0 =   1 A
3 30 2  m2 
F(k 2  k 3 )
13. 1 3g
k1 k 2  k 2 k 3  k 3 k1 , 3. f= 4. (B)
2 2R

1 k1 k 2  k 2 k 3  k 3 k 1 g
M(k 2  k 3 ) 5. y= 6. (A), (B), (D)
2 2
7. (A) (p) ; (B) (q, s) ; (C) (s) ; (D) (q)
 mL2  7. (D) 8. (D) 9. (C)
14. T= 2   2  10. (D) 11. (C) 12. (D)
 (k  mgL ) 
13. (C) 14. (B) 15. (D)
16. (A), (D) 17. (D) 18. (C)
3g  2k  19. (B) 20. (B) 21. (A)
= 1  
15. 2   mg  22. (A), (D)
PART - II
 3  3 1. (3) 2. (3) 3. (4)
16. T= , red = 4. (3) 5. (1) 6. (3)
g 4
7. (2) 8. (3) 9. (2)
17. perodic and oscillatory, 1.6 sec. 10. (1) 11. (2) 12. (2)
2 3m 13. (2) 14. (1), (3) 15. (1)
18. + 3 m
3 K K 16. (4) 17. (4) 18. (1)
19. (1), (4) 20. (4) 21. (2)
PART - II 22. (1) 23. (4) 24. (3)
1. (C) 2. (A) 3. (A) 25. (3)
4. (B) 5. (C) 6. (A)
7. (C) 8. (A) 9. (A)
10. (A) 11. (C) 12. (B)
13. (A) 14. (A), (D) 15. (B), (C)
16. (A), (B), (C), (D) 17. (A), (B), (D)
18. (A), (B), (C) 19. (A), (C)
20. (B), (C), (D)
21. (A), (B), (C), (D), (E) 22. (A), (C), (D)
23. (B), (D)
PART - III
1. (A) r , (B) p , (C) q , (D) s
2. (A) q,r (B) q,r (C) p (D) s
3. (A) p (B) q (C) p (D) s

PART - IV
1. (A) 2. (C) 3. (D)