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8 views6 pages

Cold Report - pdf1

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aditi.2428ece445
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Computer Organisation and Logic Design Lab

(K24EC11P)

Submitted by:
Utsav Verma (202401100700203)

Vansh Arora (202401100700204)

Vansh Gautam (202401100700205)


Vansh Varshney (202401100700206)

Year & Section


2024-28 & C

Submitted to:
Mrs. Shipra Srivastava
Designation: Dr Vibhav Kumar Sachan
Objective
To implement the traffic light controller using logic gates

Apparatus Required
Bread Board, IC7408, IC7404, IC7400, Connecting wires etc.

Theory with explanation of each component


1. JK Flip-Flop

The JK flip-flop is a type of bistable multivibrator, which means it has two stable states. It is a
sequential circuit that changes its output based on the inputs (J, K) and the clock signal (CLK).
It has two outputs:

• Q: The normal output.

• Q': The complement of Q.

The JK flip-flop has the following functionality:

• J = 0, K = 0: No change (the output retains its previous state).

• J = 0, K = 1: Reset (Q = 0, Q' = 1).

• J = 1, K = 0: Set (Q = 1, Q' = 0).

• J = 1, K = 1: Toggle (the output changes to the opposite state).

In the traffic light controller, we use two JK flip-flops (FF1 and FF2) to create a 2-bit counter.
These flip-flops will control the states of the traffic light.

2. Logic Gates (AND, OR, NOT)

The logic gates (AND, OR, NOT) are used to decode the outputs of the flip-flops to drive the
traffic light signals. The states of the flip-flops determine which traffic light (Red, Green,
Amber) is on at any given time:

• Red Light (X): This light is ON when the system is in state 00, where both flip-flop
outputs are 0. The equation for Red is:
X=Q1′ Q2′

• Green Light (Z): This light is ON in state 01, where Q1 = 0 and Q2 = 1. The equation
for Green is:

Z=Q1′ Q2

• Amber Light (Y): This light is ON in state 10, where Q1 = 1 and Q2 = 0. The equation
for Amber is:

Y=Q1 Q2′

The logic gates evaluate the states of Q1 and Q2 and generate the appropriate control signals
to turn on the correct traffic light.

TRUTH TABLE:
Circuit Diagram:

3) Result
The Traffic Light Controller using JK flip-flops successfully cycles through the following
states:

• State 00: Red Light ON (Traffic stop).

• State 01: Green Light ON (Traffic move).

• State 10: Amber Light ON (Prepare to stop).

• State 11: This state is used as a reset state, returning to State 00

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