-------------------------------------------- Restricting and Sorting Data

-------------------------------------------
The HR department needs your assistance in creating some queries.

1. Because of budget issues, the HR department needs a report that displays the
last name and salary of employees earning more than $12,000.

2. Open a new SQL Worksheet. Create a report that displays the last name and
department number for employee number 176.

3. The HR department needs to find high-salary and low-salary employees. Modify

lab_03_01.sql to display the last name and salary for all employees whose salary is
not in the range
$5,000 through $12,000.

4. Modify above query to list the last name and salary of employees who earn
between $5,000 and $12,000, and are in department 20 or 50. Label the columns
Employee and Monthly Salary,
respectively.

5. Modify lab_03_03.sql to list the last name and salary of employees who earn
between $5,000 and $12,000, and are in department 20 or 50. Label the columns
Employee and Monthly Salary,
respectively.

6. Create a report to display the last name, job ID, and hire date for employees
with the last names of Matos and Taylor. Order the query in ascending order by hire
date.

7. Display the last name and department ID of all employees in departments 20 or 50

in ascending alphabetical order by last_name.

8. The HR department needs a report that displays the last name and hire date of
all employees who were hired in 2006.

9. Create a report to display the last name and job title of all employees who do
not have a manager.

10. Create a report to display the last name, salary, and commission for all
employees who earn commissions. Sort data in descending order of salary and
commissions.
Use the column’s numeric position in the ORDER BY clause.

solution:: SELECT last_name, salary, commission_pct

FROM employees
WHERE commission_pct IS NOT NULL
ORDER BY 2 DESC, 3 DESC;

11. Display the last names of all employees where the third letter of the name is
“a.”

12. Display the last names of all employees who have both an “a” and an “e” in
their last name.

13. Display the last name, job, and salary for all employees whose job is that of a
sales representative or a stock clerk, and whose salary is not equal to $2,500,
$3,500, or $7,000.

14. Display the last name, salary, and commission for all employees whose
commission amount is 20%.

----------------------------------------------- Aggregate Function

-------------------------------------
The HR department needs the following reports:
1. Find the highest, lowest, sum, and average salary of all employees. Label the
columns Maximum, Minimum, Sum, and Average, respectively. Round your results to the
nearest whole number.

2. Create a query that displays employees’ last names, and indicates the amounts of
their salaries with asterisks. Each asterisk signifies a thousand dollars. Sort the
data in descending order of salary. Label the column EMPLOYEES_AND_THEIR_SALARIES.

------------------------------------------------ Joins
--------------------------------------------------------
1. Write a query for the HR department to produce the addresses of all the
departments. Use the LOCATIONS and COUNTRIES tables. Show the location ID, street
address, city, state or
province, and country in the output.

2. The HR department needs a report of all employees with corresponding

departments. Write a query to display the last name, department number, and
department name for all the employees.

3. The HR department needs a report of employees in Toronto. Display the last name,
job, department number, and department name for all employees who work in Toronto.

4. Create a report to display employees’ last names and employee numbers along with
their managers’ last names and manager numbers. Label the columns Employee, Emp#,
Manager, and Mgr#,
respectively.

5. Modify above to display all employees, including King, who has no manager. Order
the results by employee number.

6. Create a report for the HR department that displays employee last names,
department numbers, and all employees who work in the same department as a given
employee. Give each column an
appropriate label. Save the script to a file named lab_07_06.sql. Run the query.

7. The HR department needs a report on job grades and salaries. To familiarize

yourself with the JOB_GRADES table, first show the structure of the JOB_GRADES
table. Then create a query
that displays the name, job, department name, salary, and grade for all
employees.

8. The HR department wants to determine the names of all employees who were hired
after Davies. Create a query to display the name and hire date of any employee
hired after employee
Davies.

9. The HR department needs to find the names and hire dates of all employees who
were hired before their managers, along with their managers’ names and hire dates.

------------------------------------------------ Using Subqueries to Solve Queries

-------------------------

1. The HR department needs a query the to display the last name and hire date of
any employee in the same department as the employee whose name the user supplies
(excluding that
employee). For example, if the user enters Zlotkey, find all employees who work
with Zlotkey (excluding Zlotkey).

2. Create a report that displays the employee number, last name, and salary of all
employees who earn more than the average salary. Sort the results in ascending
order by salary.

3. Write a query that displays the employee number and last name of all employees
who work in a department with any employee whose last name contains the letter “u.”

4. The HR department needs a report that displays the last name, department number,
and job ID of all employees whose department location ID is 1700.

5. Create a report for HR that displays the last name and salary of every employee
who reports to King.

6. Create a report for HR that displays the department number, last name, and job
ID for every employee in the Executive department.

7. Create a report that displays a list of all employees whose salary is more than
the salary of any employee from department 60.

8. Modify above query in display the employee number, last name, and salary of all
employees who earn more than the average salary and who work in a department with
any employee whose
last name contains the letter “u.”

------------------------------------: Using Set

Operators :--------------------------

1. The HR department needs a list of department IDs for departments that do not
contain the job ID ST_CLERK. Use the set operators to create this report.
2. The HR department needs a list of countries that have no departments located in
them. Display the country IDs and the names of the countries. Use the set operators
to create this
report.

3. Produce a list of all the employees who work in departments 50 and 80. Display
the employee ID, job ID, and department ID by using the set operators.

4. Create a report that lists the detail of all employees who are sales
representatives and are currently working in the sales department.

----------------------------------------Managing Tables by Using DML

Statements-------------------------------------------
Insert data into the MY_EMPLOYEE table.
1. Create a table called MY_EMPLOYEE.

CREATE TABLE my_employee

(id int CONSTRAINT my_employee_id_pk PRIMARY Key,
last_name VARCHAR(25),
first_name VARCHAR(25),
userid VARCHAR(8), salary decimal(9,2));

2.Create an INSERT statement to add the first row of data to the MY_EMPLOYEE table
from the following sample data. Do not list the columns in the INSERT clause.

ID LAST_NAME FIRST_NAME USERID SALARY

1 Patel Ralph rpatel 895
2 Dancs Betty bdancs 860
3 Biri Ben bbiri 1100
4 Newman Chad cnewman 750
5 Ropeburn Audrey aropebur 1550
INSERT INTO my_employee
VALUES (1, 'Patel', 'Ralph', 'rpatel', 895);

3. Populate the MY_EMPLOYEE table with the second row of the sample data from the
preceding list. This time, list the columns explicitly in the INSERT clause.

Update and delete data in the MY_EMPLOYEE table.

4. Change the last name of employee 3 to Drexler.

5. Change the salary to $1,000 for all employees with a salary less than $900.

6. Delete Betty Dancs from the MY_EMPLOYEE table.

7. Delete all the rows from the MY_EMPLOYEE table.

------------------------------------- procedure ----------------------

1. Retrieve Employees by Manager
Objective: Create a stored procedure that retrieves all employees under a specific
manager.

Input: p_manager_id IN NUMBER (Manager's employee ID)

Output: List of employees with their details (Employee ID, First Name, Last Name,
Job Title, Salary)
Business Logic: The procedure should return employees whose manager_id matches the
given p_manager_id.

2. Update Employee Salary

Objective: Create a stored procedure that updates the salary of a given employee
based on their employee ID.
Input: p_employee_id IN NUMBER, p_new_salary IN NUMBER
Output: Success message or error message if the employee is not found.
Business Logic: The procedure should check if the employee exists and then update
their salary. If the employee doesn't exist, return an error message.

3. Employee Count by Department

Objective: Create a stored procedure that returns the count of employees in a
specific department.
Input: p_department_id IN NUMBER
Output: Count of employees in that department.
Business Logic: The procedure should count the employees in the specified
department and return the result.

4. Employee Job Title and Salary Information

Objective: Create a stored procedure that retrieves employees' job titles and
salary information based on a specific job title.
Input: p_job_id IN VARCHAR2
Output: List of employees with job title and salary.
Business Logic: The procedure should return the employee ID, first name, last name,
and salary for employees with the specified job title.

5. Promote Employee
Objective: Create a stored procedure to promote an employee by changing their job
title and salary.
Input: p_employee_id IN NUMBER, p_new_job_id IN VARCHAR2, p_salary_increase IN
NUMBER
Output: Success or failure message.
Business Logic: The procedure should check if the employee exists, and then update
the job_id and salary based on the provided values. Ensure salary increase is not
less than a certain percentage (e.g., 10%).
DELIMITER $$

6. Employee Payroll Report

Objective: Create a stored procedure that generates a payroll report for a specific
date range.
Input: p_start_date IN DATE, p_end_date IN DATE
Output: A list of employees along with their payroll details (Employee ID, Name,
Job Title, Salary, Bonus, Total Pay).
Business Logic: The procedure should return payroll data (including salary and any
bonuses) for employees who were active during the specified date range.

7. Employee Tenure
Objective: Create a stored procedure that calculates and returns the tenure (in
years) for an employee based on their hire date.
Input: p_employee_id IN NUMBER
Output: Employee's tenure in years.
Business Logic: The procedure should calculate the difference between the current
date and the employee's hire date, returning the number of years the employee has
worked.

8. Department Budget Summary

Objective: Create a stored procedure that calculates and returns the total salary
expense for a department.
Input: p_department_id IN NUMBER
Output: Total salary expense for the department.
Business Logic: The procedure should sum the salaries of all employees in the given
department and return the total salary expense.

9. Find Employees with No Manager

Objective: Create a stored procedure that identifies employees who do not have a
manager assigned.
Input: None
Output: List of employees without a manager (Employee ID, Name, Job Title).
Business Logic: The procedure should return a list of employees whose manager_id is
NULL.

10. Employee Turnover Rate

Objective: Create a stored procedure that calculates the turnover rate for a
department within a given period.
Input: p_department_id IN NUMBER, p_start_date IN DATE, p_end_date IN DATE
Output: Turnover rate as a percentage of the total number of employees in that
department who left during the specified period.
Business Logic: The procedure should calculate the number of employees who left the
department within the given date range and divide by the total number of employees
in the department during that period.