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CS Report

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Japendra Singh Bhatia
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10 views

CS Report

Uploaded by

Japendra Singh Bhatia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 14

PUNJAB ENGINEERING COLLEGE

(DEEMED TO BE UNIVERSITY)

CONTROL SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT

SUBMITTED BY:

● Abhay Shukla - 22104036


● Japendra Singh Bhatia - 22104044
● Pranav Garg - 22104050
● Arool Bhatia - 22104052

SUBMITTED TO:

Prof. Amita Kumari

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Aim : DC motor Speed control using P, PI and PID controller.

Apparatus Used : MATLAB R2023b

Components :
 Power Gui
 Constants Block
 Sum Block
 PID Controller Box
 Voltage Measurement Block
 Display Block
 Scope Block
 DC Motor Subsystem
 Scope

Theory :
The Purpose of this project is to show the dynamic response of the rapid tuning result of the
proposed modified P, PI and PID controller which will help in the speed control of the
motor. The speed will change according to the reference provided to the system say for ex. If
200 is the reference speed then the output speed will be close to that of the reference speed.

P-CONTROLLER: A Proportional (P) controller applies a correction to the system that is


proportional to the current error. The error is the difference between the desired setpoint and
the actual process variable.

u(t)=Kp⋅e(t)

PI-CONTROLLER: A Proportional-Integral (PI) controller combines the proportional


control action with an integral control action. The integral action sums the error over time,
which helps to eliminate the steady-state error.

u(t)=Kp⋅e(t)+Ki∫e(t)dt

PID-CONTROLLER: A Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller combines three


terms: proportional, integral, and derivative. The derivative term predicts future error based
on the rate of change, enhancing stability and response.

u(t)=Kp⋅e(t)+Ki∫e(t)dt+Kd(de(t)/dt)

DC Motor Subsystem:

 The top section models the armature current (Ia)

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Represented By:

 Inputs:

o V: The applied voltage to the motor.

o ω: Speed, which contributes to the back EMF (Eb=kϕω)

 R/L: Represents the armature resistance divided by inductance.

 kϕ/ L: Coefficient relating back EMF to current dynamics.


 1/L: Normalizes the voltage input.

 Output:

o Ia: Armature current, calculated using integration over time.

 The middle section models the motor's speed (ω) dynamics:


Represented By:

 Inputs:

o Tm= kϕIa: The electromagnetic torque generated by the armature current.

o External load torque (TL) as a disturbance.

 kϕ: Converts armature current (Ia) into torque (Tm)

 1/J: Normalizes torque by the moment of inertia (J).

 Output:

o ω: Speed, derived using integration.

 The bottom section models the back electromotive force (EMF):

Represented By:

 Inputs:

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o ω: The Speed of Motor.

 kϕ: Proportionality constant relating speed to the back EMF.

 Output:

o Eb: The back EMF, which feeds back into the electrical subsystem.

Circuit Diagram:

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Sub Systems:
 DC Motor

Procedure:

 First open MATLAB Simulink and start a New Modal


 Now place the block according to the diagram provided.
 Set power Gui to Continuous and simulation time to about 60 sec.
 Make a subsystem for the DC Motor
 Run the Simulation and Observe the Controller OUT scope and Output
Scope

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Observations:

 P Controller
o Input Voltage (V), Stator Current (A), Stator Back EMF (V)
and Rotor Speed (RPM) Electromagnetic Torque (Nm)

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o Controller Output

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o Parameters

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 PI Controller
o Input Voltage (V), Stator Current (A), Stator Back EMF (V)
and Rotor Speed (RPM) Electromagnetic Torque (Nm)

o Controller Output
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o Parameters

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 PID Controller
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o Input Voltage (V), Stator Current (A), Stator Back EMF (V)
and Rotor Speed (RPM) Electromagnetic Torque (Nm)

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o Controller Output

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o Parameters

Result:

Seen that P, PI and PID controllers are used the net error in the speed to the
reference speed has been reduced. With little bit of more tuning of P,I and D
parameters the error can be further reduced and the modal can be made more
reliable.

Future Planning:

To fine tune the P, I and D values to be more precise and the error to be
negligible even with P controller.

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