Application of

Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

Lab 03: Introduction to Microsoft Excel, Internet and WWW

Objective(s):
To learn the basics and explore different features of Microsoft Excel.
To learn what is the internet, Internet Addresses and Basic Services.
To learn how does the Internet work
To learn about the WWW and its fundamentals

The Microsoft Excel Window

Microsoft Excel is an electronic spreadsheet. You can use it to organize your data into rows
and columns. You can also use it to perform mathematical calculations quickly. This tutorial
teaches Microsoft Excel basics. Although knowledge of how to navigate in a Windows
environment is helpful, this tutorial was created for the computer novice.

This lesson will introduce you to the Excel window. You use the window to interact with Excel.
To begin this lesson, start Microsoft Excel. The Microsoft Excel window appears and your
screen looks similar to the one shown here.
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

Note: Your screen will probably not look exactly like the screen shown. In Excel 2007, how a
window displays depends on the size of your window, the size of your monitor, and the
resolution to which your monitor is set. Resolution determines how much information your
computer monitor can display. If you use a low resolution, less information fits on your screen,
but the size of your text and images are larger. If you use a high resolution, more information fits
on your screen, but the size of the text and images are smaller. Also, settings in Excel 2007,
Windows Vista, and Windows XP allow you to change the color and style of your windows.

The Microsoft Office Button

In the upper-left corner of the Excel 2007 window is the Microsoft Office button. When you
click the button, a menu appears. You can use the menu to create a new file, open an existing
file, save a file, and perform many other tasks.
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

The Quick Access Toolbar

Next to the Microsoft Office button is the Quick Access toolbar. The Quick Access toolbar gives
you with access to commands you frequently use. By default, Save, Undo, and Redo appear on
the Quick Access toolbar. You can use Save to save your file, Undo to roll back an action you
have taken, and Redo to reapply an action you have rolled back.

The Title Bar

Next to the Quick Access toolbar is the Title bar. On the Title bar, Microsoft Excel displays the
name of the workbook you are currently using. At the top of the Excel window, you should see
"Microsoft Excel - Book1" or a similar name.

The Ribbon

You use commands to tell Microsoft Excel what to do. In Microsoft Excel 2007, you use the
Ribbon to issue commands. The Ribbon is located near the top of the Excel window, below the
Quick Access toolbar. At the top of the Ribbon are several tabs; clicking a tab displays several
related command groups. Within each group are related command buttons. You click buttons to
issue commands or to access menus and dialog boxes. You may also find a dialog box launcher
in the bottom-right corner of a group. When you click the dialog box launcher, a dialog box
makes additional commands available.
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

Worksheets

Microsoft Excel consists of worksheets. Each worksheet contains columns and rows. The
columns are lettered A to Z and then continuing with AA, AB, AC and so on; the rows are
numbered 1 to 1,048,573. The number of columns and rows you can have in a worksheet is
limited by your computer memory and your system resources.

The combination of a column coordinate and a row coordinate make up a cell address. For
example, the cell located in the upper-left corner of the worksheet is cell A1, meaning column A,
and row 1. Cell E10 is located under column E on row 10. You enter your data into the cells on
the worksheet.

The Formula Bar

Formula Bar
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

If the Formula bar is turned on, the cell address of the cell you are in displays in the Name box
which is located on the left side of the Formula bar. Cell entries display on the right side of the
Formula bar. If you do not see the Formula bar in your window, perform the following steps:

1. Choose the View tab.

2. Click Formula Bar in the Show/Hide group. The Formula bar appears.

Note: The current cell address displays on the left side of the Formula bar.

The Status Bar

The Status bar appears at the very bottom of the Excel window and provides such information as
the sum, average, minimum, and maximum value of selected numbers. You can change what
displays on the Status bar by right-clicking on the Status bar and selecting the options you want
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

from the Customize Status Bar menu. You click a menu item to select it. You click it again to
deselect it. A check mark next to an item means the item is selected.

Task 3.1: How we can Move Around on Worksheet

By using the arrow keys, you can move around your worksheet. You can use the down arrow key
to move downward one cell at a time. You can use the up arrow key to move upward one cell at
a time. You can use the Tab key to move across the page to the right, one cell at a time. You can
hold down the Shift key and then press the Tab key to move to the left, one cell at a time. You
can use the right and left arrow keys to move right or left one cell at a time. The Page Up and
Page Down keys move up and down one page at a time. If you hold down the Ctrl key and then
press the Home key, you move to the beginning of the worksheet.

Move Around the Worksheet

The Down Arrow Key

 Press the down arrow key several times. Note that the cursor moves downward one cell at
a time.

The Up Arrow Key

 Press the up arrow key several times. Note that the cursor moves upward one cell at a
time.

The Tab Key

1. Move to cell A1.

2. Press the Tab key several times. Note that the cursor moves to the right one cell at a time.

The Shift + Tab Keys

 Hold down the Shift key and then press Tab. Note that the cursor moves to the left one
cell at a time.

The Right and Left Arrow Keys

1. Press the right arrow key several times. Note that the cursor moves to the right.
2. Press the left arrow key several times. Note that the cursor moves to the left.
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

Page Up and Page Down

1. Press the Page Down key. Note that the cursor moves down one page.
2. Press the Page Up key. Note that the cursor moves up one page.

The Ctrl-Home Key

1. Move the cursor to column J.

2. Stay in column J and move the cursor to row 20.
3. Hold down the Ctrl key while you press the Home key. Excel moves to cell A1.

Task 3.2: How we can Go To Cells Quickly

The following are shortcuts for moving quickly from one cell in a worksheet to a cell in a
different part of the worksheet.

Go to -- F5

The F5 function key is the "Go To" key. If you press the F5 key, you are prompted for the cell to
which you wish to go. Enter the cell address, and the cursor jumps to that cell.

1. Press F5. The Go To dialog box opens.

2. Type J3 in the Reference field.
3. Press Enter. Excel moves to cell J3.

Go to – Ctrl + G

You can also use Ctrl+G to go to a specific cell.

1. Hold down the Ctrl key while you press "g" (Ctrl+g). The Go To dialog box opens.
2. Type C4 in the Reference field.
3. Press Enter. Excel moves to cell C4.

The Name Box

You can also use the Name box to go to a specific cell. Just type the cell you want to go to in the
Name box and then press Enter.
 Application of
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Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

1. Type B10 in the Name box.

2. Press Enter. Excel moves to cell B10.
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

Task 3.3: How to Select Cells

If you wish to perform a function on a group of cells, you must first select those cells by
highlighting them. The exercises that follow teach you how to select.

Alternative Method: Select Cells by Dragging

You can also select an area by holding down the left mouse button and dragging the mouse over
the area. In addition, you can select noncontiguous areas of the worksheet by doing the
following:
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

1. Go to cell A1.
2. Hold down the Ctrl key. You won't release it until step 9. Holding down the Ctrl key
enables you to select noncontiguous areas of the worksheet.
3. Press the left mouse button.
4. While holding down the left mouse button, use the mouse to move from cell A1 to C5.
5. Continue to hold down the Ctrl key, but release the left mouse button.
6. Using the mouse, place the cursor in cell D7.
7. Press the left mouse button.
8. While holding down the left mouse button, move to cell F10. Release the left mouse
button.
9. Release the Ctrl key. Cells A1 to C5 and cells D7 to F10 are selected.
10. Press Esc and click anywhere on the worksheet to remove the highlighting.
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

Enter Data

In this section, you will learn how to enter data into your worksheet. First, place the cursor in the
cell in which you want to start entering data. Type some data, and then press Enter. If you need
to delete, press the Backspace key to delete one character at a time.

Enter Data

1. Place the cursor in cell A1.

2. Type John Jordan. Do not press Enter at this time.

Delete Data

The Backspace key erases one character at a time.

 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

1. Press the Backspace key until Jordan is erased.

2. Press Enter. The name "John" appears in cell A1.

Task 3.4 How to Edit a Cell

After you enter data into a cell, you can edit the data by pressing F2 while you are in the cell you
wish to edit.

Edit a Cell

Change "John" to "Jones."

1. Move to cell A1.

2. Press F2.
3. Use the Backspace key to delete the "n" and the "h."
4. Type nes.
5. Press Enter.

Alternate Method: Editing a Cell by Using the Formula Bar

You can also edit the cell by using the Formula bar. You change "Jones" to "Joker" in the
following exercise.
 Application of
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Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

1. Move the cursor to cell A1.

2. Click in the formula area of the Formula bar.

3. Use the backspace key to erase the "s," "e," and "n."
4. Type ker.
5. Press Enter.

Alternate Method: Edit a Cell by Double-Clicking in the Cell

You can change "Joker" to "Johnson" as follows:

 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

1. Move to cell A1.

2. Double-click in cell A1.
3. Press the End key. Your cursor is now at the end of your text.

3. Use the Backspace key to erase "r," "e," and "k."

4. Type hnson.
5. Press Enter.
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

Change a Cell Entry

Typing in a cell replaces the old cell entry with the new information you type.

1. Move the cursor to cell A1.

2. Type Cathy.
3. Press Enter. The name "Cathy" replaces "Johnson."

Task 3.5 How to Wrap Text

When you type text that is too long to fit in the cell, the text overlaps the next cell. If you do not
want it to overlap the next cell, you can wrap the text.

Wrap Text
 Application of
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Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

1. Move to cell A2.

2. Type Text too long to fit.
3. Press Enter.

4. Return to cell A2.

5. Choose the Home tab.
6. Click the Wrap Text button . Excel wraps the text in the cell.
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

Task 3.6: How to Delete a Cell Entry

To delete an entry in a cell or a group of cells, you place the cursor in the cell or select the group
of cells and press Delete.

Entering Excel Formulas and Formatting Data

Lesson 1 familiarized you with the Excel 2007 window, taught you how to move around the
window, and how to enter data. A major strength of Excel is that you can perform mathematical
calculations and format your data. In this lesson, you learn how to perform basic mathematical
calculations and how to format text and numerical data. To start this lesson, open Excel.

Task 3.7: How to Perform Mathematical Calculations

In Microsoft Excel, you can enter numbers and mathematical formulas into cells. Whether you
enter a number or a formula, you can reference the cell when you perform mathematical
calculations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division. When entering a
mathematical formula, precede the formula with an equal sign. Use the following to indicate the
type of calculation you wish to perform:

+ Addition

- Subtraction

* Multiplication

/ Division

In the following exercises, you practice some of the methods you can use to move around a
worksheet and you learn how to perform mathematical calculations. Refer to Lesson 1 to learn
more about moving around a worksheet.
 Application of
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Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

Addition

1. Type Add in cell A1.

2. Press Enter. Excel moves down one cell.
3. Type 1 in cell A2.
4. Press Enter. Excel moves down one cell.
5. Type 1 in cell A3.
6. Press Enter. Excel moves down one cell.
7. Type =A2+A3 in cell A4.
8. Click the check mark on the Formula bar. Excel adds cell A1 to cell A2 and displays the
result in cell A4. The formula displays on the Formula bar.

Note: Clicking the check mark on the Formula bar is similar to pressing Enter. Excel records
your entry but does not move to the next cell.
 Application of
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Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

Subtraction

1. Press F5. The Go To dialog box appears.

2. Type B1 in the Reference field.
3. Press Enter. Excel moves to cell B1.

4. Type Subtract.
 Application of
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Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

5. Press Enter. Excel moves down one cell.

6. Type 3 in cell B2.
7. Press Enter. Excel moves down one cell.
8. Type 3 in cell B3.
9. Press Enter. Excel moves down one cell.
10. Type =B2-B3 in cell B4.
11. Click the check mark on the Formula bar. Excel subtracts cell B3 from cell B2 and the
result displays in cell B4. The formula displays on the Formula bar.

Multiplication

1. Hold down the Ctrl key while you press "g" (Ctrl+g). The Go To dialog box appears.
2. Type C1 in the Reference field.
3. Press Enter. Excel moves to cell C1
4. Type Multiply.
5. Press Enter. Excel moves down one cell.
6. Type 2 in cell C2.
7. Press Enter. Excel moves down one cell.
8. Type 3 in cell C3.
9. Press Enter. Excel moves down one cell.
10. Type =C2*C3 in cell C4.
11. Click the check mark on the Formula bar. Excel multiplies C1 by cell C2 and displays the
result in cell C3. The formula displays on the Formula bar.

Division

1. Press F5.
2. Type D1 in the Reference field.
3. Press Enter. Excel moves to cell D1.
4. Type Divide.
5. Press Enter. Excel moves down one cell.
6. Type 3 in cell D2.
7. Press Enter. Excel moves down one cell.
8. Type 3 in cell D3.
9. Press Enter. Excel moves down one cell.
10. Type =D2/D3 in cell D4.
11. Click the check mark on the Formula bar. Excel divides cell D2 by cell D3 and displays
the result in cell D4. The formula displays on the Formula bar.
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

When creating formulas, you can reference cells and include numbers. All of the following
formulas are valid:

=A2/B2

=A1+12-B3

=A2*B2+12

=24+53

Task 3.8: Perform Automatic Calculations

By default, Microsoft Excel recalculates the worksheet as you change cell entries. This makes it
easy for you to correct mistakes and analyze a variety of scenarios.

Automatic Calculation

Make the changes described below and note how Microsoft Excel automatically recalculates.
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

1. Move to cell A2.

2. Type 2.
3. Press the right arrow key. Excel changes the result in cell A4. Excel adds cell A2 to cell
A3 and the new result appears in cell A4.
4. Move to cell B2.
5. Type 8.
6. Press the right arrow key. Excel subtracts cell B3 from cell B3 and the new result
appears in cell B4.
7. Move to cell C2.
8. Type 4.
9. Press the right arrow key. Excel multiplies cell C2 by cell C3 and the new result appears
in cell C4.
10. Move to cell D2.
11. Type 12.
12. Press the Enter key. Excel divides cell D2 by cell D3 and the new result appears in cell
D4.

Task 3.9 How to Align Cell Entries

When you type text into a cell, by default your entry aligns with the left side of the cell. When
you type numbers into a cell, by default your entry aligns with the right side of the cell. You can
change the cell alignment. You can center, left-align, or right-align any cell entry. Look at cells
A1 to D1. Note that they are aligned with the left side of the cell.

Center

To center cells A1 to D1:

 Application of
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Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

1. Select cells A1 to D1.

2. Choose the Home tab.
3. Click the Center button in the Alignment group. Excel centers each cell's content.

Left-Align

To left-align cells A1 to D1:

1. Select cells A1 to D1.

2. Choose the Home tab.
3. Click the Align Text Left button in the Alignment group. Excel left-aligns each cell's
content.
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

Right-Align

To right-align cells A1 to D1:

1. Select cells A1 to D1. Click in cell A1.

2. Choose the Home tab.
3. Click the Align Text Right button. Excel right-aligns the cell's content.
4. Click anywhere on your worksheet to clear the highlighting.

Note: You can also change the alignment of cells with numbers in them by using the alignment
buttons.

Task 3.10: How to Merge and Center any piece of text

Sometimes, particularly when you give a title to a section of your worksheet, you will want to
center a piece of text over several columns or rows. The following example shows you how.
 Application of
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Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

Merge and Center

1. Go to cell B2.
2. Type Sample Worksheet.
3. Click the check mark on the Formula bar.
4. Select cells B2 to E2.
5. Choose the Home tab.
6. Click the Merge and Center button in the Alignment group. Excel merges cells B2,
C2, D2, and E2 and then centers the content.
 Application of
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Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

Note: To unmerge cells:

1. Select the cell you want to unmerge.

2. Choose the Home tab.
3. Click the down arrow next to the Merge and Center button. A menu appears.
4. Click Unmerge Cells. Excel unmerges the cells.

Task 3.11: How to Change the Font, Font Size, and Font Color

A font is a set of characters represented in a single typeface. Each character within a font is
created by using the same basic style. Excel provides many different fonts from which you can
choose. The size of a font is measured in points. There are 72 points to an inch. The number of
points assigned to a font is based on the distance from the top to the bottom of its longest
character. You can change the Font, Font Size, and Font Color of the data you enter into Excel.

Change the Font

1. Select cells B2 to E3.

 Application of
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Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

2. Choose the Home tab.

3. Click the down arrow next to the Font box. A list of fonts appears. As you scroll down
the list of fonts, Excel provides a preview of the font in the cell you selected.
4. Find and click Times New Roman in the Font box. Note: If Times New Roman is your
default font, click another font. Excel changes the font in the selected cells.
 Application of
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Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

Change the Font Size

1. Select cell B2.

2. Choose the Home tab.
3. Click the down arrow next to the Font Size box. A list of font sizes appears. As you scroll
up or down the list of font sizes, Excel provides a preview of the font size in the cell you
selected.
4. Click 23. Excel changes the font size in cell B2 to 23.
 Application of
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Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

Change the Font Color

1. Select cells B2 to E3.

2. Choose the Home tab.
3. Click the down arrow next to the Font Color button .
4. Click on the color white. Your font color changes to white.

Your worksheet should look like the one shown here.

 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

Task 3.12: How to Move to a New Worksheet

In Microsoft Excel, each workbook is made up of several worksheets. Each worksheet has a tab.
By default, a workbook has three sheets and they are named sequentially, starting with Sheet1.
The name of the worksheet appears on the tab. Before moving to the next topic, move to a new
worksheet. The exercise that follows shows you how.

Move to a New Worksheet

 Click Sheet2 in the lower-left corner of the screen. Excel moves to Sheet2.

Task 3.13: Bold, Italicize, and Underline

When creating an Excel worksheet, you may want to emphasize the contents of cells by bolding,
italicizing, and/or underlining. You can easily bold, italicize, or underline text with Microsoft
Excel. You can also combine these features—in other words, you can bold, italicize, and
underline a single piece of text.
 Application of
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Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

In the exercises that follow, you will learn different methods you can use to bold, italicize, and
underline.

Bold with the Ribbon

1. Type Bold in cell A1.

2. Click the check mark located on the Formula bar.
3. Choose the Home tab.
4. Click the Bold button . Excel bolds the contents of the cell.
5. Click the Bold button again if you wish to remove the bold.
 Application of
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Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

Italicize with the Ribbon

1. Type Italic in cell B1.

2. Click the check mark located on the Formula bar.
3. Choose the Home tab.
4. Click the Italic button . Excel italicizes the contents of the cell.
5. Click the Italic button again if you wish to remove the italic.

Underline with the Ribbon

Microsoft Excel provides two types of underlines. The exercises that follow illustrate them.

Single Underline:
 Application of
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Lecturer: Talha Tariq

1. Type Underline in cell C1.

2. Click the check mark located on the Formula bar.
3. Choose the Home tab.
4. Click the Underline button . Excel underlines the contents of the cell.
5. Click the Underline button again if you wish to remove the underline.

Double Underline

1. Type Underline in cell D1.

 Application of
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Technology Lab
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Lecturer: Talha Tariq

2. Click the check mark located on the Formula bar.

3. Choose the Home tab.
4. Click the down arrow next to the Underline button and then click Double Underline.
Excel double-underlines the contents of the cell. Note that the Underline button changes
to the button shown here , a D with a double underline under it. Then next time you
click the Underline button, you will get a double underline. If you want a single
underline, click the down arrow next to the Double Underline button and then
choose Underline.
5. Click the double underline button again if you wish to remove the double underline.

Bold, Underline, and Italicize

1. Type All three in cell E1.

2. Click the check mark located on the Formula bar.
3. Choose the Home tab.
4. Click the Bold button . Excel bolds the cell contents.
5. Click the Italic button . Excel italicizes the cell contents.
6. Click the Underline button . Excel underlines the cell contents.

Task 3.14: Creating Excel Functions and Filling Cells

By using functions, you can quickly and easily make many useful calculations, such as finding
an average, the highest number, the lowest number, and a count of the number of iteMicrosoft in
a list. Microsoft Excel has many functions that you can use.

Using Reference Operators

To use functions, you need to understand reference operators. Reference operators refer to a cell
or a group of cells. There are two types of reference operators: range and union.

A range reference refers to all the cells between and including the reference. A range reference
consists of two cell addresses separated by a colon. The reference A1:A3 includes cells A1, A2,
and A3. The reference A1:C3 includes cells A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3, C1, C2, and C3.

A union reference includes two or more references. A union reference consists of two or more
numbers, range references, or cell addresses separated by a comma. The reference
A7,B8:B10,C9,10 refers to cells A7, B8 to B10, C9 and the number 10.
 Application of
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Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

Understanding Functions

Functions are prewritten formulas. Functions differ from regular formulas in that you supply the
value but not the operators, such as +, -, *, or /. For example, you can use the SUM function to
add. When using a function, remember the following:

Use an equal sign to begin a formula.

Specify the function name.

Enclose arguments within parentheses. Arguments are values on which you want to perform the
calculation. For example, arguments specify the numbers or cells you want to add.

Use a comma to separate arguments.

Here is an example of a function:

=SUM (2, 13,A1,B2:C7)

In this function:

The equal sign begins the function.

SUM is the name of the function.

2, 13, A1, and B2:C7 are the arguments.

Parentheses enclose the arguments.

Commas separate the arguments.

After you type the first letter of a function name, the AutoComplete list appears. You can
double-click on an item in the AutoComplete list to complete your entry quickly. Excel will
complete the function name and enter the first parenthesis.

Functions

The SUM function adds argument values.

 Application of
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Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

1. Open Microsoft Excel.

2. Type 12 in cell B1.
3. Press Enter.
4. Type 27 in cell B2.
5. Press Enter.
6. Type 24 in cell B3.
7. Press Enter.
8. Type =SUM(B1:B3) in cell A4.
9. Press Enter. The sum of cells B1 to B3, which is 33, appears.

Alternate Method: Enter a Function with the Ribbon

 Application of
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Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

1. Type 150 in cell C1.

2. Press Enter.
3. Type 85 in cell C2.
4. Press Enter.
5. Type 35 in cell C3.
6. Choose the Formulas tab.
7. Click the Insert Function button. The Insert Function dialog box appears.
8. Choose Math & Trig in the Or Select A Category box.
9. Click Sum in the Select A Function box.
10. Click OK. The Function Arguments dialog box appears.

12. Type C1:C3 in the Number1 field, if it does not automatically appear.
13. Click OK. The sum of cells C1 to C3, which is 300, appears.

Format worksheet

1. Move to cell A4.

2. Type the word Sum.
3. Select cells B4 to C4.
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

4. Choose the Home tab.

5. Click the down arrow next to the Borders button .
6. Click Top and Double Bottom Border.

As you learned in Lesson 2, you can also calculate a sum by using the AutoSum button .

Calculate an Average

You can use the AVERAGE function to calculate the average of a series of numbers.

1. Move to cell A3.

2. Type Average. Press the right arrow key to move to cell B3.
3. Type =AVERAGE(B1:B3).
4. Press Enter. The average of cells B1 to B3, which is 21, appears.

Calculate an Average with the AutoSum Button

In Microsoft Excel, you can use the AutoSum button to calculate an average.
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

1. Move to cell C3.

2. Choose the Home tab.
3. Click the down arrow next to the AutoSum button .
4. Click Average.

5. Select cells C1 to C3.

6. Press Enter. The average of cells C1 to C3, which is 100, appears.

Find the Lowest Number

You can use the MIN function to find the lowest number in a series of numbers.
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

1. Move to cell A7.

2. Type Min.
3. Press the right arrow key to move to cell B7.
4. Type = MIN(B1:B3).
5. Press Enter. The lowest number in the series, which is 12, appears.

Note: You can also use the drop-down button next to the AutoSum button to calculate
minimums, maximums, and counts.

Find the Highest Number

You can use the MAX function to find the highest number in a series of numbers.

.
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

1. Move to cell A8.

2. Type Max.
3. Press the right arrow key to move to cell B8.
4. Type = MAX(B1:B3).
5. Press Enter. The highest number in the series, which is 27, appears.

Count the Numbers in a Series of Numbers

You can use the count function to count the number of numbers in a series.

1. Move to cell A9.

2. Type Count.
3. Press the right arrow key to move to cell B9.
4. Choose the Home tab.
5. Click the down arrow next to the AutoSum button .
6. Click Count Numbers. Excel places the count function in cell C9 and takes a guess at
which cells you want to count. The guess is incorrect, so you must select the proper cells.
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

7. Select B1 to B3.
8. Press Enter. The number of iteMicrosoft in the series, which is 3, appears.

Task 3.15: Fill Cells Automatically

You can use Microsoft Excel to fill cells automatically with a series. For example, you can have
Excel automatically fill your worksheet with days of the week, months of the year, years, or
other types of series.
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

Fill Cells Automatically

The following demonstrates filling the days of the week:

1. Click the Sheet2 tab. Excel moves to Sheet2.

2. Move to cell A1.
3. Type Sun.
4. Move to cell B1.
5. Type Sunday.
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

6. Select cells A1 to B1.

7. Choose the Home tab.
8. Click the Bold button . Excel bolds cells A1 to B1.
9. Find the small black square in the lower-right corner of the selected area. The small black
square is called the fill handle.
10. Grab the fill handle and drag with your mouse to fill cells A1 to B14. Note how the days
of the week fill the cells in a series. Also, note that the Auto Fill Options button appears.
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

Copy Cells

1. Click the Auto Fill Options button. The Auto Fill Options menu appears.
2. Choose the Copy Cells radio button. The entry in cells A1 and B1 are copied to all the
highlighted cells.
3. Click the Auto Fill Options button again.
4. Choose the Fill Series radio button. The cells fill as a series from Sunday to Saturday
again.
5. Click the Auto Fill Options button again.
6. Choose the Fill Without Formatting radio button. The cells fill as a series from Sunday to
Saturday, but the entries are not bolded.
7. Click the Auto Fill Options button again.
8. Choose the Fill Weekdays radio button. The cells fill as a series from Monday to Friday.

Adjust Column Width

Some of the entries in column B are too long to fit in the column. You can quickly adjust the
column width to fit the longest entry.
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

1. Move your mouse pointer over the line that separates column B and C. The Width
Indicator appears.

2. Double-click. The Column adjusts to fit the longest entry.

After you complete the remainder of the exercise, your worksheet will look like the one shown
here.

Fill Times

The following demonstrates filling time:

1. Type 1:00 into cell C1.

2. Grab the fill handle and drag with your mouse to highlight cells C1 to C14. Note that
each cell fills, using military time.
3. Press Esc and then click anywhere on the worksheet to remove the highlighting.
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

To change the format of the time:

1. Select cells C1 to C14.

2. Choose the Home tab.
3. Click the down arrow next to the number format box . A menu appears.
4. Click Time. Excel changes the format of the time.

Task 3.16: To know the term Internet and WWW

The Internet is an increasingly important part of everyday life for people around the world. But
if you've never used the Internet before, all of this new information might feel a bit confusing at
first.

Throughout this tutorial, we'll try to answer some basic questions you may have about the
Internet and how it's used. When you're done, you'll have a good understanding of how the
Internet works, how to connect to the Internet, and how to browse the Web.

What is the Internet?

The Internet is a global network of billions of computers and other electronic devices. With the
Internet, it's possible to access almost any information, communicate with anyone else in the
world, and do much more.

You can do all of this by connecting a computer to the Internet, which is also called going online.
When someone says a computer is online, it's just another way of saying it's connected to the
Internet.
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

WHERE DID INTERNET COME FROM?

Created by US department of defense in 1969 called ARPANET. Internet was built for two
purposes the first is to share research among military, industry and university resources and
secondly to provide a system for sustaining communication among military in nuclear attack.

▪ INTERnatioanl NETwork

▪ Networks of Networks

▪ Smaller networks are formed by educational, commercial, nonprofit, government and military
entities

▪ Each of these smaller networks makes its own decision what to make available on the internet

How does the Internet work?

 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

At this point you may be wondering, how does the Internet work? The exact answer is pretty
complicated and would take a while to explain. Instead, let's look at some of the most important
things you should know.

It's important to realize that the Internet is a global network of physical cables, which can include
copper telephone wires, TV cables, and fiber optic cables. Even wireless connections like Wi-Fi
and 3G/4G rely on these physical cables to access the Internet.

When you visit a website, your computer sends a request over these wires to a server. A server is
where websites are stored, and it works a lot like your computer's hard drive. Once the request
arrives, the server retrieves the website and sends the correct data back to your computer. What's
amazing is that this all happens in just a few seconds!

Internet Addresses

Because the Internet is a global network of computers each computer connected to the
Internet must have a unique address. Internet addresses are in the form nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn where
nnn must be a number from 0 - 255. This address is known as an IP address. (IP stands for
Internet Protocol; more on this later.)

The picture below illustrates two computers connected to the Internet; your computer with IP
address 1.2.3.4 and another computer with IP address 5.6.7.8. The Internet is represented as an
abstract object in-between with the help of IP addresses.
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

BASIC SERVICES

Electronic Mail (Email)

One of the best features of the Internet is the ability to communicate almost instantly with
anyone in the world. Email is one of the oldest and most universal ways to communicate and
share information on the Internet, and billions of people use it. Rapid and productive
communication tool for millions of users. Enables a Internet user to send mail to another Internet
user in any part of the world in real time manner.

Why email is given preference over paper mail, telephone and fax?

Social media allows people to connect in a variety of ways and build communities online. There
are many other things you can do on the Internet. There are thousands of ways to keep up with
news or shop for anything online. You can pay your bills, manage your bank accounts, meet new
people, watch TV, or learn new skills. You can learn or do almost anything online.

What is WWW?

The World Wide Web—usually called the Web for short—is a collection of
different websites you can access through the Internet. A website is made up of related text,
images, and other resources. Websites can resemble other forms of media—like newspaper
articles or television programs—or they can be interactive in a way that's unique to computers.

The purpose of a website can be almost anything: a news platform, an advertisement, an online
library, a forum for sharing images, or an educational site like us!

The Web, as it's commonly known, is often confused with the internet. Although the two are
intricately connected, they are different things. The internet is, as its name implies, a network -- a
vast, global network that incorporates a multitude of lesser networks. As such, the internet
consists of supporting infrastructure and other technologies. In contrast, the Web is a
communications model that, through HTTP, enables the exchange of information over the
internet.

FUNDAMENTALS OF WORLD WIDE WEB

 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

Web Pages are Hypertext documents on internet

A Web site is a collection of related Web pages and associated items

HTML is a powerful language for linking documents for easier electronic access and
manipulation

HTTP is client-server model + Internet Protocol

Web server is any computer on Internet that uses HTTP protocol.

Web Client is any computer accessing that server

WWW BROWSERS

A web browser displays a web document and enables users to access web documents.

Examples:

Internet Explorer

Mozilla

Firefox

Netscape

Google Chrome
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

Lab 03 Tasks
(Microsoft EXCEL)
Semester 01 (Fall 2021)
 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

Exercises

Exercise 1

1. Create a Blank workbook

2. Save the Workbook as ExcelLabSix.xlsx
3. Type “Working with Excel Math” in cell A1
4. Merge and Center the text in cell A1 to the range A1:E1
5. Apply Title style to the range A1:E1
6. Type Addition in cell A2
7. Type Subtraction in cell A3
8. Type Multiplication in cell A4
9. Type Division in cell A5
10. Auto-fit the contents in column A
11. Insert a row above row #2
12. Type “Basic Math” in cell A2
13. Merge and Center the text in cell A2 to the range A2:E2
14. Apply Heading 4 to the range A2:E2
15. Apply the Calculation Style to the range A3:A3
16. Type = 4 + 3 / 2 in cell B3 then type = (4 + 3) / 2 in cell D3
17. Type = 3 – 3 * 2 in cell B4 then type = (3 – 3) * 2 in cell D4
18. Type = 2 * 2 + 3 in cell B5 then type = (2 * 2) + 3 in cell D5
19. Type = 9 / 3 + 4 in cell B3 then type = ( 9 / 3 ) + 4 in cell D3
20. Press Ctrl + ~ then press Ctrl + ~ again
21. Save and submit ExcelLabSix.xlsx to your instructor
22. Note. Don’t forget to add your full Name in the Excel Sheet.

Here Is a Sample Solution

 Application of
Information and
Communication
Technology Lab
Semester 01 (Fall 2023)
Lecturer: Talha Tariq

Exercise 2

ATTENDANCE SHEET
Create a sheet as shown below. The sheet determines the count of “P‟ for each student.
Also use a formula to calculate percentage.
Contif(A1:A10, “P”)

% of
total