WEATHER FORCASTING PROJECT

S UBMITTED
BY
Ms. RASMITA SAHOO
(2305298150)
Ms. SHRUTI RACHAITA SAHOO
(2305298186)

U NDER THE G UIDANCE OF

Mr. Purushottam Kumar

DEPARTMENT OF MASTERS IN
COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

GIFT AUTONOMOUS COLLEGE,

BHUBANESWAR
( A FFILIATE D TO BIJU P ATNAIK UN IVERSITY OF
TE CHN OLOGY , ODISHA)
 CE RTI FI CA TE

This is to certify that the this is entitled “Weather forecasting Project”

has been carried out by Ms. Rasmita Sahoo (Regd. No.2305298150) and Ms.
Shruti Rachaita Sahoo (Regd. No. 2305298186) under my guidance and
supervision and be accepted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the
degree of Masters in Computer Applications. The report, which is based on
candidate’s own work, has not been submitted else where for a degree. To the
best of my knowledge They bear a good moral character and decent behavior.

Mr. Purushottam Kumar

Project Guide
 DECLA RATION

We Rasmita Sahoo and Shruti Rachaita Sahoo here by declare that this
written submission represents my ideas in my own words and where others’
ideas or words have been included; it has been adequately cited and
referenced the original sources. I also declare that I have adhered to all
principles of academic honesty and integrity and have not misrepresented or
fabricated or falsified any idea/ data/ fact/ source in my submission. I
understand that any violation of the above will be cause for disciplinary action
by the Institute and can also evoke penal action from the sources which have
thus not been properly cited or from whom proper permission has not been
taken when needed.

RASMITA SAHOO SHRUTI RACHAITA SAHOO

( 230 5298150 ) ( 2 3 0 5 2 9 8 1 86 )
 B O N A F I D E C E R T I F I CA T E

This is to certify that the project work titled “Weather Forecasting

Project ” is a bonafide record of the work done by Ms. Rasmita Sahoo
(2305298150) & Ms. Shruti Rachaita Sahoo (2305298186) in partial fulfilment
of the requirements for the award of the degree Masters In Computer
Applications from Gandhi Institute For Technology (GIFT) under Biju Patnaik
University of Technology (BPUT), Rourkela, Odisha.

Mr. Purushottam Kumar Prof. Smruti Ranjan Swain

PROJECT GUIDE HEAD DEPARTMENT OF MCA

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I am very grateful, thankful and wish to record our
indebtness to Prof. (Dr.) T r i l o c h a n a S a h u , Principal, Gandhi
Institute For Technology (GIFT), Bhubaneswar, for his active
guidance and interest in this project work.

I would also like to thanks Prof. Smruti Ranjan Swain, Head of

Department of Masters In Computer Applications and for his
continued drive for better quality in everything that allowed us to
carry out our project work. I would also like to take the opportunity
to thank Mr. Purushottam Kumar, MCA Project Coordinator.

Lastly, word run to express my gratitude to my Parents and

all the Professors, Lecturers, Technical and Official staffs and
friends for their co-operation, constructive criticism and valuable
suggestions during the preparation of project report.
 ABSTRACT

Weather forecasting is the application of science and technology to predict the

state of the atmosphere for a given location. Ancient weather forecasting methods
usually relied on observed patterns of events, also termed pattern recognition. For
example, it might be observed that if the sunset was particularly red, the following
day often brought fair weather. However, not all of these predictions prove reliable.

Here this system will predict weather based on parameters such as

temperature, humidity and wind. User will enter current temperature; humidity and
wind, System will take this parameter and will predict weather(rainfall in inches)
from previous data in database(dataset). The role of the admin is to add previous
weather data in database, so that system will calculate weather(estimated rainfall in
inches) based on these data. Weather forecasting system takes parameters such as
temperature, humidity, and wind and will forecast weather based on previous record
therefore this prediction will prove reliable. This system can be used in Air Traffic,
Marine, Agriculture, Forestry, Military, and Navy etc.
 INTRODUCTION

Weather forecasting is the scientific process of predicting atmospheric conditions

for a specific location and time. It involves analyzing data collected from various
sources such as satellites, weather stations, radars, and ocean buoys to understand
patterns in temperature, humidity, wind speed, and pressure. By leveraging
advanced mathematical models and computational tools, meteorologists simulate
how these factors interact to predict future weather events.
Modern weather forecasting traces its roots back to the 19th century when
advancements in telegraphy allowed the rapid exchange of weather data. Today, it
combines cutting-edge technology with meteorological expertise. Supercomputers
analyze vast datasets, producing short-term and long-term forecasts with increasing
accuracy.
Forecasting serves critical purposes, from guiding agricultural practices to aiding
disaster preparedness. For example, early warnings about hurricanes, tornadoes, or
heavy rains can save lives and minimize economic losses. Additionally, weather
predictions influence transportation, construction, and energy management,
underscoring their significance in everyday life.
Despite remarkable progress, weather forecasting still faces challenges due to the
complexity of atmospheric systems and the unpredictability of localized
phenomena. Continuous advancements in technology and a deeper understanding
of climate dynamics are vital for improving accuracy and reliability, ensuring
societies worldwide are better equipped to respond to changing weather conditions.
SOURCE CODE

# Function to fetch weather data

def get_weather(city, api_key):
base_url = "http://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?"
complete_url = f"{base_url}q={city}&appid={api_key}&units=metric" # Using
metric for temperature in Celsius

response = requests.get(complete_url)

# Check if the request was successful (status code 200)

if response.status_code == 200:
data = response.json() # Convert the response to JSON format

# Extract data from the JSON response

main_data = data['main']
wind_data = data['wind']
weather_data = data['weather'][0]

# Get the weather details

city_name = data['name']
temperature = main_data['temp']
pressure = main_data['pressure']
humidity = main_data['humidity']
weather_description = weather_data['description']
wind_speed = wind_data['speed']
# Print the weather information
print(f"Weather in {city_name}:")
print(f"Temperature: {temperature}°C")
print(f"Pressure: {pressure} hPa")
print(f"Humidity: {humidity}%")
print(f"Weather: {weather_description}")
print(f"Wind Speed: {wind_speed} m/s")

else:
print("City not found or error in API request.")

# Get your OpenWeatherMap API key

api_key = "YOUR_API_KEY" # Replace with your API key

# Get the city name from the user

city = input("Enter city name: ")

# Call the function to get the weather

get_weather(city, api_key)
Output:-
CONCLUSION

In this weather forecasting project, our aim was to improve the accuracy and reliability of weather
predictions by integrating various data sources and employing advanced analytical techniques. Over
the course of this project, we collected, processed, and analyzed diverse datasets including historical
weather data, satellite imagery, atmospheric pressure readings, and oceanic currents. By leveraging
machine learning algorithms and statistical models, we developed a comprehensive framework that
not only enhances the accuracy of short-term weather predictions but also provides valuable insights
for long-term climate forecasting.

One of the key challenges we encountered was the integration of heterogeneous data sources, each
with its own format, quality, and resolution. To address this challenge, we employed data
preprocessing techniques such as data cleaning, normalization, and feature extraction. Additionally,
we utilized advanced data fusion methods to combine information from multiple sources and create a
unified representation of environmental conditions. This integrated approach enabled us to capture
complex relationships and patterns in the data, leading to more accurate and robust weather
predictions.

Another significant aspect of our project was the development of predictive models using machine
learning algorithms. We experimented with various techniques including regression, classification,
and neural networks to forecast parameters such as temperature, precipitation, wind speed, and cloud
cover. Through iterative experimentation and model refinement, we identified the most effective
algorithms and features for each prediction task. By training our models on large datasets and
validating them against independent test sets, we demonstrated their ability to generalize well and
perform reliably in real-world scenarios.
REFERENCE

Textbooks:-

1. Data Mining: The Textbook 2015 Edition, Kindle

Editionby Charu C. Aggarwal .

2. Data Mining: Concepts and TechniquesBy Jiawei Han, Jian Pei,

Micheline Kamber.

Weblinks:-

1) https://towardsdatascience.com/introduction-to-machine-learning-
algorithms-linear-regression-14c4e325882a

2) https://www.kaggle.com/grubenm/austin-weather