Optimizing Inventory

Management Systems
Through Database
Normalization
This presentation explores the challenges of inventory management in
logistics warehouses and proposes a solution through database
normalization. We will analyze data anomalies, demonstrate normalization
techniques, and present a refined database schema for improved efficiency.

by Slr events
The Problem: Data Anomalies and Inefficiencies
Data Redundancy Update Anomalies Insertion and Deletion
Anomalies
Repeated supplier information leads to Changing supplier details requires
wasted storage space and potential updating multiple records, increasing the Adding new suppliers or deleting
inconsistencies. risk of errors. inventory items can lead to data loss or
inconsistencies.
Sample Data: A Real-World Representation
Ord Produ Product Custo Order_ Orde Suppli Supplie Warehou

er_I ct_Na _Catego mer_Na Quantit r_Dat er_Na r_Conta se_Locati

D me ry me y e me ct on

OR Produc Electroni John 10 2024- Supplie +62 Jakarta

D00 tA cs Doe 01-01 rX 812345

1 678

OR Produc Furniture Jane 5 2024- Supplie +62 Surabaya

D00 tB Smith 01-02 rY 812987

2 654

OR Produc Electroni Ali 20 2024- Supplie +62 Bandung

D00 tC cs Khan 01-03 rZ 8121112

3 23

OR Produc Electroni Sarah 15 2024- Supplie +62 Jakarta

D00 tA cs Connor 01-04 rX 812345

4 678

OR Produc Clothing Michael 30 2024- Supplie +62 Yogyakart

D00 tD Scott 01-05 rW 812998 a

5 877
Functional Dependencies: The Keys to
Normalization

1 Item ID -> Item Name, 2 Warehouse ID -> 3 Supplier ID -> Supplier

uantity Warehouse Location Name, Supplier Contact
The Item ID uniquely identifies the The Warehouse ID uniquely The Supplier ID uniquely identifies
Item Name and Quantity. identifies the Warehouse Location. the Supplier Name and Supplier
Contact.
First Normal Form (1NF): Atomic Values and Unique
Rows
Ord Produ Product Custo Order_ Orde Suppli Supplie Warehou

er l ct Na Catego mer Na Quantit r Dat er Na r Conta se Locati

D me ry me y e me ct on

OR Produc Electroni John 10 2024- Supplie +62 Jakarta

D00 tA CS Doe 01-01 rX 812345

1 678

OR Produc Furniture Jane 5 2024- Supplie +62 Surabaya

D00 tB Smith 01-02 rY 812987

2 654

OR Produc Electroni Ali 20 2024- Supplie +62 Bandung

D00 tC CS Khan 01-03 rZ 8121112

3 23

OR Produc Electroni Sarah 15 2024- Supplie +62 Jakarta

D00 tA CS Connor 01-04 rX 812345

ব 678

OR Produc Clothing Michael 30 2024- Supplie +62 Yogyakart

D00 tD Scott 01-05 rW 812998 a

5 877
Second Normal Form (2NF): Eliminating Partial
Dependencies
Orders Table Products Table Suppliers Table Order_Details Table

Orde Cust Orde P P P S W Supplier Supplier Orde Prod Orde

r ID ome r Dat r r r u a Nam Conta r ID uct l r
r Na o o o p r Qua
d d d p e e ct ntit
me e u u u li h
Supplier +62 D y
c c c e o
ORD John 2024 X 8123456
t t t r u
001 Doe -01- 78 ORD P00 10
l N _ _ s
01 001 1
a C N e
Supplier +62
a a L
ORD Jane 2024 Y 8129876 ORD P00 5
t o
002 Smit -01- 54 002 2
e c
h 02
g a Supplier +62 ORD P00 20
ORD Ali 2024 o t Z 8121112 003 3
003 Kha -01- i 23
n 03 ORD P00 15
D m r m o Supplier +62 004 1
ORD Sara 2024 e y e n W 8129988
004 h -01- 77 ORD P00 30
P P E S J 005 4
Con 04
0 r l u a
nor
0 o e p k

ORD Mich 2024 1 d c p a

005 ael -01- u t li r

Scot 05 c r e t

t t o r a
A n X
i
c
s

P P F S S
0 r u u u
0 o r p r
2 d n p a
u i li b
c t e a
t u r y
B r Y a
e

P P E S B
0 r l u a
0 o e p n
3 d c p d
u t li u
c r e n
t o r g
C n Z
i
c
s

P P C S Y
0 r l u o
0 o o p g
4 d t p y
u h li a
c i e k
t n r a
D g W r
t
a
Third Normal Form (3NF): Eliminating Transitive
Dependencies
Orders Table Order_Details Table Products Table Suppliers Table

Orde Cust Orde Orde Prod Orde Pr Pr Pr Su Supp Supp Supp

r ID ome r Dat r ID uct I r od od od pp lier I lier lier
r_Na Qua uc uc uc lie Nam Cont
ntit tI t t rI a
me e N C
D y a at D e ct
ORD John 2024
m eg
001 Doe -01- ORD P00 10 S001 Supp +62
or
01 001 1 lier X 8123
D e y D 4567
ORD Jane 2024 ORD P00 5 8
002 Smit -01- 002 2 P0 Pr El S0
h 02 01 od ec 01 S002 Supp +62
ORD P00 20 lier Y 8129
uc tr
ORD Ali 2024 003 3 8765
t on
003 Kha -01- 4
A ic
n 03 ORD P00 15
s
004 1 S003 Supp +62
ORD Sara 2024 lier Z 8121
P0 Pr Fu S0
004 h -01- ORD P00 30
02 od rni 02 1122
Con 04 005 4
uc tu 3
nor
t re
S004 Supp +62
B
ORD Mich 2024 lier 8129
005 ael -01- W 9887
P0 Pr El S0
Scot 05 7
03 od ec 03
t
uc tr
t on
C ic
s

P0 Pr Cl S0
04 od ot 04
uc hi
t ng
D
Entity-Relationship Diagram
(ERD): Visualizing the Refined
Schema
The ERD provides a visual representation of the normalized database schema,
showing the entities and their relationships. This diagram helps to understand
the data structure and its logical connections.
Benefits of Normalization:
Improved Efficiency and Data
Integrity
Reduced Redundancy Enhanced Data Integrity
Eliminates duplicate data, saving Ensures data accuracy and
storage space and improving consistency, reducing errors and
data consistency. improving decision-making.

Improved Performance Scalability

Faster data retrieval and Supports future growth and
processing, leading to improved expansion of the warehouse
operational efficiency. operations.
Next Steps: Implementation
and Evaluation
The next step is to implement the normalized database schema using SQL
scripts and populate it with sample data. We will then evaluate the
performance of the refined system and compare it to the un-normalized
system to demonstrate the benefits of normalization.