Atomic Structure-XI

1. Atoms consist of protons, neutrons and electrons. If the mass of neutrons and electrons were made half and two
times respectively to their actual masses, then the atomic mass of 6C12.
(A) Will remain approximately the same (B) Will remain approximately half
(C) Will become approximately two times (D) Will be reduced by 25%
2. Which of the following is not true in Rutherford's nuclear model of atom
(A) Protons and neutrons are present inside nucleus (B) Volume of nucleus is very small as compared to atom
(C) number of protons and neutrons are always equal (D) The number of electrons and protons are always equal
3. When a - particles are sent thought a thin metal foil, most of them go straight through the foil because (one or more
are correct)
(A) Alpha particles are much heavier than electrons (B) Alpha particles are positively charged
(C) Most part of the atom is empty space (D) Alpha particles move with high velocity
4. Bohr's model can explain
(A) The spectrum of hydrogen atom only (B) Spectrum of atom of iron containing one electron only
(C) The spectrum of hydrogen molecule (D) The solar spectrum
5. The ratio of the energy of a photon of2000 A wavelength radiation to that of4000 A radiation is
(A) 1/4 (B)4 (C) 1 / 2 (D) 2
6. Bohr model of an atom could not account for
(A) Emission spectrum (B) Absorption spectrum (C) Line spectrum of hydrogen (D) Fine spectrum
7. The maximum energy is present in any electron at
(A) Nucleus (B) Ground state (C) First excited state (D) Infinite distance from the nucleus
8. When alpha particles are sent through a thin metal foil, most of them go straight through the foil because :
(A) alpha particles are much heavier than electrons (B) alpha particles are positively charged
(C) most part of the atom is empty space (D) alpha particle move with high velocity
9. Which electronic level would allow the hydrogen atom to absorb a photon but not to emit a photon
(A) 3s (B)2p (C)2s (D) 1s
10. A certain laser transition emits 6.37 × 1015 quanta per second per square meter. The power output in joules per
square meter per second would be (l = 632.8 nm).
(A) 5 × 10-5 J m-2 sec-1 (B) 2 × 10-3 J m-2 sec-1 (C) 9.2 × 10-3 J m-2 sec-1 (D) none of the above
11. The uncertainity in the location of circulating electron is equal to its de Broglie wavelength. The minimum percent
error in its measurement of velocity under this circumstance will be approximately
(A) 4 (B)8 (C)16 (D)22
12. The third line in Balmer series corresponds to an electronic transition between which Bohr's orbits in hydrogen
(A) 5 3 (B) 52 (C) 4 3 (D) 4  2
13. A certain dye absorbs 4530 A0 and fluoresces at 5080 A0 these being wavelengths of maximum absorption that
under given conditions 47% of the absorbed energy is emitted. Calculate the ratio of the no. of quanta emitted to
the number absorbed.
14. The reaction between H2, and Br2 to form HBr in presence of light is initiated by the photo decomposition of Br2
into free Br atoms (free radicals) by absorption of light. The bond dissociation energy of Br2, is 192 KJ/mole. What
is the longest wavelength of the photon that would initiate the reaction?
15. Calculate the wavelength of the radiation that would cause photo dissociation of chlorine molecule if the CI- CI
bond energy is 243 KJ/mol.
16. A photon having X - 854 A0 causes the ionization of a nitrogen atom. Give the I.E. per mole of nitrogen in KJ.
17. Calculate the threshold frequency of metal if the binding energy is 180.69 KJ/mol of electron.
18. Calculate the binding energy per mole when threshold frequency to the wavelength of240 nm.
19. The dissociation energy of H, is 430.53 KJ/mol. If H2 is exposed to radiant energy of wavelength 253.7 nm, what
% of radiant energy will be converted into K.E.
20. Suppose 10-7J of light energy is needed by the interior of the human eye to see an object. Flow mam photons of
green light (X = 550 nm) are needed to generate this minimum amount of energy.
21. What is de-Broglie wavelength of a He-atom in a container at room temperature?
22. A proton is accelerated to one- tenth of the velocity of light. If its velocity can be measured with a precision + 1 %.
What must be its uncertainty in position?
23. To what effective potential a proton beam be subjected to give its protons a wavelength of l0-10 m?
24. What is de Broglie wavelength associated with an e- accelerated through P.D. = 100 KV?
25. Find the number of photons of radiation of frequency 5 x 1013 sec-1 that must be absorbed in order to melt one
gram of ice when the latent heat of fusion of ice is 330 J/g.
26. A baseball of mass 200 g is moving with velocity 30 x 102 cm/s. If we can locate the baseball with an error equal in
magnitude to the A, of the light used (5000 A), how will the uncertainty in momentum be compared with the total
momentum of baseball.
27. An electron has a speed of 40 m/s, accurate up to 99.99%. What is the uncertainty in locating its position?
28. An alpha particle after passing through a potential difference of 2 x 106 volt falls on a silver foil. The atomic
number of silver is 47. Calculate (i) the K.E. of the alpha-particle at the time of falling on the foil, (ii) K.E. of the a
- particle at a distance of 5 x 10-14m from the nucleus, (iii) the shortest distance from the nucleus of silver to which
the a-particle reaches.
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29. Calculate the de-broglie wavelength associated with motion of earth (mass 6 x 10 Kg) orbiting around the sun at
a speed of 3 x 106 m/s.
30. Iodine molecule dissociates into atoms after absorbing light of4500A0. If one quantum of radiation is absorbed by
each molecule, calculate the K.E. of iodine atoms (Bond energy of I2= 240 KJ/mol)
31. Calculate the number of photons emitted by 100 W yellow lamp (wave length=560 nm) in one second.
32. What is the mass of one photon?
33. How many moles of photon would contain sufficient energy to raise the temperature of 225 g of water 21°C to 96°C?
Specific heat of water is 4.18 J g–1 K–1 and frequency of light radiation used is 2.45 × 109 s–1.
34. In the measurement of the quantum efficiency of photosynthesis in green plants, it was found that 8 quanta of red
light at 6850 Å were needed to release one molecule of O2. The average energy storage in the photosynthesis process
is 112 kcal/mol O2 released. What is the energy conversion efficiency in the photosynthetic process?
35. With what velocity should an α particle travel towards the nucleus of a copper atom so as to arrive at a distance 10–13
meter from the nucleus of the copper atom?
36. Hydrogen when subjected to photo-dissociation yields one normal atom and one atom possessing 1.97 eV more
energy than normal atom. The bond dissociation energy of hydrogen molecule into normal atoms is 103 kcals mol–1 .
Compute the wave length of effective photon for photo dissociation of hydrogen molecule in the given case.
37. Calculate the uncertainty in position assuming uncertainty in momentum within 0.1 % for : (a) a tennis ball weighing
0.2 kg and moving with a velocity of 10 m/s. (b) an electron moving in an atom with a velocity of 2 × 106 m/s.
38. Calculate the de Broglie wave length of yourself travelling at 8 kmh-1. What does your wavelength become when you
stop?
39. How fast would a particle of mass 1.0 gm need to travel to have the same linear momentum as a photon of radiation
of wave length 300nm?
40. Calculate the minimum uncertainty in the speed of a ball of mass of 500 gm that is known to be within 5.0 μm of a
certain point on a bat?
41. Calculate the de Broglie wavelengths of (a) an electron moving with velocity 1.0 ×106 ms-1 and (b) a baseball of mass
0.145 kg, thrown with a velocity of 30 m s-1 (c) Suppose photons of green light (wavelength 5.3 × 1027 m) are used to
locate the position of the baseball with precision of one wavelength. Calculate the minimum spread in the speed of
the baseball.
42. At the time that J. J. Thomson conducted his experiments on cathode rays, the nature of the electron was in doubt.
Some considered it to be a form of radiation, like light; others believed the electron to be a particle. Some of the
observations made on cathode rays were used to advance one view or the other. Explain how each of the following
properties of cathode rays supports either the wave or the particle model of the electron. (a) They pass through metal
foils. (b) They travel at speeds slower than that of light. (c) If an object is placed in their path, they cast a shadow. (d)
Their path is deflected when they are passed between electrically charged plates.
43. Calculate the de Broglie wavelength of the following:
(a) electrons that have been accelerated to a kinetic energy of 1.20 × 107 J mol-1
(b) a helium atom moving at a speed of 353 m s-1 (the root-mean-square speed of helium atoms at 20 K)
(c) a krypton atom moving at a speed of 299 m s-1 (the root-mean-square speed of krypton atoms at 300 K)
44. A bulb emits light of λ = 4500 Å . The bulb is rated as 150 watt and 8 % of the energy is emitted as light. How many
photons are emitted by the bulb per second?
45. Consider the following statements about electromagnetic radiation and decide whether they are true or false. If they
are false, correct them. (a) The total intensity of radiation emitted from a black body at absolute temperature T is
directly proportional to the temperature. (b) As the temperature of a black body increases, the wavelength at which
the maximum intensity is found decreases. (c) Photons of radio-frequency radiation are higher in energy than photons
of ultraviolet radiation.
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