LEARNING OUTCOME NO.

3:Press Finished Garment

CONTENTS:

● Pressing tools and their uses

● General Pressing Tecniques

● Procedure in Pressing Finished Garment

● Characteristics of well-pressed Garments

● Methods of Removing Stains on Finished Garment

● Types and functions of finishing touches

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Fabrics and pressing tools are prepared according to the standard operating
procedure. 2. Pressing tool temperature is set in accordance with the fabric
specification.
3. Pressing is sequenced in accordance with the work specifications.
4. Faults, spots, and marks are identified and appropriate actions are taken in
accordance with the quality standards.
CONDITIONS:

● Needles

● Cut fabrics

● Pins

● Testing fabrics

● Threads

● Cutting table

● Tailors chalk/pencil

● Cutting tool

● Tape measure

● Steam Iron

● Cutting shears

● Ironing board

● Specification sheet
 ● Model/dress form

● Seam ripper

● Sleeve board/ham

● Testing fabric

● Garment sample

METHODOLOGIES:
● Discussion
● Demonstration
ASSESSMENT METHODS:
● Direct Observation
● Demonstration
● Oral Test

INFORMATION SHEET 1.1-3

Pressing Finished Garments

Learning Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
1. identify the pressing tools and their uses;
2. execute the general techniques in pressing garment
3. follow the procedure in pressing finished garment;
4. discuss the methods of removing stain from fabrics; and

5. appreciate the beauty of well finished garments.

● LET US STUDY

Words to Study
 ● Cuff-band on hems of sleeves encircling arms for short sleeves or long sleeves.
● Lapel- part front coat that folds back when the collar is being worn
● Ruffle- strip or piece of fabric attached to hems or ends of any garment
article where it is applicable
● Scorch- to iron dry on the surface
● Stain- a small soil or disclosed area
● Yoke-a fitted portion on the upper part of the bodice, blouse or skirt is served

Pressing

Pressing is important in garment construction for it shapes and set stitched lines. It is
done on the seam and darts to lay flat the point pieces.

Before beginning to press; remember these following points

● Be sure that iron is clean.
● Care should be taken when pressing silk, wool, and rayon.
● Iron is not being too hot for wool and silk will be yellowed and scorched at
a comparatively high temperature.
● A hot iron will melt rayon fibers.
● Press wool and silk on the wrong side.
● Pressing on the right side produces an undesirable shine.
● Cotton and linen may be pressed on either sides.
● Vegetables fibers stand a hotter iron than those of animal origin.
● They are easier to press when slightly damp.

Pressing Tools and Equipment and Their Uses

1. An electric iron is used in straightening wrinkle on finished
garment for a neat appearance.

2. An ironing board is padded, smooth and adjustable in height.

The cover should be kept clean and smooth for ready use.

3. Ironing board sheet cover should be made of cotton

or linen with light colors and it is used
in covering the ironing board.

4. Bowls and sponges are used to

dampen fabrics for easy ironing.

5. Press cloth is used to prevent iron shine and

is always used when applying fusible interfacing.

How to Use an Iron

● Do not let the iron cord drag over your work.
● To avoid scorching the iron board cover, tilt the iron back on its heel when not in use.
● If starch or sizing is stuck to the iron, let it cool, and then scour it with soap and non
scratching scouring powder or baking soda.
● Turn off the iron when it is not in use. It is safe to use distilled water on steam iron.

General Pressing Techniques

● Regulate the iron temperature as directed on the permanent care label, or on the
dial setting for the fabric. If you are unsure about the fiber content, begin by
testing it with low temperature setting.
● If you are working on the thin fabrics or doing slow work, as in shrinking or pressing
gathers, keep the iron temperature slightly lower than for heavier fabrics.
● Line and cotton require considerable moisture or eliminating wrinkle and should be
pressed until dry for smooth finish.
● Wool requires moisture in pressing to prevent damage to the fibers - dry heat
maker them brittle.
● Thick materials need more pressure.
● Thermoplastic, man made-fibers are heat sensitive for they tend to melt and glaze.
These fabrics often press better dry.
 ● Use the tips or edge of the iron on seams, hold the iron above the fabric and apply
it light by easily damaged texture.
● Press with grain.
● Avoid pressing over basting or pins.
● Press embroidery, brand buttons, and such rough textures from the wrong side
over the soft pad.
● Press collars, lapels, cuff, belts, and pocket first on the wrong side. Then finish
them on the right side very lightly over a press cloth.
● Avoid lengthwise creases in sleeves or lapels.
● Remove any stains or soil before pressing, as heat would probably set the stain.

Procedure in Pressing Finished Garments

1. Press interior parts, such as pocket facings, seams, linings, and shoulder pads.
2. Press dangling parts, such as sleeves and sashes.
3. Press ruffles and gathers before the other parts.
4. Press yoke and shoulder seams before the lower blouse.
5. Press the top parts of long garment before the lower part, blouse
before skirt, skirt top before lower part of the skirt.
6. Collar is usually the last because its position next to the face is so
important.
7. Hang the garment on a well padded hanger to dry completely, without crowding.

Characteristics of Well Pressed Garments

Pressing can be added to a garment's attractiveness. How will you

know if you have pressed carefully? There are some signs that
indicate a well-done job.
● The garment is free of wrinkles.
● The original texture has been preserved.
● The original shape of the garment has been maintained.
● No outline on the inside details slows on the outside.
● Inside long seams have been pressed open if they were pressed
 open originally.

Methods of Removing Stain from Fabrics

Stain Cotton and Linen Rayon,Silk,and Wool

Blood ● New stain: Soak in ● Cover with paste of

cold or lukewarm raw starch and water.
water for several Let dry and brush.
hours in soapy water.
● Old stain: Soak in ● Sponge in cold or
warm water and lukewarm water.
ammonia. Use 2 Remove grease spot
tablespoon of with solvent.
ammonia to 1 gallon
of water.

Coffee ● Wash in ordinary ● Sponge the stain with

washing. cold or lukewarm
● Lay garment with water.
stain over a vessel.
Pour boiling water
from length of 2 or 3
feet through the
stain.

Fruit ● Stretch the stain and ● Use warm water and

material over a basin. sponge the stain. Add
Pour boiling water on few drops of ammonia
the spot from a length to hydrogen peroxide,
of 3 to 4 inches.4 and then lightly
inches. sponge the spot.

Grease ● 1. Wash as in ordinary ● Sponge with alcohol.

laundering. Naptha
soap is especially
good.

Iron rust ● Sprinkle the stain with ● Use the same methods
salt moisture and with usually for cotton and
lemon juice and place linen.
in the sum. Repeat
process if necessary.
● 2. For white material
use few drops of oxalic
acid. Wash the acid
out thoroughly with
water.
LET US REMEMBER

The achievement of professional appearance in pressing requires understanding and

careful attention to fabric construction, fiber content and finishing touches.

HOW MUCH HAVE YOU LEARNED?

Questions:

1. What are the characteristics of a well-pressed garment?

2. How does one judge a well-fitted garment?

3. How are stains, spots and marks removed from a garment?

Purposes of Pressing Finished Garments

● To flatten out the undesirable wrinkles, creases and crush marks.

● To make creases where the garment design needs it.
● To mould the garment to the silhouette of the body.
● To prepare garments for further sewing.

To refinish the garment after completion of the production process

Functions of Pressing Finishing

1. To remove the unwanted creases and crush marks

2. To induce creases to the garment based on the design requirement
3. To enable the garment to fit to the contour of the body
4. To enable further sewing by preparing the garment for next sewing operation
5. To finally finish the garment for packing

1. To remove the unwanted creases and crush marks

During manufacturing, creases form in the garment These are subjected to crushing
during the process due to movement from place to place and handling of the operators.
The creases and crushes formed give a bad appearance to the garment, thus, they need
to be removed. Pressing does the work of removing those creases and crushes.

2. To induce creases to the garment based on the design requirement

In trousers, skirts and shirts, creases are required at certain places to make it look
attractive. With the pressing operation, creases can be formed at required places like
shirt collars, pleated skirts, edges of hem and cuffs, pocket flaps, waistband top edge
and patch pocket edges.

3. To enable the garment to fit to the contour of the body

Pressing helps in shrinking and stretching. Pressing is done to make the garment fit to
the contour of the body especially in wool fabrics. It is called molding. After molding, it is
not possible to unpick the seams and return the garment parts to their former fitting
state.

4. To enable further sewing by preparing the garment for next sewing operation
There are two terms used in pressing - under pressing and final pressing (top off). Under
pressing is the pressing operation on semi constructed garments to make the garment
parts ready for further sewing. Final pressing is the process of pressing the completed
garments finally before packing the garment. Under pressing operation helps the
garment parts to be pressed for making further sewing easier.

5. To finally finish the garment for packing

During under pressing, the surface of the fabric will change temporarily because the
various garment parts are under pressed for easy sewing. It sometimes results in gloss or
glazing caused by extreme pressure of press in order to achieve for edge or seam. In
order to remove the effects of under pressing and to make the garment ready for
packing, final pressing operation is carried out and the garments are pressed to get a
finished garment.

After pressing the garment, it is now ready for packing. There are steps to follow in
packing garments, which will be discussed in the next lesson.
Pressing Equipment

Carousel Press

Carousel press is a new development in pressing operation in which a pair of bucks is

provided that rotates between operator and the head. The head can be single or
double based on the bucks being identical or an opposite pair for pressing the left
and right of a garment part. In this press, scissor action and vertically acting heads
can be used.

Factors Affecting Pressing

In order to achieve good pressing quality, there are four basic parameters that need to be
controlled to meet optimum performance: heat, moisture, pressure and cooling with vacuum.
The importance of each parameter is discussed in the following section.

1. Heat
Heat is required in most pressing operations to enable the fibres to soften and thus, stabilize
the garment shape. Temperature selection is of utmost importance, as an incorrect
temperature setting can cause damage to fibres and yarn.

2. Moisture

Moisture is introduced by the use of steam. Steam at different pressures has different
moisture contents. The higher the steam pressure, the lower the moisture in the steam. The
presence of moisture is required to aid in fibre swelling and thus, shape stabilization.
Different fibres require different amounts of moisture. For example, natural fibres such as
cotton and wool and regenerated cellulose fibres such as bamboo viscose and viscose rayon
require the presence of moisture in the steam. Therefore, steaming tables are usually
preferred. On the other hand, synthetic fibres require heat to promote swelling and therefore
relaxation of the structure. Excessive moisture may cause fabric shrinkage.

3.Pressure

Pressure is applied to the garment during pressing to give good crease retention and
permanency. Excessive pressure may result in garment or crease distortion.

4. Vacuum

Vacuum is applied at the completion of the pressing operation. This draws cool air
through the garment, reducing the garment temperature, lowering the moisture content
and increasing shape retention, which are particularly important for garments.

Classification of Garments Based on Pressing

The garments can be classified based on the amount of pressing required. They can be
classified as garments requiring no pressing, minimal pressing required garments,
garments requiring use of an iron in under pressing and final pressing, garments
requiring extensive under pressing and final pressing and garments requiring permanent
pressing or pleating.

1. Garments which require no pressing are the foundation garments, stretch swim wear,
bras, briefs and underwear.
2. Garments requiring minimal pressing - are the single ply garments such as slips,
nightgowns, knitted synthetics and T-shirts.

3. Garments requiring the use of an iron in under pressing and final pressing for the
opening of seams and creasing of edges and for pressing garments with gathers and
fullness and in situations where style change is frequent.

4. Garments requiring extensive under pressing and final pressing for men's jackets,
trousers and waistcoats, women's tailored jackets, skirts and top coats. Style change in
these garments is infrequent.

5. Garments requiring pleating or 'permanent press' finishing.

Ways of Pressing

Pressing is carried out using various means. Pressing is done by application of heat,
moisture and pressure. Moisture is used usually as steam. Various pressing equipment
are available which use steam for pressing.

Pressing Equipment and Methods

There are various equipment for garment pressing. You can see it in the next page.

1. Tunnel Finisher

Tunnel finishers are used for finishing knitted goods. They can be used for man- made
fibre garments and their blends also. This garment finishing process involves no pressure
application and reduces handling of garments in steam tunnels. In this finishing process,
the garments are put on hangers and fed through a cabinet using a motorized rail. The
garments pass through sections with superheated steam and it is dried by blowing air. In
some cases, garments are loaded onto frames and passed through the tunnel on a
conveyor.

2. Trouser Pressing

Trousers include a wide variety of garments, ranging from jeans, women's trousers with
simpler construction and requiring a less sharp crease, men's trousers including four
pockets and suit trousers. The trouser pressing is carried out in two operations along
with underdressing of the seam. The first operation is done for legging on a flat press to
set and crease the legs and the second operation is for topping in a series of lays aro und
the top of the trousers on a contoured press.

3.FORM PRESS
This equipment is known as a form press or a 'dolly' press. It has a compressed air
system, frame for a steam distribution system and a pressing form made of a canvas bag
in the suitable silhouette of the garment to be pressed. The pant steam finisher and
universal steam finisher are shown in below figure.

4.Steam press / buck press

Steam presses are used to assist in better shape retention and improve the efficiency of
pressing. The steam presses can be of various shapes with automatic operations.

Hand irons:
Iron which is known commonly as iron box has been in existence for a very long time
with the traditional one being used with heat generated using charcoal. It is a basic
and most important pressing equipment in garment industry. There were also irons
which were heated by gas flame inside the metal casting and it was mainly used in
touching up of men’s jackets. However in recent times, steam and electric irons are
used commonly.

The two basic kinds of irons used today are:

1.Dry iron

2.Electric steam irons

Identification Test: Garment Pressing

1. What is the term for the innovative pressing system that utilizes rotating bucks to improve
efficiency in garment pressing?
Answer: ________________________

2. dentify the four key parameters that must be controlled to achieve optimal pressing
quality.
Answer: ________________________

3. What is the purpose of applying heat during the pressing process?

Answer: ________________________

4. What type of moisture application is commonly used in pressing operations, particularly

for natural fibers?
Answer: ________________________

5. What is the process called in which pressure is applied to maintain crease retention during
pressing?
Answer: ________________________

6. What finishing equipment is used for garments, allowing them to pass through
superheated steam without applying pressure?
Answer: ________________________

7. Name the two primary operations involved in the pressing of trousers.

Answer: ________________________

8. What type of pressing equipment utilizes a compressed air system and a specific pressing
form for shaping garments?
Answer: ________________________

9. Identify the traditional pressing tool that has evolved from charcoal heating to modern
electric and steam variants.
Answer: ________________________
10. What is the name of the application that draws out cool air from the garment after
pressing, aiding in temperature reduction and moisture control?
Answer: ________________________

Activity 1.

Direction: Follow the procedure while using the iron.

1. Do not let the iron cord drag over your work.

2. To avoid scorching the iron board cover, tilt the iron back on its heel when not in
use.
3. Turn off the iron when it is not use.
4. It is safe to use distilled water on a steam iron.

Direction: Discuss the pressing technique and apply it.

Rubrics for Assessment

Points 30 points 25 points 10 points

Criterion Able to press all 1-2 areas with Press with

the crumpled crumpled found Crumpled

What I Have Learned

Direction:

Arrange the steps in assembling the organizer by numbering.

a. What is the new development in pressing operation in which a pair of bucks is
provided that rotates between operator and the head?
b. What is required in most pressing operations to enable the fibers to be straight?
c. What is introduced by the use of steam to soften and stabilize the garment shape?
d. What is applied to the garment during pressing to give good crease retention and
permanency?
e. What is applied at the completion of the pressing operation?

What I Can Do

Direction:Prepare and apply the pressing of garment.

Rubrics for Assessment

Criteria 95% 90% 80%

Workwomanshop Pressing is properly Pressing is properly hNot able to finish

(60%) attached with no attached with no
wrinkles nor uneven wrinkles nor uneven
stitches.
stitches stitches

Neatness(30%) No hanging threads 1-2 hanging threads 3 or more hanging

found threads found
and seams properly

finished

Speed(10%) Finished Before Finished within the Finished beyond the

deadline deadline
deadline

Addtional Activities
Direction: Each student should perform the pressing of finished garments.

Rubrics for Assessment

Criteria Excellent Very Satisfactor Fair Needs Score
Satisfactor y Improvemen
y t

Knowledg Procedures Some of Few of the Most of Did not

e were the procedures the follow any
followed procedures were not procedures of the
from step 1 followed
were not were not procedure
to the last.
followed. followed.

Speed Finished Finished Finished Finished Finished

ahead of on time but late by but late for but late
time three more than more than
minutes 5 minutes 7 minutes

Assistan Did not Needed Needed Needed Needed

Required need assistance assistance assistance assistance
assistance once twice four to five most of
times the time
 Learning Outcome 4. Pack the Finished Garment

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

1. Finished garments are packed in accordance with the packaging standards.

2. Garment packages are labeled in accordance with the labeling standards.

CONTENTS

● Kinds of Packaging Material

● Packaging Materials for Finished Garments
● Packaging Procedures for Finished Garments

CONDITIONS

The following resources are needed:

● Sample label tags (poly bag/cellophane/plastic acetate depending on the available
resources)
● Cardboards
● Scotch tape
● Sign pen
● Cellophane/poly bag
● Plastic acetate (depending on the availability of resources)

METHODOLOGIES

● Group Discussion
● Simulated Activities
● Demonstration

ASSESSMENT METHODS
 ● Direct Observation
● Actual Examination of the Package
● Demonstration with oral test

INFORMATION SHEET 1.1-4

PACKING THE FINISHED GARMENT

Learning Objectives:
at the end of the lesson,you should be able to:
1. prepare packaging materials of finished garment;
2. practice the packaging procedures of finished garment; and
3. observe sanitary health procedures in packaging finished
garments

LET US STUDY

Words to Study
 ● Sorting is a process of separating pieces of work according
to kind, class or nature.
● Label is a slip attached to something for identification or
description.
● Price tag is a piece of material attached to a commodity stating the price.
Packaging to make into or enclose in a package the process of enclosing a finished
apparel into a appropriate packaging material, pressed, folded and labelle

PACKAGING

Product packaging has assumed a great importance in modern marketing. Packaging is not
only an important means of protecting the content, but also a powerful means of pre-selling
the consumer and assisting in-store selection.
The package that gives the consumer an advantage and greater satisfaction in some manner
comes from sale promotion like a pouring spout or cellophane tops for easy opening.
Packaging Materials of Finished Garments

Label

The following information should be included in the label of finished garments.

● Brand name or trade mark
● Country origin
● Physical composition and chemical
● compositio