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File-Handling-in-Python-pdf.pptx

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4 views

File-Handling-in-Python-pdf.pptx

Uploaded by

hriday arora
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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File is a named location on disk to store related Closing a file

information. It is used to permanently store data When we are done with


in a non-volatile memory (e.g. hard disk). operations to the file, we
Since, random access memory (RAM) is volatile need to properly close
which loses its data when computer is turned the file.
off, we use files for future use of the data. Closing a file will free up
When we want to read from or write to a file we the resources that were
need to open it first. When we are done, it needs tied with the file and is
to be closed, so that resources that are tied with done using Python
the file are freed. close() method.
Hence, in Python, a file operation takes place Python has a garbage
in the following order. collector to clean up
Open a file unreferenced objects but,
we must not rely on it to
Read or write (perform operation)
close the file.
Close the file
f = open("test.txt")
Opening a file
# perform file operations
Python has a
built-in function f.close()
Writing the file
open() to open a In order to write into a file in Python, with open("test.txt",'w') as f:
file. This we need to open it in write 'w',
f.write("my first file\n")
function returns append 'a' or exclusive creation 'x'
a file object, also mode. f.write("This file\n\n")
called a handle, We need to be careful with the 'w' mode f.write("contains three
as it is used to as it will overwrite into the file if it
already exists. All previous data are lines\n")
read or modify
the file erased.
Python file modes

accordingly. Writing a string or sequence of bytes


>>> f = (for binary files) is done using write()
open("test.txt") method. This method returns the
We can specify number of characters written to the
the mode while file.
File writing methods
writable()
opening a file.
In mode, we Returns True if the file stream can
specify whether be written to.
we want to read write(s)
'r', write 'w' or Write string s to the file and return
append 'a' to the the number of characters written.
file. writelines(lines)
We also specify if Write a list of lines to the file.
we want to open Sample File copy operation
the file in text mode
or binary mode.
The default is
reading in text
mode. Reading functions
read(n)
Examples
Read atmost n characters
f = open("test.txt")
form the file. Reads till end
# equivalent to 'r' or 'rt'
of file if it is negative or
f = open("test.txt",'w')
None.
# write in text mode
readable()
f=
Returns True if the file
open("img.bmp",'r+b')
stream can be read from.
# read and write in readline(n=-1)
binary mode Read and return one line
f= from the file. Reads in at
open("test.txt",mode = most n bytes if specified.
'r',encoding = 'utf-8') readlines(n=-1)
# Specfied with Read and return a list of
encoding lines from the file. Reads in
at most n bytes/characters if
specified.

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