APPLICATIONSMAXINP d HInIM

VPRIABLE

OF ONE
FONCT ONS

Concavily and the point

Find he inteovul ap
an+-37-86. Also find
of ioplection op f()
=

minimum value op fla)

the maimum and
Solutuon 2
O1+31-36
Gtiven a) =

f(a)= 6r+61-36

-6(+7-6)

pn)=18r +6
6(an-t1

s given by pl)=0.
The citcal point
6C-+1-6)=o
- 6 =0

+3) -a)=0

| %=8,-3
ave a-8
The Caitical poînts
 T6 pind matima 8 minimna
Cn)=6ln+3-6)
At the point (-0,-3),
-4

a)-f4)= 6(E9+ e-6)

6 (t6-h-6)
= 6(6)
3 6 C+ve)
Aunctron77
(a) is increasing

the -
potnt-3) ,
=
AE
6 E0+ G)-6)
flcn)= pl-)=
=6Ct-l-6)

36 ve
ftn) is decreasing puncton

=8
00),
At the point (a
ftm)=fl3)= 6(0)+3-6)
(n)= =69+3-6) = 36(Hve)
Pln) is incYeasingq funcuon
 At =-3, n ) changes papm increasin
to decveasi ng X=
= --3
3 and
at
maimum is
hevefore local
PL-3)= 8(-3+33)-36(-9)

2-R7)+3 (a)+108

fe)=8
pom decveasing9
AE = , Lln) changes munmis
local mini
Thererore
to nCTeagi ng
at n- and 2
fta)=
13
(3)+3()-36(a)

= 1 8 )-+18-72
16+19-7
= l6-6o

PI3)=44

To check Concavitg:
Thepolnt a which pton) =0
N
doas hot exist,
OT)ln)
 o
6 (3n-+1) =

=-

=-1
-0/),
AE the point
6(-a 1)
6(a (-)-+1)
=

ph-)
el-)= -6 ve)
Concave downuwaxds.

he bointor 0D) =
At
18(+ve)
=
6(ac)+1)
C)=
Concave upuwayds

bCurS out = -},

OP Sign
The change Op
J
is be pont O
The point ))
inglectuon.
+ - a / + / - 3 6

uiod
a+3+96
+36 31
Find the Inteval whfch the punch on
foY
and
is con ave douontoard
fta)=+-8n

pind the point ap Inplection.

Solution:
P a ) =n + n 8 n -
2
f ( a ) = 31+9n-8

a ) = 6n+
by f (a) =F0
(a)=o
The coitical pont is gven
3n+2-8 =0

-2 y -A(3)-8)
&X3

-tV1o0
6

0
&t10

The cmtca
6 points aTe

-2
3
 To check Concovity
The point at which plCa)=o.

61+8=0
6=-2
=-%
point(-00,)7=
At the
x)-fH/2) - 6 )
-34 e (ve)

Concave downwad

At the point o =

)=flti) = 6 tOF2
8 (+ve)
Conave upuoad

At - there is Change 0p
a

toncave down toa Yd

OY
he
dlitectpm ro
ConeaVe upward
 The point o tnleetion uu f(

&7
+372-27

27

41
inketion a
The ph 3

cuve (1) = 4 cofth

3. Cuss the minimm
loca minimam
and loca
local mauimuy
Tespectto tnplection.

Concavity and pont af

f l ) = n 4 0 0
Solaun

f ( )= 4 - 1 2 %

p'7) =12%-24

cohich
w h i e h plou)=-o
plou)=o
at
The errti cal pount
plc) = o

4t4-n = o
-3
411-3)= O 0
 .'. 0,3
ave ,3,
The citrcal potnts
The

To cheek Concavity
which p(a)=-o
The pount at

a)=o
23-242=
1p.o(-)=o

X0,2

C-00),X=-1

A-t the b
P-)= 12t-1)(-1-2)

= 120-1)C-3)
3 6 (Yve)

Concave upwag

(0,a),X=l

At
Ahe pt
P ) =1a00(-2)

ta(-)
-12 v e
Concave dounuuurd

At the pt (,0), 1-3

e ) =1A(3)
(3-2)
36(0= 36 (tve)
CDncave upward.
 The upurd
Cuve change Irorm Concave

Concove
Eo ConCave doonward at =oond om
I=2.
downoav to oncave upoarvd at
ae
The pt o tnpledtiong
Lofto) and 2fp3
fto)--4(o=O
e)=-4la)- 16-3= 6
= -6

C2,-16)
C216)
ax
a ee
&
(o,o)k
(o,o)
tnplection
.The pt op
muni ma
muni
mai 0
To und
At the pt w,o), =
f)= 4H)-1a-)
=4-1Q =-16-ve)
is doo0a &ing unct
The unction f )

At Hhe pt (o13), 1=

f)= 4 0)-1at)
= 4-$ = -8t-ve)
dloereasing unctr en
a)
(3,0) ,
=4
At
the pt
fA) =
A(4-1al4)= 64 (tve)
s6192
 fluncum
) is hCrea sinq.
m tot
*fn) changeg
its sig
at =3.
minimum
and
and he
the

LS a loca
3
Value ts
local minimum
ft3)=3t-4/8)
81-08

-1
Fund the local moximum and minlmum alu
and
Of )--4 bolh-he
usirg hst
Seond deivatve bests
Solrtaon
Gtiven ts)=7h-4
la)-L
First deivative test
n ) =0

3 0
A

YA0n bofb Sidus,

Taking powe

16-=00
161-) =O
 At =0, f ) is not dapined

Citical rumbexs ave

Inteval Behaviouz of f
Sgh Of
olocrea Sitng
inc1easin

Fomula Oca maximum

local maximum
to-Ve
f(n) = +ve loc l minimum
loccal minimum

fn) = -ve to We

[he)-( - OS 012S

=(006y (o06n
0r25 - 0 5

=-012
local minimum
vale
)--4s a
Second deivative test
n)= T4
14
f'n)- 31
6
 14
CA) E) )
= 8 >0

Foxmcula
minimum
fCc)=0 8 lcco >0-> local
maximum
cc)=0 &plcc)20 local

pMe)-o C)=8 >0

local minimum at=
.' has a
the loca minimum value
E s
 hooblem.s based
concaviy on
-fta)= 3r4-1ax+5,then Ansues
the
feollocofng quostions about the punetron
cohose deivauveg ate aivn
a) COhat ate the cxitcal pountEs afS?
b)
b)On tohat intesval is increaslng os decveasn9
local
does
At ohat pountsip a n , f assume
maximum and minimuo Valueg

d) Find intesvals oc Concavi ly and -the inplecton

poun
Solution fOa)= 3 - 4 - 1 a 7 + s

fl)= 12-12-24

127 (x - 2

= 12(7-)(x+)
-3
fl)=o
127(x-2)(2+D=o

X = 0 , 7=2, 7=-1
7=--1

are 7=o, 1=2,

points
a) Crtical Behavious op
b) Interval Sign of f
decreasi ng
-00C -I incTeasn
-14 0 decceast ng
241LO0 inCveastng
 desivetu ve
T h e ivst local
haatimum ato alo
theve s a

-0,
f lo)-5
minimunm A 2
lo cal
f C = 2 ( 1 ) -4 ( 2 ) - 1 2 ( ) - + S

fla)=-21

pll(n) = 361-241-24

)Opl n) =

26-24M-94 =0
o

2 n 2 - 2 =Ob
- - 0 S9S
l22,
Bebavi ou T OfJ
Inteval Sign 0ff
-0 2-0s5 Concave up

-0 55MLI22 ConCave doon

22 L0 + Concave up
e)Inpleetioh ph aote oss,q.oo) (l22 ,-131
 the
Fosbe unctronft)= 2-+2 7, fnd
intesvals f Incvease 0% decxeaSe, loca
madimum and minimum
Valu 0s, the IntesvalS F
Concavi Ty and the
inele ctuon points
Solutio0:
ftn)=A47-2at

pCn)= A1-41

lC)=Oo
4M-4M=O
3
4 1 ( 1 - ) =o

=0,1-
=0,=£l

a) coittcal points ave O-

b) Interval sign of-f behaviouT of
-o0 2 M - | inCeaging
decseasing
0 nCredsing
I4ML00 decreasing
C)The irst dorivatuve

0P at = t
local maximum
f()=8-+a()-(0
+0-H = 3.
 at A=O
oca minimum of

fto)-
d) )=4-1a
f\{n) = 0

4-1an=0
3
3n-

BehaviouY of P
Tntexval igSignoff
COncaye dowrn

Con cave p

COn Cay do wn

aHe
e)
e)nplechon pounts
a+ 8n-

6+2
3
 1) Detesmine h e absolut e oaioum and
minimum values fov he unction (()-251
OccATT

Solution
(n) -2sinxX

p n ) = - CoS
Caitical pt f a ) - o
-C0sT O

CoSA%

= oss)
0

The mtcal points ave 5

=0, = &TT
ate
The entreme poin ts

At 1-
-8sin-a
FE)= 3
3

S-2si5-ST-A|

At STL, p/st)=
AE 7=o, fto) =0-2 Sino
O

At =2TT (2TT)=1-Sio2T
2T

13 5+3 at
absolute
moimum Va Luue
=STT

mnimum
\alue tg -V at
absolutt
 342-8 +6
-24 4
2 46n-4-8
(nt2)
3n (n+a) F4
3x-4)(+2)
-8
-6
A8 -I4
31-14-a+16

3 n - 6 - 8 t 1 6

16X 2 4-8
3 2 ( - 2 ) - 8(x-2
48
- 3 - 8 a1 8
= 83B 212

6r8-4