PRACTICAL - 4

1. Classes and Objects

Code:-
class Book {
String title;
String author;
int price;

Book(String book_title, String book_author,

int book_price) {
title = book_title;
author = book_author;
price = book_price;
}

void display() {
System.out.println("title: " + title);
System.out.println("author: " + author);
System.out.println("price: " + price + "\n");
}

void update(String new_title, String

new_author, int new_price) {
title = new_title;
author = new_author;
price = new_price;
}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Book book1 = new Book("The Wonderland",
"Puru", 149);

book1.display();

Name :- PURU JANGID

Enrollment no. :- 23ID01CE020
 PRACTICAL - 4
book1.update("The Adventures of Tintin",
"Herge", 151);

book1.display();

}
}
Output:-

2. Access Modifiers

Code:-

class Account {
private int accountNumber;
private String accountHolderName;
private int balance;
private String password;

Account(int accountNumber, String accountHolderName, int balance,

String password) {
this.accountNumber = accountNumber;
this.accountHolderName = accountHolderName;
this.balance = balance;
this.password = password;
}

void display(String password) {

if (this.password == password) {
System.out.println("accountNumber: " + this.accountNumber);

Name :- PURU JANGID

Enrollment no. :- 23ID01CE020
 PRACTICAL - 4
System.out.println("accountHolderName: " +
this.accountHolderName);
System.out.println("balance: " + this.balance + "\n");
} else {
System.out.println("invalid password");
}
}

void depositing(int amount, String password) {

if (this.password == password) {
if (amount < 0) {
System.out.println("invalid amount!");
} else {
balance += amount;
}
} else {
System.out.println("invalid pasword");
}
}

void withdrawing(int amount, String password) {

if (this.password == password) {
if (balance < 0) {
System.out.println("insufficient balance!");
} else {
balance -= amount;
}
} else {
System.out.println("invalid pasword");
}
}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Account account1 = new Account(62987351, "Swapnil", 429989,
"Exotic_Swap");

account1.display("Exotic_Swap");

account1.depositing(25000, "Exotic_Swap");

account1.display("Herge");

account1.withdrawing(50000, "Exotic_Swap");

account1.display("Exotic_Swap");

}
}

Name :- PURU JANGID

Enrollment no. :- 23ID01CE020
 PRACTICAL - 4
Output:-

3. Constructors

Code:-
class Student {
String name;
int age;
String course;

Student() {
name = "unknown";
age = 0;
course = "unknown";
}

Student(String name) {
this.name = name;
age = 0;
course = "unknown";
}

Student(String name, int age, String

course) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;

Name :- PURU JANGID

Enrollment no. :- 23ID01CE020
 PRACTICAL - 4
this.course = course;
}

void display() {
System.out.println("name: " + name);
System.out.println("age: " + age);
System.out.println("course: " + course +
"\n");
}
}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Create an array of students
Student[] students = new Student[3];
students[0] = new Student();
students[1] = new Student("Alice");
students[2] = new Student("Bob", 20,
"Computer Science");

for (Student student : students) {

student.display();
}
}
}
Output:-

Name :- PURU JANGID

Enrollment no. :- 23ID01CE020
 PRACTICAL - 4
4. The Garbage Collector
Code:-
class Resource {
Resource() {
System.out.println("Resource created");
}

protected void finalize() {

System.out.println("Resource destroyed");
}
}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Resource resource1 = new Resource();
Resource resource2 = new Resource();
Resource resource3 = new Resource();

resource1 = null;
resource2 = null;
resource3 = null;

System.gc();
}
}
Output:-

5. ‘this’ Keyword
Code:-
class Rectangle {

Name :- PURU JANGID

Enrollment no. :- 23ID01CE020
 PRACTICAL - 4
int length;
int width;

void setDimensions(int length, int width) {

this.length = length;
this.width = width;
}

int calculateArea() {
return length * width;
}

void compareArea(Rectangle rectangle) {

if (this.calculateArea() >
rectangle.calculateArea()) {
System.out.println("this rectangle has a larger
area");
} else if (this.calculateArea() <
rectangle.calculateArea()) {
System.out.println("the other rectangle has a
larger area");
} else {
System.out.println("the areas are equal");
}
}
}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Rectangle rectangle1 = new Rectangle();
Rectangle rectangle2 = new Rectangle();

rectangle1.setDimensions(5, 10);
rectangle2.setDimensions(10, 20);

System.out.println("rectangle1 area: " +

rectangle1.calculateArea());

Name :- PURU JANGID

Enrollment no. :- 23ID01CE020
 PRACTICAL - 4
System.out.println("rectangle2 area: " +
rectangle2.calculateArea());

rectangle1.compareArea(rectangle2);
}
}
Output:-

6. Class vs. Instance Members

Code:-
class Counter {
static int count = 0;
int id;

Counter() {
count++;
id = count;
}

static void resetCounter() {

count = 0;
}

void display() {
System.out.println("ID: " + id + " Count: " +
count);
}
}

public class main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Counter c1 = new Counter();

Name :- PURU JANGID

Enrollment no. :- 23ID01CE020
 PRACTICAL - 4
Counter c2 = new Counter();

c1.display();
c2.display();

Counter.resetCounter();

Counter c3 = new Counter();

Counter c4 = new Counter();
Counter c5 = new Counter();

c3.display();
c4.display();
c5.display();

}
}
Output:-

7. ‘static’ Keyword
Code:-
class MathUtils {
static double PI;
static {
PI = 3.14159;
}

static int add(int a, int b) {

return a + b;
}

Name :- PURU JANGID

Enrollment no. :- 23ID01CE020
 PRACTICAL - 4
static int subtract(int a, int b) {
return a - b;
}

static int multiply(int a, int b) {

return a * b;
}

static int divide(int a, int b) {

return a / b;
}

static double circumference(double radius) {

return 2 * PI * radius;
}
}

public class main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Addition: " +
MathUtils.add(5, 3));
System.out.println("Subtraction: " +
MathUtils.subtract(5, 3));
System.out.println("Multiplication: " +
MathUtils.multiply(5, 3));
System.out.println("Division: " +
MathUtils.divide(5, 3));
System.out.println("Circumference: " +
MathUtils.circumference(5));
}
}
Output:-

Name :- PURU JANGID

Enrollment no. :- 23ID01CE020
 PRACTICAL - 4
8. Command Line Arguments
Code:-
public class main8 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Check if enough arguments are passed
if (args.length < 4) {
System.out.println("Please enter the
student's name and marks in three subjects.");
return;
}

// Get student's name

String name = args[0];

// Initialize array for marks and parse them

from arguments
int[] marks = new int[3];
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
marks[i] = Integer.parseInt(args[i + 1]);
}

// Calculate total and average

int total = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
total += marks[i];
}
double average = total / 3.0;

// Output student's name and average marks

System.out.printf("Student: %s%n", name);
System.out.printf("Average marks: %.1f%n",
average);

// Find highest and lowest marks

int highest = marks[0];
int lowest = marks[0];
for (int i = 1; i < 3; i++) {

Name :- PURU JANGID

Enrollment no. :- 23ID01CE020
 PRACTICAL - 4
if (marks[i] > highest) {
highest = marks[i];
}
if (marks[i] < lowest) {
lowest = marks[i];
}
}

// Output highest and lowest marks

System.out.printf("Highest marks: %d%n",
highest);
System.out.printf("Lowest marks: %d%n",
lowest);
}
}
Output:-

9. Wrapper Classes
Code:-
import java.util.Scanner;

public class main9 {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter a number: ");
String input = scanner.nextLine();
scanner.close();

Integer number = Integer.valueOf(input);

Double numberDouble =
Double.valueOf(input);

Name :- PURU JANGID

Enrollment no. :- 23ID01CE020
 PRACTICAL - 4
System.out.println("Integer: " + number);
System.out.println("Double: " +
numberDouble);

Integer sum = number + number;

System.out.println("Sum: " + sum);

Integer product = number * number;

System.out.println("Product: " + product);

System.out.println("Is the number even? " +

(number % 2 == 0));
}
}
Output:-

Name :- PURU JANGID

Enrollment no. :- 23ID01CE020