Python Full Stack Project on E-Commerce website design
Python Full Stack Project on E-Commerce website design
Python Full Stack Project on E-Commerce website design
INTERNSHIP REPORT
On
Full-stack Development
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Certificate
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E-commerce platforms have revolutionized the way businesses operate, enabling them to
reach a global audience and conduct transactions over the internet. These platforms provide a
digital marketplace where buyers and sellers can interact, exchange goods and services, and
complete transactions seamlessly. The rise of e-commerce has transformed the retail industry,
making it more accessible, convenient, and efficient.
E-commerce platforms typically include a wide range of features such as product listings,
shopping carts, payment gateways, user accounts, and order management systems. They are
designed to offer a user-friendly experience for customers while providing robust tools for
sellers to manage their products, inventory, and sales.
In the digital age, the demand for secure and scalable e-commerce platforms has grown
exponentially. Businesses of all sizes, from small startups to large enterprises, are leveraging
e-commerce to expand their reach and increase sales. As a result, the development of e-
commerce platforms has become a critical area of focus for web developers and businesses
alike.
The primary objective of this project is to design and develop a fully functional e-commerce
platform using Python full-stack development. The platform aims to provide a seamless and
secure shopping experience for users while enabling sellers to manage their products, orders,
and customers efficiently.
The scope of this project is to develop a web-based e-commerce platform that includes all the
essential features required for online shopping. The platform will cater to both end-users
(customers) and sellers, providing a comprehensive solution for online retail.
● User Registration and Login: Users can create accounts, log in, and manage their
profiles.
● Product Catalog: A searchable and filterable catalog of products, organized by
categories.
● Shopping Cart: A feature that allows users to add products to their cart, update
quantities, and remove items before checkout.
● Order Management: A system that handles order placement, payment processing,
order tracking, and order history.
● Admin Dashboard: A backend interface for sellers and administrators to manage
products, orders, users, and view analytics.
● Payment Integration: Secure integration with payment gateways to process
transactions.
● Responsive Design: The platform will be designed to be responsive, ensuring that it
works well on a variety of devices, including desktops, tablets, and smartphones.
To develop the e-commerce platform, the following tools and technologies were utilized:
● Python: The core programming language used for backend development, known for
its simplicity and readability.
● Django: A high-level Python web framework that encourages rapid development and
clean, pragmatic design. Django handles much of the heavy lifting involved in
building web applications, including database management, URL routing, and
security.
● HTML/CSS: Used for creating the structure and styling of the web pages. HTML
(HyperText Markup Language) is the standard markup language for creating web
pages, while CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is used for describing the look and
formatting.
● JavaScript: A programming language used to create dynamic and interactive
elements on web pages.
● Bootstrap: A front-end framework that simplifies the development of responsive and
mobile-first websites by providing ready-made design templates and components.
● MySQL: A relational database management system used to store and manage data for
the e-commerce platform. MySQL was chosen for its reliability, scalability, and wide
adoption in web development.
● Git: A version control system used to manage changes to the project’s source code,
allowing for efficient collaboration and tracking of development progress.
● PyCharm/VS Code: Integrated development environments (IDEs) used for writing
and debugging the code.
● Postman: An API testing tool used to test and validate the functionality of the
backend APIs.
● Payment Gateway API: APIs like Stripe or PayPal were integrated to handle secure
payment processing.
Chapter 2
System Analysis
2.1 Existing System
Before developing the e-commerce platform, it is essential to analyze the existing systems
available in the market. Traditional e-commerce platforms, such as Shopify, WooCommerce,
and Magento, offer a wide range of features that enable businesses to set up and manage
online stores. However, they often come with limitations, such as high subscription fees,
limited customization options, and the need for technical expertise to handle complex
features.
A feasibility study is conducted to assess the practicality and viability of the proposed e-
commerce platform. The study evaluates the technical, operational, and economic aspects of
the project to ensure its success.
Operational Feasibility: The platform is designed to meet the needs of both customers and
sellers. The user-friendly interface and responsive design will ensure that customers can
easily navigate the platform, while the admin dashboard will provide sellers with the tools
they need to manage their products, orders, and customers efficiently. The platform’s
scalability also ensures that it can accommodate growth, making it operationally feasible in
the long term.
Chapter 3
System Design
3.1 Architectural Design
● Presentation Layer: The presentation layer is responsible for displaying the user
interface to the customers and administrators. This layer includes HTML, CSS, and
JavaScript files that render the web pages and handle user interactions.
● Business Logic Layer: The business logic layer contains the core functionality of the
platform, such as user authentication, product management, order processing, and
payment integration. This layer is implemented using Python and Django, which
provide the necessary tools and frameworks to manage the business logic.
● Data Access Layer: The data access layer is responsible for interacting with the
database. It uses Django’s ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) to perform CRUD
(Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations on the database tables.
● Database Layer: The database layer stores all the data related to users, products,
orders, and transactions. MySQL is used as the database management system,
providing a reliable and scalable solution for data storage.
System Architecture Diagram: The system architecture diagram visually represents the
flow of data and interactions between the different layers of the platform. It illustrates how
the user requests are processed by the presentation layer, passed to the business logic layer,
and then to the data access layer, which interacts with the database to retrieve or store data.
Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs) are used to represent the flow of data within the system. They
help in understanding how data moves through the platform and how different components
interact with each other.
Level 0 DFD (Context Diagram): The Level 0 DFD provides an overview of the entire
system, showing the interactions between the external entities (users and administrators) and
the system. It highlights the key processes, such as user registration, product browsing, order
placement, and payment processing.
Level 1 DFD: The Level 1 DFD breaks down the main processes into sub-processes,
providing more detail about how data flows through the system. For example, the "Order
Processing" process is divided into sub-processes such as "Add to Cart," "Checkout,"
"Payment," and "Order Confirmation."
Level 2 DFD: The Level 2 DFD further decomposes the sub-processes into individual tasks,
showing the detailed flow of data between different components. This level of detail helps in
identifying potential bottlenecks and optimizing the system’s performance.
The database design is a critical aspect of the system, as it determines how data is stored,
retrieved, and managed. The database schema is designed to support the platform’s
functionality, ensuring data integrity and consistency.
Database Schema: The database schema defines the structure of the database tables,
including the columns, data types, and constraints. For example, the Users table includes
columns for user ID, username, password, email, and role (customer or admin). The Products
table includes columns for product ID, name, description, price, and stock quantity.
Wireframes: Wireframes are used to plan the layout and structure of the web pages. They
provide a visual representation of the UI elements, such as navigation menus, product
listings, and forms. Wireframes help in organizing content and ensuring a consistent design
across the platform.
UI Components: The UI components include buttons, forms, navigation menus, and modals.
These components are designed to be user-friendly and visually appealing. Bootstrap is used
to style the components and ensure a consistent look and feel across the platform.
Chapter 4
Implementation
4.1 Module Description
The e-commerce platform is divided into several modules, each responsible for a specific
aspect of the platform’s functionality. The modular approach makes the platform more
organized and easier to manage.
● Description: Enables customers to add products to their cart, update quantities, and
proceed to checkout.
● Key Features: Cart persistence (using session data), cart summary, and dynamic
updates (using AJAX).
● Description: Manages the entire order lifecycle, from checkout to payment and order
confirmation.
● Key Features: Order summary, payment integration (using Stripe or PayPal), and
order tracking.
The backend of the e-commerce platform is implemented using Python and Django. The
backend is responsible for processing requests, managing data, and ensuring the security and
integrity of the platform.
Django Models:
● Description: Django’s ORM is used to define the data models, representing the
database tables. Each model corresponds to a table, with attributes representing the
columns.
● Key Models: User, Product, Order, Payment, and Cart.
● Description: Views in Django handle the logic for processing user requests and
returning the appropriate response. Controllers manage the interaction between the
models and views.
● Key Views: RegistrationView, LoginView, ProductListView, CartView, and
OrderSummaryView.
API Development:
● Description: Django REST framework is used to create RESTful APIs for the
platform. These APIs enable communication between the frontend and backend,
allowing for dynamic updates and integration with third-party services.
● Key APIs: Product API, Cart API, and Order API.
The frontend of the platform is implemented using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, with
Bootstrap for styling. The frontend is responsible for rendering the user interface and
handling user interactions.
HTML Templates:
JavaScript Functionality:
Responsive Design:
4.4 Integration
Integration involves combining the frontend and backend components to create a fully
functional platform. This step includes setting up the environment, configuring the database,
and testing the platform’s functionality.
Environment Setup:
● Description: The development environment is set up using virtual environments and
package managers like pip. The environment includes all the necessary dependencies
for running the Django project.
● Key Steps: Installing Django, setting up the database (MySQL), and configuring
environment variables.
Database Configuration:
● Description: The database is configured to store user data, product information, and
orders. Django’s ORM is used to interact with the database, and migrations are
applied to create the database schema.
● Key Steps: Defining the database settings in Django, running migrations, and seeding
the database with initial data.
● Description: The platform is tested to ensure that all features work as expected. This
includes unit testing, integration testing, and manual testing.
● Key Tests: User registration and login, product browsing, cart functionality, and
order processing.
Chapter 5
Testing is a crucial part of the development process, ensuring that the platform functions
correctly and meets the specified requirements. The following testing strategies were
employed:
Unit Testing:
● Description: Unit tests are written for individual components and functions, testing
them in isolation. This ensures that each part of the system works as expected.
● Tools Used: Django’s built-in testing framework.
Integration Testing:
● Description: Integration tests are conducted to verify that different components of the
platform work together as intended. This includes testing the interaction between the
frontend and backend, as well as database operations.
● Tools Used: Django’s testing framework and Postman for API testing.
System Testing:
● Description: System testing involves testing the entire platform as a whole, ensuring
that all features and functionalities work together seamlessly.
● Tools Used: Manual testing and automated testing scripts.
Several test cases were developed to cover the critical functionalities of the platform. Each
test case includes the test scenario, expected outcome, and actual outcome.
The performance of the platform was evaluated under different conditions to ensure that it
can handle the expected load and traffic.
Load Testing:
● Description: Load testing was conducted to determine how the platform performs
under high traffic and user load. This includes testing the response time and resource
utilization during peak hours.
● Tools Used: Locust, Apache JMeter.
Security Testing:
Usability Testing:
● Description: Usability testing was conducted to evaluate the user experience and
interface design. This involves getting feedback from real users to identify any issues
or areas for improvement.
● Tools Used: Manual testing with user feedback sessions.
Chapter 6
The development of the e-commerce platform resulted in a fully functional, scalable, and
secure online shopping system. The platform successfully met all the project objectives,
including:
6.2 Discussion
The results of the project indicate that the e-commerce platform is highly functional and
meets the needs of both customers and sellers. The platform’s scalability and security features
make it suitable for businesses of all sizes.
Challenges Faced:
● Integration Issues: Integrating the payment gateway with the backend was
challenging due to the complexities of handling secure transactions.
● Performance Optimization: Ensuring that the platform performs well under high
load required extensive testing and optimization of the database queries and caching
mechanisms.
Future Enhancements:
● Advanced Features: The platform could be enhanced with advanced features such as
personalized recommendations, customer reviews, and loyalty programs.
● Mobile App Development: Developing a dedicated mobile app could further
enhance the user experience and accessibility.
● Third-Party Integrations: Integrating with third-party services such as social media
platforms and inventory management systems could expand the platform’s
functionality.
Chapter 7
The development of the e-commerce platform has been a successful project, resulting in a
robust, scalable, and user-friendly system that meets the needs of modern online retail
businesses. The platform’s modular architecture, combined with the use of open-source
technologies, ensures that it is both cost-effective and easy to maintain.
Throughout the project, various challenges were encountered, particularly in the areas of
integration and performance optimization. However, these challenges were overcome through
careful planning, testing, and collaboration. The final product is a testament to the power of
Python full-stack development and its ability to deliver high-quality web applications.
While the current version of the platform is fully functional, there are several areas where it
could be further enhanced: