ADVANCED PLACEMENT PHYSICS ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

TABLE OF INFORMATION

CONSTANTS AND CONV ERSIONFACTORS UNIT SYMBOLS

1 N·m2 ampere, A
Coulomb constant, k=- -=9.0xl09
4ne0 c2 coulomb, C
electron volt, eV
Vacuum permittivity, £0 =
8.85x10-
12 c2/(N - m 2 ) farad, F
Vacuum permeability, µ0 = 4nxl0-7 (T·m)/A henry, H
Proton mass, mp = 1.67x10-2 7 kg hertz, Hz
joule, J
Neutron mass, mn = 1.67 X 10-21 kg
kilogram, kg
Electron mass, m. = 9.llxl0-3 1 kg meter, m
Elementary charge, e= 1.60xl0-' 9 C newton, N
1 electron volt, 1 eV 1.60xl0-19 J
= ohm, n
second, s
Speed of light, c 3.00xl08 m/s
=

tesla, T
1 unified atomic mass unit, 1 u = 1.66xl0-27 kg = 931 MeV/c 2 volt, V
Universal gravitational constant, G 6.67x10-11 m 3/(kg·s2 ) 6.67x10-11 N-m 2 /kg 2
= =
watt, w
Magnitude of the acceleration due to gravity at Earth's surface, g = 9.8 m/ s2
Magnitude of the gravitational field strength at Earth's surface, g = 9.8 N/kg

PREFIXES VALUES OF TRIG ONOMETRICFUNCTIONSFOR

Factor Prefix Symbol COMMON ANGLES
10' 2 tera T 0 oo 30° 37° 45° 53° 60° 90°
10
106
9 g1ga
mega
G
M
sin0 0 1/2 3/5 ✓2/2 4/5 ✓3/2 1

10 3 kilo k cos0 1 ✓3/2 4/5 ✓2/2 3/5 1/2 0

10- 2 centi C

10- 3 milli m tan0 0 ✓3/3 3/4 1 4/3 ✓3 00

10-6 micro µ
10-9 nano n
The following conventions are used in this exam:
10-12 pico p • The frame of reference of any problem is assumed to be inertial
unless otherwise stated.
• Air resistance is assumed to be negligible unless otherwise stated.
• Springs and strings are assumed to be ideal unless otherwise stated.
• The electric potential is zero at an infinite distance from an
isolated point charge.
• The direction of current is the direction in which positive charges
would drift.
• All batteries, wires, and meters are assumed to be ideal unless
otherwise stated.

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 ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM
A = area A = area
lq,q2I = )q,q2I
I t I = _1 4neo
C = capacitance Req,s = £..
""' R.
B =magnetic field
d = distance C=capacitance
I
E r r
2 2

- ft E=electric field F= force

E= ......L F= force
q I= current
I= current £=length
E= -l-f dq2 f J=current density L =inductance
4ne0 r __1 =I__!__
£=length Ceq,s I· C.I
n =number of loops
P=power per unit length
cI>E= fE·dA
q =charge Ceq,p =£..
""' C. N =number of loops
�E-c/A = qenc Q= charge q =charge
I

r =radius, distance, or r =radius, distance, or

£0
-r=Req Ceq
Qtotal = f p(r)dV position position
R =resistance �B-dA = O R =resistance
t=time
-l_q,q2
t=time
U U=potential energy F8 = q(vxB) U=potential energy
=
E4ne0 r
V=electric potential or v =velocity or speed
d
V = -l-f q volume _ µ0 I(dfxf) £=emf
4ne0 r £ =electric permittivity dB = -
4n µ = magnetic
--'----'-
r2
h p =resistivity or charge permeability
�V = -f E·dr density F8 = f I(d1xB) r=time constant
dV K=dielectric constant <I>=flux
EX = - <I>=flux �B-df= µ/enc
dx OJ=angular frequency
�UE q�V
=

C=_Q__ ct> s= fB·dA

�v
1.. - - dct> 8
C = 1(£o £ = <yE·d£= ---
A

d dt
dct>
Uc =.!_Q�V lcsoll = N d/
2

Lsol = _µ= �_
core
N2 A
£
d
l= q
dt
I= f J-dA dl
£=-L­
dt
E= pJ
'T=-
R= p£ Req
A

l=
�V OJLC =--Jic
R
P = l�V

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 MECHANICS
Vx = VxO +ax{ a =acceleration d0 a =acceleration
E= energy m=- d=distance
dt
X = XO + V ot+.!..a t2 f= frequency f= frequency
2 X X

F= force dm F= force
a=-
v� = v�0 +2ax (x-x0 ) h =height dt I= rotational inertia

J
&= vx(t)dt
J = impulse
k =spring constant
k =spring constant
K =kinetic energy

J ax(t)dt
K =kinetic energy C =length
�Vx = C =length L =angular momentum
m =mass m =mass
M=mass m2 = mi +2a(0-00 ) M=mass
p=momentum v=rm p=momentum
P=power ar =ra r =radius, distance, or
r =radius, distance, or position position
t=time f=rxF t=time
T = period T = period
U =potential energy v =velocity or speed
v =velocity or speed
W=work
I= r2 dm J W=work
x=position or distance
x =position or distance I'=lcm +Md 2 a= angular acceleration
y =height 0 = angle
A= linear mass density L'l" r -r=torque
I Fl=G
asys = - = �
mm
21 µ =coefficient of friction /sys /sys </J =phase angle
g
r2 m=angular frequency
1 2
Krot =-Im or angular speed
2
ft =-ktix W= r-d0 J
v
a =-=rmz
2
L=rxp=I@
1
T=-
r
Lil= rdt J
f &cm
= r�0
K=.!..mv2 T=
2tr _!_
=
2 m f
f
W= F'·ar
a W M /m
Ts =2tr \j,;
i::vg ___ _
�t �t
dW T =2tr /f
J
�u =- �f (r)· ar
pmst =
dt p �g
p=mv =27r /f
a
Tph
dU(x) ys
F =- - dp
��
X
dx Fnet =-
dt x=xmax cos((J)f+q,)

J
12

J= F'net
(t)dt=!)j}
m m2
UG =-G 1
1,

r
�ug =mg�y

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 GEOMETRY AND TRIGONOMETRY
Rectangle Rectangular Solid A= area Right Triangle
b = base a2 +b2 = c 2
C = circumference
A=bh V=Rwh

Triangle Cylinder
' h = height Slil
. 0 =-
a

V = nr 2R ,e = length
\

r = radius
I� cos0=-
C
\

2 S = 2nrC +2nr 2
b
..... ---,
s = arc length
A= ..!_ bh I \
I
S= surface area tan0=-
C
\ I
Circle Sphere ' V=volume
\ I a

4
' --- ..... /

w=width
b

�}
/

3 0= angle
A=nr 2
V=-nr 3
C=2nr
s=r0 S=4nr 2 b

VECTORS CALCULUS IDENTITIES

log(a· bx )=loga+xlogb
- -
A· B =AB cos0 df=dfdu
Ax B = AB sin0
dx du dx
sin 2 0+cos 2 0 = 1
I I
sin(20)= 2 sin0cos0
d n
- ( X )=nx
n-1

r=(At + Bj + ck) dx

--=tan0
ax)=ae
cos0
d e ax sin0
C=A + B (
dx

-(lnax)=-
C=(A x +Bx )t+ (Ay + By )] d I
dx X

�[sin(ax)]=acos(ax)
dx
�[cos(ax)]= -a sin( ax)
dx

n+l
f 1
x n dx=- -x n+1 ,n-::t:--1

fe ax
dx = ..!_ eax
a
f� =nx
x a 1 l +�
f cos(ax)dx = ..!..sin(ax)
+

a
f sin(ax)dx =-..!..cos(ax)
a

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