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NET-JRF (June 2018)

PART- A
Q1. When a farmer was asked as to how many animals he had, he replied that all but two were
cows, all but two were horses and all but two were pigs. How many animals did he have?
(a) 3 (b) 6 (c) 8 (d) 12
Ans. : (a)
Solution: When the farmer has just 3 animals, then all but two can be cows, all but two can be horses
and all but two can be pigs. In this case the farmer has 1 cow, 1 horse and 1 pig. All other
options violates the statement of the question.
Q2. Nine eleventh of the members of a parliamentary committee are men. Of the men, two-thirds
are from the Rajya Sabha. Further, 7 /11 of the total committee members are from the Rajya
Sabha. What fraction of the total number are women from the Lok Sabha?
(a) 1/11 (b) 6/11 (c) 2/11 (d) 3/11
Ans. : (a)
Solution: Let the total number of member in the committee be x .Then
9x
Number of men in the committee 
11
2x
and, number of women in the committee 
11
9x 2 6x
Number of men from Rajya Sabha   
11 3 11
9 x 6 x 3x
Number of men from Lok Sabha   
11 11 11
7x
From the question members are from Rajya Sabha. Hence the number of committee
11
7 x 4x 3x
members from Lok Shabha  x   . In the Lok Sabha since members are men, hence
11 11 11
4 x 3x x
  members are women. Hence the fraction of women from Lok Sabha out of the
11 11 11
x /11 1
total members of committee  
x 11

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Q3. A librarian is arranging a thirteen-volume encyclopedia on the shelf from left to right in the
following order of volume numbers: 8,11, 5, 4,9,1, 7, 6,10,3,12, 2 . In this pattern, where should

the volume 13 be placed?

(a) Leftmost (b) Rightmost
(c) Between 10 and 3 (d) Between 9 and 1
Ans. : (c)
Q4. Pick the correct statement:
(a) The sky is blue because Sir C.V. Raman gave the correct explanation.
(b) Copernicus believed that the Sun, and not the Earth, was at the centre of the Solar system.

(c) The sky appears blue when seen from the Moon..
(d) No solar eclipse is visible for an astronaut standing on the Moon.
Ans. : (b)
Solution: In Copernician model of the solar system the solar system was considered Heleiocentric
which means the Sun being at the centre of the solar system.

What is the last digit of  2017 

2017
Q5. ?

(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 7 (d) 9

Ans. : (c)
504
Solution: The last digit of 7 4 is 1 . Hence  2017  
4
.2017 has its last digit 1 7  7 . Thus the last digit
 

of  2017 
2017
is 7

Q6. What is the value of 1  3  5  7  ......  4033  7983  2017 ?

(a) 20170000 (b) 20172017 (c) 20171720 (d) 20172020

Ans. : (a)
Solution: The number of terms in 1  3  5  7  ...4033 is 2017 . Hence

1  3  5  7  ...4033  7983  2017

1  4033
  2017  7983  2017  2017  2017  7983   20170000
2

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Q7. Path of a ray of light between two mirrors is shown in the diagram. If the length of each mirror
is ‘ l ’, what is the total path length of the ray between the mirrors?

300

3 4 3
(a) l (b) l (c) l (d) 2l
4 3 2
Ans. : (d)
Solution:
A C E

300 x

B D
l

If we assume AB  x then it can be proved that BC , CD and DE have the same length x .
l l
From geometry 4 x sin 300  l  4 x   4x   2l
sin 30 1/ 2
Q8. In a group of 11 persons, each shakes hand with every other once and only once. What is the
total number of such handshakes?
(a) 110 (b) 121 (c) 55 (d) 66
Ans. : (c)
Solution: The total number handshakes is equal to the total number of combinations of 11 objects by
11! 10 11
taking 2 at a time. Thus total number of handshakes  11C2    55
2!9! 2
Q9. Suppose (i) “ A  B ” means “ A is the father of B ”, (ii) “ A  B ” means “ A is the husband of B ”,
(iii) “ A B ” means “ A is the wife of B ”, (iv) “ A  B ” means “ A is the sister of B ”. Which of the

following represents “ C is the father-in-law of the sister of D ”

(a) C  E  F  D (b) C  E F  D (c) C  E * F  D (d) C  E F  D

Ans. : (d)
Solution: Father

E F D
Husband Sister

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Using the code given in the question we have shown the diagram. Here we see that “ C is the
father-in-law of sister of D .
Q10. In a 100 m race A beats B by 10 m . B beats C by 5 m . By how many meters does A beat C ?
(a) 15.0 m (b) 5.5 m (c) 10.5 m (d) 14.5 m

Ans.: (d)
Solution: When A runs 100 m , B runs 90 m . When B runs 100 m , C runs 95 m .

85.5 4.5 10

100 m

95
When B runs 90 m, C runs  90  85.5
100
So in a 100 m race A will be ahead of C by 100  85.5  14.5 m

Q11. If all the angles of a triangle are prime numbers, which of the following could be one such angle?
(a) 89o (b) 79o (c) 59o (d) 29o
Ans.: (a)
Solution: If one angle is 890 , the other two possible angles are 20 and 890 . No other angles are
possible.
If we take possible angle as 790 then the sum of other two angles must be 1010 . But we can not
find any two prime angles whose sum is 1010 .
Similarly, if we take the possible angle to be 590 then the sum of other two angles must be
1210 . But we can not find any two prime angles whose sum is 1210 .
Finally, if we take the possible angle to be 290 , the sum of other two angles must be 1510 .
Again we cannot find any two prime angles whose sum is 1510 .
Q12. A water tank that is 40% empty holds 40 L more water than when it is 40% full. How much

water does it hold when it is full?

(a) 100 L (b) 75 L (c) 120 L (d) 200 L

Ans.: (d)
Solution: The water tank is 40% empty means it is 60% full. From the questions
60% of total volume - 40% of total volume  40L
 100% of total volume  200 L

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Q13. How much gold and copper (in g), respectively, are required to make a 120 g bar of 22 carat

gold?
(a) 90 and 30 (b) 100 and 20
(c) 110 and 10 (d) 120 and 0
Ans.: (c)
Solution: In 22 carat gold, the ratio of the gold and copper is 22 : 2 , that is 11:1 . Hence in 120 g bar of
11 1
22 craft gold, the amount of gold is  120  110 g and  120  10 g is the amount of
12 12
copper.
Q14. Which of the following be the correct pattern in the empty square?

(a) (b) (c) (d)

Ans.: (c)
Q15. Areas of the three rectangles inside the full rectangle are given in the diagram
8
12 4

What is the area of the full rectangle?

(a) 36 (b) 48 (c) 72 (d) 96
Ans.: (b)
Solution: Rectangle B has the same length as rectangle A but its area is twice. Hence width of
rectangle B is twice the width of A . From the figure we also see that width of D is twice the

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width of C . Hence area of rectangle D is 2 12  24 . Thus the total area of all the rectangles is
24  12  8  4  48
D B 8

C 12 A 4

Q16. The university needs to appoint a new Vice Chancellor which will be based on seniority. Ms.
West is less senior to Mr. North but more senior to Ms. East. Mr. South is senior to Ms. West
but junior to Mr. North. If the senior most declines the assignment, then who will be the new
vice Chancellor of the University?
(a) Mr. North (b) Mr. East
(c) Ms. West (d) Mr. South
Ans.: (d)
Solution: Using the seniority statements we can draw the seniority diagram
East  West  South  North
If the senior most declines thee assignment then the next person in thee seniority list will be Mr.
south and will be the new vice chancellor
Q17. The prices of diamonds having a particular colour and clarity are tabulated below:
Weight of diamond (in carats) Price of diamond (in rupees / carat)
0.25 1 lakh
0.5 2 lakh
1 4 lakh
2 8 lakh
How many 0.25 carat diamonds can be purchased for the price of a 2 carat diamond?
(a) 8 (b) 16 (c) 32 (d) 64
Ans.: (d)
Solution: The price of a 2 craft diamond is 0.25 1 lakh  0.25lakh

Hence the number of 0.25 carat diamond that can be purchased for the price of a 2 carat
16 lakh
diamond   64
0.25lakh

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Q18. In a sequence of 24 positive integers, the product of any two consecutive integer is 24 . If the
17th member of the sequence is 6 , the 7th member is
(a) 24 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 17
Ans.: (c)
Solution: The only possible numbers of the sequence can be those integers which are divisors of 24 .
Thus 1, 2,3, 4, 6,8,12 and 24 can be members of the series. From the question the 17 th member

will be 6 hence 16th and 18th member will be 4 . Using the same reasoning we see that the
sequence is
6, 4, 6, 4, 6, 4, 6, 4, 6, 4, 6, 4, 6, 4, 6, 4, 6, 4, 6, 4, 6, 4, 6, 4
Hence, we conclude that the 7th member of the series is 6 .
Q19. Mohan lent Geeta as much money as she already had, she then spent Rs. 10 . Next day, he
again lent as much money as Geeta now had, and she spent Rs. 10 again. On the third day,
Mohan again lent as much money as Geeta now had, and she again spent Rs. 10 .If Geeta was
left with no money at the end of third day, how much money did she have initially?
(a) Rs. 11.25 (b) Rs. 10 (c) Rs. 7.75 (d) Rs. 8.75
Ans.: (d)
Solution: Let the amount with Geeta be x . When Mohan gives Geeta money for the first time Geeta
has 2x rupees and after expenditure she has 2 x  10 . When Mohan again lents Geeta, she has
4 x  20 and after expenditure she has 4 x  30 .
On the third day the amount of money with Geeta is 2  4 x  30   10  8 x  70

From the question 8 x  70  0  x  8.75

Thus initially Geeta had rupees 8.75

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Q20. The distribution of marks of students in a class is given by the following chart:
100
90
80

No. of Students
70
60
50
40
30
20
10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Marks

If 3.30 marks is the passing score in a 10 mark question paper, which of the following is false?
(a) Majority of the students have scored above the pass mark
(b) mode of the distribution is 3
(c) Average marks of passing students is above 55%
(d) Average marks of students who have failed is below 20%
Ans.: (d)
Solution: From the diagram we see that 100 students have scored below the pass marks while 180
students have scored more than 3 marks, hence, majority of students have scored above pass
marks.
There are 80 students who have scored 3 marks hence 3 is the mode of distribution.
30  4  5  6  7  8  9 
The average marks obtained by passing students   6.5
180
Hence average marks obtained by passing students is above 55% .
10 1  10  2  80  3
Average marks obtained by failed students   2.7
100
We see that average marks obtained by failed students is above 20% , hence (d) is incorrect.

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PART B
Q21. Consider the following ordinary differential equation
2
d 2 x 1  dx  dx
    0
dt 2 x  dt  dt

with the boundary conditions x  t  0   0 and x  t  1  1 . The value of x  t  at t  2 is

(a) e 1 (b) e2  1 (c) e 1 (d) e2  1

Topic: Mathematical Physics
Subtopic: Differential Equation
Ans.: (c)
Solution: The given equation can be written as
1 d  dx  dx d  dx  dx
x   0  x  x 0
x dt  dt  dt dt  dt  dt
dx
putting y  x gives
dt
dy
 y  0  lny  t  lnc1  y  c1 et
dt
dx
Since x  c1 et hence by integrating
dt
x2
 c1 et  c2 (i)
2
Using boundary conditions we obtain
1
c1  c2  0 and c1 e  c2 
2
1 1
Solving these equations we obtain c1  and c2  
2  e  1 2  e  1

x2 1 1
Thus,  et 
2 2  e  1 2  e  1

When t  2, we obtain, x 
e2 2

1

 e 2  1
 e 1
 e  1  e  1  e  1
Therefore, x  2   e  1

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Q22. What is the value of a for which f  x, y   2 x  3  x 2  y 2   2i  3 xy  ay  is an analytic function

of complex variable z  x  iy

(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) 3 (d) 2

Ans.: (a)

Solution: f  x, y   2 x  3  x 2  y 2   2i  3 xy   y 

u  2 x  3  x2  y 2 

v  2  3xy   y 

C-R conditions: u x  v y , u y  vx ,

2  3  2 x   2  3x       1
6 y  6 y

Q23. Two particles A and B move with relativistic velocities of equal magnitude v , but in opposite
directions, along the x -axis of an inertial frame of reference. The magnitude of the velocity of
A , as seen from the rest frame of B , is

2v 2v cv 2v
(a) (b) (c) 2v (d)
 v2   v2  cv v2
1  2  1  2  1
 c   c  c2
Ans.: (b)
Solution: u x  v V v

u x'  V vv 2v
ux  ux  2

v2
'
u xV v
1 1 2 1 2
c2 c c
Q24. Which of the following figures best describes the trajectory of a particle moving in a repulsive
a
central potential V  r   ( a  0 is a constant)?
r
y y
(a) (b)

x x
O O

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y
y

(c) x (d)
O x
O

Ans.: (c) y
a
Solution: The potential is V  r   which is repulsive. So there is
r
x
O
unbounded motion and mainly represent by scattering project

  
Q25. Consider the three vectors v1  2iˆ  3kˆ, v2  iˆ  2 ˆj  2kˆ and v3  5iˆ  ˆj  akˆ where iˆ, ˆj and k̂

are the standard unit vectors in a three-dimensional Euclidean space. These vectors will be
linearly dependent if the value of a is
31 23 27
(a) (b) (c) (d) 0
4 4 4
Ans.: (a)
Solution: Given vector will be linearly dependent if the determinant of the matrix formed by taking
these vectors as column is zero.
2 1 5
0 2 1  0  2  2a  2    3  5  6   0
3 2 a

31
 4a  4  3  30  0  4a  31  0  a 
4

 dxf  x  eikx of the function f  x   e
x
Q26. The Fourier transform


2 1 2 2
(a)  (b)  (c) (d)
1 k2 2 1  k 2  1 k 2 2  k2 
Ans.: (c)
 

  dx e
x x
Solution: dxe eikx  cos kxdx odd function sin kx vanishes
 

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
e x
  cos kx  k sin kx 0

 2  e  x cos kx dx  2
0
1 k 2

e ax
  e ax cos bxdx  a cos bx  b sin bx 
a 2  b2

e0 2
 2  e  x cos kxdx  2 
0
1 k 2
1 k 2

Q27. The value of the integral

 /2 1
 dx  dy.  sin 2 x    x  y  is
 /2 1

1 1
(a) 0 (b) (c) (d) 1
2 2
Ans.: (b)
 /2 1  /2 1
Solution: I   dx  dy  sin 2 x    x  y    dx   sin 2 x     y  x  dy
 / 2 1  / 2 1

If we assume that x lies between 1 and 1 then the second integral is 1 and the given
integral becomes
 /2
I    sin 2 x dx
 / 2

 n 

 x 
 2 
now   sin 2 x   
n  n
2 cos 2
2
 /2
1 1 1
Therefore, I     x  dx  .1 
2  / 2 2 2

Q28. A particle moves in the one-dimensional potential V  x    x 6 , where a  0 is a constant. If the

total energy of the particle is E , its time period in a periodic motion is proportional to
(a) E 1/ 3 (b) E 1/ 2 (c) E1/ 3 (d) E1/ 2
Ans.: (a)

Solution: J   Pdx
1/ 6
E dE
J   2mE 
1/ 2
   E  J 3/ 2   J 1/ 2    E1/ 3  T  E 1/ 3
a dJ

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Q29. Two point charges 2Q and Q are kept at point with Cartesian coordinates 1, 0, 0  ,

respectively, in front of an infinite grounded conducting plate at x  0 . The potential at  x, 0, 0 

for x  1 depends on x as
(a) x 3 (b) x 5 (c) x 2 (d) x 4
Ans.: (a)
2 1
Solution: x
Q 2Q 0 2Q Q

Monopole moment 2Q  Q  2Q  Q  0
 
Dipole moment p  Q  2 xˆ   2Q  xˆ   2Q   xˆ   Q  2 xˆ   p  0

1
Thus V 
x3
Q30. Two Stern-Gerlach apparatus S1 and S2 are kept in a line ( x -axis). The directions of their

magnetic fields are along the positive z and y -axes, respectively. Each apparatus only

transmits particles with spins aligned in thee direction of its magnetic field. If an initially
1
unpolarized bearn of spin particles passes through this configuration, the ratio of intensities
2
l0 : l f of the initial and final beams is

l0 lf
k̂ ĵ

(a) 16 :1 (b) 2 :1 (c) 4 :1 (d) 1: 0

Ans.: (c)
Solution:
I0 I0 4
If  
4 If 1

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Q31. The following configuration of three identical narrow slits are illuminated by monochromatic
light of wavelength  (as shown in the figure below). The intensity is measured at an angle 
(where  is the angle with the incident beam) at a large distance from the slits. If
2 d
 sin  , the intensity is proportional to

(a) 2 cos   2 cos 2
d
1
(b) 3  sin 2 3
 2 
2d
(c) 3  2 cos   2 cos 2  2 cos 3
1
(d) 2  sin 2 3
 2

Ans.: (c)
  i t     
Solution: E1  Ae   , E2  A ei ei t , E3  A ei1 ei t  Ae3i ei t

2 2
  d sin  , 1   3d sin    3
 
    
E  E1  E2  E3  A 1  ei  e3i  ei t
 
E   A 1  e i  e3i  e  it
 
I  E.E   A2 1  ei  e3i  1  e  i  e 3i 

 ei  e  i ei 2  e i 2 ei 3  e  i 3 
I  A2 3  2 2 2 
 2 2 2 

I  A2 3  2 cos   2 cos 2  2 cos 3 

1 1
Q32. A particle of mass m , kept in potential V  x    kx 2   x 4 (where k and  are positive
2 4
constants), undergoes small oscillations about an equilibrium point. The frequency of
oscillations is

1 2 1 k 1 2k 1 
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 m 2 m 2 m 2 m
Ans.: (c)
1 1
Solution: V   kx 2   x 4
2 4
dV
0 kx   x 3  0
dx
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k k
x  0, x 2   x  x0 
 
d 2V
 k at x  0 so x  0 is unstable part
dx 2

d 2V k k
 2k at x0  so x0  is stable equation point
dx 2
 x

d 2V
dx 2 x  x0 2k 1 2k
  f 
m m 2 m
1   
Q33. The Hamiltonian of a spin particle in a magnetic field B is given by H    .B. , where  is
2
 
a real constant and    x ,  y ,  z  are the Pauli spin matrices. If B   B0 , B0 , 0  and the spin

state at time t  0 is an eigenstate of  x , then of the expectation values  x ,  y and  z

(a) only  x changes with time (b) only  y changes with time

(c) only  z changes with time (d) all three change with time

Ans.: (d)
1  1
Solution:  x ,  y and  z will changes with time because Eigen state of  x ie   and
2  1

1 1    0 1 i 
  and can be written in basis of eigen state of H    .B.   B0  
2  1  1  i 0 
Q34. A particle of mass m is constrained to move in a circular ring of radius R . When a perturbation
a
V  cos 2  (where a is a real constant) is added , the shift in energy of the ground state, to
R2
first order in a , is
a 2a a a
(a) (b) (c) (d)
R2 R2 2R2  R 2 
Ans.: (c)
a 1
Solution: V   cos 2  where 0 
2
2
R
2
a 1
0 V ' 0   2 cos 
2

R2 0

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2
a 1 a 2 a

2 R 2  2 1  cos 2  d  2 R
0
2

2 2R2

Q35. A particle of mass m is confined in a three-dimensional box by the potential

0, 0  x, y, z  a
V  x, y , z   
 otherwise

9 2 2
The number of eigenstates of Hamiltonian with energy is
2ma 2
(a) 1 (b) 6 (c) 3 (d) 4
Ans.: (c)
9 2  2
Solution: Enx , ny ,nz 
2ma 2
nx ny nz 
1 2 2 

2 2 1
2 1 2 

 2 2
where E xx , xy , xz   nx2  n y2  nz2 
2ma 2
 
Q36. The electric field E and the magnetic field B corresponding to the scalar and vector potentials,
 1
V  x, y , z , t   0 and A  x, y, z, t   kˆ0 A0  ct  x  , where A0 is a constant, are
2
  1  1  1
(a) E  0 and B  ˆj  0 A0 (b) E   kˆ0 A0 c and B  ˆj  0 A0
2 2 2
  1  1  1
(c) E  0 and B   iˆ0 A0 (d) E  kˆ0 A0 c and B   iˆ0 A0
2 2 2
Ans.: (b)

 A 1  1
Solution: E     0 A0  c  0   kˆ   0 A0ckˆ
t 2  2

xˆ yˆ zˆ
      A A  1
B   A   xˆ z  yˆ z  B  0 A0 ˆj
x y z y x 2
0 0 Az

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Q37. The electric field of a plane wave in a conducting medium is given by

ˆ 0 e  z / 3a cos  z  t  ,
E  z , t   iE  
 3a 
where  is the angular frequency and a  0 is a constant. The phase difference between the
 
magnetic field B and the electric field E is
   
(a) 300 and B lags behind B (b) 300 and B lags behind E
   
(c) 600 and E lags behind B (d) 600 and B lags behind E
Ans.: (b)
 
Solution: E  z , t   iE
ˆ 0 e  z cos  kz  t   E  and B  z , t   ˆjB0 e  z cos  kz  t   E   
 
where   tan 1   .
k

ˆ 0e  z / 3a cos  z  t     1 and k  1
 E  z , t   iE   3a
 3a  3a
 1 
   tan 1    30
0

 3 
Q38. Which of the following statements concerning the coefficient of volume expansion  and the
isothermal compressibility  of a solid is true?
(a)  and  are both intensive variables
(b)  is an intensive and  is an extensive variable
(c)  is an extensive and  is an intensive variable
(d)  and  are both extensive variables
Ans.: (a)
1  dV  1  P 
Solution:    ,      both are intensive property
V  dT  V  V T

Q39. A sinusoidal signal with a peak voltage V p and average value zero, is an input to the following

circuit.

Vp
Input voltage RL Output
voltage
C

Assuming ideal diodes, the peak value of the output voltage across the load resistor RL is

Vp
(a) V p (b) (c) 2V p (d) 2V p
2

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Ans.: (c)
Solution: It’s a voltage doubler circuit
Peak value  2V p

Q40. In the following circuit, the value of the common-emitter forward current amplification factor
 for the transistor is 100 and VBE is 0.7V .

VCC 20.7V

500 k R1 R2
5k
Ib Output
Input
Ik
The base current I B is

(a) 40  A (b) 30  A (c) 44  A (d) 33  A

Ans.: (d)
Vcc  VBE 20.7  0.7 20 20 1000
Solution: I B      A  33.3 A
RB   RE 500  100 1 600 K 600

Q41. The number of ways of distributing 11 indistinguishable bosons in 3 different energy levels is

(a) 311 (b) 113 (c)

13! (d)
11!
2!11 ! 3!8!

Ans.: (c)
Solution: n  11 g  3
n  g 1 11  3  1 13
w  
n g 1 11 2 11 2

 a 
Q42. The van der Waals equation for one mole of a gas is  p  2  V  b   RT . The corresponding
 V 
equation of state for n moles of this gas at pressure P , volume V and temperature T , is

 an 2   a 
(a)  P  2  V  nb   nRT (b)  P  2  V  nb   nRT
 V   V 

 an 2   a 
(c)  P  2  V  nb   nRT (d)  P  2  V  nb   nRT
 V   V 

Ans.: (a)
Solution: For n mole gas van der Waal equation is
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 an 2 
 p  V  nb   nRT
 V 

Q43. In a system of N distinguishable particles, each particle can be in one of two states with
energies 0 and  E , respectively. The mean energy of the system at temperature T is
1

(a)  N 1  e / kBT
2
 (b)  NE 1  e / kBT 
1
(c)  NE
2

(d)  NE 1  e  / kBT 
Ans.: (d)
Solution: For one particle system
0

0  e k BT    E  e  E / k B T  E e E / k BT E  NE
E  0 / k B T
   E / k BT
E 
e e E / k BT
1  e E / k BT e 1 1  e  E / k BT
Q44. In the following JK flip-flop circuit, J and K inputs are tied together to VCC . If the input is a

clock signal of frequency f , the frequency of the output Q is

VCC
I Q

Clock signal
K Q

f
(a) f (b) 2 f (c) 4 f (d)
2
Ans.: (d)
Solution: It divides clock frequency by 2
Q45. Which of the following gates can be used as a parity checker?
(a) an OR gate (b) a NOR gate
(c) an exclusive OR (XOR) gate (d) an AND gate
Ans.: (c)

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Q46. Which of the following statements is true for a 3  3 real orthogonal matrix with determinant
1 ?
(a) the modulus of each of its eigenvalues need not be 1 , but their product must be 1
(b) at least one of its eigenvalues is 1
(c) all of its eigenvalues must be real
(d) none of its eigenvalues must be real
Ans.: (b)
Solution: The characteristic equation of any 3  3 matrix is of thee form  3  a 2  b  c  0 which
implies that at least one of the eigenvalues must be real. It is a proven fact that modulus of
each eigenvalues of an orthogonal matrix is 1 .
If all eigenvalues of 3  3 orthogonal matrix are real then only possibilities for eigenvalues are
1  1, 2  1 and 3  1 or 1  1, 2  1, 3  1 or 1  1, 2  1, 3  1
Thus we see that at least one eigenvalue is 1 . Suppose one eigenvalues is real and other two
eigenvalues are complex conjugates. Now
12 3  1

 1  a  ib  a  ib   1  1  a 2  b 2   1

Since a 2  b2 is always positive hence 1  1 .

In this case also we see that at least one eigenvalue must be 1

k
Q47. A particle of mass m moves in a central potential V  r    in an elliptic orbit
r
a 1  e 2 
r    , where 0    2 and a and e denote the semi-major axis and eccentricity,
1  e cos 
k
respectively. If its total energy is E   , the maximum kinetic energy is
2a
 e  1  e  1
(a) E 1  e 2  (b) E (c) E / 1  e 2  (d) E
 e  1  e  1
Ans.: (b)
Solution: E  T  V T  E V
k k k k
T   T   1  cos  
2a r 2a a 1  e 2 

T . maximum cos   1

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k k 1  e  k k 1  e 
Tmax     
2a a 1  e 
2
2a a 1  e 1  e 

k 1 1  k  1 e  1 e 
        E 
a  2 1  e   2a  1  e   1 e 

xp 2 1
Q48. The Hamiltonian of a one-dimensional system is H   kx , where m and k are positive
2m 2
constants. The corresponding Euler-Lagrange equation for the system is
(a) mx  k  0 (b) mx  2 x  kx 2  0
(c) 2mxx  mx 2  kx 2  0 (d) mxx  2mx 2  kx 2  0
Ans.: (c)
xp 2 1
Solution: H   kx
2m 2
H xp mx
 x   x p
p m x

xp 2 1 mx 2 mx 2 1 mx 2 1

  H  L  xp
L  xp    kx    kx   kx
2m 2 x 2x 2 2x 2
Eular Lagrangas equation is given by
d  L  L
  0
dr  x  x
mx mxx
 1
 2  k 0
x 2x 2
2 xmx  mx 2  kx 2  0
Q49. A hollow waveguide supports transverse electric TE  modes with the dispersion

1
relation k   2  mn
2
, where mn is the mode frequency. The speed of flow of
c
electromagnetic energy at the mode frequency is
(a) c (b) mn / k (c) 0 (d) 

Ans.: (c)
Solution: Energy carried by the wave travels at the group velocity
2
d  
vg   c 1   mn  at   mn , vg  0
dk   

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2 
Q50. The energy of a free relativistic particle is E  p c 2  m 2 c 4 , where m is its rest mass, p is

its momentum and c is the speed of light in vacuum. The ratio vg / v p of the group velocity vg

of a quantum mechanical wave packet (describing this particle) to the phase velocity v p is
  2 
(a) p c / E (b) p mc 3 / E 2 (c) p c 3 / E 2 (d) p c / 2 E

Ans.: (c)
dE E
Solution: E 2  p 2 c 2  m 2 c 4 and vg  , vp 
dp p
dE E dE
2E  2 pc 2   c2
dp p dp
vg c2 vg c3 p 2
  2
v p v 2p vp E

In the function Pn  x  e  x of a real variable x , Pn  x  is polynomial of degree n . The maximum

2
Q51.

number of extrema that this function can have is

(a) n  2 (b) n  1 (c) n  1 (d) n
Ans.: (c)

Solution: y  Pn  x  e  x  Pn  x  e  x  Pn  x  e  x  2 x   0  Pn  x   2 xPn  x   0

2 2 2

P0  x   1, P1  x   2  P0  x   2 xP0  x   0  0  2 x.1  0

x  0, 1 extrema

P1 x   2 xP1  x   0

1
1  2 x.x  0  x   i.e., 2 extrema.
2

Thus in general there are  n  1 extrema.

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d 2 y  x
Q52. The Green’s function G  x, x  for the equation  y  x   f  x  , with the boundary
dx 2
 
values y  0   y    0 , is
2

   
 x  x  2  , 0  x  x 
2
  
(a) G  x, x    
 x    x , 0  x  x 

 2

2

 
 cos x  sin x, 0  x  x  2
(b) G  x, x    
 sin x  cos x, 0  x   x  
 2

 
cos x  sin x, 0  x  x 
2
(c) G  x, x    
sin x  cos x, 
0  x  x 
 2

   
 x  2  x  , 0  x  x 
2
  
(d) G  x, x    
 x    x  , 0  x  x 

  2 
 2

Ans.: (b)
d2y
Solution: 2
 y  0  m2  1  0  m  0  i
dx
y1  x   sin x  at  , y1  x   cos x

 
y2  x   cos x  at  , y2  x    sin x
 2

 
A  P  x   y2  x  y1  x1   y1  x   y2  x 

 A   sin x sin x  cos cos x  P  x   1  A  1

 
 sin x cos x, 0  x  x 
 Ay1  x  y2  x  , x  x  2
Thus G  x, x    
 Ay2  x  y1  x  , x  x  cos x sin x, 0  x  x  

 2

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1 1
Q53. The fractional error in estimating the integral 0
xdx using Simpson’s
3
rule, using a step size

0.1 , is nearest to
(a) 104 (b) 0 (c) 102 (d) 3 104
Ans.: (b)
h
Solution: I   y0  2  y2  y4  ....  4  y1  y3  y6  ...  yn 
3
0.1
  0  2  0.2  0.4  0.6  0.8   4  0.1  0.3  0.5  0.7  0.9  1 
3 
1 15
  4  10  1   0.5
30 30
I 0.5  0.5
fractional error   0
I true 0.5

y0 0

y1 0.1

y2 0.2

y3 0.3

y4 0.4

y5 0.5

y6 0.6

y7 0.7

y8 0.8

y9 0.9

y10 1.0

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Q54. An inertial frame K  moves with a constant speed v with respect to another inertial frame K
along their common x - direction. Let  x, ct  and  x , ct   denote the space-time coordinates in

the frames K and K  , respectively. Which of the following space-time diagrams correctly
describes the t  - axis  x   0 line  and the x  - axis  t   0 line  in the x-ct plane? (In the

following figures tan   v / c )

ct ct  ct ct 

(a)  (c)  x

x  x


x

ct ct  ct
ct 

(c) x (d)
 

 x
x 

x
Ans. : (b)
 ct    cosh   sinh  0 0   ct 
    
x  sinh  cos  0 0 x 
Solution:    
 y   0 0 1 0 y 
    
 z   0 0 0 1   z 

ct ct 

 x

 x

Where v  cosh  ,  v  sinh    tanh 

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Q55. The loop shown in the figure below carries a steady current I .
I

3a
a
O
The magnitude of the magnetic field at the point O is
0 I 0 I 0 I 0 I
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2a 6a 4a 3a
Ans. : (b)
1 0 I 1 0 I
Solution: Ba  , B3 a  
2 2a 2 2  3a 

0 I  1  0 I
B  Ba  B3a  1   
4a  3  6a

Q56. In the region far from a source, the time dependent electric field at a point  r , ,   is

  sin     r 
E  r , ,    ˆ E0 2   cos   t   
 r    c 
where  is angular frequency of the source. The total power radiated (averaged over a cycle) is
2 E02 4 4 E02 4 4 E02 4 2 E02 4
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 0 c 3 0 c 3 0 c 3 0 c

Ans. : (b)
E
Solution: B 
c
 1 E 2 E02 4 Sm2   r 
S  E.B   cos 2   t   
0 0 c 0c r 2
  c 
 1 E02 4 sin 2 
S 
2 0 c r 2
  E 2 4  2
sin 2  2
P   S .da  0  r sin  d d
S
2 0 c 0 0
r2

E02 4 4 4 E02 4
P   2 
2 0 c 3 3 0 c

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Q57. The pressure P of a system of N particles contained in a volume V at a temperature T is
1 2 1 3
given by P  nk B T  an  bn , where n is the number density and a and b are
2 6
temperature independent constants. If the system exhibits a gas-liquid transition, the critical
temperature is
a a a2 a2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
bk B 2b 2 k B 2bk B b2 kB

Ans. : (c)
1 1 N
Solution: P  nk BT  an 2  bn3 n
2 6 V
P 2P
For critical condition  0 and 0
V V 2
N 1 N2 1 N3
P k BT  a 2  b 3
V 2 V 6 V
P aN 2 bN 3
 0  Nk BT   2 (i)
V V 2V
2 P 3aN 2 2bN 3
 0  2 Nk BT   2 (ii)
V 2
V V
From equation (i) and (ii)
bN
VC 
a
b
put the value of VC  N in equation (i)
a
a2
T
2k B b

Q58. Consider a particle diffusing in a liquid contained in a large box. The diffusion constant of the
particle in the liquid is 1.0  102 cm 2 / s . The minimum time after which the root-mean-squared
displacement becomes more than 6 cm is

(a) 10 min (b) 6 min (c) 30 min (d) 6 min

Ans. : (a)

Solution: r 2  6 Dt

r 2   r.m.s    6 c.m 
2 2
D  1 102 c.m 2 / sec

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6
2
r2
t   600 sec  10 min
60 6 1 102
Q59. A thermally insulated chamber of dimensions  L, L, 2 L  is partitioned in the middle. One side

of the chamber is filled with n moles of an ideal gas at a pressure P and temperature T , while
the other side is empty. At t  0 , the partition is removed and the gas is allowed to expand
freely. The time to reach equilibrium varies as

L P, T

2L

(a) n1/ 3 L1T 1/ 2 (b) n 2 / 3 LT 1/ 2 (c) n 0 LT 1/ 2 (d) n L1T 1/ 2

Ans. : (c)

m v2 m 3kT
from kinetic theory of gases F   MLt 2  where nM  m M is molecular mass
L L M

t 2  L2T  t  LT 1/ 2
Solution:
Q60. Two signals A1 sin  t  and A2 cos t  are fed into the input and the reference channels,

respectively, of a lock-in amplifier. The amplitude of each signal is 1 V . The time constant of the

lock-in amplifier is such that any signal of frequency larger than  is filtered out. The output of
the lock-in amplifier is
(a) 2 V (b) 1 V (c) 0.5 V (d) 0 V

Ans. : (d)
A1 A2
Solution: v  A1 sin t. A2 cos t  sin t  t   sin t  t  
2 
A1 A2
v sin 2t
2
This signal will be filtered out, so output is 0V .

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o
Q61. The maximum intensity of solar radiation is at the wavelength of s u n ~ 5000 A and

corresponds to its surface temperature Tsun ~ 104 K . If the wavelength of the maximum

o
intensity of an X -ray star is 5 A , its surface temperature is of the order of
(a) 1016 K (b) 1014 K (c) 1010 K (d) 107 K
Ans. : (d)
Solution: From vein’s law
Tmax sun  constant
0
5000 A00 104  5 A  T

5000 10 4
T T  107 K
5
Q62. The full scale of a 3 -bit digital-to-analog (DAC) converter is 7V . Which of the following tables

represents the output voltage of this 3 -bit DAC for the given set of input bits?

(a) Input bits Output voltage (b) Input bits Output voltage
000 0 000 0
001 1 001 1.25
010 2 010 2.5
011 3 011 3.75

Input bits Output voltage Input bits Output voltage

(c) (d)
000 1.25 000 1
001 2.5 001 2
010 3.75 010 3
011 5 011 4

Ans. : (a)
Solution: (111)  7V ,  001  1V ,  010   2V ,  011  3V , 100   4V …….

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Q63. The input Vi to the following circuit is a square wave as shown in the following figure
Vi
T /2 T C R
 0, 0  t 
V


Which of the waveforms V0 best describes the output?

Vo Vo
(a) T /2 T (b)
 0, 0  t  0, 0 T
T /2 t

Vo Vo
T /2 T T /2 T
(c) (d)
 0, 0  t
 0, 0  t

Ans. : (b)
Solution: It’s a differentiator circuit
p2
Q64. The nth energy eigenvalues En of a one-dimensional Hamiltonian H    x 4 (where   0 is
2m
a constant) in the WEB approximation, is proportional to
4/3 4/3
 1  1
(a)  n    1/ 3
(b)  n    2/3
 2  2
5/3 5/ 3
 1  1
(c)  n    1/ 3 (d)  n    2/3
 2  2
Ans. : (a)
Solution: From W.K.B approximation
x
 1
4. Pdx   n   h
0  2

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1/ 4
E
 

 1
4  2m  E   x 4 dx    n   h
0  2

making the integration dimensional

1/ 4 1 4/3
E  1  1  1
4   2mE  
1/ 2
  1  t 4 dt   n    E 3/ 4   n    1/ 4  E   n    1/ 3
 0  2  2  2

d 
Q65. The differential scattering cross-section for the central potential V  r   e   r , where 
d r
and  are positive constants, is calculated in thee first Born approximation. Its dependence on

the scattering angle  is proportional to ( A is a constant below)

1
   
(a)  A2  sin 2  (b)  A2  sin 2 
 2  2
2 2
   
(c)  A2  sin 2  (d)  A2  sin 2 
 2  2
Ans. : (c)

Solution: f     V  r  sin krdr  D    f  
2


1 e r
f   
k 0
 r sin krdr
r
  
1 e   r  eikr  e ikr  1
f     r  dr   e e dr   e  r e ikr dr
  r ikr

k0 r  2i  2ik 0 0

1   r   ik  

1    ik    ik  2ik 2
   k2 
1
dr   e 
 r   ikr 
 e dr     
2ik  0  2ik    k
2 2
 2ik
2
1  1 
f    2 , D     2 2 
  k2   k 


D      2  k 2  , where k  sin
2

2
2 2
   
D      2  sin 2  or D     A2  sin 2 
 2  2

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Q66. At t  0 , the wavefunction of an otherwise free particle confined between two infinite walls at

2  x 3 x 
x  0 and x  L is   x, t  0    sin  sin  . Its wave function at a later time
L L L 

mL2
t is
4 h

2  x 3 x  i / 6 2  x 3 x   i / 6
(a)  sin  sin e (b)  sin  sin e
L L L  L L L 

2  x 3 x   i / 8 2  x 3 x   i / 6
(c)  sin  sin e (d)  sin  sin e
L L L  L L L 
Ans. : (d)

 2 x 2 3 x 
Solution:   x, t  0    sin  sin 
 L L L L 

  x, t  0   1  3
 iE1t  iE3t
  x, t   1 e 
 3 e 

 22 9 2  2 mL2
E1  E3  t
2mL2 2mL2 4 
 i 9 i  i
  x, t   1 e 8
 3 e 8
e 8
1  3 e  i 

 i  i
 2 x 2 3 x 
e 8
 1  3  e 8
 sin  sin
L 

 L L L

Q67. Sodium Chloride  NaCl  crystal is a face-centered cubic lattice with a basis consisting of Na 

and Cl  ions separated by half the body diagonal of a unit cube. Which of the planes
corresponding to the Miller indices given below will not give rise to Bragg reflection of X -rays?
(a)  220  (b)  242  (c)  221 (d)  311

Ans. : (c)
Solution: Mixed  h k l  are absent in NaCl .  221 is mixed number of even and odd therefore this

plane is absent.

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Q68. The dispersion relation for the electrons in the conduction band of a semiconductor is given by
E  E0   k 2 where  and E0 are constants. If c is the cyclotron resonance frequency of the

conduction band electrons in a magnetic field B , the value of  is

c 2 2c  2c  2c
(a) (b) (c) (d)
4eB eB eB 2eB
Ans. : (d)
eB 2
Solution: c  where m *

m* d 2 E / dk 2
d 2E
Since E  E0   k 2   2
dk 2
eB 2  2c
 c   eB   
 2 / 2  2 2eB
Q69. Hard disc of radius R are arranged in a two-dimensional triangular lattice. What is the
fractional area occupied by the discs in the closest possible packing?

 3   2 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
6 3 2 5 7
Ans. : (a)
neff   r 2
Solution: P.F 
A

1 3 2 3 3 2 3 3
 2r   6 3r 2
2
where neff   6  1  3 and A  6  a  a 
3 4 2 2

3  r 2   3
P.F .   
6 3r 2
2 3 6
Q70. A photon of energy 115.62 keV ionizes a K -shell electron of a Be atom. One L -shell electron
jumps to the K -shell to fill this vacancy and emits a photon of energy 109.2 keV in the process.
If the ionization potential for the L -shell is 6.4 keV , the kinetic energy of the ionized electron

is
(a) 6.42 keV (b) 12.82 keV (c) 20 eV (d) 32 eV

Ans. : (c)

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Solution: Binding energy of K -shell electron 6.4 KeV L
I p  6.4 KeV  109.2 KeV  115.6 KeV 109.2 KeV

Thus, K.E. of ionized electron is Ip K

= 115.62 KeV  115.6 KeV  0.02 KeV  20 eV
115.6 KeV e

Q71. The value of the Lande g -factor for a fine-structure level defined by the quantum number
L  1, J  2 and S  1 , is
11 4 8 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
6 3 3 2
Ans. : (d)
J  J  1  S  S  1  L  L  1 2  2  1  2  2 1 3
Solution: g  1   1  1 
2 J  J  1 2  2  2  1 2 2

Q72. The electronic energy level diagram of a molecule is shown in the following figure,
2
23

3
 21 34 Laser light
4

41
1

Let ij denote the decay rate for a transition from the level i to j . The molecules are optically

pumped from level 1 to 2 . For the transition from level 3 to level 4 to be a lassing transition,
the decay rates have to satisfy
(a)  21   23   41   34 (b)  21   41   23  34

(c)  41   23   21   34 (d)  41   21  34   23

Ans. : (c)
Solution: The state 3 is metastable state, therefore 34 would be lowest to enhance population

inversion  41   23 . Thus correct sequence is  41   23   21  34

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Q73. The reaction 63

Cu29  p  63
Zn30  n is followed by a prompt   decay of zinc
63
Zn30  63Cu29  e   ve . If the maximum energy of the position is 2.4 MeV , the Q -value of

the original reaction in MeV is nearest to

[Take the masses of electron, proton and neutron to be 0.5 MeV / c 2 ,938 MeV / c 2 and

939.5 MeV / c 2 ,respectively.]

(a) 4.4 (b) 2.4 (c) 4.8 (d) 3.4
Ans. : (a)

Solution: For 63
Zn30 63 Cu29  e    e

Q1   Zn  30e   Cu  29e  e   Zn  Cu  2e  2.4 MeV

For 63
Cu29  p  63
Zn30  n

Q0   Cu  29e   p    Zn  30e   n 

 Cu  Zn  e  p  n   Q1  2e   e  p  n  Q1  e  p  n 

 2.4   0.5  938  939.5   4.4.MeV

Q74. A deuteron d captures a charged pion   in the l  1 state, and subsequently decays into a
pair of neutrons  n  via strong interaction. Given that the intrinsic parities of   , d and n are

1, 1 and 1 respectively, the spin wavefunction of the final state neutrons is

(a) linear combination of a singlet and a triplet

(b) singlet
(c) triplet
(d) doublet
Ans. : (b)
Solution: Parity must conserve intersections
 d  nn
The parity of the initial state is
1
 1 P Pd   1  1 1  1
l

The parity of the final state is

 1 Pn Pn   1  1 1   1  1 l  0, 2,....

l l l

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because the nucleons are identical fermions, the allowed states of two nucleons are 1 S 0 , 3 P0,1,2

corresponding to l  0 and l  1 . Thus only l  0 (singlet) is allowed.

Q75. Which of the following elementary particle processes does not conserve strangeness?
(a)  0  p  k    0 (b)    p  k 0   0

(c)  0   0  n (d) K 0      
Ans.: (d)
Solution: (a)
 0  p  k   0
Conserved
S: 0 0  1 1

(b)
  p  k 0  0
Conserved
S: 0 0  1 1
(c)
0  0 n
Conserved
S: 0 0 0

(d)
K0     
Not conserved
S : 1 0 0

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