exercises_171024 [32 marks]

1. [Maximum mark: 8]
Ollie has installed security lights on the side of his house that are activated by a
sensor. The sensor is located at point C directly above point D. The area covered
by the sensor is shown by the shaded region enclosed by triangle ABC. The
distance from A to B is 4.5 m and the distance from B to C is 6 m. Angle AĈB is 15°.

(a) Find CÂB. [3]

Markscheme

∧
∘
sin CAB

6
=
sin 15

4.5
(M1)(A1)

CÂB = 20.2º (20.187415…) A1

Note: Award (M1) for substituted sine rule formula and award (A1) for correct
substitutions.

[3 marks]
 (b) Point B on the ground is 5 m from point E at the entrance to
Ollie’s house. He is 1.8 m tall and is standing at point D, below
the sensor. He walks towards point B.

Find the distance Ollie is from the entrance to his house when
he first activates the sensor. [5]

Markscheme

CBD = 20.2 + 15 = 35.2

∘
A1

(let X be the point on BD where Ollie activates the sensor)

1.8
tan 35.18741 …
∘
=
BX
(M1)

Note: Award A1 for their correct angle CBD. Award M1 for correctly
substituted trigonometric formula.

BX = 2.55285 … A1

5 − 2.55285 … (M1)

= 2.45 (m) (2.44714…) A1

[5 marks]

2. [Maximum mark: 9]
An archaeological site is to be made accessible for viewing by the public. To do
this, archaeologists built two straight paths from point A to point B and from
point B to point C as shown in the following diagram. The length of path AB is
185 m, the length of path BC is 250 m, and angle AB̂C is 125°.
(a) Find the distance from A to C. [3]

Markscheme

2 2 2
AC = 185 + 250 − 2 × 185 × 250 × cos(125°) (M1)(A1)

Note: Award (M1) for substitution in the cosine formula; (A1) for correct
substitution.

387 (387. 015 …) (m) (A1)(G2)

Note: If radians are used the answer is 154 (154. 471 …), award at

most (M1)(A1)(A0).

[3 marks]

The archaeologists plan to build two more straight paths, AD and DC. For the
ˆ
paths to go around the site, angle BAD is to be made equal to 85° and angle
BĈD is to be made equal to 70° as shown in the following diagram.
(b) Find the size of

(b.i) ˆ
angle BAC . [3]

Markscheme

250 387.015…
=
sin (125°)
(M1)(A1)(ft)
ˆ
sin BAC

OR

2 2 2

cos
−1
(
185 +387.015… −250

2×185×387.015…
) (M1)(A1)(ft)

Note: Award (M1) for substitution in the sine or cosine formulas; (A1)(ft) for
correct substitution.

ˆ
BAC = 31. 9° (31. 9478 …°) (A1)(ft)(G2)

Note: Follow through from part (a).

 [3 marks]

(b.ii) angle CÂD. [1]

Markscheme

(CAD =) 53. 1° (53. 0521 …°) (A1)(ft)

Note: Follow through from their part (b)(i) only if working seen.

[1 mark]

(c) Find the size of angle AĈD. [2]

Markscheme

(ACD = ) 70° − (180° − 125° − 31.9478°…) (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for subtracting their angle AĈB from 70°.

OR

(ADC =) 360 − (85 + 70 + 125) = 80

(ACD =) 180 − 80 − 53.0521... (M1)

46.9° (46.9478…°) (A1)(ft)(G2)

Note: Follow through from part (b)(i).

[2 marks]
3. [Maximum mark: 6]
Point H on a hot-air balloon is sighted at the same time by two observers. One
observer is at the top of a vertical building that is 156 metres tall. The other
observer is at the base of the building.

The angle of elevation from point A (at the top of the building) to H is 40°,
and the angle of elevation from point B (at the base of the building) to H is
57°. Point X is the ground directly below point H. This information is shown in

the diagram.

diagram not to scale

(a) Find the size of angle AĤB. [2]

 Markscheme

attempt to calculate AĤB using 33 OR use of alternate angles (M1)

e.g., 180 − (33 + 130) OR 90 − (33 + 40) OR 57 − 40

17 (°) A1

[2 marks]

(b) Calculate the distance from point B to point H. [3]

Markscheme

attempt to use sine rule (M1)

BH 156

sin (130°)
=
sin (17°)
(A1)

(BH =) 409 (m) (408. 736 …) A1

Note: If radians are used, answer is 151 (150. 922 …); award at most

(M1)(A1)A0.

[3 marks]

The hot-air balloon remains at a constant height as it moves further away from
the building.

(c) Describe, in words, the change in the angle of depression from

point H to point B as the horizontal distance between the
balloon and the building increases.
 [1]

Markscheme

the angle of depression from the hot air balloon) gets smaller A1

(as the horizontal distance increases)

[1 mark]

4. [Maximum mark: 9]
A farmer owns a triangular field ABC. The length of side [AB] is 85 m and
side [AC] is 110 m. The angle between these two sides is 55°.

(a) Find the area of the field. [3]

Markscheme

* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics

senior examiners to aid teachers in preparing for external assessment in the
new MAA course. There may be minor differences in formatting compared
to formal exam papers.

1
Area =
2
× 110 × 85 × sin 55° (M1)(A1)

= 3830 (3829. 53 …) m
2
A1

Note: units must be given for the final A1 to be awarded.

 [3 marks]

(b) The farmer would like to divide the field into two equal parts by
constructing a straight fence from A to a point D on [BC].

Find BD. Fully justify any assumptions you make. [6]

Markscheme

2
BC = 110
2 2
+ 85 − 2 × 110 × 85 × cos 55° (M1)A1

BC = 92. 7 (92. 7314 …) (m) A1

METHOD 1

Because the height and area of each triangle are equal they must have the
same length base R1

D must be placed half-way along BC A1

BD =
92.731…

2
≈ 46. 4 (m) A1

Note: the final two marks are dependent on the R1 being awarded.

METHOD 2

Let CB̂A = θ°

sin θ sin 55°

110
=
92.731…
M1

⇒ θ = 76. 3° (76. 3354 …)

Use of area formula

1

2
× 85 × BD × sin(76. 33 …°) =
3829.53…

2
A1

BD = 46. 4 (46. 365 …) (m) A1

[6 marks]

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