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    Sst Lesson 15

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    rshashi885

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    Sst Lesson 15

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    Sst Lesson 15

    Uploaded by

    rshashi885

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    LESSON - 15

    D. Answer the following questions in brief.

    1. What was Din-i-Ilahi and who started it?

    Answer: Akbar started Din-i-Ilahi. It was a socio-religious path to bridge the


    differences among different communities.

    2. Why is Shah Jahan known as an ‘Engineer King’?

    Answer: Shah Jahan known as an ‘Engineer King’ because Taj Mahal, Red fort and
    numerous of architecture were built during his period.

    3. What was the political condition of India before Babur’s invasion?

    Answer: Before Babur’s invasion, India was easy prey for any invader as it was
    divided into number of states. The small kingdoms were incapable of standing up to
    any foreign aggression.

    4. State the main features of Jahangir’s rule.

    Answer: Jahangir consolidated his territories and developed the administrative


    system that was introduced by his father. Mughal painting reached its zenith during
    his time.

    5. Briefly explain the ‘mansabdari system’.

    Answer: Akbar introduce the Mansabdari system based on rank or position in the
    official hierarchy. The mansabdars were responsible for both civil and military
    administration.

    E. Answer the following questions.

    1. Mention the difficulties faced by Humayun after coming to the throne.

    Answer: Humayun faced innumerable difficulties to retain the Mughal empire in


    India. He had to face opposition from his brothers, relatives, Afghans and Rajputs.

    He multiplied his problems with own follies. He was addicted to opium. He lacked
    the military ability. Humayun was defeated by an Afghan, Sher Shah Suri at Chausa
    and Kanauj and was forced to leave India and take refuge in Iran in 1540.

    2. Compare the religious policy of Akbar with that of Aurangzeb.

    Answer: The religious policy of Akbar and Aurangzeb was exactly opposite. Akbar
    are tolerant to all religion. He started Din-i-Ilahi in 1582 by blending the good points
    of all religions like Hinduism, Christianity, Jainism and other faints.

    Whereas Aurangzeb was intolerant to all religion except Islam. He abolished the
    inland duties and octroi to please his subjects. He was a Muslim fanatic.

    3. Describe Shah Jahan’s Deccan policy.

    Answer: Under Shah Jahan, the Deccan policy of the Mughals entered a new phase.
    HE annexed Ahmadnagar and Daulatabad. He forced the rulers of Bijapur and
    LESSON - 15
    Golconda to accept his supremacy. In 1636, Shah Jahan retired to Agra and
    appointed Aurangzeb as the Governor of Deccan.

    4. Describe the uniform system of administration established by the Mughals.

    Answer: The uniform system of administration established by the Mughals was a


    combination of both Indian and Persian systems. They believed in the supreme
    authority of the king.

    A strong army and efficient ministers assisted the emperor. The whole empire was
    divided into Subas (provinces) which were governed by Subedars (governors). The
    diwan was the collector of land revenue. The kotwal looked after the law and order
    in the city.

    5. List any five factors responsible for the decline of the Mughal empire.

    Answer: The five factors responsible for the decline of the Mughal Empire are as
    follows:

    1. The religious intolerance of Mughals turned the Rajputs against them.

    2. Weak and inefficient successors of Aurangzeb provided and open invitation for
    internal rebels.

    3. Corrupt officials and heavy burden of land revenue resulted revolts against them.

    4. The mansabdars gradually became more powerful than the central authority.

    5. The Europeans were the rising power in the world at that time and the gradually
    took over the administration of India.

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